Article(id=1239231273630233099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239231265254207730, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0470, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1689955200000, receivedDateStr=2023-07-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773385359437, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1725033600000, pubDateStr=2024-08-31, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773385359437, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773385359437, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773385359437, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239231265254207730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2024', volume='44', issue='8', pageStart='1285', pageEnd='1462', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=0, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773385357440, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773385579800, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239232197937393856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239231265254207730, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239232197937393857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239231265254207730, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1331, endPage=1342, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239231274922078768, articleId=1239231273630233099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS with SWATH method for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of chemical constituents in Elephantopi Herba, columnId=1239148838318043851, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Ingredient Analys, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective:

To systematically characterize and simultaneous determine 13 chemical components (neochlorogenic acid,chlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,luteolin-7-glucuronide,cynaroside,isochlorogenic acid B,isochlorogenic acid A,apigenin-7-glucuronide,isochlorogenic acid C,deoxyelephantopin,isodeoxyelephantopin,isoscabertopin and scabertopin) in Elephantopi Herba based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS).

Methods:

UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS technology combined with sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH) mode was used to collect data of different batches of Elephantopi Herba samples. The separation was performed on a Waters HSS T3 C18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm) column with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid water solution. The flow rate of gradient elution was 0.4 mL·min-1,the column temperature was 35 ℃ and the injection volume was 2 μL. The electrospray ionization (ESI) source was employed to collect data under both positive and negative ion modes. With reference to reference substances and relevant literatures,chemical components in Elephantopi Herba were identified. At the same time,the determination method for 13 chemical components in Elephantopi Herba was established and validated.

Results:

In this study,the cleavage patterns of different classes of compounds were summarized,and 36 chemical components were initially identified,including 20 organic acids,7 flavonoids,6 sesquiterpene lactones,1 coumarin and 2 other components. All of the analytes showed good linearity (r≥0.999 0) in the tested ranges. The precision,repeatability and stability of the method were good for the 13 components. The average recoveries were in the range of 94.9%-103.5% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ≤3.8%. The chemical compositions of different batches of Elephantopi Herba were basically similar,but there were certain differences in the contents of 13 components.

Conclusion:

In this study,comprehensive characterization of the chemical constituents and relative quantitative analysis of Elephantopi Herba are carried out,and a rapid and efficient qualitative analysis method of Elephantopi Herba is established by UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS,which provides a reference for the screening and rational exploitation of the medicinal substances of Elephantopi Herba,and methodological reference and data support for the quality control and development of Elephantopi Herba.

, correspAuthors=Ya-qin ZHEN, Li-ying NIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jia-hui GUO, Yu-luo CAI, Wei TIAN, Le GAO, Bao-lin LI, Ya-qin ZHEN, Li-ying NIU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1239231276041958008, articleId=1239231273630233099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=基于UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS技术结合SWATH采集法同时定性定量分析地胆草中的化学成分*, columnId=1206272756476342615, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=成分分析, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的:

基于超高效液相色谱串联四极杆飞行时间质谱联用(UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS)技术,系统表征地胆草中化学成分并同时测定其中13个化学成分(新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸、木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷、木犀草苷、异绿原酸B、异绿原酸A、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷、异绿原酸C、去氧地胆草素、异去氧地胆草素、异地胆草种内酯、地胆草种内酯)的含量。

方法:

采用UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS技术,结合顺序窗口采集所有理论质谱模式(SWATH),采集不同批次地胆草样品的数据。使用Waters HSS T3 C18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm)色谱柱,以乙腈(A)-0.1%甲酸水溶液(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速0.4 mL·min-1,柱温35 ℃,进样量2 μL。采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),正、负离子模式下采集数据。结合对照品信息,参考相关文献完成对地胆草中化学成分的结构鉴定。同时建立地胆草中13个化学成分的含量测定方法并进行方法学考察。

结果:

地胆草中初步鉴定出36个化学成分,其中包括有机酸类20个,黄酮类7个,倍半萜内酯类6个,香豆素类1个及其他成分2个;含量测定的13个成分在测定浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数≥0.999 0,精密度、稳定性、重复性等均符合要求,平均加样回收率为94.9%~103.5%,RSD≤3.8%。不同批次地胆草所含化学成分基本相似,但13个成分的含量存在一定差异。

结论:

本研究建立的UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS方法,可同时对地胆草进行定性定量分析,方法灵敏准确,稳定性和重复性良好,可以为地胆草的质量控制及开发提供方法参考及数据支撑。

, correspAuthors=甄亚钦, 牛丽颖, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
** 甄亚钦 Tel:(0311)89926890;E-mail:
牛丽颖 Tel:(0311)89926548;E-mail:
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Tel:18032132380;E-mail:

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A.负离子(negative ion) B.正离子(positive ion)

, figureFileSmall=AMXm/FH+oktz0SMbOaj4SQ==, figureFileBig=aLLYTSsgttpBDKk2zqt5MQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239231283226801074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231273630233099, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Total ion chromatograms of the mixed reference substances, figureFileSmall=isADIXi5PcbLxtD64rjQog==, figureFileBig=pJzChFmEXqepBCmLkVryUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239231283331658678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231273630233099, language=CN, label=图2 , caption=混合对照品总离子流图

A.负离子(negative ion) B.正离子(positive ion)

, figureFileSmall=isADIXi5PcbLxtD64rjQog==, figureFileBig=pJzChFmEXqepBCmLkVryUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239231283440710586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231273630233099, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Chromatograms of mixed reference substances (A),Elephantopi Herba sample(B) and MS/MS spectra(C), figureFileSmall=dJbeBlfysZ6ktPnwGVc5yw==, figureFileBig=j4vwY2DEldh9FLPqVLHD5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239231283545568192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231273630233099, language=CN, label=图3 , caption=混合对照品(A)、地胆草供试品(B)色谱图及MS/MS质谱图(C)

5.新绿原酸(neochlorogenic acid) 7.绿原酸(chlorogenic acid) 10.隐绿原酸(cryptochlorogenic acid) 13.木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(luteolin-7-glucuronide) 14.木犀草素(cynaroside) 15.异绿原酸B(isochlorogenic acid B) 16.异绿原酸A(isochlorogenic acid A) 19.芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(apigenin-7-glucuronide) 20.异绿原酸C(isochlorogenic acid C) 26.去氧地胆草素(deoxyelephantopin) 28.异去氧地胆草素(isodeoxyelephantopin) 29.异地胆草种内酯(isoscabertopin) 30.地胆草种内酯(scabertopin)

, figureFileSmall=dJbeBlfysZ6ktPnwGVc5yw==, figureFileBig=j4vwY2DEldh9FLPqVLHD5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239231283642037185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231273630233099, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Tentative identification and attribution of 36 chemical compounds from Elephantopi Herba by UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS in positive and negative modes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
峰号
(peak No.)
tR/min分子式
(formula)
检测离子
(detected ion)
测定值
(experimental)m/z
偏差
(error)/ppm
二级碎片
(secondary fragment ion)
化合物
(compound)
10.61C6H4O4[M-H]-140.011 0-3.1139.002 9,93.034 8,85.030 8香豆酸(coumalic acid)
21.65C7H6O5[M-H]-170.021 5-2.4169.010 2,125.023 6,107.013 7没食子酸(gallic acid)
32.79C8H8O4[M-H]-168.042 33.0167.032 9,153.009 3,150.979 5,136.950 7,132.903 3,123.001 8,118.975 7,109.017 5,102.898 0,92.928 7异香草酸(isovanilltc acid)
43.42C7H6O4[M-H]-154.026 63.8153.011 6,136.072 6,119.004 1,109.029 2,91.013 9原儿茶酸(protocatechuic acid)
5*4.98C16H18O9[M-H]-354.095 10.3353.172 9,191.082 1,179.035 8,161.332 9,135.007 6,117.047 0新绿原酸(neochlorogenic acid)
65.56C7H6O3[M-H]-138.031 7-2.8137.028 1,119.014 4,101.059 9,93.009 5,76.993 8对羟基苯甲酸(4-hydroxybenzoic acid)
7*8.47C16H18O9[M-H]-354.095 10.5353.086 6,191.065 4,179.332 9,173.045 7,161.024 3,135.045 1绿原酸(chlorogenic acid)
88.55C9H6O4[M-H]-178.026 6-3.6177.018 7,145.023 7,133.029 1,105.043 2秦皮乙素(esculetin)
98.90C9H8O4[M-H]-180.042 3-2.4178.034 6,161.023 9,133.028 9,115.018 5咖啡酸(caffeic acid)
10*9.31C16H18O9[M-H]-354.095 10.5353.087 7,191.127 7,179.016 1,173.049 4,135.046 0,117.047 0隐绿原酸(cryptochlorogenic acid)
1112.20C17H20O9[M-H]-368.110 7-2.4367.103 4,337.060 2,319.001 8,307.036 1,288.905 5,191.056 8,147.046 6,135.035 2,109.029 9绿原酸甲酯(cyclohexanecarboxylic acid)
1213.87C22H22O11[M-H]-462.116 20.0461.110 9,161.024 7,109.030 4,117.036 2,145.029 2,163.042 3,285.043 9,315.069 6香叶木素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(diosmetin-7-O-glucoside)
13*15.39C21H18O12[M-H]-462.079 8-0.2461.075 2,285.043 3木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(luteolin-7-glucuronide)
14*15.52C21H20O11[M-H]-448.100 6-0.1447.094 5,285.040 6木犀草苷(cynaroside)
15*16.29C25H24O12[M-H]-516.126 81.0515.119 1,135.047 4,177.019 8,173.046 4,191.056 5,353.067 6异绿原酸B(isochlorogenic acid B)
16*16.65C25H24O12[M-H]-516.126 8-0.6515.119 5,335.077 7,135.045 6,179.035 1,191.066 1,353.059 0,173.044 9异绿原酸A(isochlorogenic acid A)
1716.67C9H16O4[M-H]-188.104 9-1.0187.097 1,169.086 1,125.096 8,97.066 1壬二酸(azelaic acid)
1816.89C22H26O8[M-H]-418.162 8-0.9417.154 5,59.014 8(-)-丁香脂素[(-)-Syringaresinol]
19*17.09C21H18O11[M-H]-446.042 70.5445.077 6,269.053 4,芹菜素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(apigenin-7-glucuronide)
20*17.37C25H24O12[M-H]-516.126 80.7515.120 9,135.045 4,173.051 0,191.055 2,353.088 2异绿原酸C(isochlorogenic acid C)
2119.16C15H10O6[M-H]-286.047 70.8285.040 5,257.029 9,151.003 4,133.029 4,107.013 8木犀草素(luteolin)
2219.53C19H20O7[M+H]+360.120 9-2.4373.052 4,313.292 9,287.024 5,258.147 1,188.349 0,173.169 2,151.081 9,84.703 0地胆草素(elephantopin)
2320.37C15H10O5[M-H]-270.052 8-0.4269.046 6,241.161 0,225.056 3,151.004 1,149.254 2,117.035 0芹菜素(apigenin)
2420.60C17H14O7[M-H]-330.074 00.6329.066 4,315.043 4,299.019 3,271.025 0,161.023 7苜蓿素(tricin)
2521.02C20H22O7[M-H]-374.136 6-1.5373.052 4,313.292 9,287.024 5,258.147 1,188.349 0,173.169 2,151.081 9,84.703 0地胆草丁(elephantin)
26*22.18C19H20O6[M+H]+344.126 0-3.1345.125 9,259.095 9,241.085 4,213.090 9,185.096 1,170.100 8,142.069 0,85.030 3去氧地胆草素(deoxyelephantopin)
2722.27C13H20O3[M-H]-224.141 2-3.1223.133 8,205.407 5,197.197 0,191.382 5,187.361 8,179.100 6,161.071 9,142.927 5,137.288 9,99.094 6吐叶醇(vomifoliol)
28*22.58C19H20O6[M+H]+344.126 0-3.1345.125 9,259.095 9,241.085 4,213.090 9,185.096 1,170.100 8,142.069 0,85.030 3异去氧地胆草素(isodeoxyelephantopin)
29*24.10C20H22O6[M+H]+358.141 6-3.0359.149 3,259.096 8,241.086 0,213.091 1,185.096 4,170.072 2,142.077 6,99.045 9异地胆草种内酯(isoscabertopin)
30*24.65C20H22O6[M+H]+358.141 6-0.9359.149 3,259.095 9,241.085 4,213.090 9,185.096 1,170.100 8,142.069 0,99.045 9地胆草种内酯(scabertopin)
3135.12C16H22O4[M-H]-278.151 8-2.5277.217 1,219.025 3,116.967 0邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(dibutyl phthalate)
3241.55C19H32O2[M+H]+292.240 2-0.4293.234 1,278.988 0,263.006 5,246.952 8,234.978 1棕榈酸甲酯(methyl linoleate)
3341.8C17H34O2[M-H]-270.255 9-4.1269.251 3,253.170 6,221.386 6亚麻酸甲酯(methyl palmitate)
3441.89C20H36O2[M+H]+308.271 5-0.4309.062 2,295.172 1,280.967 4,263.157 3亚油酸乙酯(ethyl linoleate)
3542.61C9H18O2[M-H]-158.130 7-2.4157.123 4,142.854 3,126.860 0,109.007 1,99.038 1辛酸甲酯(caprylic acid methyl ester)
3643.06C18H36O2[M-H]-284.271 5-1.2283.263 9,195.149 0棕榈酸乙酯(palmitic acid ethyl ester)
), ArticleFig(id=1239231283759477706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231273630233099, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

基于UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS的正、负离子模式下地胆草中36个化合物初步鉴定及归属

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
峰号
(peak No.)
tR/min分子式
(formula)
检测离子
(detected ion)
测定值
(experimental)m/z
偏差
(error)/ppm
二级碎片
(secondary fragment ion)
化合物
(compound)
10.61C6H4O4[M-H]-140.011 0-3.1139.002 9,93.034 8,85.030 8香豆酸(coumalic acid)
21.65C7H6O5[M-H]-170.021 5-2.4169.010 2,125.023 6,107.013 7没食子酸(gallic acid)
32.79C8H8O4[M-H]-168.042 33.0167.032 9,153.009 3,150.979 5,136.950 7,132.903 3,123.001 8,118.975 7,109.017 5,102.898 0,92.928 7异香草酸(isovanilltc acid)
43.42C7H6O4[M-H]-154.026 63.8153.011 6,136.072 6,119.004 1,109.029 2,91.013 9原儿茶酸(protocatechuic acid)
5*4.98C16H18O9[M-H]-354.095 10.3353.172 9,191.082 1,179.035 8,161.332 9,135.007 6,117.047 0新绿原酸(neochlorogenic acid)
65.56C7H6O3[M-H]-138.031 7-2.8137.028 1,119.014 4,101.059 9,93.009 5,76.993 8对羟基苯甲酸(4-hydroxybenzoic acid)
7*8.47C16H18O9[M-H]-354.095 10.5353.086 6,191.065 4,179.332 9,173.045 7,161.024 3,135.045 1绿原酸(chlorogenic acid)
88.55C9H6O4[M-H]-178.026 6-3.6177.018 7,145.023 7,133.029 1,105.043 2秦皮乙素(esculetin)
98.90C9H8O4[M-H]-180.042 3-2.4178.034 6,161.023 9,133.028 9,115.018 5咖啡酸(caffeic acid)
10*9.31C16H18O9[M-H]-354.095 10.5353.087 7,191.127 7,179.016 1,173.049 4,135.046 0,117.047 0隐绿原酸(cryptochlorogenic acid)
1112.20C17H20O9[M-H]-368.110 7-2.4367.103 4,337.060 2,319.001 8,307.036 1,288.905 5,191.056 8,147.046 6,135.035 2,109.029 9绿原酸甲酯(cyclohexanecarboxylic acid)
1213.87C22H22O11[M-H]-462.116 20.0461.110 9,161.024 7,109.030 4,117.036 2,145.029 2,163.042 3,285.043 9,315.069 6香叶木素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(diosmetin-7-O-glucoside)
13*15.39C21H18O12[M-H]-462.079 8-0.2461.075 2,285.043 3木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(luteolin-7-glucuronide)
14*15.52C21H20O11[M-H]-448.100 6-0.1447.094 5,285.040 6木犀草苷(cynaroside)
15*16.29C25H24O12[M-H]-516.126 81.0515.119 1,135.047 4,177.019 8,173.046 4,191.056 5,353.067 6异绿原酸B(isochlorogenic acid B)
16*16.65C25H24O12[M-H]-516.126 8-0.6515.119 5,335.077 7,135.045 6,179.035 1,191.066 1,353.059 0,173.044 9异绿原酸A(isochlorogenic acid A)
1716.67C9H16O4[M-H]-188.104 9-1.0187.097 1,169.086 1,125.096 8,97.066 1壬二酸(azelaic acid)
1816.89C22H26O8[M-H]-418.162 8-0.9417.154 5,59.014 8(-)-丁香脂素[(-)-Syringaresinol]
19*17.09C21H18O11[M-H]-446.042 70.5445.077 6,269.053 4,芹菜素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(apigenin-7-glucuronide)
20*17.37C25H24O12[M-H]-516.126 80.7515.120 9,135.045 4,173.051 0,191.055 2,353.088 2异绿原酸C(isochlorogenic acid C)
2119.16C15H10O6[M-H]-286.047 70.8285.040 5,257.029 9,151.003 4,133.029 4,107.013 8木犀草素(luteolin)
2219.53C19H20O7[M+H]+360.120 9-2.4373.052 4,313.292 9,287.024 5,258.147 1,188.349 0,173.169 2,151.081 9,84.703 0地胆草素(elephantopin)
2320.37C15H10O5[M-H]-270.052 8-0.4269.046 6,241.161 0,225.056 3,151.004 1,149.254 2,117.035 0芹菜素(apigenin)
2420.60C17H14O7[M-H]-330.074 00.6329.066 4,315.043 4,299.019 3,271.025 0,161.023 7苜蓿素(tricin)
2521.02C20H22O7[M-H]-374.136 6-1.5373.052 4,313.292 9,287.024 5,258.147 1,188.349 0,173.169 2,151.081 9,84.703 0地胆草丁(elephantin)
26*22.18C19H20O6[M+H]+344.126 0-3.1345.125 9,259.095 9,241.085 4,213.090 9,185.096 1,170.100 8,142.069 0,85.030 3去氧地胆草素(deoxyelephantopin)
2722.27C13H20O3[M-H]-224.141 2-3.1223.133 8,205.407 5,197.197 0,191.382 5,187.361 8,179.100 6,161.071 9,142.927 5,137.288 9,99.094 6吐叶醇(vomifoliol)
28*22.58C19H20O6[M+H]+344.126 0-3.1345.125 9,259.095 9,241.085 4,213.090 9,185.096 1,170.100 8,142.069 0,85.030 3异去氧地胆草素(isodeoxyelephantopin)
29*24.10C20H22O6[M+H]+358.141 6-3.0359.149 3,259.096 8,241.086 0,213.091 1,185.096 4,170.072 2,142.077 6,99.045 9异地胆草种内酯(isoscabertopin)
30*24.65C20H22O6[M+H]+358.141 6-0.9359.149 3,259.095 9,241.085 4,213.090 9,185.096 1,170.100 8,142.069 0,99.045 9地胆草种内酯(scabertopin)
3135.12C16H22O4[M-H]-278.151 8-2.5277.217 1,219.025 3,116.967 0邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(dibutyl phthalate)
3241.55C19H32O2[M+H]+292.240 2-0.4293.234 1,278.988 0,263.006 5,246.952 8,234.978 1棕榈酸甲酯(methyl linoleate)
3341.8C17H34O2[M-H]-270.255 9-4.1269.251 3,253.170 6,221.386 6亚麻酸甲酯(methyl palmitate)
3441.89C20H36O2[M+H]+308.271 5-0.4309.062 2,295.172 1,280.967 4,263.157 3亚油酸乙酯(ethyl linoleate)
3542.61C9H18O2[M-H]-158.130 7-2.4157.123 4,142.854 3,126.860 0,109.007 1,99.038 1辛酸甲酯(caprylic acid methyl ester)
3643.06C18H36O2[M-H]-284.271 5-1.2283.263 9,195.149 0棕榈酸乙酯(palmitic acid ethyl ester)
), ArticleFig(id=1239231283872723919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231273630233099, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Regression equation,LOD and LOQ

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分
(component)
回归方程
(regression equation)
r线性范围
(linear range)/(μg·mL-1
LOQ/(ng·mL-1LOD/(ng·mL-1
新绿原酸(neochlorogenic acid)Y=1.11×105X+5.05×1030.999 90.18~7.1673.9422.18
绿原酸(chlorogenic acid)Y=3.85×105X-4.25×1050.999 62.17~86.67192.3557.70
隐绿原酸(cryptochlorogenic acid)Y=2.88×105X-2.88×1040.999 80.16~6.48125.9737.79
木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(luteolin-7-glucuronide)Y=9.74×104X+1.30×1050.999 71.75~70.02166.3349.89
木犀草苷(cynaroside)Y=3.87×105X-7.60×1030.999 80.08~3.2450.4915.15
异绿原酸B(isochlorogenic acid B)Y=2.26×104X-1.55×1040.999 51.32~52.8476.5422.96
异绿原酸A(isochlorogenic acid A)Y=4.10×105X-7.13×1050.999 04.61~184.34110.1333.03
芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷
(apigenin-7-glucuronide)
Y=2.21×105X-3.01×1040.999 50.25~9.9211.963.59
异绿原酸C(isochlorogenic acid C)Y=2.81×105X+3.24×1050.999 73.02~120.9986.8126.05
去氧地胆草素(deoxyelephantopin)Y=1.72×104X-4.64×1020.999 90.28~11.1430.409.12
异去氧地胆草素(isodeoxyelephantopin)Y=3.85×103X+1.42×1030.999 70.92~37.0442.6812.81
异地胆草种内酯(isoscabertopin)Y=6.74×103X-1.14×1030.999 80.35~14.1821.956.59
地胆草种内酯(scabertopin)Y=8.01×104X+3.78×1030.999 71.20~48.1654.3316.30
), ArticleFig(id=1239231283994358739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231273630233099, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

回归方程、检测限和定量限结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分
(component)
回归方程
(regression equation)
r线性范围
(linear range)/(μg·mL-1
LOQ/(ng·mL-1LOD/(ng·mL-1
新绿原酸(neochlorogenic acid)Y=1.11×105X+5.05×1030.999 90.18~7.1673.9422.18
绿原酸(chlorogenic acid)Y=3.85×105X-4.25×1050.999 62.17~86.67192.3557.70
隐绿原酸(cryptochlorogenic acid)Y=2.88×105X-2.88×1040.999 80.16~6.48125.9737.79
木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(luteolin-7-glucuronide)Y=9.74×104X+1.30×1050.999 71.75~70.02166.3349.89
木犀草苷(cynaroside)Y=3.87×105X-7.60×1030.999 80.08~3.2450.4915.15
异绿原酸B(isochlorogenic acid B)Y=2.26×104X-1.55×1040.999 51.32~52.8476.5422.96
异绿原酸A(isochlorogenic acid A)Y=4.10×105X-7.13×1050.999 04.61~184.34110.1333.03
芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷
(apigenin-7-glucuronide)
Y=2.21×105X-3.01×1040.999 50.25~9.9211.963.59
异绿原酸C(isochlorogenic acid C)Y=2.81×105X+3.24×1050.999 73.02~120.9986.8126.05
去氧地胆草素(deoxyelephantopin)Y=1.72×104X-4.64×1020.999 90.28~11.1430.409.12
异去氧地胆草素(isodeoxyelephantopin)Y=3.85×103X+1.42×1030.999 70.92~37.0442.6812.81
异地胆草种内酯(isoscabertopin)Y=6.74×103X-1.14×1030.999 80.35~14.1821.956.59
地胆草种内酯(scabertopin)Y=8.01×104X+3.78×1030.999 71.20~48.1654.3316.30
), ArticleFig(id=1239231284095022037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231273630233099, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Sample recovery of 13 components

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分
(component)
原有量
(original)/μg
加入量
(added)/μg
测得量
(detected)/μg
回收率
(recovery)/%
平均回收率
(mean recovery)/%
RSD/%
新绿原酸(neochlorogenic acid)43.3923.2265.6896.097.51.3
43.5266.3098.1
43.3966.2098.2
43.4343.1187.45102.199.72.1
43.3985.7098.1
43.6086.2799.0
43.6563.01108.19102.4102.10.37
43.47107.55101.7
43.56107.98102.2
绿原酸(chlorogenic acid)344.29170.42521.14103.8101.91.7
345.32518.27101.5
344.29515.32100.4
344.63340.83691.27101.7101.80.17
344.29692.00102.0
346.01692.74101.7
346.35486.90849.54103.3103.50.39
344.97847.34103.2
345.66851.75103.9
隐绿原酸(cryptochlorogenic acid)55.2625.2979.4295.596.40.99
55.4379.7596.2
55.2679.8997.4
55.3255.63109.3597.197.32.6
55.26110.87100.0
55.54108.3194.9
55.5980.92134.7497.898.30.63
55.37134.8398.2
55.48135.6099.0
木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷
(luteolin-7-glucuronide)
222.54108.86332.74101.297.72.1
223.21327.6195.9
222.54327.1596.1
222.77217.71436.2098.097.40.72
222.54432.9396.6
223.65435.9697.5
223.88332.61539.6594.995.00.22
222.99539.6595.2
223.43538.7294.8
木犀草苷(cynaroside)10.425.1115.3195.795.40.34
10.4515.3195.1
10.4215.3095.5
10.4310. 2220. 2996.596.20.75
10.4220.1795.4
10.4720.3696.8
10.4815. 3325.3897.296.80.54
10.4425.3197.0
10.4625.2196.2
异绿原酸B(isochlorogenic acid B)94.5947.180.139 5695.395.70.59
94.870.139 9495.5
94.590.140 0696.4
94.6894.350.185 5496.396.10.23
94.590.185 0495.9
95.060.185 6796.0
95.16141.530.231 2796.298.32.8
94.780.232 5297.3
94.970.238 52101.4
异绿原酸A(isochlorogenic acid A)586.17286.650.860 5295.797.21.59
587.930.865 9597.0
586.170.869 3498.8
586.76573.301.154 1599.098.90.14
586.171.154 1599.1
589.101.155 5098.8
589.68859.951.482 35103.8101.13.4
587.341.424 0497.3
588.511.468 11102.3
芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷
(apigenin-7-glucuronide)
45.5324.1969.0197.197.10.67
45.6769.3397.8
45.5368.8896.5
45.5845.3688.9495.696.10.55
45.5389.0796.0
45.7689.5996.6
45.8069.55114.0398.197.40.73
45.62113.2797.3
45.71112.9696.7
异绿原酸C(isochlorogenic acid C)371.74178.80545.4197.197.70.77
372.86547.0197.4
371.74547.9598.6
372.11357.60715.8796.196.40.43
371.74715.8096.2
373.60720.0896.9
373.97536.40893.0896.896.41.0
372.84893.7597.1
373.23884.3995.3
去氧地胆草素(deoxyelephantopin)46.2923.2068.9997.8100.82.7
46.4369.96101.4
46.2970.21103.1
46.3446.4090.9396.194.91.2
46.2990.3094.8
46.5290.0693.8
46.5769.60114.9598.297.41.3
46.38114.5297.9
46.48113.2695.9
异去氧地胆草素(isodeoxyelephantopin)136.6266.15201.6998.497.90.59
137.03201.9498.1
136.62200.9697.3
136.76135.61276.76103.2100.32.8
126.62262.22100.0
137.31269.7097.6
137.44198.45331.7097.9102.23.8
136.90342.32103.5
137.17345.18104.8
地胆草种内酯(scabertopin)171.7685.12257.35100.6100.61.29
172.27256.8099.3
171.76258.50101.9
171.93171.36341.0098.797.80.81
171.76339.2797.8
172.62338.9897.1
172.79257.60421.5796.696.80.41
172.10422.7297.3
172.44421.2896.6
异地胆草种内酯(isoscabertopin)58.8529.0686.5995.597.31.7
59.0387.6698.5
58.8587.2997.9
58.9158.12115.8698.0100.13.7
58.85119.54104.4
59.15116.0998.0
59.2087.67144.9197.897.10.92
58.97143.1896.1
59.09144.4597.4
), ArticleFig(id=1239231284225045467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231273630233099, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

13个成分的加样回收考察

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分
(component)
原有量
(original)/μg
加入量
(added)/μg
测得量
(detected)/μg
回收率
(recovery)/%
平均回收率
(mean recovery)/%
RSD/%
新绿原酸(neochlorogenic acid)43.3923.2265.6896.097.51.3
43.5266.3098.1
43.3966.2098.2
43.4343.1187.45102.199.72.1
43.3985.7098.1
43.6086.2799.0
43.6563.01108.19102.4102.10.37
43.47107.55101.7
43.56107.98102.2
绿原酸(chlorogenic acid)344.29170.42521.14103.8101.91.7
345.32518.27101.5
344.29515.32100.4
344.63340.83691.27101.7101.80.17
344.29692.00102.0
346.01692.74101.7
346.35486.90849.54103.3103.50.39
344.97847.34103.2
345.66851.75103.9
隐绿原酸(cryptochlorogenic acid)55.2625.2979.4295.596.40.99
55.4379.7596.2
55.2679.8997.4
55.3255.63109.3597.197.32.6
55.26110.87100.0
55.54108.3194.9
55.5980.92134.7497.898.30.63
55.37134.8398.2
55.48135.6099.0
木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷
(luteolin-7-glucuronide)
222.54108.86332.74101.297.72.1
223.21327.6195.9
222.54327.1596.1
222.77217.71436.2098.097.40.72
222.54432.9396.6
223.65435.9697.5
223.88332.61539.6594.995.00.22
222.99539.6595.2
223.43538.7294.8
木犀草苷(cynaroside)10.425.1115.3195.795.40.34
10.4515.3195.1
10.4215.3095.5
10.4310. 2220. 2996.596.20.75
10.4220.1795.4
10.4720.3696.8
10.4815. 3325.3897.296.80.54
10.4425.3197.0
10.4625.2196.2
异绿原酸B(isochlorogenic acid B)94.5947.180.139 5695.395.70.59
94.870.139 9495.5
94.590.140 0696.4
94.6894.350.185 5496.396.10.23
94.590.185 0495.9
95.060.185 6796.0
95.16141.530.231 2796.298.32.8
94.780.232 5297.3
94.970.238 52101.4
异绿原酸A(isochlorogenic acid A)586.17286.650.860 5295.797.21.59
587.930.865 9597.0
586.170.869 3498.8
586.76573.301.154 1599.098.90.14
586.171.154 1599.1
589.101.155 5098.8
589.68859.951.482 35103.8101.13.4
587.341.424 0497.3
588.511.468 11102.3
芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷
(apigenin-7-glucuronide)
45.5324.1969.0197.197.10.67
45.6769.3397.8
45.5368.8896.5
45.5845.3688.9495.696.10.55
45.5389.0796.0
45.7689.5996.6
45.8069.55114.0398.197.40.73
45.62113.2797.3
45.71112.9696.7
异绿原酸C(isochlorogenic acid C)371.74178.80545.4197.197.70.77
372.86547.0197.4
371.74547.9598.6
372.11357.60715.8796.196.40.43
371.74715.8096.2
373.60720.0896.9
373.97536.40893.0896.896.41.0
372.84893.7597.1
373.23884.3995.3
去氧地胆草素(deoxyelephantopin)46.2923.2068.9997.8100.82.7
46.4369.96101.4
46.2970.21103.1
46.3446.4090.9396.194.91.2
46.2990.3094.8
46.5290.0693.8
46.5769.60114.9598.297.41.3
46.38114.5297.9
46.48113.2695.9
异去氧地胆草素(isodeoxyelephantopin)136.6266.15201.6998.497.90.59
137.03201.9498.1
136.62200.9697.3
136.76135.61276.76103.2100.32.8
126.62262.22100.0
137.31269.7097.6
137.44198.45331.7097.9102.23.8
136.90342.32103.5
137.17345.18104.8
地胆草种内酯(scabertopin)171.7685.12257.35100.6100.61.29
172.27256.8099.3
171.76258.50101.9
171.93171.36341.0098.797.80.81
171.76339.2797.8
172.62338.9897.1
172.79257.60421.5796.696.80.41
172.10422.7297.3
172.44421.2896.6
异地胆草种内酯(isoscabertopin)58.8529.0686.5995.597.31.7
59.0387.6698.5
58.8587.2997.9
58.9158.12115.8698.0100.13.7
58.85119.54104.4
59.15116.0998.0
59.2087.67144.9197.897.10.92
58.97143.1896.1
59.09144.4597.4
), ArticleFig(id=1239231284376040417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231273630233099, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

The contents of 13 components in Elephantopis Herba

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分
(component)
含量(content)/(μg·g-1)
S1S2S3S4S5S6S7S8S9S10S11S12S13S14S15
新绿原酸(neochlorogenic acid)133.2127.6132.3157.0192.4218.0433.2574.2630.9202.2212.5197.1224.7181.0186.2
绿原酸(chlorogenic acid)379.7401.4431.7459.0609.2727.03 435.93 085.03 064.42 787.0603.4590.5674.1534.8532.7
隐绿原酸(cryptochlorogenic acid)67.778.981.576.189.2110.4358.7363.5335.4108.5108.5107.8117.0102.889.5
木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(luteolin-7-glucuronide)1 345.01 396.21 074.61 908.41 871.12 016.12 221.02 189.32 232.21 726.91 914.61 825.92 484.81 825.11 520.8
木犀草苷(cynaroside)33.837.226.752.955.360.2114.6108.2100.451.666.058.275.264.644.3
异绿原酸B(isochlorogenic acid B)70.8545.7533.6547.9750.91 037.1944.7986.4998.1103 0.9881.2917.21 016.8885.2926.6
异绿原酸A(isochlorogenic acid A)501.9558.5565.4605.6881.21 196.65 858.15 794.85 476.8971.6898.6906.91 020.7820.4847.9
芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(apigenin-7-glucuronide)110.4105.079.9145.7139.9149.6454.4498.7431.0138.1140.6132.5180.3125.6108.3
异绿原酸C(isochlorogenic acid C)796.8992.5978.6967.91 350.01 687.73 710.63 621.13 345.51 622.21 538.01 420.51 745.41 428.21 489.9
去氧地胆草素(deoxyelephantopin)336.2399.0285.8545.9548.3570.8462.9478.7473.4603.9627.0469.2583.3483.4523.3
异去氧地胆草素(isodeoxyelephantopin)1 378.51 133.11 003.31 535.71 698.41 642.01 363.51 264.7550.41 744.51 911.61 350.61 753.41 201.61 375.4
异地胆草种内酯(isoscabertopin)422.7406.4267.5527.4634.0612.4587.4528.5337.4560.3608.1520.9510.7453.3478.8
地胆草种内酯(scabertopin)1 072.21 025.9795.41 302.41 288.61 330.81 714.2942.0966.61 359.11 676.01 284.51 392.11 195.51 203.1
), ArticleFig(id=1239231284673836008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231273630233099, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

地胆草中13个成分的含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分
(component)
含量(content)/(μg·g-1)
S1S2S3S4S5S6S7S8S9S10S11S12S13S14S15
新绿原酸(neochlorogenic acid)133.2127.6132.3157.0192.4218.0433.2574.2630.9202.2212.5197.1224.7181.0186.2
绿原酸(chlorogenic acid)379.7401.4431.7459.0609.2727.03 435.93 085.03 064.42 787.0603.4590.5674.1534.8532.7
隐绿原酸(cryptochlorogenic acid)67.778.981.576.189.2110.4358.7363.5335.4108.5108.5107.8117.0102.889.5
木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(luteolin-7-glucuronide)1 345.01 396.21 074.61 908.41 871.12 016.12 221.02 189.32 232.21 726.91 914.61 825.92 484.81 825.11 520.8
木犀草苷(cynaroside)33.837.226.752.955.360.2114.6108.2100.451.666.058.275.264.644.3
异绿原酸B(isochlorogenic acid B)70.8545.7533.6547.9750.91 037.1944.7986.4998.1103 0.9881.2917.21 016.8885.2926.6
异绿原酸A(isochlorogenic acid A)501.9558.5565.4605.6881.21 196.65 858.15 794.85 476.8971.6898.6906.91 020.7820.4847.9
芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(apigenin-7-glucuronide)110.4105.079.9145.7139.9149.6454.4498.7431.0138.1140.6132.5180.3125.6108.3
异绿原酸C(isochlorogenic acid C)796.8992.5978.6967.91 350.01 687.73 710.63 621.13 345.51 622.21 538.01 420.51 745.41 428.21 489.9
去氧地胆草素(deoxyelephantopin)336.2399.0285.8545.9548.3570.8462.9478.7473.4603.9627.0469.2583.3483.4523.3
异去氧地胆草素(isodeoxyelephantopin)1 378.51 133.11 003.31 535.71 698.41 642.01 363.51 264.7550.41 744.51 911.61 350.61 753.41 201.61 375.4
异地胆草种内酯(isoscabertopin)422.7406.4267.5527.4634.0612.4587.4528.5337.4560.3608.1520.9510.7453.3478.8
地胆草种内酯(scabertopin)1 072.21 025.9795.41 302.41 288.61 330.81 714.2942.0966.61 359.11 676.01 284.51 392.11 195.51 203.1
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基于UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS技术结合SWATH采集法同时定性定量分析地胆草中的化学成分*
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果佳慧 1 , 蔡于罗 1 , 田伟 1, 2, 3 , 高乐 1, 2, 3 , 李葆林 1, 2, 3 , 甄亚钦 1, 2, 3, ** , 牛丽颖 1, 2, 3, **
药物分析杂志 | 成分分析 2024,44(8): 1331-1342
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药物分析杂志 | 成分分析 2024, 44(8): 1331-1342
基于UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS技术结合SWATH采集法同时定性定量分析地胆草中的化学成分*
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果佳慧1 , 蔡于罗1, 田伟1, 2, 3, 高乐1, 2, 3, 李葆林1, 2, 3, 甄亚钦1, 2, 3, ** , 牛丽颖1, 2, 3, **
作者信息
  • 1.河北中医药大学,石家庄 050091
  • 2.河北省中药配方颗粒技术创新中心,石家庄 050091
  • 3.中药材品质评价与标准化河北省工程研究中心,石家庄 050091
  • Tel:18032132380;E-mail:

通讯作者:

** 甄亚钦 Tel:(0311)89926890;E-mail:
牛丽颖 Tel:(0311)89926548;E-mail:
UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS with SWATH method for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of chemical constituents in Elephantopi Herba
Jia-hui GUO1 , Yu-luo CAI1, Wei TIAN1, 2, 3, Le GAO1, 2, 3, Bao-lin LI1, 2, 3, Ya-qin ZHEN1, 2, 3, ** , Li-ying NIU1, 2, 3, **
Affiliations
  • 1.Hebei University of Chinese Medicine,Shijiazhuang 050091,China
  • 2.Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule Innovation Center,Shijiazhuang 050091,China
  • 3.Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Evaluation & Standardization Engineering Research Center,Shijiazhuang 050091,China
出版时间: 2024-08-31 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0470
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目的:

基于超高效液相色谱串联四极杆飞行时间质谱联用(UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS)技术,系统表征地胆草中化学成分并同时测定其中13个化学成分(新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸、木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷、木犀草苷、异绿原酸B、异绿原酸A、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷、异绿原酸C、去氧地胆草素、异去氧地胆草素、异地胆草种内酯、地胆草种内酯)的含量。

方法:

采用UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS技术,结合顺序窗口采集所有理论质谱模式(SWATH),采集不同批次地胆草样品的数据。使用Waters HSS T3 C18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm)色谱柱,以乙腈(A)-0.1%甲酸水溶液(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速0.4 mL·min-1,柱温35 ℃,进样量2 μL。采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),正、负离子模式下采集数据。结合对照品信息,参考相关文献完成对地胆草中化学成分的结构鉴定。同时建立地胆草中13个化学成分的含量测定方法并进行方法学考察。

结果:

地胆草中初步鉴定出36个化学成分,其中包括有机酸类20个,黄酮类7个,倍半萜内酯类6个,香豆素类1个及其他成分2个;含量测定的13个成分在测定浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数≥0.999 0,精密度、稳定性、重复性等均符合要求,平均加样回收率为94.9%~103.5%,RSD≤3.8%。不同批次地胆草所含化学成分基本相似,但13个成分的含量存在一定差异。

结论:

本研究建立的UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS方法,可同时对地胆草进行定性定量分析,方法灵敏准确,稳定性和重复性良好,可以为地胆草的质量控制及开发提供方法参考及数据支撑。

地胆草  /  超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间串联质谱  /  顺序窗口采集所有理论质谱模式  /  化学成分鉴定  /  含量测定  /  质量控制
Objective:

To systematically characterize and simultaneous determine 13 chemical components (neochlorogenic acid,chlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,luteolin-7-glucuronide,cynaroside,isochlorogenic acid B,isochlorogenic acid A,apigenin-7-glucuronide,isochlorogenic acid C,deoxyelephantopin,isodeoxyelephantopin,isoscabertopin and scabertopin) in Elephantopi Herba based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS).

Methods:

UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS technology combined with sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH) mode was used to collect data of different batches of Elephantopi Herba samples. The separation was performed on a Waters HSS T3 C18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm) column with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid water solution. The flow rate of gradient elution was 0.4 mL·min-1,the column temperature was 35 ℃ and the injection volume was 2 μL. The electrospray ionization (ESI) source was employed to collect data under both positive and negative ion modes. With reference to reference substances and relevant literatures,chemical components in Elephantopi Herba were identified. At the same time,the determination method for 13 chemical components in Elephantopi Herba was established and validated.

Results:

In this study,the cleavage patterns of different classes of compounds were summarized,and 36 chemical components were initially identified,including 20 organic acids,7 flavonoids,6 sesquiterpene lactones,1 coumarin and 2 other components. All of the analytes showed good linearity (r≥0.999 0) in the tested ranges. The precision,repeatability and stability of the method were good for the 13 components. The average recoveries were in the range of 94.9%-103.5% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ≤3.8%. The chemical compositions of different batches of Elephantopi Herba were basically similar,but there were certain differences in the contents of 13 components.

Conclusion:

In this study,comprehensive characterization of the chemical constituents and relative quantitative analysis of Elephantopi Herba are carried out,and a rapid and efficient qualitative analysis method of Elephantopi Herba is established by UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS,which provides a reference for the screening and rational exploitation of the medicinal substances of Elephantopi Herba,and methodological reference and data support for the quality control and development of Elephantopi Herba.

Elephantopi Herba  /  UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS  /  SWATH  /  chemical composition identification  /  content determination  /  quality control
果佳慧, 蔡于罗, 田伟, 高乐, 李葆林, 甄亚钦, 牛丽颖. 基于UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS技术结合SWATH采集法同时定性定量分析地胆草中的化学成分*. 药物分析杂志, 2024 , 44 (8) : 1331 -1342 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0470
Jia-hui GUO, Yu-luo CAI, Wei TIAN, Le GAO, Bao-lin LI, Ya-qin ZHEN, Li-ying NIU. UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS with SWATH method for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of chemical constituents in Elephantopi Herba[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2024 , 44 (8) : 1331 -1342 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0470
地胆草为菊科植物地胆草Elephantopus scaber L.的干燥全草,常用于感冒高热、咽喉肿痛等症,广泛分布于云南、广东、广西等地[1]。地胆草最早记载于北宋年间的《圣济总录》[2],曾被《本草纲目》收录于蒲公英项下“一种相似而无花者,名地胆草”,现收录于《广东省中药材标准》(2018年版)[3]等地方药材标准。现代研究表明,地胆草主要含有有机酸类、黄酮类、倍半萜内酯类等化合物,具有抗病毒、抗菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤等多种药理作用[4~7]
测定药材中主要化学成分含量并比较差异,是中药质量控制的有效手段之一。目前针对地胆草的研究主要集中于药理活性及化合物的分离纯化,未见对其化学成分全面表征的报道。近年来,超高效液相-四极杆/飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS)技术已广泛应用于中药复方、药材及饮片的快速定性分析,在中药及其复方物质组辨识中发挥着重要的作用。本研究基于UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS技术,结合顺序窗口采集所有理论质谱模式(sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra,SWATH),对地胆草中化学成分进行表征与定量分析。同传统的信息依赖采集(information dependent acquisition,IDA)模式相比,顺序窗口采集所有理论质谱模式,SWATH扫描均匀且扫描范围广,具有高灵敏度、高扫描速度、高定量准确度及重现性好的特点[7]。本研究将UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS技术和SWATH采集法相结合,对地胆草中化学成分进行鉴定并对部分化合物进行定量分析,为全面表征地胆草化学成分,评价地胆草药材的整体质量提供参考。
15批(S1~S15)地胆草药材均由神威药业集团有限公司提供,经楚雄彝族自治州中医医院的余惠祥主任医师鉴定,均为菊科植物地胆草Elephantopus scaber L.的干燥全草。药材产地信息:云南华宁3批,批号2009211、2009212、2009213;云南蒙自3批,批号2009214、2009215、2009216;云南师宗3批,批号2009221、2009222、2009223;四川剑阁3批,批号2011231、2011232、2011233;四川苍溪3批,批号2011234、2011235、2011236。
ACQUITY UPLCTM超高效液相色谱系统(沃特世公司);Triple TOFTM 6600+型四极杆串联飞行时间高分辨质谱仪(SCIEX公司);BSA224S-CW型万分之一、CPA225D型十万分之一电子分析天平(赛多利斯科学仪器北京有限公司);KQ-250型超声波清洗器(功率250 W,频率40 kHz,昆山市超声仪器有限公司);YB-150型多功能粉碎机(永康市速锋工贸有限公司)。
对照品:绿原酸(批号110753-201817,纯度96.8%)、木犀草素(批号111520-201605,纯度99.6%)、芹菜素(批号111901-201605,纯度98.0%),中国食品药品检定研究院;新绿原酸(批号PS000974,纯度99.6%)、隐绿原酸(批号PS001110,纯度98.0%)、异绿原酸A(批号PS012051,纯度98.0%)、异绿原酸B(批号PS001054,纯度98.0%)、异绿原酸C(批号PS011886,纯度98.0%)、木犀草苷(批号PS011538,纯度98.0%)、木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(批号PS011477,纯度98.0%)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(批号PS000759,纯度98.0%)、地胆草种内酯(批号PS011764,纯度98.0%)、异地胆草种内酯(批号PS011779,纯度98.0%)、去氧地胆草素(批号PS011690,纯度98.0%)、异去氧地胆草素(批号PS011691,纯度98.0%)、苜蓿素(批号PS011200,纯度98.0%),成都普思生物科技有限公司。
乙腈、甲醇(色谱纯,Merck公司);甲酸(色谱纯,Dikma公司);实验用水为屈臣氏蒸馏水。
Waters HSS T3 C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm),以乙腈(A)-0.1%甲酸水溶液(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱(0~3 min,5A;3~8 min,5A→10A;8~15 min,10A→20A;15~17 min,20A→28A;17~20 min,28A→39A;20~30 min,39A→48A;30~40 min,48A→90A;40~48 min,90A),每次进样前预平衡5 min,再进行洗脱程序,流速为0.4 mL·min-1,柱温为35 ℃,进样量为2 μL。
离子源为电喷雾离子源(ESI),正、负离子模式下采集数据。MS/MS检测器的参数如下:离子喷雾电压(IS)正离子模式为+5 500 V,负离子模式为-4 500 V;离子源温度(TEM)为550 ℃;雾化气(GS1,N2)为380 kPa,辅助气(GS2,N2)为380 kPa,接口持续加热,全程通入N2,气帘气(CUR)为242 kPa;解簇电压(DP)为70/-70 V;碰撞能量(CE)为30/-30 eV;动态碰撞能量(CES)为15 eV;采用信息非依赖采集模式(SWATH),母离子从m/z 100开始并增加到m/z 1 500,子离子扫描根据相对分子质量平均分为14个窗口,13个定量测定化合物的监测离子依次为m/z 179.036、191.065、135.046、461.075、447.095、173.046、191.057、269.053、353.089、85.030、85.030、99.046、99.046。
取各对照品约5 mg,精密称定,分别加甲醇溶解制成质量浓度约为1 mg·mL-1的单一对照品储备液,分别精密量取各对照品储备液适量,置于同一量瓶内,加50%甲醇溶液定容至刻度,摇匀,即得每1 mL含新绿原酸7.16 μg,绿原酸86.67 μg,隐绿原酸6.48 μg,木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷70.02 μg,木犀草苷3.24 μg,异绿原酸B 52.84 μg,异绿原酸A 184.34 μg,芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷9.92 μg,异绿原酸C 120.99 μg,去氧地胆草素11.14 μg,异去氧地胆草素37.04 μg,地胆草种内酯48.16 μg,异地胆草种内酯14.18 μg的混合对照品溶液。
取地胆草样品粉末约0.2 g,精密称定,置具塞锥形瓶中,精密加入50%甲醇25 mL,密塞,称量,超声(功率250 W,频率40 kHz)处理60 min,取出,放冷,再称量,用50%甲醇补足减失量,取上清液,滤过,取续滤液,即得。
按“2.1”项下色谱条件进样分析,供试品溶液及混合对照品溶液正负离子模式下的总离子流图见图12,根据高分辨质谱数据分析化合物保留时间、精确相对分子质量、碎片离子信息,并与对照品和文献对比,推导和鉴定出地胆草中的36个化学成分。鉴定结果等详细信息见表1
分别精密吸取混合对照品溶液、供试品溶液和空白溶剂(50%甲醇)各2 μL,按“2.1”项色谱条件进样分析。被测定成分分离效果良好,空白溶剂无干扰,表明本法专属性良好,色谱图见图3
精密量取“2.3”项混合对照品溶液适量,采用倍数稀释法(分别稀释2、4、8、16、40倍),得到13个成分的系列浓度混合对照品溶液。分别精密吸取上述溶液2 μL,按本文色谱质谱条件进样分析。以对照品溶液浓度X为横坐标,峰面积Y为纵坐标,绘制标准曲线,计算得到各成分的回归方程和线性范围,结果见表2。取稀释4倍浓度的混合对照品溶液并逐步稀释,进样测定。以信噪比S/N=3和S/N=10分别计算13个化学成分的检测限(LOD)和定量限(LOQ),结果见表2。结果表明,13个成分在各自的浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数r均≥0.999 0。
精密吸取“2.6.2”项下的稀释4倍浓度的混合对照品溶液2 μL,按本文色谱质谱条件,连续进样6次,测定峰面积,13个成分峰面积的RSD分别为0.27%、0.48%、0.35%、1.3%、1.6%、0.60%、1.3%、1.5%、0.27%、1.2%、2.3%、1.7%、1.3%,证明仪器精密度良好。
取地胆草样品,按“2.4”项方法制备供试品溶液,分别于0、2、4、8、12、16、18、24 h,按本文色谱质谱条件进样分析,计算13个成分峰面积RSD分别为0.61%、0.89%、0.77%、1.1%、1.2%、2.5%、1.0%、1.4%、0.47%、0.43%、0.24%、0.48%、0.81%,表明供试品溶液在24 h内稳定性良好。
取同一批次(S7)地胆草样品,分别精密称取低(0.1 g)、中(0.2 g)、高(0.3 g)3个水平样品量,每个水平3份样品,按“2.4”项方法制备供试品溶液,精密吸取各供试品溶液2 μL,按本文色谱质谱条件进样分析,测定峰面积,计算含量及RSD。计算得上述13个成分的平均含量(n=9)分别为433.18、3 435.90、551.53、2 221.01、104.55、944.68、5 858.12、454.41、3 710.63、462.94、1 363.52、587.35、1 714.15 μg·g-1,RSD分别为1.4%、0.70%、0.46%、1.5%、4.7%、2.8%、0.59%、0.64%、0.94%、2.3%、0.60%、0.90%、0.19%,表明该方法重复性良好。
取同一批次(S7)已知含量的地胆草药材样品9份,每份取约0.1 g,精密称量,分为低、中、高3个水平,各3份,按样品含有量的50%、100%、150%精密加入一定量的对照品,按“2.4”项下方法平行制备供试溶液9份,按本文色谱质谱条件进样分析,测定峰面积,分别计算13个成分的加样回收率及RSD,结果见表3,13个成分平均回收率在94.9%~103.5%,RSD在0.14%~3.8%,表明方法准确度良好。
精密称取15批地胆草样品,按“2.4”项下方法分别制备供试品溶液,精密吸取各供试品溶液2 μL,按本文色谱质谱条件进样分析,测定峰面积,计算15批样品中13个化学成分的含量(以干燥品计),计算结果见表4
本研究基于UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS技术,结合SWATH采集法对地胆草中的化学成分进行全面表征,并对其中13个成分进行含量测定。SWATH技术作为一种全新的质谱采集模式,将母离子的质量范围分成多个可变或不可变窗口,每个窗口内所有离子一起碰撞碎裂,软件的去卷积功能可将母离子和子离子进行一一归属,从而得到整个质量范围内所有离子的碎片信息,保证低含量目标物的二级信息不被遗漏,能够更加完整和准确地实现特征二级离子定量[9],实现一次进样鉴定、定量所有的化学成分,具有准确度高和样品定量相关性高等优点[10-12]。在一级色谱图有干扰峰的情况下,SWATH数据二级质谱图中任何一个子离子的连续色谱峰可作为定量数据分析,有效地降低了背景噪音,排除干扰离子,使定量结果更加准确可靠[13]。目前,SWATH技术更多应用于食品、药物脂质代谢物及蛋白分析中,较少应用于中药分析领域[14-16]
地胆草中的化合物存在多对同分异构体,在实验过程中发现,部分化合物在采用母离子定量时,易受基质及样品中同分异构体的干扰。以新绿原酸为例,由于在供试品溶液中易受到分子质量相近的基质干扰,在定量过程中难以获得较好的线性与范围,且定量限较高,而MS/MS扫描通道的特征离子(m/z 179.036)由于提高了特异性及专属性,减少了基质及共流出物的干扰,增加了信噪比,更适合作为定量离子。定量结果显示,采用子离子(m/z 179.036)定量时,新绿原酸的线性拟合结果更优。去氧地胆草素和异去氧地胆草素、异地胆草种内酯和地胆草种内酯是2对同分异构体,地胆草中还存在其他结构类似、分子量相近且保留时间相差不大的倍半萜内酯类成分,通过采用子离子定量的方式同样降低了干扰,提高了定量的准确性。本实验采用SWATH采集法同时定性定量地胆草中化学成分,为地胆草药效物质基础研究和质量控制奠定了基础。
本实验初步推测并鉴定出36个化合物,同时基于SWATH采集法建立地胆草定量分析方法,同时测定13个成分的含量,并应用该方法检测15批地胆草样品,结果表明,本研究所建立的分析方法专属性强,灵敏度高,准确度高。将15批不同产地的地胆草药材含量测定结果进行比较,其中含量较高的为绿原酸、木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷、异绿原酸A、异绿原酸C、去氧地胆草素、异去氧地胆草素、地胆草种内酯、异地胆草种内酯等,也是前期文献调研中发现与地胆草功效连接紧密的成分。本研究为阐明地胆草物质基础提供指导,也为不断完善和推动地胆草药材及饮片质量标准化的快速发展提供试验参考。
  • *河北省省级科技计划项目资助(23372502D)
  • 河北省中医药管理局科研计划项目(2023125)
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2024年第44卷第8期
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0470
  • 接收时间:2023-07-22
  • 首发时间:2026-03-13
  • 出版时间:2024-08-31
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  • 收稿日期:2023-07-22
基金
*河北省省级科技计划项目资助(23372502D)
河北省中医药管理局科研计划项目(2023125)
作者信息
    1.河北中医药大学,石家庄 050091
    2.河北省中药配方颗粒技术创新中心,石家庄 050091
    3.中药材品质评价与标准化河北省工程研究中心,石家庄 050091

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** 甄亚钦 Tel:(0311)89926890;E-mail:
牛丽颖 Tel:(0311)89926548;E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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