Article(id=1239184757905478210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239184752507408921, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0308, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1715270400000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773374269224, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1735574400000, pubDateStr=2024-12-31, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773374269224, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773374269224, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773374269224, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239184752507408921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2024', volume='44', issue='12', pageStart='2011', pageEnd='2188', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773374267937, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773374446543, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239185501702377864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239184752507408921, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239185501702377865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239184752507408921, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2148, endPage=2153, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239184758287159897, articleId=1239184757905478210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=General considerations on the forced degradation studies of chemical innovative drugs, columnId=1239184758157136465, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Process Evaluation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Compared to chemical generic drugs, more attempts should be made for chemical innovative drugs in the identification of major degradation products, the exploration of stress testing conditions, and the mutagenicity study of degradation products due to their novel structures and unknown degradation pathways. At present, many literature reviews on the forced degradation studies of drugs have been published, but there are almost no specific discussions for innovative drugs. This article is intended to discuss the identification of major degradation products, the exploration of experiment conditions, and the mutagenicity of degradation products based on the related literatures and research experiences in order to provide some references for researchers.
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相比化学仿制药,化学创新药由于其结构新颖,降解途径未知等特点,在强制降解研究的主要降解产物归属,降解试验条件摸索,降解产物的致突变性研究等方面需更多尝试。目前,已有多篇针对药物强制降解研究的文献综述,但未对化学创新药的强制降解研究进行针对性的论述。本文参考国内外相关文献,并结合在药物研发中的实践,重点对化学创新药强制降解研究的主要降解产物归属,降解试验条件摸索及降解产物的致突变性等内容进行讨论,以期为药物研发人员提供一些借鉴。
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2023, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239218768468046511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239184757905478210, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239218768476435120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239184757905478210, companyId=1239218768468046511, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Nanjing Chia-Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Company, Nanjing 210046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239218768484823729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239184757905478210, companyId=1239218768468046511, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=南京正大天晴制药有限公司,南京 210046)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1239218771982873370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239184757905478210, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Rate of degradation(relative to 25 ℃)estimated according to different Ea
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| T/℃ | 相对降解速率(relative degradation rate) |
|---|
| Ea=12 kcal·mol-1 | Ea=17 kcal·mol-1 | Ea=19.8 kcal·mol-1 | Ea=25.8 kcal·mol-1 | Ea=29.8 kcal·mol-1 |
|---|
| 25 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 30 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
| 40 | 2.6 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 8.1 | 11.2 |
| 50 | 4.8 | 9.2 | 13.3 | 29.2 | 49.3 |
| 60 | 8.4 | 20.4 | 33.7 | 97.7 | 198.9 |
| 70 | 14.3 | 43.2 | 80.6 | 304.8 | 739.8 |
| 80 | 23.6 | 86.6 | 183.6 | 891.2 | 2 554.7 |
), ArticleFig(id=1239218772108702493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239184757905478210, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
采用不同活化能Ea时所估算出的相对25 ℃的降解速率
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| T/℃ | 相对降解速率(relative degradation rate) |
|---|
| Ea=12 kcal·mol-1 | Ea=17 kcal·mol-1 | Ea=19.8 kcal·mol-1 | Ea=25.8 kcal·mol-1 | Ea=29.8 kcal·mol-1 |
|---|
| 25 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 30 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
| 40 | 2.6 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 8.1 | 11.2 |
| 50 | 4.8 | 9.2 | 13.3 | 29.2 | 49.3 |
| 60 | 8.4 | 20.4 | 33.7 | 97.7 | 198.9 |
| 70 | 14.3 | 43.2 | 80.6 | 304.8 | 739.8 |
| 80 | 23.6 | 86.6 | 183.6 | 891.2 | 2 554.7 |
), ArticleFig(id=1239218772230337318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239184757905478210, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Judgement of major degradation products
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临床阶段 (clinical period) | 来源 (resource) | 判定标准(judgement criterial) |
|---|
占最大降解产物的比例 (ratio of largest degradant) | 占总降解产物的比例 (ratio of total degradant) |
|---|
| 临床前至Ⅱ期临床阶段(preclinical to phase 2) | 原料药(API) | >25% | >10% |
| 制剂(finished drug product) | >10% | >10% |
| Ⅱ期临床至NDA(phase 2 to NDA) | 原料药(API) | >10% | >10% |
| 制剂(finished drug product) | >10% | >10% |
), ArticleFig(id=1239218772322612013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239184757905478210, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
主要降解产物判定依据
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
临床阶段 (clinical period) | 来源 (resource) | 判定标准(judgement criterial) |
|---|
占最大降解产物的比例 (ratio of largest degradant) | 占总降解产物的比例 (ratio of total degradant) |
|---|
| 临床前至Ⅱ期临床阶段(preclinical to phase 2) | 原料药(API) | >25% | >10% |
| 制剂(finished drug product) | >10% | >10% |
| Ⅱ期临床至NDA(phase 2 to NDA) | 原料药(API) | >10% | >10% |
| 制剂(finished drug product) | >10% | >10% |
), ArticleFig(id=1239218772440052536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239184757905478210, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=
Proposed identified thresholds for the forced degradation based on identified thresholds from ICHQ3B
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
最大日剂量 (maximum daily dose)/mg | ICHQ3B中的鉴定限 (ID threshold from ICHQ3B)/% | 推导出的鉴定限(降解1%~5%) (ID threshold derived from ICHQ3B for stressed samples degraded 1%-5%)/% | 推导出的鉴定限(降解5%~10%) (ID threshold derived from ICHQ3B for stressed samples degraded 5%-10%)/% |
|---|
| >2 000 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.5 |
| >10~2 000 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1.0 |
| >1~10 | 0.5 | 1.25 | 2.5 |
| <1 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 5.0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1239218772612019007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239184757905478210, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
基于ICHQ3B鉴定限推出的强制降解鉴定限
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
最大日剂量 (maximum daily dose)/mg | ICHQ3B中的鉴定限 (ID threshold from ICHQ3B)/% | 推导出的鉴定限(降解1%~5%) (ID threshold derived from ICHQ3B for stressed samples degraded 1%-5%)/% | 推导出的鉴定限(降解5%~10%) (ID threshold derived from ICHQ3B for stressed samples degraded 5%-10%)/% |
|---|
| >2 000 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.5 |
| >10~2 000 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1.0 |
| >1~10 | 0.5 | 1.25 | 2.5 |
| <1 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 5.0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1239218772733653831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239184757905478210, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=
Substitutes of commonly used RP-HPLC mobile phases in LC-MS
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RP-HPLC流动相的pH (pH of RP-HPLC mobile phases) | LC-MS挥发性代替品 (volatile substitutes in LC-MS) | 浓度 (concentration) |
|---|
| 5.5~8 | 醋酸铵(ammonium acetate) | 10 mmol·L-1 |
| 4~5 | 醋酸(acetic acid) | 0.1% |
| ≈3.5 | 甲酸(formic acid) | 0.1% |
| <3 | 三氟乙酸(trifluoroacetic acid) | 0.1% |
), ArticleFig(id=1239218772846900048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239184757905478210, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
常用的RP-HPLC流动相在LC-MS中的代替品
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RP-HPLC流动相的pH (pH of RP-HPLC mobile phases) | LC-MS挥发性代替品 (volatile substitutes in LC-MS) | 浓度 (concentration) |
|---|
| 5.5~8 | 醋酸铵(ammonium acetate) | 10 mmol·L-1 |
| 4~5 | 醋酸(acetic acid) | 0.1% |
| ≈3.5 | 甲酸(formic acid) | 0.1% |
| <3 | 三氟乙酸(trifluoroacetic acid) | 0.1% |
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