Article(id=1239973081125540232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239973077845603299, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2022-0451, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=1725552000000, revisedDateStr=2024-09-06, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773562220125, onlineDateStr=2026-03-15, pubDate=1730304000000, pubDateStr=2024-10-31, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773562220125, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-15, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773562220125, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773562220125, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239973077845603299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2024', volume='44', issue='10', pageStart='1647', pageEnd='1826', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773562219344, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773563041495, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239976526251356920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239973077845603299, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239976526251356921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239973077845603299, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1749, endPage=1755, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239973083021365669, articleId=1239973081125540232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Establishment and quality control of virus seed bank of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine (chicken embryo cells)*, columnId=1239973082895536544, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Activity Analysis, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective:

To screen primary chicken embryo cells adapted strain of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine 17D-204,prepare virus seed banks and perform release tests.

Methods:

The virus seed of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine 17D-204 was adapted and domesticated on primary chicken embryo cells,and the chicken embryo cells adapted strain was obtained. Establish virus seed banks of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine (primary chicken embryo cells),and quality control was performed.

Results:

The optimum culture temperature of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine 17D-204 in primary chicken embryo cells was 37 ℃,and the optimum MOI(multiplicity of infection) was 0.0048. Three-level seed banks of primary seed bank,master seed bank,working seed bank of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine 17D-204 (primary chicken embryo cells) [17D-204(CEC)] were established. The verification of virus titer,identification test,sterility test,mycoplasma,exogenous virus factor test,Mycobacterium test and other items were in line with the provisions of volume Ⅲ of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. High throughput sequencing showed that there was no gene mutation and no internal and external virus factor pollution in the gene sequence of the virus seed banks.

Conclusion:

The primary chicken embryo cell adapted strain of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine 17D-204(CEC) can be screened out to establish the virus seed banks,with good passage stability and genetic stability. This study laid a firm foundation for the regeneration of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine from chicken yolk sac to chicken embryo cells.

, correspAuthors=Yu-hua LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hong-shan XU, Yan-qiu HUANG, Xin-yu LIU, Li-li JIA, Yu-hua LI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1239973084233519575, articleId=1239973081125540232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=黄热减毒活疫苗(鸡胚细胞)三级毒种库的建立和质量控制研究*, columnId=1206272757600416118, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=生物检定, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的:

筛选黄热减毒活疫苗17D-204原代鸡胚细胞适应株,制备三级毒种库,并对毒种库质量控制研究。

方法:

筛选黄热减毒活疫苗生产毒种17D-204株,在原代鸡胚细胞上适应和驯化培养,获得鸡胚细胞适应株,并对毒种库进行质量控制研究。

结果:

黄热减毒活疫苗17D-204在原代鸡胚细胞最适宜培养温度为37 ℃,最适宜感染复数(multiplicity of infection,MOI)为0.004 8;建立了黄热减毒活疫苗(17D-204(CEC))原始种子、主代种子批、工作种子批三级毒种库。对毒种库鉴别试验、病毒滴度测定、无菌检查、支原体检查、外源病毒因子检查、分枝杆菌检查等项目研究,均符合《中华人民共和国药典》三部规定。高通量测序显示,17D-204(CEC)在原代鸡胚细胞上传代7代,其基因序列未发生改变。也未发现内、外源病毒因子污染。

结论:

筛选出了鸡胚细胞17D-204适应株17D-204(CEC),建立了三级毒种库,传代稳定性和遗传稳定性均良好,为原代鸡胚细胞取代鸡胚卵黄囊制备黄热减毒活疫苗奠定了坚实基础。

, correspAuthors=李玉华, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
** Tel:(010)53852128;E-mail:
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Tel:(010)53851780;E-mail:

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J Virol Methods2018260:82, articleTitle=Sanger-based sequencing technology for yellow fever vaccine genetic quality control, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1239977439644930734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, awardId=2018ZX09738003-008, language=CN, fundingSource=*重大新药创制项目(2018ZX09738003-008), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239977430367130003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239977430375518613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, companyId=1239977430367130003, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239977430388101527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, companyId=1239977430367130003, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国食品药品检定研究院,北京 102629)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1239977436583088723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Normal primary chicken embryo cells, figureFileSmall=sltvWpma+iHRshA1x0Ngeg==, figureFileBig=YgEdEvU90KEH70rX7OtoEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239977438042706521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=CN, label=图1, caption=正常原代鸡胚细胞, figureFileSmall=sltvWpma+iHRshA1x0Ngeg==, figureFileBig=YgEdEvU90KEH70rX7OtoEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239977438189507166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Pathological changes of monolayer primary chicken embryo cells on day 5 after 17 D-204(CEC) inoculation, figureFileSmall=MJQg+AM4s2tRBRcr0/J4fA==, figureFileBig=MzyjSQwVSC78xJe05TC8aw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239977438269198949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=CN, label=图2, caption=17D-204(CEC)接种长满单层的原代鸡胚细胞后的第5天病变情况, figureFileSmall=MJQg+AM4s2tRBRcr0/J4fA==, figureFileBig=MzyjSQwVSC78xJe05TC8aw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239977438386639468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Proliferation curve of 17D-204(CEC) on primary chicken embryo cells, figureFileSmall=WLz2LILHqdi/Ra6qP7o94A==, figureFileBig=pePK/EsIECO9AhtpRZ71yg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239977438495691378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=CN, label=图3, caption=17D-204(CEC)在原代鸡胚细胞上的增殖曲线, figureFileSmall=WLz2LILHqdi/Ra6qP7o94A==, figureFileBig=pePK/EsIECO9AhtpRZ71yg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239977438634103418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effect of different MOI on virus titer, figureFileSmall=/9aaG3tXmkxoIKTsOaVyqg==, figureFileBig=H3f+TH++eUlgCtDAQrZu3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239977438772515456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同MOI对病毒滴度的影响, figureFileSmall=/9aaG3tXmkxoIKTsOaVyqg==, figureFileBig=H3f+TH++eUlgCtDAQrZu3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239977438860595844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Stability of 17D-204(CEC) continuously passaged on primary chicken embryo cells, figureFileSmall=UkoqJxXbtmJWf9dcvN3YLA==, figureFileBig=PhSiaueTgU1WdpO6JGSQFw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239977438978036367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=CN, label=图5, caption=17D-204(CEC)在原代鸡胚细胞上传代稳定性, figureFileSmall=UkoqJxXbtmJWf9dcvN3YLA==, figureFileBig=PhSiaueTgU1WdpO6JGSQFw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239977439099671187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Effect of different MOI on virus titer

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
接种后天数
(days after virus inoculation)
病毒滴度(virus titer)/(lgPFU·mL-1
MOI=0.001 6 PFU·个-1MOI=0.003 2 PFU·个-1MOI=0.004 8 PFU·个-1
23.674.014.12
35.105.736.10
43.185.105.48
52.504.485.30
), ArticleFig(id=1239977439183557269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同MOI对病毒滴度的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
接种后天数
(days after virus inoculation)
病毒滴度(virus titer)/(lgPFU·mL-1
MOI=0.001 6 PFU·个-1MOI=0.003 2 PFU·个-1MOI=0.004 8 PFU·个-1
23.674.014.12
35.105.736.10
43.185.105.48
52.504.485.30
), ArticleFig(id=1239977439250666139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Verification results of 17D-204(CEC) virus seed bank

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
检定项目
(test)
原始种子
(primary virus seed)
主种子批
(master virus seed)
工作种子批
(working virus seed)
鉴别试验(identity test)蚀斑减少率(plaque reduction rate)/%100100100
病毒滴度(virus titration)/(lgPFU·mL-16.096.276.18
外源病毒因子检查(test for adventitious viruses)(细胞培养法)阴性(negative)阴性(negative)阴性(negative)
无菌检查(sterility test)(直接接种法)无菌生长(conform)无菌生长(conform)无菌生长(conform)
支原体检查(test for mycoplasma)(培养法)无支原体生长(conform)无支原体生长(conform)无支原体生长(conform)
分枝杆菌检查(test for mycobacterium)未见分枝杆菌生长(conform)未见分枝杆菌生长(conform)未见分枝杆菌生长(conform)
), ArticleFig(id=1239977439334552221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

17D-204(CEC)三级毒种库检定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
检定项目
(test)
原始种子
(primary virus seed)
主种子批
(master virus seed)
工作种子批
(working virus seed)
鉴别试验(identity test)蚀斑减少率(plaque reduction rate)/%100100100
病毒滴度(virus titration)/(lgPFU·mL-16.096.276.18
外源病毒因子检查(test for adventitious viruses)(细胞培养法)阴性(negative)阴性(negative)阴性(negative)
无菌检查(sterility test)(直接接种法)无菌生长(conform)无菌生长(conform)无菌生长(conform)
支原体检查(test for mycoplasma)(培养法)无支原体生长(conform)无支原体生长(conform)无支原体生长(conform)
分枝杆菌检查(test for mycobacterium)未见分枝杆菌生长(conform)未见分枝杆菌生长(conform)未见分枝杆菌生长(conform)
), ArticleFig(id=1239977439426826914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

RNA concentration extracted from YF-17D-CEC virus seed bank

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号(No.)名称sample name)体积(volume)/μL浓度(concentration)/(ng·μL-1
1YF-17D PS20190112mRNA50234.2
2YF-17D MS20190115mRNA50265.3
3YF-17D WS20190117mRNA50258.9
), ArticleFig(id=1239977439514907306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239973081125540232, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

YF17D-CEC三级毒种库提取RNA浓度测定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号(No.)名称sample name)体积(volume)/μL浓度(concentration)/(ng·μL-1
1YF-17D PS20190112mRNA50234.2
2YF-17D MS20190115mRNA50265.3
3YF-17D WS20190117mRNA50258.9
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黄热减毒活疫苗(鸡胚细胞)三级毒种库的建立和质量控制研究*
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徐宏山 , 黄艳秋 , 刘欣玉 , 贾丽丽 , 李玉华 **
药物分析杂志 | 生物检定 2024,44(10): 1749-1755
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药物分析杂志 | 生物检定 2024, 44(10): 1749-1755
黄热减毒活疫苗(鸡胚细胞)三级毒种库的建立和质量控制研究*
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徐宏山 , 黄艳秋, 刘欣玉, 贾丽丽, 李玉华**
作者信息
  • 中国食品药品检定研究院,北京 102629
  • Tel:(010)53851780;E-mail:

通讯作者:

** Tel:(010)53852128;E-mail:
Establishment and quality control of virus seed bank of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine (chicken embryo cells)*
Hong-shan XU , Yan-qiu HUANG, Xin-yu LIU, Li-li JIA, Yu-hua LI**
Affiliations
  • National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
出版时间: 2024-10-31 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2022-0451
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目的:

筛选黄热减毒活疫苗17D-204原代鸡胚细胞适应株,制备三级毒种库,并对毒种库质量控制研究。

方法:

筛选黄热减毒活疫苗生产毒种17D-204株,在原代鸡胚细胞上适应和驯化培养,获得鸡胚细胞适应株,并对毒种库进行质量控制研究。

结果:

黄热减毒活疫苗17D-204在原代鸡胚细胞最适宜培养温度为37 ℃,最适宜感染复数(multiplicity of infection,MOI)为0.004 8;建立了黄热减毒活疫苗(17D-204(CEC))原始种子、主代种子批、工作种子批三级毒种库。对毒种库鉴别试验、病毒滴度测定、无菌检查、支原体检查、外源病毒因子检查、分枝杆菌检查等项目研究,均符合《中华人民共和国药典》三部规定。高通量测序显示,17D-204(CEC)在原代鸡胚细胞上传代7代,其基因序列未发生改变。也未发现内、外源病毒因子污染。

结论:

筛选出了鸡胚细胞17D-204适应株17D-204(CEC),建立了三级毒种库,传代稳定性和遗传稳定性均良好,为原代鸡胚细胞取代鸡胚卵黄囊制备黄热减毒活疫苗奠定了坚实基础。

黄热病毒  /  原代鸡胚细胞  /  毒种库  /  质量控制  /  黄热减毒活疫苗  /  17D-204
Objective:

To screen primary chicken embryo cells adapted strain of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine 17D-204,prepare virus seed banks and perform release tests.

Methods:

The virus seed of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine 17D-204 was adapted and domesticated on primary chicken embryo cells,and the chicken embryo cells adapted strain was obtained. Establish virus seed banks of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine (primary chicken embryo cells),and quality control was performed.

Results:

The optimum culture temperature of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine 17D-204 in primary chicken embryo cells was 37 ℃,and the optimum MOI(multiplicity of infection) was 0.0048. Three-level seed banks of primary seed bank,master seed bank,working seed bank of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine 17D-204 (primary chicken embryo cells) [17D-204(CEC)] were established. The verification of virus titer,identification test,sterility test,mycoplasma,exogenous virus factor test,Mycobacterium test and other items were in line with the provisions of volume Ⅲ of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. High throughput sequencing showed that there was no gene mutation and no internal and external virus factor pollution in the gene sequence of the virus seed banks.

Conclusion:

The primary chicken embryo cell adapted strain of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine 17D-204(CEC) can be screened out to establish the virus seed banks,with good passage stability and genetic stability. This study laid a firm foundation for the regeneration of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine from chicken yolk sac to chicken embryo cells.

yellow fever virus  /  primary chicken embryo cells  /  virus seed bank  /  quality control  /  live attenuated yellow fever vaccine  /  17D-204
徐宏山, 黄艳秋, 刘欣玉, 贾丽丽, 李玉华. 黄热减毒活疫苗(鸡胚细胞)三级毒种库的建立和质量控制研究*. 药物分析杂志, 2024 , 44 (10) : 1749 -1755 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2022-0451
Hong-shan XU, Yan-qiu HUANG, Xin-yu LIU, Li-li JIA, Yu-hua LI. Establishment and quality control of virus seed bank of live attenuated yellow fever vaccine (chicken embryo cells)*[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2024 , 44 (10) : 1749 -1755 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2022-0451
目前,我国采用将17D-204疫苗株接种于鸡胚卵黄囊生产黄热减毒活疫苗,该工艺从1953年开始至今已沿用67年[1]。传统的生产鸡胚卵黄囊疫苗方法工艺烦琐,流程长,劳动强度大,收获率低,毒种用量大,且疫苗中鸡胚卵清蛋白含量较高。鸡胚中难免潜在一些外源因子(如卵清蛋白、禽类病毒等)污染疫苗。原代鸡胚细胞株相对容易获得,而且增殖能力强,适应性强,具有良好的耐受性,性状比较稳定,不易发生转化[2]。为了实现原代鸡胚细胞取代鸡胚卵黄囊,实现黄热减毒活疫苗工艺升级换代,本研究首先利用黄热减毒活疫苗17D-204疫苗株在原代鸡胚细胞上适应和驯化培养,获得鸡胚细胞适应株17D-204(CEC)。在此基础上,建立黄热减毒活疫苗(原代鸡胚细胞)原始种子、主代种子批、工作种子批三级毒种库,并对三级毒种库进行质量控制研究。以原代鸡胚细胞为基质生产的黄热减毒活疫苗,将会极大提高疫苗的产量、扩大生产规模、降低疫苗杂蛋白的残留量。
NU-437-600S型生物安全柜,Nuaire公司;ICO150型二氧化碳培养箱,Memmert公司;ST8R型离心机,Thermo公司;N60TOUCH型超微量分光光度计,IMPLEN公司。TC20细胞计数仪,Bio-Rad公司。
9~10日龄SPF鸡胚,购自北京勃林格殷格翰维通生物技术有限公司;DMEM培养基、1×PBS缓冲液、胰酶、胎牛血清,购自Gibco公司;T175细胞培养瓶,购自Corning公司;病毒RNA提取试剂盒,购自TIANGEN公司;黄热减毒活疫苗17D-204疫苗株,源自北京天坛生物制品股份有限公司。人血白蛋白,购自成都蓉生药业有限责任公司;Vero细胞,本虫媒病毒疫苗室保存。
取9~10日龄SPF鸡胚,用无菌的解剖剪将鸡蛋的顶部打开,剪掉膜上蛋壳,使膜保持完整。用无菌镊子将膜取掉。取出鸡胚,放入无菌的培养皿。加入1×PBS 20 mL冲洗1次,剪掉每个鸡胚的头、四肢及内脏,将剩余的鸡胚组织放入50 mL无菌烧杯中,将鸡胚组织剪成1 mm3左右小块,再用PBS 20 mL冲洗2次。将烧杯中的组织小块移到锥形瓶中,加入适量37 ℃的胰酶(每胚约加入胰酶4 mL),并在恒温水浴锅中37 ℃消化30~35 min,期间15 min轻摇1次。待组织体积增大,边缘出现毛边停止消化,小心倒出胰酶,用PBS 20 mL洗3次。小心倒出PBS,按每鸡胚30 mL加入适量的DMEM培养基(含10%胎牛血清),剧烈震荡,用吸管反复吹打数次使大部分组织小块分散成单细胞状态,用含12层纱布的漏斗过滤即得原代鸡胚细胞悬液。取细胞悬液20 μL与台酚蓝染色液20 μL混匀立即进行活细胞计数后,调整细胞密度至1.0~1.5×106个·mL-1接种细胞培养瓶。
待原代鸡胚细胞长满单层后,将17D-204疫苗株接种长满单层的原代鸡胚细胞,逐天观察细胞病变情况,每天取上清样品,采用蚀斑形成法进行17D-204鸡胚细胞适应株的筛选。取待测上清样品用DMEM培养基(含2%胎牛血清)进行10倍稀释,再进行4倍系列稀释,取3~4个适宜稀释度接种Vero细胞单层,每个稀释度病毒接种2孔,每孔0.4 mL,另设细胞对照2孔,置二氧化碳培养箱(36±1)℃吸附1 h,然后每孔加入0.75%羧甲基纤维素4 mL,于(35±1)℃继续培养7 d后倾去覆盖物,每孔加入10%结晶紫染色液约2 mL染色15 min,用自来水流水冲洗至无紫色,晾干,计数蚀斑数。
正常原代鸡胚细胞生长状态良好,细胞呈长梭形。感染17D-204疫苗株病毒后,可发现病变细胞逐日增多,3~5 d出现病变细胞圆缩脱落。本研究成功获得17D-204在原代鸡胚细胞上的适应株17D-204(CEC。正常原代鸡胚细胞和接种17D-204(CEC)的病变结果见图12
将黄热减毒活疫苗鸡胚细胞适应株17D-204(CEC)按照病毒感染复数(multiplicity of infection,MOI)0.003 2接种原代鸡胚细胞,并从接种后第2天至第9天每天取样,按“2.1”项下蚀斑形成法进行操作,将每天取得的样品用DMEM培养基(含2%胎牛血清)进行10倍系列稀释,取3~4个适宜稀释度接种Vero细胞单层,每个稀释度病毒接种2孔,每孔0.2 mL,另设细胞对照2孔,置二氧化碳培养箱(36±1)℃吸附1 h后每孔加入0.75%羧甲基纤维素4 mL,于(35±1)℃继续培养7 d,然后倾去覆盖物,每孔加入10%结晶紫染色液约2 mL染色15 min,用自来水流水冲洗至无紫色,计数蚀斑数,计算病毒滴度并绘制病毒增殖曲线。
结果显示17D-204(CEC)在原代鸡胚细胞于接种后第3天病毒滴度达到高峰。因此选择在接种后第3天进行病毒收获。病毒增殖曲线见图3
原代鸡胚细胞接种不同MOI的17D-204(CEC)后,经培养,根据增长曲线,分别于接种后第3、4、5天收获取上清,采用蚀斑形成法进行病毒滴度测定。根据病毒滴度与病毒在高峰后滴度下降的幅度,绘制不同MOI的17D-204(CEC)在鸡胚细胞上的增殖曲线,确定17D-204(CEC)接种原代鸡胚细胞的最适MOI。
按不同MOI接种原代鸡胚细胞后,结果显示(表1图4),病毒高峰均在第3天出现。根据病毒滴度与病毒在高峰后滴度下降的幅度,MOI为0.004 8 PFU·个-1时,第3天病毒滴度最高,可达6.10 lgPFU·mL-1。随后病毒滴度下降幅度最小(第3天至第5天病毒滴度下降0.8 lgPFU·mL-1)。因此确定最适MOI为0.004 8 PFU·个-1
按“2.1”项下方法制备浓度为1.0×106~1.5×106个·mL-1的原代鸡胚细胞悬液240 mL,分装至T175细胞培养瓶,按照最适MOI为0.004 8 PFU·个-1接种239代17D-204(CEC),于接种后第3天收获病毒液,分装至无菌离心管,每管40 mL,5 000 r·min-1离心10 min,取离心后的病毒液上清合并,加入终浓度为10%人血白蛋白,分装至冻存管,每支1.0 mL,制备黄热减毒活疫苗17D-204(CEC)原始种子批,-70 ℃以下冻存。用同样方法将原始种子接种鸡胚细胞制备主种子批(细胞悬液480 mL,接种17D-204(CEC)主种子批病毒,每支分装1.5 mL),将主种子批接种鸡胚细胞制备工作种子批(细胞悬液2 400 mL,接种17D-204(CEC)工作种子批病毒,每支分装10 mL)。
本研究共制备黄热减毒活疫苗17D-204(CEC)原代鸡胚细胞原始种子200支(每支1.0 mL)、主种子批300支(每支1.5 mL)、工作种子批220支(每支10 mL)。
取黄热减毒活疫苗17D-204(CEC)原始种子、主种子批、工作种子批,按照2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》三部黄热减毒活疫苗部分相应的检验方法(具体参照药典操作),分别进行病毒滴度测定(蚀斑形成法)、鉴别试验(蚀斑中和法)、无菌检查(通则1101)、支原体检查(通则3301)、外源病毒因子检查(通则3302)、分枝杆菌检查(直接接种法)等关键项目进行检定。结果显示17D-204(CEC)三级毒种库的鉴别试验的蚀斑减少率均为100%,病毒滴度分别为6.09、6.27、6.18 lgPFU·mL-1,符合“应不低于5.8 lgPFU·mL-1”的要求。无菌检查、支原体检查、分枝杆菌检查、外源病毒因子检查等关键质控项目结果也均符合规定。结果详见表2
制备浓度为1.0×106~1.5×106个·mL-1的原代鸡胚细胞悬液,接种17D-204(CEC)工作种子批,于接种后第3天收获病毒液,使17D-204(CEC)在原代鸡胚细胞上的传代。以同样方法连续传代7代,对每代进行病毒滴度测定,绘制传代稳定性图表。结果显示传代后黄热病毒滴度范围为5.44~6.31 lgPFU·mL-1,说明17D-204(CEC)在原代鸡胚细胞上具有较好的传代稳定性,具体结果如图5
按照TIANGEN公司病毒RNA提取试剂盒说明书,分别提取17D-204(CEC)原始种子、主代种子批、工作种子批RNA样本。用移液器将Carrier RNA工作液560 μL加入1个干净的1.5 mL离心管中。向离心管中加入平衡至室温的样本140 μL,涡旋振荡15 s混匀,在室温孵育10 min。加入无水乙醇560 μL,盖上管盖并涡旋振荡15 s。仔细将离心管中的1 260 μL液体分2次(每次630 μL)转移至RNase-Free吸附柱CR2(吸附柱放在收集管中),盖上管盖,8 000 r·min-1离心1 min,弃废液,将吸附柱放回收集管中。小心打开吸附附桂盖子,加入缓冲液GD(使用前已加入无水乙醇)500 μL,盖上管盖,8 000 r·min-1离心1 min,弃废液,将吸附柱放回收集管。小心打开吸附柱盖子,加入漂洗液RW(使用前已加入无水乙醇)500 μL,盖上管盖,8 000 r·min-1离心1 min,弃废液,将吸附柱放回收集管。重复漂洗1次,将吸附柱放回收集管中,12 000 r·min-1离心3 min,使吸附膜完全变干,弃废液。将吸附柱放入RNase-Free离心管(1.5 mL)中,小心打开吸附柱的盖子,向吸附膜的中间部位悬空滴加平衡至室温的RNase-Free ddH2O 50 μL,盖上盖子,室温放置5 min,8 000 r·min-1离心1 min。采用超微量分光光度计对提取的RNA样本进行浓度测定。高通量RNA测序由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司完成。获得黄热减毒活疫苗三级库病毒基因组序列后,用NCBI Blast+、MegAlign等生物学软件对三级库核酸序列进行比对分析。
提取的17D-204(CEC)原始种子、主种子批、工作种子批病毒RNA采用超微量分光光度法进行RNA浓度测定,结果见表3
结果显示,成功提取了17D-204(CEC)三级毒种库RNA样本。RNA的浓度均能够达到高通量RNA序列测定的要求。
采用新一代Illumina/Solexa测序平台进行高通量RNA测序[3-6],应用NCBI Blast+、MegAlign等生物学软件17D-204(CEC)三级毒种库全基因组核酸序列进行比对分析。测序和比对分析结果显示,测得YF17D-CEC的病毒基因组大小为10 862个核苷酸,GC含量为49.71%,该基因组无重复序列。序列比对分析17D-204(CEC)三级毒种库序列与YF/Vaccine/USA/Sanofi-Pasteur-17D-204/UF795AA/YFVax(GeneBank编号:JX503529.1)、YFV17D-204(GeneBank编号:KF769015.1)、YFV17D RKI(GeneBank编号:JN628279.1)同源性均为100%。三级毒种库之间未发生突变,说明17D-204(CEC)在原代鸡胚细胞基质上增殖有比较好的遗传稳定性。
原代鸡胚细胞对各类病毒广泛敏感且接种病毒不会产生针对性抗体,培养简便易操作[7],可用于流感病毒、狂犬病病毒、猴痘病毒、麻疹病毒、腮腺炎病毒、黄热病毒等多种病毒的培养[8-12],并已用于生产麻疹减毒活疫苗、腮腺炎减毒活疫苗等。
本研究首先利用黄热减毒活疫苗17D-204疫苗株在原代鸡胚细胞上适应和驯化培养,获得鸡胚细胞适应株17D-204(CEC),在原代鸡胚细胞于接种后第3天病毒滴度达到高峰,与李淑云、钱依韵等研究的结果[13-14]基本一致。在此基础上,建立17D-204(CEC)原始种子、主代种子批、工作种子批三级毒种库,并对三级毒种库进行关键项目质量控制,所检项目均符合2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》三部黄热减毒活疫苗相关规定。
病毒疫苗株的连续传代稳定性是决定该毒株能否实现从研发到生产的关键。确定生产用毒种能保持良好的传代稳定性是确保后续研制和生产顺利进行的基础[15]。如果一株病毒株在传代过程中病毒滴度不稳定,尤其是出现病毒滴度降低趋势,就会局限它的使用。将17D-204(CEC)工作种子批病毒在原代鸡胚细胞上连续传代7代后,病毒滴度依然稳定,病毒滴度范围5.44~6.31 lgPFU·mL-1,说明17D-204(CEC)在原代鸡胚细胞上具有较好的传代稳定性。
减毒活疫苗基因组的遗传稳定性是评价减毒活疫苗安全性和免疫原性的关键指标。如果一株病毒株在传代增殖过程中容易发生基因变异,导致毒力变化和免疫原性降低,就会局限它的使用次数,甚至不能用于生产疫苗。世界卫生组织建议新的主种子和工作种子批应该进行病毒基因组测序,以检查疫苗的遗传稳定性[16]。本研究测序结果显示17D-204(CEC)毒种库基因组与NCBI GeneBank数据库中的YFV17D RKI株(GeneBank编号:JN628279.1)、YFV17D-204株(GeneBank编号:KF769015.1)、YF/Vaccine/USA/Sanofi-Pasteur-17D-204/UF795AA/YFVax(GeneBank编号:JX503529.1)同源性均为100%。三级毒种库之间未发生突变,也未发现内、外源病毒因子污染。说明17D-204(CEC)基因组在原代鸡胚细胞基质上传代增殖遗传稳定性良好。利用高通量RNA测序技术可快速检测17D-204(CEC)三级毒种库全基因组信息,序列分析数据可用于黄热减毒活疫苗毒种库的遗传稳定性监测,对17D-204(CEC)毒种在基因水平进行质量控制。
鸡胚细胞有可能取代鸡胚卵黄囊制备黄热减毒活疫苗。这种疫苗比鸡胚卵黄囊疫苗更安全,在质量控制上具有明显优势。本研究为进一步深入研究鸡胚细胞替代鸡胚卵黄囊制备黄热减毒活疫苗,提高生产能力,实现黄热减毒活疫苗真正的升级换代奠定了基础。
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2022-0451
  • 首发时间:2026-03-15
  • 出版时间:2024-10-31
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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