Article(id=1240372079854416213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240372078617096528, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.01.05, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1677772800000, receivedDateStr=2023-03-03, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773657348835, onlineDateStr=2026-03-16, pubDate=1706630400000, pubDateStr=2024-01-31, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773657348835, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773657348835, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773657348835, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240372078617096528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2024', volume='44', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='184', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773657348540, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773657513974, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240372772564685717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240372078617096528, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240372772564685718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240372078617096528, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=51, endPage=57, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240372081301451100, articleId=1240372079854416213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Preparation and content determination of a Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton film*, columnId=1239256891872833779, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Ingredient Analysi, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective:

To prepare and investigate the content determination of Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (N-CWS) loading film.

Methods:

Taking chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol as film-forming materials, N-CWS film was prepared by solution casting method. The film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and universal tensile testing machine. Determination of arabinose in N-CWS film was carried out by HPLC. The Kromasil C18 column(150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was adopted, with the elution of 50 mmol·L-1 phosphate buffer (pH 7.0)-acetonitrile (80∶20, v/v). The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1, the detection wavelength was 254 nm, and the column temperature was 40 ℃.

Results:

When the mass ratio of chitosan to polyvinyl alcohol was 3∶2 and the mass ratio of membrane material to glycerol was 1∶2, the tensile modulus reached 2.47 mPa and the tensile strain at break was 136.67%. Scanning electron microscopy showed that N-CWS was distributed asymmetrically on the bottom of the film. The linear relationship of D-arabinose in the prepared film was good in the range of 1.1-220 μg·mL-1, and the average recovery rate was 99.5%. The determination results of three batchs N-CWS films showed that the contents of D-arabinose in the films were (0.988±0.041) mg·g-1, (1.035±0.049) mg·g-1, (1.088±0.046) mg·g-1, respectively.

Conclusion:

The preparation process of N-CWS loading film is simple and feasible, and the content determination method is accurate and fast. This study can provide reference for the development of new dosage forms of N-CWS.

, correspAuthors=Yun-yang LIAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Huang-jian YANG, Juan WANG, Zhou-qin CHEN, Xian CHENG, Ling-bin YAN, Xian-ju LIN, Zhu-lan ZHANG, Yun-yang LIAN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1240372082647822714, articleId=1240372079854416213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=红色诺卡氏菌细胞壁骨架药膜的制备与含量测定*, columnId=1206272756476342615, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=成分分析, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的:

制备红色诺卡氏菌细胞壁骨架(N-CWS)药膜并考察其含量测定方法。

方法:

以N-CWS为模型药物,壳聚糖、聚乙烯醇为成膜材料,通过溶液浇铸法制备N-CWS药膜;使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱仪、万能试验机对药膜性能进行表征;采用柱前衍生化高效液相色谱法测定药膜中D-阿拉伯糖的含量,采用Kromasil C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,以50 mmol·L-1(pH 7.0)磷酸盐缓冲液-乙腈(80∶20,v/v)为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长254 nm,柱温40 ℃。

结果:

当壳聚糖与聚乙烯醇质量比为3∶2,膜材与甘油质量比为1∶2时,断裂拉伸应变为136.67%,拉伸应力为2.47 mPa。扫描电镜观察到N-CWS主要分布在膜的底面,呈不对称分布;制备的药膜中D-阿拉伯糖在1.1~220 μg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为99.5%,测得3批次药膜中D-阿拉伯糖分别为(0.988±0.041)mg·g-1、(1.035±0.049)mg·g-1、(1.088±0.046) mg·g-1

结论:

N-CWS药膜制备工艺简单易行,含量测定方法准确快速,本研究可为N-CWS的新剂型开发提供参考依据。

, correspAuthors=连云阳, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
**Tel:13860677709;E-mail:
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杨煌建 Tel: 15980110311;E-mail:

王娟 Tel: 13559198895; E-mail:

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Research on Preparation and Performance of Chitosan Wound Dressing[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science & Technology,2018, articleTitle=Research on Preparation and Performance of Chitosan Wound Dressing, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240376125608751144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240372079854416213, awardId=2021R1005007, language=CN, fundingSource=*福建省属公益类研究所基本科研专项(2021R1005007), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240376125709414452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240372079854416213, awardId=2022R1005007, language=CN, fundingSource=福建省属公益类研究所基本科研专项(2022R1005007), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240376125810077750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240372079854416213, awardId=2021-P-25, language=CN, fundingSource=福州市科技创新平台项目(2021-P-25), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240376120546226898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240372079854416213, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240376120554615507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240372079854416213, companyId=1240376120546226898, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Fujian Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou 350007, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240376120558809812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240372079854416213, companyId=1240376120546226898, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=福建省微生物研究所 福建省新药(微生物)筛选重点实验室,福州 350007)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240376124425958341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240372079854416213, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=The SEM images of N-CWS film, figureFileSmall=YxtBIOyBmuccA8BJSVIR9Q==, figureFileBig=ib9I6rzMh1RsrI+jCyLctQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240376124505650122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240372079854416213, language=CN, label=图1, caption=N-CWS药膜的扫描电镜图

A.N-CWS B.药膜正面(surface of the film) C.药膜底面(bottom of the film) D.药膜截面(cross-section of the film)

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A.空白膜(the blank film) B.N-CWS药膜(the N-CWS film)

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A.D-阿拉伯糖(D-Arabinose) B.N-CWS C.空白膜(the blank film) D.N-CWS药膜(the N-CWS film)

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Results of recovery tests

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
原有量
(original)/μg
加入量
(added)/μg
测得量
(found)/μg
回收率
(recovery)/%
RSD/%
196.91110.21309.76100.92.2
301.2498.1
314.32102.3
196.91220.42424.36101.72.6
418.82100.4
403.4296.7
196.91330.63524.61100.41.8
506.5597.9
512.1897.1
), ArticleFig(id=1240376125218680841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240372079854416213, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

回收率试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
原有量
(original)/μg
加入量
(added)/μg
测得量
(found)/μg
回收率
(recovery)/%
RSD/%
196.91110.21309.76100.92.2
301.2498.1
314.32102.3
196.91220.42424.36101.72.6
418.82100.4
403.4296.7
196.91330.63524.61100.41.8
506.5597.9
512.1897.1
), ArticleFig(id=1240376125315149842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240372079854416213, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

The determination results of three batchs N-CWS films

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
批号
(batch)
含量(content)/(mg·g-1)
D-阿拉伯糖(D-arabinose)N-CWS
202211010.988±0.04114.70±0.61
202211021.035±0.04915.40±0.73
202211031.088±0.04616.19±0.69
), ArticleFig(id=1240376125399035927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240372079854416213, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

3批N-CWS药膜的含量测定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
批号
(batch)
含量(content)/(mg·g-1)
D-阿拉伯糖(D-arabinose)N-CWS
202211010.988±0.04114.70±0.61
202211021.035±0.04915.40±0.73
202211031.088±0.04616.19±0.69
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红色诺卡氏菌细胞壁骨架药膜的制备与含量测定*
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杨煌建 , 王娟 , 陈洲琴 , 程贤 , 严凌斌 , 林仙菊 , 张祝兰 , 连云阳 **
药物分析杂志 | 成分分析 2024,44(1): 51-57
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药物分析杂志 | 成分分析 2024, 44(1): 51-57
红色诺卡氏菌细胞壁骨架药膜的制备与含量测定*
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杨煌建 , 王娟 , 陈洲琴, 程贤, 严凌斌, 林仙菊, 张祝兰, 连云阳**
作者信息
  • 福建省微生物研究所 福建省新药(微生物)筛选重点实验室,福州 350007
  • 杨煌建 Tel: 15980110311;E-mail:

    王娟 Tel: 13559198895; E-mail:

通讯作者:

**Tel:13860677709;E-mail:
Preparation and content determination of a Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton film*
Huang-jian YANG , Juan WANG , Zhou-qin CHEN, Xian CHENG, Ling-bin YAN, Xian-ju LIN, Zhu-lan ZHANG, Yun-yang LIAN**
Affiliations
  • Fujian Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou 350007, China
出版时间: 2024-01-31 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.01.05
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目的:

制备红色诺卡氏菌细胞壁骨架(N-CWS)药膜并考察其含量测定方法。

方法:

以N-CWS为模型药物,壳聚糖、聚乙烯醇为成膜材料,通过溶液浇铸法制备N-CWS药膜;使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱仪、万能试验机对药膜性能进行表征;采用柱前衍生化高效液相色谱法测定药膜中D-阿拉伯糖的含量,采用Kromasil C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,以50 mmol·L-1(pH 7.0)磷酸盐缓冲液-乙腈(80∶20,v/v)为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长254 nm,柱温40 ℃。

结果:

当壳聚糖与聚乙烯醇质量比为3∶2,膜材与甘油质量比为1∶2时,断裂拉伸应变为136.67%,拉伸应力为2.47 mPa。扫描电镜观察到N-CWS主要分布在膜的底面,呈不对称分布;制备的药膜中D-阿拉伯糖在1.1~220 μg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为99.5%,测得3批次药膜中D-阿拉伯糖分别为(0.988±0.041)mg·g-1、(1.035±0.049)mg·g-1、(1.088±0.046) mg·g-1

结论:

N-CWS药膜制备工艺简单易行,含量测定方法准确快速,本研究可为N-CWS的新剂型开发提供参考依据。

红色诺卡氏菌细胞壁骨架  /  壳聚糖  /  聚乙烯醇  /  药膜  /  柱前衍生化  /  含量测定  /  D-阿拉伯糖
Objective:

To prepare and investigate the content determination of Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (N-CWS) loading film.

Methods:

Taking chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol as film-forming materials, N-CWS film was prepared by solution casting method. The film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and universal tensile testing machine. Determination of arabinose in N-CWS film was carried out by HPLC. The Kromasil C18 column(150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was adopted, with the elution of 50 mmol·L-1 phosphate buffer (pH 7.0)-acetonitrile (80∶20, v/v). The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1, the detection wavelength was 254 nm, and the column temperature was 40 ℃.

Results:

When the mass ratio of chitosan to polyvinyl alcohol was 3∶2 and the mass ratio of membrane material to glycerol was 1∶2, the tensile modulus reached 2.47 mPa and the tensile strain at break was 136.67%. Scanning electron microscopy showed that N-CWS was distributed asymmetrically on the bottom of the film. The linear relationship of D-arabinose in the prepared film was good in the range of 1.1-220 μg·mL-1, and the average recovery rate was 99.5%. The determination results of three batchs N-CWS films showed that the contents of D-arabinose in the films were (0.988±0.041) mg·g-1, (1.035±0.049) mg·g-1, (1.088±0.046) mg·g-1, respectively.

Conclusion:

The preparation process of N-CWS loading film is simple and feasible, and the content determination method is accurate and fast. This study can provide reference for the development of new dosage forms of N-CWS.

Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton  /  chitosan  /  polyvinyl alcohol  /  film  /  pre-column derivatization  /  content determination  /  D-arabinose
杨煌建, 王娟, 陈洲琴, 程贤, 严凌斌, 林仙菊, 张祝兰, 连云阳. 红色诺卡氏菌细胞壁骨架药膜的制备与含量测定*. 药物分析杂志, 2024 , 44 (1) : 51 -57 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.01.05
Huang-jian YANG, Juan WANG, Zhou-qin CHEN, Xian CHENG, Ling-bin YAN, Xian-ju LIN, Zhu-lan ZHANG, Yun-yang LIAN. Preparation and content determination of a Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton film*[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2024 , 44 (1) : 51 -57 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.01.05
红色诺卡氏菌细胞壁骨架(Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton,N-CWS)是由红色诺卡氏菌经发酵、细胞破碎、酶处理、溶剂提取等工艺制备而成,主要成分为诺卡氏菌酸、阿拉伯半乳聚糖和粘肽[1-2],能增强体内T细胞、巨噬细胞和自然杀伤细胞的活性,促进细胞因子产生,具有免疫活性强和副作用小的特点。研究表明N-CWS可通过提高IL-1、IL-2、IL-6、TNF、IFN(αβγ)多种细胞因子的水平,增强巨噬细胞、杀伤性T细胞、LAK细胞、NK细胞的杀伤活性,发挥抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗感染、促伤口愈合等作用[3-7]。当前皮肤伤口愈合是外科领域常见的疾患之一。开发具有抗感染、促愈合等多种功能的皮肤医用材料,对促进患者康复、减轻病痛及减少医疗卫生负担具有积极的经济和社会价值。本试验以壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇为载体,甘油作为保湿剂和增塑剂,制备N-CWS药膜,并建立高效液相色谱法测定药膜中N-CWS的含量,以期为N-CWS薄膜剂型开发提供依据。
AG-50KNIS电子万能材料试验机(岛滓公司);Nicolet iS5红外光谱仪(Thermo Fisher Scientific公司);扫描电子显微镜(ZEISS);JY10002电子天平(上海舜宇恒平科学仪器有限公司,精度0.01 g);DHG-9070A鼓风干燥箱(上海培因实验仪器有限公司);DF-101S集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器(巩义市予华仪器有限公司);DF-101S集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器(巩义市予华仪器有限公司);MDF-382E型低温冰箱(三洋公司);SECURA225D-1CN分析天平(北京赛多利斯仪器系统有限公司,精度0.000 01 g);S-210S台式酸度计(梅特勒托利多仪器(上海)有限公司);D-500高剪切匀质乳化机(维根技术(北京)有限公司)。
N-CWS(由福建省微生物研究所提供,含D-阿拉伯糖67.21 mg·g-1);壳聚糖(国药集团化学试剂有限公司,脱乙酰度为80.0%~95.0%,批号20211027);聚乙烯醇(江西阿尔法高科药业有限公司,型号24-88,批号20151001);甘油(湖南新绿方药业有限公司,批号22052901);盐酸(西陇科学股份有限公司);氢氧化钠(西陇科学股份有限公司);D-阿拉伯糖(纯度>98%,国药集团化学试剂有限公司);三氟乙酸(TFA)、1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMP,国药集团化学试剂有限公司);甲醇、乙腈(色谱级,默克公司)。
称取壳聚糖2 g,加入0.9%盐酸溶液100 mL中,搅拌使之完全溶解。另称取聚乙烯醇2 g,加入蒸馏水100 mL中,于95 ℃水浴中搅拌至溶解。分别量取壳聚糖溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液按30∶20的体积比进行混合,得到壳聚糖-聚乙烯醇溶液50 mL。取甘油2 g,加入N-CWS 100 mg,用高剪切匀质乳化机匀质10 min后,加入壳聚糖-聚乙烯醇溶液中,于60 ℃水浴中搅拌30 min,冷却至室温,用0.1 mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至5.5,然后倒入10 cm×10 cm×2 cm的硅胶模具中,静置消泡后,置于50 ℃鼓风干燥箱中干燥12 h后成膜,冷却至室温,脱膜,得尺寸约为10 cm×10 cm的药膜。
对N-CWS药膜,喷金处理,SEM观察其正面(薄膜与空气接触面)、底面(薄膜与模具接触面)和截面的表面形貌,结果见图1图1-A为N-CWS分散于超纯水中的形貌特征图;由图1-B、C、D可看出,药膜面向空气的表面较少出现药物颗粒,而面向底物的一侧则出现较多的药物颗粒,表明由于重力的原因,随着水分的挥发,N-CWS会向膜的底部沉积,因此底部会出现较多的药物颗粒。可见该薄膜中药物分散属于不对称分布。
采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对药膜进行扫描。扫描波数为400~4 000 cm-1,分辨率为4 cm-1,扫描次数32次,结果见图2。由于N-CWS和成膜材料都属于多糖类物质,从IR谱图中可以看出,药膜具有多糖的特征吸收峰:在3 700~3 200 cm-1处(3 406.65 cm-1)的宽峰为羟基和氨基的伸缩振动吸收峰重叠所致;2 935.45和2 885.60 cm-1处的双吸收峰为典型的碳氢键的伸缩振动峰;1 738.78 cm-1处的吸收峰可归属为O-乙酰基上C=O的伸缩振动,主要是所用壳聚糖脱乙酰度为80%~95%。1 636.57 cm-1处为吸附水的无定形区域的吸收峰;1 427.15 cm-1附近的吸收峰由CH2的剪切振动和弯曲振动引起;1 377.29 cm-1处为CH和CH3上C-H的弯曲振动吸收峰;1 252.63 cm-1处为多糖类物质C-O-C或C-O的伸缩振动吸收峰;1 152.91cm-1处为O-乙酰基上C-O的弯曲振动吸收峰;1 065.65和1 030.75 cm-1处分别为C-O的伸缩振动或C-OH的弯曲振动吸收峰。
将药膜裁切成50 mm×10 mm的矩形,用万能材料试验机测定其拉伸强度和断裂拉伸应变。测试参数:载荷50 N,测量时的夹具间距为50 mm,拉伸速度为恒定速率5 mm·min-1。药膜拉伸测试所得到的应力-应变曲线与GB/T1040.1-2006中曲线d的类型相符,故该药膜属于无屈服点的韧性材料[8-9]。无甘油膜和空白药膜的制备按“2.1”项下方法,分别不加入甘油和N-CWS。由图3可看,加入适量的甘油对薄膜有良好的增塑效果,薄膜的断裂拉伸应变增大而拉伸应力减小,加入甘油时,薄膜断裂拉伸应变和拉伸应力分别为181.33%、3.37 mPa。薄膜载药后,薄膜的断裂拉伸应变和拉伸应力均有所减小,断裂拉伸应变由181.33%减小至136.67%,拉伸应力由3.37 mPa减小至2.47 mPa。
建立柱前衍生化高效液相色谱法测定药膜中N-CWS的含量。N-CWS含有类脂化合物、多糖(阿拉伯半乳聚糖)、粘肽(主要为丙氨酸、谷氨酸、二氨基庚二酸、葡萄糖胺、胞壁酸),其中组成多糖的单糖以D-阿拉伯糖含量最高[2,10]。本试验通过柱前衍生化将N-CWS分解成单糖,通过测定其中阿拉伯糖单糖含量确定N-CWS含量。
采用Kromasil C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,柱温40 ℃,以50 mmol·L-1(pH为7.0)磷酸盐缓冲液-乙腈(80∶20,v/v)为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长254 nm,进样量10 μL。
精密称取D-阿拉伯糖对照品适量,置于10 mL量瓶中,用水溶解并稀释至刻度,摇匀,配制成每1 mL含1 mg D-阿拉伯糖的溶液,即得。
精密称取药膜样品100 mg,加入2 mol·L-1三氟乙酸2.0 mL,120 ℃水解2 h,加入甲醇10 mL,45 ℃水浴蒸干,重复3~5次,直至完全蒸除三氟乙酸为止。精密加入超纯水2.0 mL溶解残渣,离心(4 000 r·min-1)10 min,取上清液,即得。
精密称取PMP 1.0 g,置10 mL量瓶中,加甲醇溶解并定容,摇匀,制得0.5 mol·L-1的PMP甲醇溶液,即得。
取对照品储备溶液和药膜供试品溶液各100 μL,分别加入衍生化试液100 μL和0.3 mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液100 μL,充分混匀,70 ℃恒温水浴中加热30 min。取出,放冷至室温,加入0.3 mol·L-1盐酸溶液100 μL,漩涡震荡混匀。加入三氯甲烷0.5 mL,混匀后抽提剩余的PMP,吸去三氯甲烷层,保留水层溶液,重复操作2次。水层溶液用0.22 μm滤膜过滤,即得。
按“2.3.2.4”项下的方法对对照品储备溶液、N-CWS、空白膜和药膜供试品溶液进行衍生化,按“2.3.1”项下条件进样分析,试验结果见图4D-阿拉伯糖保留时间为17.131 min。结果表明空白溶剂和药物辅料均不干扰测定,方法专属性良好。
精密吸取“2.3.2.1”项对照品储备溶液适量,用水分别稀释成220、110、44、22、11和1.1 μg·mL-1溶液,按“2.3.2.4”项下方法进行衍生化处理,精密吸取处理后溶液10 μL,按“2.3.1”项下条件进行HPLC分析,以阿拉伯糖衍生物峰面积(Y)与相应浓度(X,μg·mL-1)进行线性回归分析,其回归方程(n=6)为
结果表明阿拉伯糖质量浓度在1.1~220 μg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好。
取“2.3.2.1”项下对照品储备溶液,用水稀释得110.0 μg·mL-1D-阿拉伯糖对照品溶液,按“2.3.2.4”项下方法进行衍生化,按“2.3.1”项下条件连续进样6次,以D-阿拉伯糖衍生物峰面积代入标准曲线计算,D-阿拉伯糖含量的RSD(n=6)为1.0%,表明本测定方法的精密度良好。
取“2.3.2.1”项下对照品储备溶液,用水稀释得25.0 μg·mL-1D-阿拉伯糖对照品溶液,按照“2.3.2.4”项下方法进行衍生化,分别于室温下放置0、2、4、6、8、12 h进行测定,以D-阿拉伯糖衍生物峰面积代入回归方程计算,D-阿拉伯糖浓度的RSD(n=6)为1.3%。表明D-阿拉伯糖衍生化产物在12 h内稳定性良好。
取同一批(20221102)药膜样品按“2.3.2.2”项下的方法制备供试品溶液6份,照“2.3.2.4”项下方法进行衍生化,在“2.3.1”项色谱条件下分别进样10 μL,记录色谱图。以D-阿拉伯糖衍生物峰面积代入回归方程计算,药膜中D-阿拉伯糖含量分别为0.98、1.01、1.02、1.02、1.01、1.08 mg·g-1,RSD(n=6)为2.9%。
采用加样回收法,取己知含量的药膜样品(20221102)9份,平均分为3组,每组按低、中、高浓度分别精密加入D-阿拉伯糖对照品110.21、220.42、330.63 μg,按“2.3.2.2”项方法制备供试溶液,再按“2.3.2.4”进行衍生化,在“2.3.1”项色谱条件下进行HPLC分析,结果见表1。平均回收率(n=9)为99.5%。
分别精密称取3批药膜,按照“2.3.2.2”项下方法制备供试品溶液,按“2.3.2.4”项下方法进行衍生化,在“2.3.1”项色谱条件下进行HPLC分析。以D-阿拉伯糖衍生物峰面积代入回归方程计算D-阿拉伯糖含量。药膜中N-CWS含量按下列公式计算:
其中A为药膜中D-阿拉伯糖含量,A为N-CWS中D-阿拉伯糖含量(即67.21 mg·g-1),C为药膜中N-CWS的含量(mg·g-1)。结果见表2
药膜是一种将药物溶解、均匀分散在成膜材料中制成的医用材料[14-15]。相比传统纱布敷料组织粘连严重,细菌感染频发,性能单一等缺点,它可贴敷在皮肤或黏膜创伤表面或溃疡表面,药物直接经黏膜吸收,达到良好的治疗效果。
N-CWS是一种非特异性免疫调节剂,具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗感染、抗肿瘤活性,应用前景广阔。目前临床上使用的N-CWS制剂主要有2种,N-CWS冻干粉注射剂应用于抗肿瘤辅助治疗;N-CWS搽剂应用于各种类型宫颈糜烂的治疗。近年来,研究发现N-CWS可大大提高巨噬细胞的吞噬能力,显著抑制白色念珠菌或分支杆菌的生长,具有较强的抗感染作用。研究表明[16],N-CWS可提高创面CD68和F4/80的表达,活化创面的巨噬细胞,增加TGF-β1的表达,增强血管生成,从而促进皮肤全层缺损创面的愈合。因此,开展N-CWS载药薄膜研究具有一定临床价值和意义。本实验以壳聚糖和聚乙烯醇为成膜材料,甘油作为保湿剂和增塑剂,包载N-CWS制备了医用薄膜。SEM显示,该薄膜中药物分散属于不对称分布,面向模具底部的一侧分布较多的药物颗粒,这种不对称分布对于含量的均匀性可能会造成一定的影响,后期实验将进一步通过微粉化、微乳化等方式改善N-CWS的溶解性以及粒度,优化成膜材料浓度、干燥方式等加以改善。加入适量的甘油对薄膜有良好的增塑效果,薄膜的断裂拉伸应变增大而拉伸应力减小,这与文献[17]报道一致,主要是因为甘油较容易地插入壳聚糖和聚乙烯醇高分子链之间,并与其中众多的羟基、氨基形成氢键,增大了高分子链之间的距离,软化了膜的刚性结构,从而改善了膜的机械性能[17]。同时本实验进一步考察了载药薄膜中N-CWS含量测定方法。目前有关N-CWS含量测定多采用硫酸苯酚法[2,10],但该方法稳定性、重现性、精密度较差,而且应用在制剂的质量控制中会受到多糖类成膜材料的干扰。本实验对N-CWS进行定量衍生反应,专属性良好,且通过HPLC法对N-CWS中D-阿拉伯糖进行测定,准确度和精密度良好,适用于N-CWS皮肤用膜含量的测定。
综上所述,本实验提供了一种新型N-CWS药膜,具有一定的临床意义和广阔的应用前景。课题组后期将进一步考察N-CWS药膜的溶化性能、药物的释放和吸收,以及对难愈性伤口如糖尿病溃疡,特别是免疫功能低下慢性损伤的修复效果,为N-CWS的产品开发进行更深入的研究和实践。
  • *福建省属公益类研究所基本科研专项(2021R1005007)
  • 福建省属公益类研究所基本科研专项(2022R1005007)
  • 福州市科技创新平台项目(2021-P-25)
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2024年第44卷第1期
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.01.05
  • 接收时间:2023-03-03
  • 首发时间:2026-03-16
  • 出版时间:2024-01-31
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  • 收稿日期:2023-03-03
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*福建省属公益类研究所基本科研专项(2021R1005007)
福建省属公益类研究所基本科研专项(2022R1005007)
福州市科技创新平台项目(2021-P-25)
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    福建省微生物研究所 福建省新药(微生物)筛选重点实验室,福州 350007

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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