Article(id=1239231272422265103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239231265254207730, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0613, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1695052800000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-19, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773385359148, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1725033600000, pubDateStr=2024-08-31, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773385359148, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773385359148, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773385359148, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239231265254207730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2024', volume='44', issue='8', pageStart='1285', pageEnd='1462', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=0, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773385357440, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773385579800, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239232197937393856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239231265254207730, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239232197937393857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239231265254207730, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1400, endPage=1406, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239231272757809446, articleId=1239231272422265103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Establishment of bacterial endotoxin detection method for PBMC suspension, columnId=1206272757852074373, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Safety Monitoring, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective:

To establish a method for the quantitative detection of bacterial endotoxins in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) suspensions and to validate the feasibility of the detection method.

Methods:

According to the standards for photometric determination of bacterial endotoxin in General Notice 1143 of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP) part Ⅲ (2020 edition) and 1085 of USP. A preliminary detection method of bacterial endotoxin content in PBMC suspension was established from standard curve reliability verification and primary interferential screening test. Bacterial endotoxins in three batches of PBMC suspensions were quantitatively detected by this method.

Results:

In the establishment of standard curve and reliability verification test,the linear regression equation was lgt= 2.910 9-0.300 1lgCr=-0.999 8,negative control t>3 600 s,repeated reaction tube RSDs were less than 3%,the standard curve was established successfully. The results of the primary interferential screening test showed that the PBMC suspension had interference on limulus test at the dilution ratio of 10 and the recovery rate was close to 100% at the dilution ratio of 80,indicating that 80-fold was the best interference dilution ratio without interference. The results of the three batches of samples showed that the endotoxin contents were all less than 1.0 EU·mL-1 at the dilution ratio of 80,and the RSDs were less than 10%. The positive recoveries were 80.8%-100.3%,which complied with ChP 2020.

Conclusion:

This method can quickly and quantitatively detect the content of endotoxin in PBMC suspension.

, correspAuthors=Zeng-hui XU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Si-meng LI, Xiao-bo ZHANG, Yuan-yuan WANG, Dong-lei HAN, Zhong-yang HAN, Zeng-hui XU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1239231274699772239, articleId=1239231272422265103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=PBMC悬液中细菌内毒素检测方法的建立, columnId=1206272758036623764, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=安全监测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的:

建立定量检测人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)悬液中细菌内毒素的方法,并验证检测方法的可行性。

方法:

参考2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》(简称《中国药典》)三部<通则1143细菌内毒素检查法>及USP<1085细菌内毒素检查法应用指导原则>,从标准曲线可靠性验证、供试品干扰初筛试验2个方面,初步建立PBMC样本细菌内毒素含量的检测方法,并用此方法对3批PBMC悬液样品的细菌内毒素进行定量检测。

结果:

在标准曲线可靠性验证中,得到线性回归方程:lgt=2.910 9-0.300 1lgCr=-0.999 8,阴性对照的t>3 600 s,平行管t的RSD均小于3%,表明标准曲线建立成功;干扰初筛试验结果显示,PBMC悬液在10倍稀释时对鲎试剂检测有干扰作用,在80倍稀释时回收率接近100%,表明80倍为最佳干扰稀释倍数;3批供试品的试验结果显示,在80倍稀释下,其内毒素含量均小于限值1.0 EU·mL-1,RSD均≤ 10%,阳性回收率在80.8%~100.3%,符合2020年版《中国药典》的规定。

结论:

本方法能有效定量检测PBMC悬液中细菌内毒素的含量。

, correspAuthors=徐增辉, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* Tel:(0371)85960000;E-mail:
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Tel:(0371)85960000;E-mail:

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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=《中华人民共和国药典》), Keyword(id=1239231279506444846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=干扰初筛试验), Keyword(id=1239231279598719541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=定量检测)], refs=[Reference(id=1239231280487912031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=23, issue=1, pageStart=30, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=LI B, YANG C, JIA G, journalName=BMC Immunol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI BYANG CJIA G,et al. 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J Lab Autom201520(4):354, articleTitle=Methods of endotoxin detection, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239231274951430502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239231274959819111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, companyId=1239231274951430502, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Henan Cell Therapy Group Co,Ltd,Zhengzhou 450000,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239231274964013417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, companyId=1239231274951430502, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=河南细胞治疗集团有限公司,郑州 450000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1239231279732937275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Schematic diagram of 96-well plate loading template

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
96孔板横排序号
(horizontal serial number of 96-well plate)
96孔板竖列序号(vertical serial number of 96-well plate)
123456789101112
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
), ArticleFig(id=1239231279825211967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

96孔板加样模板示意图

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
96孔板横排序号
(horizontal serial number of 96-well plate)
96孔板竖列序号(vertical serial number of 96-well plate)
123456789101112
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
), ArticleFig(id=1239231279921680966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Test results of standard curve reliability

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
孔位
(hole site)
标准内毒素浓度
(concentration of standard endotoxin)/(EU·mL-1)
t/sRSD/%检测值
(detection value)/(EU·mL-1)
A10(阴性对照)(negative control)>3 6000<0.007 07
B10(阴性对照)(negative control)>3 600
A20.013 3332.10.009 74
B20.013 279
C20.013 197
A30.11 5900.660.105 37
B30.11 611
C30.11 600
A418111.10.974 22
B41825
C41827
), ArticleFig(id=1239231280030732872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

标准曲线可靠性试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
孔位
(hole site)
标准内毒素浓度
(concentration of standard endotoxin)/(EU·mL-1)
t/sRSD/%检测值
(detection value)/(EU·mL-1)
A10(阴性对照)(negative control)>3 6000<0.007 07
B10(阴性对照)(negative control)>3 600
A20.013 3332.10.009 74
B20.013 279
C20.013 197
A30.11 5900.660.105 37
B30.11 611
C30.11 600
A418111.10.974 22
B41825
C41827
), ArticleFig(id=1239231280118813262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

The results of primary interferential screening test of PBMC suspension

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
稀释倍数
(dilution multiple)
标准内毒素浓度(concentration of standard endotoxin)/(EU·mL-1)t/sRSD/%回收率
(recovery)/%
检测值
(detection value)/(EU·mL-1)
0(阴性对照)(negative control)>3 6000<0.007 48
0(阴性对照)(negative control)>3 600
0.013 3031.00.009 63
0.013 351
0.11 5660.270.107 77
0.11 572
17900.620.963 27
1797
10×>3 6000<0.007 48
10×>3 600
10×0.12 0546.144.40.051 92
10×0.11 885
20×>3 6000.00<0.007 48
20×>3 600
20×0.11 7750.1265.20.072 70
20×0.11 772
40×>3 6000<0.007 48
40×>3 600
40×0.11 6520.9481.90.089 40
40×0.11 674
80×>3 6000<0.007 48
80×>3 600
80×0.11 5970.1894.80.102 23
80×0.11 593
), ArticleFig(id=1239231280177533522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

PBMC悬液干扰初筛试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
稀释倍数
(dilution multiple)
标准内毒素浓度(concentration of standard endotoxin)/(EU·mL-1)t/sRSD/%回收率
(recovery)/%
检测值
(detection value)/(EU·mL-1)
0(阴性对照)(negative control)>3 6000<0.007 48
0(阴性对照)(negative control)>3 600
0.013 3031.00.009 63
0.013 351
0.11 5660.270.107 77
0.11 572
17900.620.963 27
1797
10×>3 6000<0.007 48
10×>3 600
10×0.12 0546.144.40.051 92
10×0.11 885
20×>3 6000.00<0.007 48
20×>3 600
20×0.11 7750.1265.20.072 70
20×0.11 772
40×>3 6000<0.007 48
40×>3 600
40×0.11 6520.9481.90.089 40
40×0.11 674
80×>3 6000<0.007 48
80×>3 600
80×0.11 5970.1894.80.102 23
80×0.11 593
), ArticleFig(id=1239231280265613909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

The results of interference tests of PBMC suspension

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
孔名称
(well name)
稀释倍数
(dilution multiple)
标准内毒素浓度
(concentration of standard endotoxin)/(EU·mL-1)
t/sRSD/%回收率
(recovery rate)/%
检测值
(detection value)/
(EU·mL-1)
供试品限值
(test product limits)/
(EU·mL-1)
阴性对照(negative control)>3 2700.00<0.009 52
阴性对照(negative control)>3 270
标准品稀释液(standard dilution)C0.013 2310.85<0.009 71
标准品稀释液(standard dilution)C0.01>3 270
标准品稀释液(standard dilution)C0.11 5430.730.106 12
标准品稀释液(standard dilution)C0.11 559
标准品稀释液(standard dilution)C17711.990.970 75
标准品稀释液(standard dilution)C1793
样品(sample)-A180×>3 2700.00<0.009 521
样品(sample)-A180×>3 270
样品(sample)-B180×0.11 6280.2280.770.090 29
样品(sample)-B180×0.11 633
样品(sample)-A280×>3 2700.00<0.009 521
样品(sample)-A280×>3 270
样品(sample)-B280×0.11 4359.17100.330.109 85
样品(sample)-B280×0.11 634
样品(sample)-A380×>3 2700.00<0.009 521
样品(sample)-A380×>3 270
样品(sample)-B380×0.11 6210.7480.940.090 46
样品(sample)-B380×0.11 638
), ArticleFig(id=1239231280362082906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239231272422265103, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

PBMC悬液干扰试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
孔名称
(well name)
稀释倍数
(dilution multiple)
标准内毒素浓度
(concentration of standard endotoxin)/(EU·mL-1)
t/sRSD/%回收率
(recovery rate)/%
检测值
(detection value)/
(EU·mL-1)
供试品限值
(test product limits)/
(EU·mL-1)
阴性对照(negative control)>3 2700.00<0.009 52
阴性对照(negative control)>3 270
标准品稀释液(standard dilution)C0.013 2310.85<0.009 71
标准品稀释液(standard dilution)C0.01>3 270
标准品稀释液(standard dilution)C0.11 5430.730.106 12
标准品稀释液(standard dilution)C0.11 559
标准品稀释液(standard dilution)C17711.990.970 75
标准品稀释液(standard dilution)C1793
样品(sample)-A180×>3 2700.00<0.009 521
样品(sample)-A180×>3 270
样品(sample)-B180×0.11 6280.2280.770.090 29
样品(sample)-B180×0.11 633
样品(sample)-A280×>3 2700.00<0.009 521
样品(sample)-A280×>3 270
样品(sample)-B280×0.11 4359.17100.330.109 85
样品(sample)-B280×0.11 634
样品(sample)-A380×>3 2700.00<0.009 521
样品(sample)-A380×>3 270
样品(sample)-B380×0.11 6210.7480.940.090 46
样品(sample)-B380×0.11 638
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PBMC悬液中细菌内毒素检测方法的建立
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李思梦 , 张晓博 , 王元元 , 韩东雷 , 韩忠阳 , 徐增辉 *
药物分析杂志 | 安全监测 2024,44(8): 1400-1406
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药物分析杂志 | 安全监测 2024, 44(8): 1400-1406
PBMC悬液中细菌内毒素检测方法的建立
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李思梦 , 张晓博, 王元元, 韩东雷, 韩忠阳, 徐增辉*
作者信息
  • 河南细胞治疗集团有限公司,郑州 450000
  • Tel:(0371)85960000;E-mail:

通讯作者:

* Tel:(0371)85960000;E-mail:
Establishment of bacterial endotoxin detection method for PBMC suspension
Si-meng LI , Xiao-bo ZHANG, Yuan-yuan WANG, Dong-lei HAN, Zhong-yang HAN, Zeng-hui XU*
Affiliations
  • Henan Cell Therapy Group Co,Ltd,Zhengzhou 450000,China
出版时间: 2024-08-31 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0613
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目的:

建立定量检测人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)悬液中细菌内毒素的方法,并验证检测方法的可行性。

方法:

参考2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》(简称《中国药典》)三部<通则1143细菌内毒素检查法>及USP<1085细菌内毒素检查法应用指导原则>,从标准曲线可靠性验证、供试品干扰初筛试验2个方面,初步建立PBMC样本细菌内毒素含量的检测方法,并用此方法对3批PBMC悬液样品的细菌内毒素进行定量检测。

结果:

在标准曲线可靠性验证中,得到线性回归方程:lgt=2.910 9-0.300 1lgCr=-0.999 8,阴性对照的t>3 600 s,平行管t的RSD均小于3%,表明标准曲线建立成功;干扰初筛试验结果显示,PBMC悬液在10倍稀释时对鲎试剂检测有干扰作用,在80倍稀释时回收率接近100%,表明80倍为最佳干扰稀释倍数;3批供试品的试验结果显示,在80倍稀释下,其内毒素含量均小于限值1.0 EU·mL-1,RSD均≤ 10%,阳性回收率在80.8%~100.3%,符合2020年版《中国药典》的规定。

结论:

本方法能有效定量检测PBMC悬液中细菌内毒素的含量。

人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)悬液  /  细菌内毒素  /  动态显色法  /  《中华人民共和国药典》  /  干扰初筛试验  /  定量检测
Objective:

To establish a method for the quantitative detection of bacterial endotoxins in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) suspensions and to validate the feasibility of the detection method.

Methods:

According to the standards for photometric determination of bacterial endotoxin in General Notice 1143 of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP) part Ⅲ (2020 edition) and 1085 of USP. A preliminary detection method of bacterial endotoxin content in PBMC suspension was established from standard curve reliability verification and primary interferential screening test. Bacterial endotoxins in three batches of PBMC suspensions were quantitatively detected by this method.

Results:

In the establishment of standard curve and reliability verification test,the linear regression equation was lgt= 2.910 9-0.300 1lgCr=-0.999 8,negative control t>3 600 s,repeated reaction tube RSDs were less than 3%,the standard curve was established successfully. The results of the primary interferential screening test showed that the PBMC suspension had interference on limulus test at the dilution ratio of 10 and the recovery rate was close to 100% at the dilution ratio of 80,indicating that 80-fold was the best interference dilution ratio without interference. The results of the three batches of samples showed that the endotoxin contents were all less than 1.0 EU·mL-1 at the dilution ratio of 80,and the RSDs were less than 10%. The positive recoveries were 80.8%-100.3%,which complied with ChP 2020.

Conclusion:

This method can quickly and quantitatively detect the content of endotoxin in PBMC suspension.

PBMC suspension  /  bacterial endotoxin  /  kinetic chromogenic assay  /  Chinese Pharmacopoeia  /  primary interferential screening test  /  quantitative detection
李思梦, 张晓博, 王元元, 韩东雷, 韩忠阳, 徐增辉. PBMC悬液中细菌内毒素检测方法的建立. 药物分析杂志, 2024 , 44 (8) : 1400 -1406 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0613
Si-meng LI, Xiao-bo ZHANG, Yuan-yuan WANG, Dong-lei HAN, Zhong-yang HAN, Zeng-hui XU. Establishment of bacterial endotoxin detection method for PBMC suspension[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2024 , 44 (8) : 1400 -1406 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0613
人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)来源于骨髓中的造血干细胞,主要包括淋巴细胞(T细胞、B细胞和自然杀伤细胞)和单核细胞[1]。PBMC是外周免疫系统的关键组成成分,可作为基础原料进行研究,在免疫学、传染病、恶性肿瘤、疫苗研发、移植治疗、个性化医学和毒理学等领域均发挥着重要作用[2-3]。作为重要生物资源,我国专门建立了针对乙肝和艾滋病患者群体的PBMC生物库,用于研究病毒性传染病的治疗[4],美国Novartis制药公司以PBMC为原材料进行嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)悬液的制备,用于治疗急性淋巴细胞白血病[5]
细菌内毒素是革兰阴性菌细胞壁的组分之一,属于高分子量脂多糖(LPS)复合物,由O抗原、核心多糖和类脂A组成,当细菌死亡或自溶后便会释放出内毒素[6]。细菌内毒素具有极强的耐热性,需要在250 ℃干热30 min以上才能彻底灭活,且具有分子极性,典型的内毒素分子以1×105~5×105的聚合体形式存在。细菌内毒素普遍存在于自然界中,是最常见的热原,当一定量的细菌内毒素进入血液后,会引起机体的发热反应[7]。免疫细胞存储是细胞治疗行业最基础、最前端的产业模块,原材料主要来自于健康人外周血和分离后的白细胞,在淋巴细胞分离液的作用下通过密度梯度离心法去除血浆、红细胞和粒细胞,吸取白膜层部分的PBMC物质,添加冻存液后可进行免疫细胞存储[8-9]。基于PBMC悬液制备的原材料及工艺分析,细菌内毒素污染主要来自于人员操作过程和环境污染,医药工业界认为,在GMP条件下控制内毒素就等于控制了热原污染。国家药品监督管理局颁布的《细胞治疗产品研究与评价技术指导原则》提出,细胞治疗产品质量控制应考虑细菌内毒素;深圳市市场监督管理局颁布的《人类血液来源免疫细胞库建设与管理规范》中,明确要求对PBMC样品进行细菌内毒素检测;USP<1046细胞及基因治疗产品>章节中,也要求对PBMC产品进行细菌内毒素的检测。
细菌内毒素的检测一般采用鲎试剂检查法,鲎试剂检查法可分为凝胶法、浊度法和显色法[10],显色法又可以分为动态显色法和终点显色法,动态显色法检测原理是细菌内毒素激活鲎试剂中的C因子,引起一系列酶促反应,促使凝固酶的合成,凝固酶水解显色基质,产生黄色的对硝基苯胺,用动态光度仪分析反应溶液的光度变化,可以定量测定溶液中的内毒素含量[11-12]。PBMC作为CAR-T产品、疫苗研究的重要原辅料[13],建立符合《中国药典》的PBMC悬液细菌内毒素检测方法已迫在眉睫。本研究建立了PBMC悬液细菌内毒素含量的定量检测方法,以评估PBMC潜在的内毒素污染风险,为PBMC样品的超低温冷冻存储提供参考依据和技术支持。
Robot 100全自动细菌内毒素检测系统(湛江安度斯生物有限公司),Multiskan ET微孔板光度计(赛默飞世尔(上海)仪器有限公司),X-1000XLS移液器(湛江安度斯生物有限公司),Vortex-2旋涡混匀仪(上海沪析实业有限公司)。
鲎试剂(TAL):批号2112220,规格0.35 mL·支-1;细菌内毒素标准品(CSE):批号2112071,规格10 EU·mL-1;细菌内毒素检查用水(BET水):批号2202150,规格100 mL·瓶-1;细菌内毒素检查96孔反应板;除热原试剂管:批号2205310,规格10支·盒-1;除热原稀释试管:批号2206222,规格10支·盒-1;无热源吸头:批号2211,规格96支·盒-1,以上试剂耗材均来自于湛江安度斯生物有限公司。PBMC悬液样品A1、A2、A3(批号SP021040、SP016793、SP016788),均来自于河南细胞治疗集团有限公司。
细菌内毒素限值(L)一般按以下公式确定:L=K/MK为人每1 kg体质量每1 h最大可接受的内毒素剂量,M为人每1 kg体质量每1 h的最大供试品剂量)。PBMC悬液属于种子细胞产品,不直接应用于人体,PBMC种子细胞经过复苏培养后再进行细胞治疗的相关应用,药典中没有明确对PBMC产品细菌内毒素限值进行规定。基于细菌内毒素限值的计算方式,同时参考上市细胞治疗产品质量标准,设供试品的细菌内毒素限值为不得超过1.0 EU·mL-1
按照厂家提供的效价分析报告书(CoA)确定标准品的效价和复溶体积,如CoA标示CSE的效价为10 EU·支-1,需加入BET水1 mL复溶,复溶混匀后可得到10 EU·mL-1的标准内毒素溶液。用BET水稀释复融后的10 EU·mL-1的标准内毒素溶液,得到终浓度分别为1.0、0.1、0.01 EU·mL-1的标准品稀释液,分别标记为E1.0、E0.1、E0.01
取1支鲎试剂,加入BET水0.35 mL,静止放置,液体澄清后用移液器将复融后的鲎试剂转移至除热原试剂管中。
将复溶后的标准品1 mL、鲎试剂0.6 mL及BET水、除热原稀释试管、无热源吸头、细菌内毒素检查96孔反应板,放置于全自动细菌内毒素检测系统指定位置,按表1设置96孔反应板加样位置,打开生物探针软件进入数据采集界面,设置仪器波长为405 nm,预设吸收度值为0.1。在操作软件中设置试验参数,试验方法选择动态显色法,采样时间为90 min,输入鲎试剂、标准品、BET水批号及有效期。
根据鲎试剂使用说明书对光度测定法的规定:阴性对照的反应时间大于标准曲线最低浓度的反应时间,反应重复管的变异系数RSD%≤20%,且根据2020年版《中国药典》三部<通则1143细菌内毒素检查法>,根据线性回归分析,标准曲线的相关系数(r)的绝对值应≥0.980,试验方为有效,否则须重新试验。
根据检测数据,将标准曲线进行线性回归,以反应时间(t)的对数(lgt)为纵坐标,以细菌内毒素标准品浓度的对数(lgC)为横坐标,绘制标准曲线,得到线性回归方程:
|r|>0.980,阴性对照的t>3 600 s(标准曲线最低点平均反应的t为3 269.7 s),反应重复管的RSD均≤ 20%。可见,标准曲线可靠性试验成立,表明试验有效,结果见表2
同“2.2.1”项下方法配制,得到10 EU·mL-1的标准内毒素溶液E10,用BET水作为稀释液,得到终浓度分别为1.0、0.2、0.1、0.01 EU·mL-1的标准品稀释液,分别标记为E1.0、E0.2、E0.1、E0.01(下标数字为内毒素浓度,下同)。
用BET水作为稀释液,将PBMC悬液A1分别稀释为10、20、40和80倍,分别标记为S10、S20、S40、S80(下标数字为供试品的稀释倍数,下同)。分别将各不同稀释倍数的供试品溶液400 μL与400 μL的E0.2混匀,得到供试品阳性对照溶液,内毒素终浓度均为0.1 EU·mL-1,分别标记为S10E0.1、S20E0.1、S40E0.1、S80E0.1
取鲎试剂2支,开启后每支加入BET水0.35 mL复溶,轻轻摇匀,待溶液澄清后使用。
分别取E1.0、E0.1、E0.01、S10、S20、S40、S80、S10E0.1、S20E0.1、S40E0.1、S80E0.1 0.025 mL,设置96孔反应板加样位置,将制备的溶液加入微孔反应板相应的孔中,每个样本设置2个平行,每孔加入复溶后的鲎试剂0.025 mL,于酶标仪中采集信息90 min。结果见表3,回收率符合2020年版《中国药典》三部<通则1143细菌内毒素检查法>规定,PBMC悬液稀释10倍时,样本对细菌内毒素检测存在干扰,稀释20~80倍时回收率均在50%~200%。经分析比较,选择回收率接近100%的80倍稀释倍数,设为干扰试验的稀释倍数。
取3个批号的样品,用BET水稀释至80倍,分别标记为A180、A280和A380
分别将上述3个批号稀释40倍的供试品溶液400 μL与E0.2 400 μL混匀,得到供试品阳性对照溶液,分别标记为B1(A180E0.1)、B2(A280E0.1)和B3(A280E0.1);按“2.3.1”项下方法配制标准品稀释液,作为溶液C;取BET水,作为溶液D。
打开生物探针软件进入数据采集界面,设置仪器波长为405 nm,预设吸收度值为0.1,根据微孔反应板设置的反应项目填表。分别取上述制备的A、B、C、D溶液0.025 mL加入微孔反应板相应的孔中,每项反应平行2孔,每孔加入复溶后的鲎试剂0.025 mL,置微孔反应板于酶标仪中反应90 min。结果见表4,采用动态显色法检测3批PBMC悬液的细菌内毒素含量,阳性对照溶液的回收率均在80%~101%,平行样品的RSD均小于10%,回收率和RSD均符合《中国药典》规定,可认为在此试验条件下,免疫细胞冻存PBMC悬液的细菌内毒素送检样本对细菌内毒素检查无干扰,结果均小于规定的限值,判定供试品符合规定。
美国、英国、日本等国药典陆续收载了细菌内毒素的鲎试剂检查法,《中国药典》于1993年收载细菌内毒素的鲎试剂检查法[14]。相比于热原检查法,鲎试剂检查法更适应现代制药工业的发展,具备快速、灵敏、可标准化的优势[15-16]。3种鲎试剂检测方法(凝胶法、浊度法和显色法)均被2020年版《中国药典》收录。
PBMC在免疫学、传染病治疗发挥着重要作用,同时PBMC正逐步扩展到精准医学研究中[17]。细菌内毒素作为PBMC样本安全性的重要指标之一,如何有效地进行检测至关重要。相比于凝胶法,动态显色法实现了从肉眼观察到机械化结果判断的转变,用动态光度检测仪检测反应溶液的光度变化,当光度值达到预设值时,仪器自动记录反应时间。动态显色法同时实现了从定性到定量的转变,利用反应时间与标准内毒素浓度关系的标准曲线,计算出供试品的内毒素含量,简化了试验操作过程,加强了数据的完整性要求[18]
本试验通过标准曲线的可靠性、供试品干扰初筛和3批供试品的检测,证明了动态显色法定量检测PBMC悬液细菌内毒素含量是可行的。试验结果表明动态显色法检测PBMC悬液细菌内毒素不仅是可行的,而且具有检测准确性和精密度高,批次检测量大,鲎试剂用量少,成本可控,且符合数据完整性要求等明显优势。
随着技术的发展,干式恒温仪器逐步取代水浴恒温箱,酶标板式定量检测仪逐步取代试管式定量检测仪,鲎试剂检查法逐渐趋向自动化操作,全自动的系统和检测专用数据软件也逐步在企业中应用,考虑到鲎资源的有限性,新型方法和微量技术体现出越来越明显的优势[19]
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0613
  • 接收时间:2023-09-19
  • 首发时间:2026-03-13
  • 出版时间:2024-08-31
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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-19
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    河南细胞治疗集团有限公司,郑州 450000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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