Article(id=1239256898915070310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239256891017195761, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.06.02, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1701360000000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773391468981, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1719676800000, pubDateStr=2024-06-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773391468981, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773391468981, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773391468981, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239256891017195761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2024', volume='44', issue='6', pageStart='921', pageEnd='1104', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773391467098, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773391544580, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239257216084144253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239256891017195761, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239257216084144254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239256891017195761, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=929, endPage=937, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239256900144001395, articleId=1239256898915070310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Screening and validation of anti-vascular disease active components from Semen raphani based on HUVEC cell membrane chromatography*, columnId=1239256891872833779, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Ingredient Analysi, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective:

To establish a method for determination of potential anti-vascular disease active components of Semen raphani based on cell membrane chromatographic (CMC) model of human umbilical vein cell (HUVEC).

Methods:

The HUVEC cell membrane chromatography coupled with HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS system were used to screen the active components of Semen raphani. The selected active components were further applied to ox-LDL induced HUVEC to verify their protective effects.

Results:

Two retained components were selected from Semen raphani by this method. One component was identified as erucinic acid by comparing with the reference material. Compared with the model group, the cell survival rates of the erucinic acid pretreatment groups increased significantly. The amount of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Bcl-2 protein levels decreased and Bax protein levels increased, with statistical significance (P<0.05).

Conclusion:

The method can rapidly obtain active ingredients from complex traditional Chinese medicines. It provides a reference for the application of cell membrane chromatography and the development of Semen raphani.

, correspAuthors=Chang-he LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hua-ni LI, Chang-he LIU, Dan-dan JIAN, Sheng-hu CHEN, Wen-jing GE, Xue-xia ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1239256901951746548, articleId=1239256898915070310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=基于HUVEC细胞膜色谱的莱菔子中抗血管性疾病活性成分筛选及验证*, columnId=1206272756476342615, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=成分分析, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的:

构建人脐静脉细胞膜色谱(HUVEC/CMC)模型,并将其应用于莱菔子中抗血管性疾病活性成分的快速筛选。

方法:

采用HUVEC/CMC模型二维在线联用HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统对莱菔子活性成分进行分离、筛选和鉴定,并将筛选的活性成分进一步作用于氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)诱导的HUVEC,验证其保护作用。

结果:

利用所建立的方法从莱菔子中共筛选出2个保留组分,通过与对照品比对,鉴定出1个成分为芥子酸。与模型组比较,芥子酸低、中、高预处理组细胞存活率显著增加,细胞中ICAM-1和VCAM-1的含量下降,并呈剂量依赖性;Bcl-2蛋白表达水平下降、Bax蛋白表达升高,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论:

构建的HUVEC/CMC在线联用HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统可用于快速筛选复杂中药体系中活性成分,为细胞膜色谱的应用和莱菔子的开发提供了参考。

, correspAuthors=刘长河, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
** Tel:13939016319;E-mail:
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Tel: (0371)66336558;E-mail:

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CMC.HUVEC/CMC柱(HUVEC/CMC column) ODS.ODS色谱柱(ODS column) EC1和EC2.ODS富集柱(enrichment column) Pump1和Pump2分别为一维液相色谱泵和二维液相色谱泵(pump of the first and second dimension) UV.紫外检测器(ultraviolet detector) DAD.二极管阵列检测器(diode-array detector) MS.质谱仪(mass spectrometer)

, figureFileSmall=g0STkMfDewsLNxeJ6l+aNg==, figureFileBig=fMS2ftpwNiPO6Al11qn6pg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239268351596359928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239256898915070310, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Chromatograms of Semen raphani extract analyzed by HUVEC/CMC coupled with HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS system, figureFileSmall=4YqRWg0iw2S/8OuIQoicUQ==, figureFileBig=tmPUiBlIfG3Z2MTzmJErOA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239268351713800448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239256898915070310, language=CN, label=图2, caption=莱菔子提取物在HUVEC/CMC-HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统上分析的二维色谱图

A.HUVEC/CMC柱(HUVEC/CMC column) B.HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS(HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS) C.保留组分(R1) 在HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统(retained fraction by HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS)

, figureFileSmall=4YqRWg0iw2S/8OuIQoicUQ==, figureFileBig=tmPUiBlIfG3Z2MTzmJErOA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239268351818658052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239256898915070310, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Chromatograms of erucinic acid analyzed by HUVEC/CMC coupled with HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS system, figureFileSmall=J4dWWe3tUDeQtnixZEKoxQ==, figureFileBig=tfc1UKvjP/lExJs0bKbHmw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239268351927709967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239256898915070310, language=CN, label=图3, caption=芥子酸在HUVEC/CMC-HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统上分析的二维色谱图

A.HUVEC/CMC柱(HUVEC/CMC column) B.HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS C.保留组分(R) 在HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS(retained fraction by HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS)

, figureFileSmall=J4dWWe3tUDeQtnixZEKoxQ==, figureFileBig=tfc1UKvjP/lExJs0bKbHmw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239268352032567571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239256898915070310, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=LC-MS/MS diagrams of intracellular components of HUVEC, figureFileSmall=rXABPlMtABt1cmrJZ7jX1w==, figureFileBig=HmlKS40PV6vBi8xsxyp5uw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239268352179368222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239256898915070310, language=CN, label=图4, caption=HUVEC胞内成分的色谱图

1.芥子酸(erucinic acid)

, figureFileSmall=rXABPlMtABt1cmrJZ7jX1w==, figureFileBig=HmlKS40PV6vBi8xsxyp5uw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239268352313585960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239256898915070310, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effects of erucinic acid on ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the supernatant of HUVEC injured by ox-LDL, figureFileSmall=zbtDlhuKBKUe9ZfcpJOXlg==, figureFileBig=9lpUDNg5CDGgL5gQjaDQ5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239268352468775220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239256898915070310, language=CN, label=图5, caption=芥子酸对ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC中ICAM-1和VCAM-1含量的影响

与空白组比较,##P<0.01;与模型组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01 (compared with blank group,##P<0.01;compared with model group,*P<0.05,**P<0.01)

, figureFileSmall=zbtDlhuKBKUe9ZfcpJOXlg==, figureFileBig=9lpUDNg5CDGgL5gQjaDQ5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239268352586215741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239256898915070310, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effects of erucinic acid on the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in HUVEC induced by ox-LDL, figureFileSmall=MHYymdRItPWaRcX57mInQw==, figureFileBig=GtwuoCQFUdWr356Suks0YQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239268352699461958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239256898915070310, language=CN, label=图6, caption=芥子酸对ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC中Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达水平的影响

A、B.Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达水平(expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins);与空白组比较,#P<0.01,##P<0.01;与模型组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01;(compared with blank group,#P<0.01,##P<0.01;compared with model group,*P<0.05,**P<0.01)。

, figureFileSmall=MHYymdRItPWaRcX57mInQw==, figureFileBig=GtwuoCQFUdWr356Suks0YQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239268352783348046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239256898915070310, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Effect of erucinic acid on viability in HUVEC damaged by ox-LDL

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别
(group)
细胞存活率
(cell survival rate)/%
空白组(control group)94.3±3.21
模型组(model group)47.6±2.5*
芥子酸2 μmol·L-1组(2 μmol·L-1erucinic acid group)63.0±3.0**
芥子酸10 μmol·L-1组(10 μmol·L-1erucinic acid group)74.7±2.52**
芥子酸50 μmol·L-1组(50 μmol·L-1erucinic acid group)76.3±4.16**
), ArticleFig(id=1239268352900788563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239256898915070310, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

芥子酸对ox-LDL损伤的HUVEC存活率影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别
(group)
细胞存活率
(cell survival rate)/%
空白组(control group)94.3±3.21
模型组(model group)47.6±2.5*
芥子酸2 μmol·L-1组(2 μmol·L-1erucinic acid group)63.0±3.0**
芥子酸10 μmol·L-1组(10 μmol·L-1erucinic acid group)74.7±2.52**
芥子酸50 μmol·L-1组(50 μmol·L-1erucinic acid group)76.3±4.16**
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基于HUVEC细胞膜色谱的莱菔子中抗血管性疾病活性成分筛选及验证*
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李华妮 1, 2 , 刘长河 1, 2, ** , 菅单单 3 , 陈胜虎 3 , 葛文静 1, 2 , 张雪侠 1, 2
药物分析杂志 | 成分分析 2024,44(6): 929-937
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药物分析杂志 | 成分分析 2024, 44(6): 929-937
基于HUVEC细胞膜色谱的莱菔子中抗血管性疾病活性成分筛选及验证*
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李华妮1, 2 , 刘长河1, 2, ** , 菅单单3, 陈胜虎3, 葛文静1, 2, 张雪侠1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.河南省中西医结合医院 河南省中医药研究院,郑州 450004
  • 2.河南省中药制剂工程技术研究中心,郑州 450004
  • 3.河南大学药学院,开封 475004
  • Tel: (0371)66336558;E-mail:

通讯作者:

** Tel:13939016319;E-mail:
Screening and validation of anti-vascular disease active components from Semen raphani based on HUVEC cell membrane chromatography*
Hua-ni LI1, 2 , Chang-he LIU1, 2, ** , Dan-dan JIAN3, Sheng-hu CHEN3, Wen-jing GE1, 2, Xue-xia ZHANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.Henan Integrative Medicine Hospital/Henan Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Zhengzhou 450004, China
  • 2.Henan Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation, Zhengzhou 450004, China
  • 3.Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
出版时间: 2024-06-30 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.06.02
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目的:

构建人脐静脉细胞膜色谱(HUVEC/CMC)模型,并将其应用于莱菔子中抗血管性疾病活性成分的快速筛选。

方法:

采用HUVEC/CMC模型二维在线联用HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统对莱菔子活性成分进行分离、筛选和鉴定,并将筛选的活性成分进一步作用于氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)诱导的HUVEC,验证其保护作用。

结果:

利用所建立的方法从莱菔子中共筛选出2个保留组分,通过与对照品比对,鉴定出1个成分为芥子酸。与模型组比较,芥子酸低、中、高预处理组细胞存活率显著增加,细胞中ICAM-1和VCAM-1的含量下降,并呈剂量依赖性;Bcl-2蛋白表达水平下降、Bax蛋白表达升高,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论:

构建的HUVEC/CMC在线联用HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统可用于快速筛选复杂中药体系中活性成分,为细胞膜色谱的应用和莱菔子的开发提供了参考。

莱菔子  /  细胞膜色谱  /  芥子酸  /  人脐静脉内皮细胞
Objective:

To establish a method for determination of potential anti-vascular disease active components of Semen raphani based on cell membrane chromatographic (CMC) model of human umbilical vein cell (HUVEC).

Methods:

The HUVEC cell membrane chromatography coupled with HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS system were used to screen the active components of Semen raphani. The selected active components were further applied to ox-LDL induced HUVEC to verify their protective effects.

Results:

Two retained components were selected from Semen raphani by this method. One component was identified as erucinic acid by comparing with the reference material. Compared with the model group, the cell survival rates of the erucinic acid pretreatment groups increased significantly. The amount of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Bcl-2 protein levels decreased and Bax protein levels increased, with statistical significance (P<0.05).

Conclusion:

The method can rapidly obtain active ingredients from complex traditional Chinese medicines. It provides a reference for the application of cell membrane chromatography and the development of Semen raphani.

Semen raphani  /  cell membrane chromatography  /  erucinic acid  /  human umbilical vein cell
李华妮, 刘长河, 菅单单, 陈胜虎, 葛文静, 张雪侠. 基于HUVEC细胞膜色谱的莱菔子中抗血管性疾病活性成分筛选及验证*. 药物分析杂志, 2024 , 44 (6) : 929 -937 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.06.02
Hua-ni LI, Chang-he LIU, Dan-dan JIAN, Sheng-hu CHEN, Wen-jing GE, Xue-xia ZHANG. Screening and validation of anti-vascular disease active components from Semen raphani based on HUVEC cell membrane chromatography*[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2024 , 44 (6) : 929 -937 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.06.02
莱菔子为十字花科植物萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)的干燥成熟种子,主要含有硫苷类、生物碱类、黄酮类和脂肪酸类等成分[1-4],具有降血压、降血糖、抗炎、抗肿瘤和消食等药理作用[5-9]。有文献报道,从莱菔子中分离出的芥子碱硫氰酸盐或芥子碱氯化盐具有降压、抑制动脉粥样硬化等药理作用,但是其作用靶点尚不明确[10-11]。因此,亟需建立基于特定生物靶点的方法筛选天然药物复杂体系中的活性化合物。
细胞膜色谱(cell membrane chromatography,CMC)是将细胞膜固定在硅胶载体表面制备色谱固定相的一种生物亲和色谱方法[12]。活性成分与某些受体之间存在相互作用,可以通过它们在CMC中的保留行为来进行研究。人脐静脉内皮细胞是心脑血管疾病的重要靶标细胞,其细胞膜膜含有丰富的β1肾上腺素受体(β1-AR)受体,具有多种生理功能,与人脐静脉内皮细胞亲和的成分可能成为抗心脑血管疾病的药物[13]。本研究拟利用HUVEC细胞建立HUVEC/CMC模型,通过十通阀将CMC模型与液相色谱-质谱联用仪构成HUVEC/CMC在线联用HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统,用于筛选莱菔子中抗心脑血管疾病的潜在活性成分;采用ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC损伤模型,对筛选结果进行体内药效验证。
莱菔子(郑州当地药店购买,经河南省中医药研究院刘杰研究员鉴定为莱菔子Raphanus sativus L.)、芥子酸(纯度≥98%,批号PS020720,成都普思生物科技有限公司)、盐酸普萘洛尔片(江苏亚邦爱普森药业有限公司,10 mg·片-1,批号200102)、胎牛血清(LONSA SCIENCE SRL,批号TC03634)、DMEM培养基(北京赛默飞世尔生物化学制品有限公司,批号8123503)、胰蛋白酶-EDTA消化液(北京索莱宝科技有限公司,批号T1320)、细胞间黏附分子1(ICAM-1)和血管内皮细胞黏附分子1(VCAM-1)试剂盒(ELK Biotechnology,批号52377652、52400211),促凋亡基因(Bax)兔多克隆抗体和抑制凋亡基因(Bcl-2)兔多克隆抗体(ELK Biotechnology,批号52401171、52401176)、GAPDH兔多克隆抗体(杭州贤至生物科技有限公司,批号AB-P-R001),BCA定量试剂盒(雷根生物科技有限公司,批号PT0001)、ECL化学发光底物试剂盒(北京兰杰柯科技有限公司,批号BL520A),甲醇、乙腈均为色谱纯,大孔球形硅胶(型号ZEX-Ⅱ,5 μm,青岛美高集团有限公司)。
HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS液相色谱-质谱联用仪(Shimadzu公司)、JY92Ⅱ细胞粉碎仪(宁波新芝公司)、2K15型冷冻离心机(Sigma公司)、ELX800型全功能酶标仪(BioTek公司)、HF160W型CO2培养箱(上海力申科学仪器有限公司)。
HUVEC株,购自江苏恩莫阿赛生物技术有限公司。
称取莱菔子药材1 000 g,加入10倍量蒸馏水浸泡1 h,回流提取3次,每次1 h,合并3次提取液,浓缩至浓度为1 g·mL-1的药液。取适量的大孔树脂DM101,95%乙醇浸泡24 h后湿法装柱,采用蒸馏水冲洗至无醇味,加入1 g·mL-1药液,用蒸馏水冲洗至洗脱液无色后,加入90%乙醇洗脱,当流出的洗脱液无色时停止洗脱,收集90%乙醇洗脱液,回收乙醇,浓缩液减压干燥,即得莱菔子提取物(1 000 g莱菔子提取得到约20 g提取物干粉,出膏率为2%)。精密称取莱菔子提取物样品适量,用甲醇制成1 mg·mL-1供试品储备液,备用。
精密称定芥子酸、盐酸普萘洛尔对照品适量,用甲醇制成1 mg·mL-1对照品储备液,待分析时采用甲醇稀释至适宜的浓度。
Tris-HCl低渗液:称取三羟甲基氨基甲烷(Tris) 1.21 g,氯化钾 0.74 g,七水硫酸镁 0.50 g,溶于超纯水1 000 mL中,然后用盐酸调节pH为7.4,置于4 ℃储存,备用。
HUVEC于37 ℃、5%二氧化碳及饱和湿度条件下,培养于DMEM培养基中(含有10%胎牛血清、100 U·mL-1青霉素和100 U·mL-1链霉素)。试验用HUVEC均取自对数生长期的细胞。当细胞生长至约80%时,用0.25%胰蛋白酶消化液消化,然后用少量DMEM培养基吹打细胞,制成单细胞悬液,计数,使总细胞数不低于1×107个。将收集的细胞悬液于4 ℃、1 000 g离心10 min,倾出上清液,所得沉淀物即为HUVEC。用生理盐水将其离心洗涤2次,加入Tris-HCl低渗液,超声(250 W,20 kHz)30 min破碎细胞后匀浆。混悬液于4 ℃、1 000 g离心10 min,细胞膜悬浮在上清液,收集上清液,于4 ℃、12 000 g离心20 min,弃上清液,所得沉淀即为细胞膜,加入预冷的生理盐水5 mL重悬沉淀,得细胞膜悬液。将细胞膜悬液5 mL在真空条件下缓慢加入到25 mL具支试管中(内含50 mg已活化的大孔球形硅胶)中,涡旋5 min,然后将反应混合物转移至10 mL离心管中,于4 ℃条件下磁力搅拌0.5 h后,4 ℃静置过夜。次日,采取湿法装柱得到HUVEC/CMC柱。
第一维色谱条件:HUVEC/CMC柱,流动相为超纯水,流速为0.2 mL·min-1,柱温37℃,盐酸普萘洛尔检测波长为290 nm,芥子酸检测波长为320 nm。
二维色谱:Inertsil ODS (150 mm×35 nm,4.6 μm) 色谱柱,流动相为乙腈(A)-0.1%乙酸水(B),梯度洗脱(0~15 min,5% A→10% A,15~17 min;10% A→12.5% A,17~27 min,12.5% A→14% A;27~55 min,14% A→25% A;55~65 min,25% A→55% A),流速0.2 mL·min-1,柱温37 ℃。
质谱:电喷雾离子源;雾化气(1.5 L·min-1)和干燥气(109 kPa)均为高纯度氮气,纯度>99.999%;接口电压和检测器电压分别为4.5 kV和1.57 kV;加热模块温度和CDL管温度均为200 ℃;CID碰撞气体为高纯度氩气,纯度>99.999%,能量设为50%;离子累积时间设置为30.0 ms;正、负离子扫描模式,扫描范围m/z 100~1 000。
一维CMC色谱系统与二维HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统通过十通阀及富集柱连接,以实现一维CMC系统的保留成分经过富集柱在线富集后切换到二维系统进行进一步分离及鉴定。
取对数生长期的HUVEC,胰蛋白酶消化后,以6×105·mL-1的密度接种于6孔细胞培养板中,贴壁生长后给予10 μg·mL-1莱菔子提取物,给药前取空白细胞,给药后继续培养24 h,吸弃上清液,用磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PBS)清洗2次,在4 ℃条件下向6孔板内加入细胞裂解液,裂解30 min后进行超声(200 W,20 kHz)破碎,裂解液13 000 r·min-1离心10 min,然后取细胞裂解上清液100 μL,加入乙睛400 μL后震荡3 min,13 000 r·min-1离心10 min,上清液采用氮气吹干,残渣加甲醇复溶后过0.22 μm滤膜进行LC-MS/MS分析。
取对数生长期的HUVEC,胰蛋白酶消化后,以1×105·mL-1的密度接种于96孔细胞培养板中,每孔接种100 μL,贴壁生长后,实验分为空白组,模型组(160 μmol·L-1氧化低密度脂蛋白),活性成分低、中、高剂量组(2、10、50 μmol·L-1芥子酸分别加160 μmol·L-1氧化低密度脂蛋白),空白组加入等量的空白培养基。
将各组细胞以1×105·mL-1的密度接种于96孔细胞培养板中并置于细胞培养箱培养24 h,待细胞生长至融合度约80%时,按“2.5”项下方法处理细胞,培养箱中培养24 h,每孔加入3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT)溶液20 μL,孵育4 h后吸弃上清,随后加入DMSO 20 μL并室温震荡10 min,570 nm波长下测定各孔吸收度(A)。
将各组细胞以1×105·mL-1的密度接种于6孔细胞培养板中并置于细胞培养箱培养24 h,待细胞生长至融合度约80%时,按“2.5”项下方法处理细胞24 h,收集上清液,ELISA法检测上清液中ICAM-1和VCAM-1的含量,实验操作均按照说明书进行。
取对数生长期的HUVEC,以1×105·mL-1的密度接种于6孔细胞培养板中,37 ℃、5%CO2条件下培养24 h,吸弃上清液,用PBS缓冲液清洗2次,按“2.5”项下分组及药物继续培养24 h,收集细胞,在4 ℃条件下向6孔板内加入细胞裂解液,裂解20 min后收集上清液并采用BCA蛋白检测试剂盒测定蛋白浓度。细胞裂解液经5×蛋白上样缓冲液变性后进行SDS-PAGE电泳,然后低温将蛋白转至0.45 μm PVDF膜,5%脱脂奶粉封闭1 h,分别加入抗体Bcl-2(1∶1 000)、Bax(1∶5 000)、GAPDH(1∶1 000),4 ℃过夜后采用含100 mmol·L-1 Tris,1.5 mol·L-1氯化钠和0.5%吐温-20的洗液洗膜3次,每次6 min,加入二抗(1∶5 000)室温孵育1 h,洗膜,然后加入增强型化学发光液(ECL)进行暗室成像。
实验数据以均值±标准差()表示,Graph Prism 10.0软件作图,两组之间比较采用t检验,多组间比较采用one-way ANOVA分析,P<0.05说明差异具有统计学意义。
利用十通阀将HUVEC细胞膜色谱柱与HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统构建二维在线HUVEC/CMC-HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统,示意图如图1。采用选择性作用于β1-AR受体的药物盐酸普萘洛尔考察该系统的适用性。盐酸普萘洛尔在HUVEC细胞膜色谱柱上有很好的保留,说明所建立的HUVEC/CMC-HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统可以对与β1-AR受体相互作用的组分进行较好的识别。
对于同一根HUVEC/CMC柱,连续进样5次0.01 mg·mL-1盐酸普萘洛尔10 μL,以盐酸普萘洛尔的保留时间为指标,考察柱内重现性[14]。结果5次进样的保留时间的RSD为2.6%。按照“2.2”项下方法制备3根HUVEC/CMC柱,在相同的色谱条件下,进样0.01 mg·mL-1的盐酸普萘洛尔10 μL,以盐酸普萘洛尔的保留时间为指标,考察柱间重现性,结果3根HUVEC/CMC柱的保留时间的RSD为3.7%。对同一根HUVEC/CMC柱,连续分析盐酸普萘洛尔样品,在72 h内,盐酸普萘洛尔在CMC柱上均有较好的保留。
综上所述,本研究所建立的HUVEC/CMC柱模型可特异性性识别作用于β1-AR受体的盐酸普萘洛尔,且HUVEC/CMC柱的柱内及柱间重现性良好,且细胞膜柱的活性时间也能满足实验需求。
利用验证过的HUVEC/CMC-online-HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统对莱菔子提取物进行筛选,如图2-A为莱菔子提取物在HUVEC/CMC柱上的色谱图,包含非保留组分R0和保留组分R1(保留时间约为3 min);图2-B是莱菔子提取物在HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS色谱图;图2-C 为保留组分R1经富集柱富集、十通阀切换进入HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统后的色谱图,筛选出了2种保留成分,经质谱分析和对照品比对,指认出保留组分1为芥子酸。
为了验证上述保留组分筛选的准确性,采用相同条件的HUVEC/CMC-online-HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统对芥子酸对照品溶液进行分析,结果见图3,芥子酸对照品与莱菔子提取物的保留组分具有相同的保留行为和质谱信息,因此,确定莱菔子中潜在的活性成分为芥子酸。
空白细胞色谱图及含药细胞色谱图见图4,含药细胞内可检测到芥子酸。
与空白组比较,模型组HUVEC存活率显著降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,芥子酸低、中、高剂量组能显著提高HUVEC存活率(P<0.05,P<0.01)。见表1
实验选取HUVEC细胞,考察芥子酸对ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC损伤的保护作用,结果如图5,在剂量2~50 μmol·L-1芥子酸作用下,HUVEC中ICAM-1和VCAM-1的表达与模型组差异有统计学意义,且随着芥子酸浓度的增加,ICAM-1和VCAM-1的表达量逐渐下降,具有剂量依赖性。
与空白组比较,模型组HUVEC内Bcl-2蛋白表达水平显著下降、Bax蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与模型组比较,低、中、高剂量组细胞内Bax蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),高剂量组细胞内Bcl-2蛋白显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),结果见图6
莱菔子中主要含有主要含有硫苷类、生物碱类、黄酮类和脂肪酸类等成分,目前,对莱菔子的研究多集中在莱菔子的有效部位或芥子碱硫氰酸盐、芥子碱氯化盐、芥子酸、萝卜硫苷等主要成分的定量研究或相关药理作用研究。莱菔子中活性成分作用靶点的研究较少。早在1996年,贺浪冲教授和他的团队发明了CMC技术,该技术不仅具有色谱的分离能力,还兼具生物活性,是一种从复杂中药体系快速筛选活性成分的有效方法[15]。CMC技术自问世以来,经历了从一维到多维、从线下到线上的发展,实现了高通量筛选[16-17]。此外,CMC也从多靶点发展到特异靶点,其特异性在不断提高[18]。将来CMC应该从未知的受体数量发展到可控的受体数量,从而大大提高分析的准确性。基于药物与膜受体之间的特异性识别或亲和力,CMC可以帮助快速筛选复杂样品中可以结合靶膜受体的活性成分。因此,CMC为复杂样品中的靶点鉴定、创新药物发现、药物机制研究和药物质量控制提供了有效的分析方法。HUVEC细胞含有丰富的β1-AR受体,即β1-AR受体高表达细胞,是研究心脑血管疾病常用的细胞类型。Zhang等[13]采用HUVEC/CMC-LC-LC/MS2快速筛选和鉴定了葛根治疗心脑血管疾病的4种有效成分。本研究建立了HUVEC/CMC在线联用HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统,从莱菔子中筛选出的抗心脑血管疾病组分为芥子酸,说明了HUVEC/CMC-HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统可以快速地从复杂天然药物中筛选目标成分,相比于传统复杂样本中的活性成分筛选,大大节约了时间。后期将构建过表达β1-AR受体的细胞,明确芥子酸的结合受体。
芥子碱硫氰酸盐或芥子碱氯化盐具有降压、抑制动脉粥样硬化等药理作用[10-11]。查阅文献可知,芥子碱是芥子酸与胆碱形成的酯,两者在体内可以发生相互转化[19-20]。本研究发现芥子酸可以与HUVEC膜受体结合,并且在细胞内能检测到芥子酸,推测芥子碱可能通过水解或酶解的方式转换成芥子酸进入细胞内发挥药理作用。
ox-LDL损伤HUVEC后,可诱导炎症性因子的释放,其中就包括VCAM-1和ICAM-1等。细胞粘附因子在细胞信号传导与活化、凝血和血栓形成、组织损伤修复等生理和病理过程中发挥重要作用,当机体内黏附分子水平升高时,很容易形成血栓。ICAM-1主要分布于上皮细胞、内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞等,其血清含量升高提示单核细胞、内皮细胞和淋巴细胞的黏附作用增强[21];VCAM-1可介导单核细胞、内皮细胞和淋巴细胞等的黏附作用,脱落于血管内皮细胞表面的VCAM-1能够促进区域内血小板聚集,从而加速血栓形成[22]。本研究对芥子酸的活性进行了评价,发现芥子酸在剂量2~50 μmol·L-1范围内显著下调ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC中ICAM-1和VCAM-1的表达,并呈剂量依赖性,提示芥子酸可能通过调节黏附分子的分泌减轻内皮细胞损伤。
β1-AR是细胞膜上的G偶联蛋白受体,在心肌细胞及血管内皮细胞凋亡的发展过程中起重要调控作用[23-24]。在细胞凋亡的发生进程中,Bax、Bcl-2是调节线粒体凋亡途径的关键信号因子,Bcl-2/Bax比例失衡,将诱导细胞凋亡、抑制细胞增殖[25-26]。实验结果发现,ox-LDL可以使HUVEC中Bcl-2蛋白表达水平显著下降,Bax蛋白表达显著升高,细胞存活率显著下降;经不同浓度芥子酸处理后,低、中、高剂量组细胞内Bax蛋白表达显著降低,高剂量组细胞内Bcl-2蛋白显著升高,提示芥子酸可通过调节Bcl-2/Bax通路减轻细胞损伤。本文后期将深一步研究β1-AR受体和Bcl-2/Bax蛋白之间的关系,明确芥子酸减轻ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC损伤的具体作用机制。
综上所述,本研究采用CMC模型与液相色谱-质谱联用仪构成HUVEC/CMC在线联用HPLC-ESI IT TOF MS系统,可快速筛选莱菔子中抗心脑血管疾病的潜在活性成分,且活性成分芥子酸可通过调节Bcl-2/Bax通路减轻ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC损伤。
  • *河南省自然科学基金(232300421318)
  • 河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(20-21ZY2262)
  • 河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(2022ZY1148)
  • 河南省基本科研业务费(2304574)
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2024年第44卷第6期
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.06.02
  • 接收时间:2023-12-01
  • 首发时间:2026-03-13
  • 出版时间:2024-06-30
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-01
基金
*河南省自然科学基金(232300421318)
河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(20-21ZY2262)
河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(2022ZY1148)
河南省基本科研业务费(2304574)
作者信息
    1.河南省中西医结合医院 河南省中医药研究院,郑州 450004
    2.河南省中药制剂工程技术研究中心,郑州 450004
    3.河南大学药学院,开封 475004

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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genus
种数
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species
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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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