Article(id=1239173813259260355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239173808419033435, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.02.20, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=1703001600000, revisedDateStr=2023-12-20, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773371659816, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1709136000000, pubDateStr=2024-02-29, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773371659816, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773371659816, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773371659816, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239173808419033435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2024', volume='44', issue='2', pageStart='185', pageEnd='372', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773371658663, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773371757717, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239174223944536397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239173808419033435, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239174223944536398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239173808419033435, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=359, endPage=367, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239173814010040822, articleId=1239173813259260355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Study on the screening and bacteriostatic efficacy of bacteriostatic agent in human interferon α1b spray*, columnId=1206272758774821315, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Standard Deliberation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective:

To explore the minimum effective inhibitory concentration of bacteriostatic agent in the prescription of human interferon α1b spray, and to determine the reasonable dosage of bacteriostatic agent.

Methods:

Biological activity detection method was used to screen bacteriostatic agents in the prescription of human interferon α1b spray preparation, determine bacteriostatic agents. The bacteriostatic efficacy was determined according to the bacteriostatic efficacy test method of general principles 1121 of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition to determine the minimum effective bacteriostatic concentration of bacteriostatic agents. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger were used as test strains to test the applicability of colony counting method. The dose screening test of bacteriostatic agent was designed to investigate the bacteriostatic effect of bacteriostatic agent with different concentrations on four kinds of experimental bacteria, and the reasonable dosage of bacteriostatic agent was selected.

Results:

Benzalkonium bromide was screened out as the bacteriostatic agent in the prescription of human interferon α1b spray. When the concentration of Benzalkonium bromide was 0.05-0.1 mg·mL-1, its bacteriostatic efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger met the grade A criteria.

Conclusion:

The minimum effective bacteriostatic concentration of benzalkonium bromide in the prescription of human interferon α1b spray is determined to be 0.05 mg·mL-1.

, correspAuthors=Jing-hui LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Lin-lin LIU, Li-zi DONG, Yue CUI, Qiu-mei ZHU, Chang SU, Yu ZHANG, Jing-hui LIU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1239173814614020625, articleId=1239173813259260355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=人干扰素α1b喷雾剂抑菌剂筛选及抑菌效力研究*, columnId=1206272758971953622, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=标准研讨, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的:

探索人干扰素α1b喷雾剂制剂处方中抑菌剂及其最低有效抑菌浓度,确定抑菌剂的合理添加剂量。

方法:

应用生物学活性检测方法进行人干扰素α1b喷雾剂制剂处方中抑菌剂的筛选,确定抑菌剂,然后按照2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》通则1121抑菌效力检查法测定抑菌效力确定抑菌剂的最低有效抑菌浓度。以金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉为试验菌株,进行菌落计数方法适用性试验。设计抑菌剂剂量筛选试验,对不同浓度的抑菌剂分别对4种试验菌的抑菌效果进行考察,筛选出抑菌剂的合理添加量。

结果:

筛选出人干扰素α1b喷雾剂制剂处方中的抑菌剂为苯扎溴铵;苯扎溴铵浓度为0.05~0.1 mg·mL-1时对金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉的抑菌效力均符合A级。

结论:

确定了人干扰素α1b喷雾剂制剂处方中抑菌剂苯扎溴铵的最低有效抑菌浓度为0.05 mg·mL-1

, correspAuthors=刘景会, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
**Tel:15843016566;E-mail:
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Tel:13756946103;E-mail:

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J Jilin Univ(Med Ed)201440(1):113, articleTitle=Detection of bacteriostatic effect and evaluation of disposable ofloxactin eye drops, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239173827545060334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=17, issue=2, pageStart=95, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=29, authorNames=朱世真, 王丽芳, 王尊文, journalName=中国药品标准, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱世真,王丽芳,王尊文,等. 常用滴眼剂抑菌效力的考察[J]. 中国药品标准201617(2):95, articleTitle=常用滴眼剂抑菌效力的考察, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239173827624752114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=17, issue=2, pageStart=95, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=30, authorNames=ZHU SZ, WANG LF, WANG ZW, journalName=Drug Stand China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHU SZWANG LFWANG ZW, et al. Investigation on bacteriostatic efficacy of common eye drops[J]. Drug Stand China201617(2):95, articleTitle=Investigation on bacteriostatic efficacy of common eye drops, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1239173822922937176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, awardId=20160307028YY, language=CN, fundingSource=*吉林省科技发展计划基金项目(20160307028YY), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239173814840513049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239173814848901658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, companyId=1239173814840513049, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Changchun Institute of Biological Products Co, Ltd, Changchun 130012, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239173814861484571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, companyId=1239173814840513049, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=长春生物制品研究所有限责任公司,长春 130012)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1239173819781403354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=The trend of biological activity detection of bacteriostatic agent screening, figureFileSmall=KKMHyKUSzC8yCmhgE/tb0A==, figureFileBig=hawKpuLSwjv5aWxfZQvjHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239173819865289442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=CN, label=图1, caption=抑菌剂筛选的生物学活性检测趋势图

1.空白对照(blank control) 2.苯扎氯铵(benzalkonium chloride) 3.苯扎溴铵(benzalkonium bromide)

, figureFileSmall=KKMHyKUSzC8yCmhgE/tb0A==, figureFileBig=hawKpuLSwjv5aWxfZQvjHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239173820079198959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Criteria for judging bacteriostatic efficacy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
判断标准
(criteria)
减少的lg值(reduced lg value)
2 d7 d14 d28 d
细菌(bacterium)A23-NI
B--3NI
真菌(fungus)A--2NI
B--1NI
), ArticleFig(id=1239173820175667963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

抑菌效力判断标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
判断标准
(criteria)
减少的lg值(reduced lg value)
2 d7 d14 d28 d
细菌(bacterium)A23-NI
B--3NI
真菌(fungus)A--2NI
B--1NI
), ArticleFig(id=1239173820280525573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Biological activity test results of bacteriostatic agent screening

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
时间
(time)/d
生物学活性(biological activity)/ (×105 IU·mL-1)
空白对照
(blank control)
苯扎氯铵
(benzalkonium chloride)
苯扎溴铵
(benzalkonium bromide)
05.004.845.18
54.444.195.05
84.164.244.69
194.134.475.53
263.493.824.77
333.353.503.77
), ArticleFig(id=1239173821807252236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

抑菌剂筛选的生物学活性检测结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
时间
(time)/d
生物学活性(biological activity)/ (×105 IU·mL-1)
空白对照
(blank control)
苯扎氯铵
(benzalkonium chloride)
苯扎溴铵
(benzalkonium bromide)
05.004.845.18
54.444.195.05
84.164.244.69
194.134.475.53
263.493.824.77
333.353.503.77
), ArticleFig(id=1239173821954052883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Test results of medium suitability

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
供试菌种类
(type of test bacteria)
被检培养基(test culture medium)对照培养基(contrast culture medium)比例
(ratio)/%
计数
(count)/cfu
均值
(average value)
计数
(count)/cfu
均值
(average value)
金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus4239394195
3542
铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa71646558110
5750
白色念珠菌(Candida albicans53555554102
5753
黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger1819202095
1919
), ArticleFig(id=1239173822071493402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

培养基适用性检查结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
供试菌种类
(type of test bacteria)
被检培养基(test culture medium)对照培养基(contrast culture medium)比例
(ratio)/%
计数
(count)/cfu
均值
(average value)
计数
(count)/cfu
均值
(average value)
金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus4239394195
3542
铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa71646558110
5750
白色念珠菌(Candida albicans53555554102
5753
黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger1819202095
1919
), ArticleFig(id=1239173822188933922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Results of applicability examination of microbial counting method

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
培养基种类
(type of culture medium)
供试液稀释级
(dilution level of test solution)
供试菌种类及计数(type and count of test bacteria)/cfu
金黄色葡萄球菌
Staphylococcus aureus
铜绿假单胞菌
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
白色念珠菌
Candida albicans
黑曲霉
Aspergillus niger
对照组(contrast group)0000
试验组(test group)1∶1069335617
63554413
平均值(average)66445015
比值(ratio)1.101.190.880.88
试验组(test group)1∶10253416018
77396616
平均值(average)65406317
比值(ratio)1.081.081.111.00
试验组(test group)1∶10371445816
55385818
平均值(average)63415817
比值(ratio)1.051.111.021.00
试验组(test group)1∶10458324612
78446620
平均值(average)68385616
比值(ratio)1.131.030.980.94
试验组(test group)1∶10551334820
67314816
平均值(average)59324818
比值(ratio)0.980.860.841.06
菌液组(bacterial liquid group)63385719
57365715
平均值(average)60375717
), ArticleFig(id=1239173822314763053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

微生物计数方法适用性检查结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
培养基种类
(type of culture medium)
供试液稀释级
(dilution level of test solution)
供试菌种类及计数(type and count of test bacteria)/cfu
金黄色葡萄球菌
Staphylococcus aureus
铜绿假单胞菌
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
白色念珠菌
Candida albicans
黑曲霉
Aspergillus niger
对照组(contrast group)0000
试验组(test group)1∶1069335617
63554413
平均值(average)66445015
比值(ratio)1.101.190.880.88
试验组(test group)1∶10253416018
77396616
平均值(average)65406317
比值(ratio)1.081.081.111.00
试验组(test group)1∶10371445816
55385818
平均值(average)63415817
比值(ratio)1.051.111.021.00
试验组(test group)1∶10458324612
78446620
平均值(average)68385616
比值(ratio)1.131.030.980.94
试验组(test group)1∶10551334820
67314816
平均值(average)59324818
比值(ratio)0.980.860.841.06
菌液组(bacterial liquid group)63385719
57365715
平均值(average)60375717
), ArticleFig(id=1239173822428009270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Results of bacteriostatic efficacy test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
苯扎溴铵浓度
(benzalkonium bromide concentration)/(mg·mL-1)
供试品中菌落计数(以lg值计)
[colony count in the test sample (calculated by lg value)]
是否符合规定
(compliance with regulations)
0 d2 d7 d14 d28 d
金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus
0.016.25.4(0.8)4.1(2.1)4.3(1.9)4.3(1.9)否(No)
0.026.05.2(0.8)3.3(2.7)3.2(2.8)3.3(2.7)否(No)
0.036.04.4(1.6)3.2(2.8)2.9(3.1)2.9(3.1)否(No)
0.045.73.7(2.0)2.6(3.1)2.5(3.2)2.5(3.2)是(Yes)
0.055.43.1(2.3)2.3(3.1)2.3(3.1)2.1(3.3)是(Yes)
0.084.82.3(2.5)1.7(3.1)1.4(3.4)1.4(3.4)是(Yes)
0.14.02.0(2.0)1.0(3.0)1.0(3.0)1.0(3.0)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)6.26.26.06.45.7是(Yes)
铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa
0.016.55.0(1.5)4.2(2.3)4.2(2.3)4.2(2.3)否(No)
0.026.45.0(1.4)4.1(2.3)4.1(2.3)4.1(2.3)否(No)
0.036.45.0(1.4)4.0(2.4)4.0(2.4)4.0(2.4)否(No)
0.046.44.0(2.4)3.0(3.4)2.9(3.5)2.9(3.5)是(Yes)
0.056.34.0(2.3)2.9(3.4)2.9(3.4)2.9(3.4)是(Yes)
0.086.34.0(2.3)2.8(3.5)2.8(3.5)2.7(3.6)是(Yes)
0.16.33.9(2.4)2.7(3.6)2.7(3.6)2.5(3.8)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)6.45.95.96.06.1是(Yes)
白色念珠菌(Candida albicans
0.016.15.1(1.0)5.2(0.9)5.1(1.0)5.1(1.0)否(No)
0.026.35.1(1.2)5.1(1.2)4.7(1.6)4.8(1.5)否(No)
0.036.25.2(1.0)4.9(1.3)4.3(1.9)4.2(2.0)否(No)
0.046.25.2(1.0)4.8(1.4)4.2(2.0)4.2(2.0)否(No)
0.056.14.0(2.1)2.7(3.4)2.1(4.0)2.0(4.1)是(Yes)
0.086.13.9(2.2)2.4(3.7)1.8(4.3)1.3(4.8)是(Yes)
0.16.23.0(3.2)2.3(3.9)1.6(4.6)1.3(4.9)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)6.16.36.36.46.4是(Yes)
黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger
0.015.34.2(1.1)4.2(1.1)4.1(1.2)3.3(2.0)否(No)
0.025.34.0(1.3)3.7(1.6)3.5(1.8)2.3(3.0)否(No)
0.035.43.5(1.9)2.1(3.3)2.0(3.4)2.0(3.4)否(No)
0.045.33.4(1.9)2.3(3.0)2.0(3.3)1.9(3.4)否(No)
0.055.43.3(2.1)2.3(3.1)1.8(3.6)1.8(3.6)是(Yes)
0.085.23.2(2.0)2.2(3.0)1.7(3.5)1.7(3.5)是(Yes)
0.15.33.1(2.2)2.1(3.2)1.5(3.8)1.5(3.8)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)5.35.25.35.45.5是(Yes)
阴性对照组(negative control group)-----是(Yes)
), ArticleFig(id=1239173822541255484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

抑菌效力检查结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
苯扎溴铵浓度
(benzalkonium bromide concentration)/(mg·mL-1)
供试品中菌落计数(以lg值计)
[colony count in the test sample (calculated by lg value)]
是否符合规定
(compliance with regulations)
0 d2 d7 d14 d28 d
金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus
0.016.25.4(0.8)4.1(2.1)4.3(1.9)4.3(1.9)否(No)
0.026.05.2(0.8)3.3(2.7)3.2(2.8)3.3(2.7)否(No)
0.036.04.4(1.6)3.2(2.8)2.9(3.1)2.9(3.1)否(No)
0.045.73.7(2.0)2.6(3.1)2.5(3.2)2.5(3.2)是(Yes)
0.055.43.1(2.3)2.3(3.1)2.3(3.1)2.1(3.3)是(Yes)
0.084.82.3(2.5)1.7(3.1)1.4(3.4)1.4(3.4)是(Yes)
0.14.02.0(2.0)1.0(3.0)1.0(3.0)1.0(3.0)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)6.26.26.06.45.7是(Yes)
铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa
0.016.55.0(1.5)4.2(2.3)4.2(2.3)4.2(2.3)否(No)
0.026.45.0(1.4)4.1(2.3)4.1(2.3)4.1(2.3)否(No)
0.036.45.0(1.4)4.0(2.4)4.0(2.4)4.0(2.4)否(No)
0.046.44.0(2.4)3.0(3.4)2.9(3.5)2.9(3.5)是(Yes)
0.056.34.0(2.3)2.9(3.4)2.9(3.4)2.9(3.4)是(Yes)
0.086.34.0(2.3)2.8(3.5)2.8(3.5)2.7(3.6)是(Yes)
0.16.33.9(2.4)2.7(3.6)2.7(3.6)2.5(3.8)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)6.45.95.96.06.1是(Yes)
白色念珠菌(Candida albicans
0.016.15.1(1.0)5.2(0.9)5.1(1.0)5.1(1.0)否(No)
0.026.35.1(1.2)5.1(1.2)4.7(1.6)4.8(1.5)否(No)
0.036.25.2(1.0)4.9(1.3)4.3(1.9)4.2(2.0)否(No)
0.046.25.2(1.0)4.8(1.4)4.2(2.0)4.2(2.0)否(No)
0.056.14.0(2.1)2.7(3.4)2.1(4.0)2.0(4.1)是(Yes)
0.086.13.9(2.2)2.4(3.7)1.8(4.3)1.3(4.8)是(Yes)
0.16.23.0(3.2)2.3(3.9)1.6(4.6)1.3(4.9)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)6.16.36.36.46.4是(Yes)
黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger
0.015.34.2(1.1)4.2(1.1)4.1(1.2)3.3(2.0)否(No)
0.025.34.0(1.3)3.7(1.6)3.5(1.8)2.3(3.0)否(No)
0.035.43.5(1.9)2.1(3.3)2.0(3.4)2.0(3.4)否(No)
0.045.33.4(1.9)2.3(3.0)2.0(3.3)1.9(3.4)否(No)
0.055.43.3(2.1)2.3(3.1)1.8(3.6)1.8(3.6)是(Yes)
0.085.23.2(2.0)2.2(3.0)1.7(3.5)1.7(3.5)是(Yes)
0.15.33.1(2.2)2.1(3.2)1.5(3.8)1.5(3.8)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)5.35.25.35.45.5是(Yes)
阴性对照组(negative control group)-----是(Yes)
), ArticleFig(id=1239173822646113093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=EN, label=Tab.6, caption=

Results of bacteriostatic efficacy test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
苯扎溴铵浓度
(benzalkonium bromide concentration)/(mg·mL-1)
供试品中菌落计数(以lg值计)
[colony count in the test sample (calculated by lg value)]
是否符合规定
(compliance with regulations)
0 d2 d7 d14 d28 d
金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus
0.046.04.9(1.1)3.9(2.1)2.9(3.1)2.7(3.3)否(No)
0.055.93.2(2.7)2.9(3.0)2.5(3.4)2.1(3.8)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)5.96.36.16.16.0是(Yes)
铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa
0.046.03.9(2.1)2.9(3.1)2.9(3.1)2.8(3.2)是(Yes)
0.056.03.9(2.1)2.9(3.1)2.9(3.1)2.6(3.4)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)6.45.86.06.16.4是(Yes)
白色念珠菌(Candida albicans
0.045.85.5(0.3)4.8(1.0)4.2(1.6)3.5(2.3)否(No)
0.055.83.3(2.5)2.7(3.1)2.3(3.5)2.3(3.5)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)5.76.16.26.16.2是(Yes)
黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger
0.045.32.3(3.0)2.3(3.0)2.3(3.0)2.3(3.0)是(Yes)
0.055.22.2(3.0)2.1(3.1)2.0(3.2)1.7(3.5)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)5.45.35.45.25.2是(Yes)
阴性对照组(negative control group)-----是(Yes)
), ArticleFig(id=1239173822750970697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173813259260355, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

抑菌效力验证检查结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
苯扎溴铵浓度
(benzalkonium bromide concentration)/(mg·mL-1)
供试品中菌落计数(以lg值计)
[colony count in the test sample (calculated by lg value)]
是否符合规定
(compliance with regulations)
0 d2 d7 d14 d28 d
金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus
0.046.04.9(1.1)3.9(2.1)2.9(3.1)2.7(3.3)否(No)
0.055.93.2(2.7)2.9(3.0)2.5(3.4)2.1(3.8)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)5.96.36.16.16.0是(Yes)
铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa
0.046.03.9(2.1)2.9(3.1)2.9(3.1)2.8(3.2)是(Yes)
0.056.03.9(2.1)2.9(3.1)2.9(3.1)2.6(3.4)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)6.45.86.06.16.4是(Yes)
白色念珠菌(Candida albicans
0.045.85.5(0.3)4.8(1.0)4.2(1.6)3.5(2.3)否(No)
0.055.83.3(2.5)2.7(3.1)2.3(3.5)2.3(3.5)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)5.76.16.26.16.2是(Yes)
黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger
0.045.32.3(3.0)2.3(3.0)2.3(3.0)2.3(3.0)是(Yes)
0.055.22.2(3.0)2.1(3.1)2.0(3.2)1.7(3.5)是(Yes)
阳性对照组(positive control group)5.45.35.45.25.2是(Yes)
阴性对照组(negative control group)-----是(Yes)
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人干扰素α1b喷雾剂抑菌剂筛选及抑菌效力研究*
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刘琳琳 , 董历子 , 崔越 , 朱秋媚 , 苏畅 , 张宇 , 刘景会 **
药物分析杂志 | 标准研讨 2024,44(2): 359-367
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药物分析杂志 | 标准研讨 2024, 44(2): 359-367
人干扰素α1b喷雾剂抑菌剂筛选及抑菌效力研究*
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刘琳琳 , 董历子, 崔越, 朱秋媚, 苏畅, 张宇, 刘景会**
作者信息
  • 长春生物制品研究所有限责任公司,长春 130012
  • Tel:13756946103;E-mail:

通讯作者:

**Tel:15843016566;E-mail:
Study on the screening and bacteriostatic efficacy of bacteriostatic agent in human interferon α1b spray*
Lin-lin LIU , Li-zi DONG, Yue CUI, Qiu-mei ZHU, Chang SU, Yu ZHANG, Jing-hui LIU**
Affiliations
  • Changchun Institute of Biological Products Co, Ltd, Changchun 130012, China
出版时间: 2024-02-29 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.02.20
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目的:

探索人干扰素α1b喷雾剂制剂处方中抑菌剂及其最低有效抑菌浓度,确定抑菌剂的合理添加剂量。

方法:

应用生物学活性检测方法进行人干扰素α1b喷雾剂制剂处方中抑菌剂的筛选,确定抑菌剂,然后按照2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》通则1121抑菌效力检查法测定抑菌效力确定抑菌剂的最低有效抑菌浓度。以金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉为试验菌株,进行菌落计数方法适用性试验。设计抑菌剂剂量筛选试验,对不同浓度的抑菌剂分别对4种试验菌的抑菌效果进行考察,筛选出抑菌剂的合理添加量。

结果:

筛选出人干扰素α1b喷雾剂制剂处方中的抑菌剂为苯扎溴铵;苯扎溴铵浓度为0.05~0.1 mg·mL-1时对金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉的抑菌效力均符合A级。

结论:

确定了人干扰素α1b喷雾剂制剂处方中抑菌剂苯扎溴铵的最低有效抑菌浓度为0.05 mg·mL-1

人干扰素α1b  /  喷雾剂  /  抑菌剂  /  苯扎溴铵  /  抑菌效力  /  最低有效抑菌浓度
Objective:

To explore the minimum effective inhibitory concentration of bacteriostatic agent in the prescription of human interferon α1b spray, and to determine the reasonable dosage of bacteriostatic agent.

Methods:

Biological activity detection method was used to screen bacteriostatic agents in the prescription of human interferon α1b spray preparation, determine bacteriostatic agents. The bacteriostatic efficacy was determined according to the bacteriostatic efficacy test method of general principles 1121 of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition to determine the minimum effective bacteriostatic concentration of bacteriostatic agents. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger were used as test strains to test the applicability of colony counting method. The dose screening test of bacteriostatic agent was designed to investigate the bacteriostatic effect of bacteriostatic agent with different concentrations on four kinds of experimental bacteria, and the reasonable dosage of bacteriostatic agent was selected.

Results:

Benzalkonium bromide was screened out as the bacteriostatic agent in the prescription of human interferon α1b spray. When the concentration of Benzalkonium bromide was 0.05-0.1 mg·mL-1, its bacteriostatic efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger met the grade A criteria.

Conclusion:

The minimum effective bacteriostatic concentration of benzalkonium bromide in the prescription of human interferon α1b spray is determined to be 0.05 mg·mL-1.

human interferon α1b  /  spray  /  bacteriostatic agent  /  benzalkonium bromide  /  bacteriostatic efficacy  /  minimum effective bacteriostatic concentration
刘琳琳, 董历子, 崔越, 朱秋媚, 苏畅, 张宇, 刘景会. 人干扰素α1b喷雾剂抑菌剂筛选及抑菌效力研究*. 药物分析杂志, 2024 , 44 (2) : 359 -367 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.02.20
Lin-lin LIU, Li-zi DONG, Yue CUI, Qiu-mei ZHU, Chang SU, Yu ZHANG, Jing-hui LIU. Study on the screening and bacteriostatic efficacy of bacteriostatic agent in human interferon α1b spray*[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2024 , 44 (2) : 359 -367 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.02.20
人干扰素α1b喷雾剂为多剂量包装的液体型喷雾剂,通过鼻腔给药,药物经鼻黏膜的吸收,发挥治疗上呼吸道病毒感染的作用。按照2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》(简称《中国药典》)三部制剂通则0106鼻用制剂的规定[1]8,鼻用制剂溶液应澄清,不得有沉淀和异物,无刺激性,对鼻黏膜及其纤毛不应产生毒副作用,多剂量水性介质鼻用制剂应添加适宜浓度的抑菌剂。
鼻用制剂中常加入的抑菌剂种类:第一类为酸及盐类,如苯酚、间甲酚、苯甲醇、苯甲酸、山梨酸等;第二类为醇类,如三氯叔丁醇等;第三类为酯类,如对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯;第四类为季铵盐类,如苯扎氯铵、苯扎溴铵[2]
因本制剂为喷鼻剂,不能选择有特别刺激性气味的抑菌剂。因为苯酚、间甲酚有酚臭,山梨酸有微弱特异臭,三氯叔丁醇有陈腐、樟脑的特臭气味;苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯和对羟基苯甲酸丁酯对眼睛和粘膜有轻度刺激,不适宜用作鼻和眼用制剂;苯甲醇抑菌谱较窄,且不稳定,易被氧化成苯甲醛和苯甲醚[3]。因此,都不宜选作人干扰素α1b喷雾剂的抑菌剂。
苯扎氯铵和苯扎溴铵是眼用制剂和鼻用制剂应用最广泛的抑菌剂,有轻微芬芳气臭味,极易溶于水,酸碱度pH为5~8,对细菌、酵母菌和霉菌都有广泛的抑制作用,在pH 4~10之间均有抗菌活性,活性随pH升高而增强。综上所述,结合本制剂的自身特点并对比各种抑菌剂的性能,拟选择苯扎氯铵和苯扎溴铵进行人干扰素α1b喷雾剂的抑菌剂筛选。
对于生物制品而言,生物学活性是药品储存过程中的易变指标,同时,也是确保药品有效性的关键指标,因此,评价制剂处方的优劣也应以制剂处方是否能保证药品生物学活性恒定或延缓生物学活性降低为衡量标准。且生物制品大多对温度敏感,一般存储温度为2~8 ℃,高温可导致药品在较短的储存期内即产生生物学活性下降的现象,因此,根据2020年版《中国药典》三部通则3523干扰素生物学活性测定法(第二法报告基因法)和通则9402生物制品稳定性试验指导原则,通过37 ℃高温加速试验,对生物学活性进行不同时间点取样监测,即可在短期内初步对比出制剂中抑菌剂保护效果的优劣[1]354
制剂处方中的抑菌剂抑菌效力应符合2020年版《中国药典》三部通则1121抑菌效力检查法的相应规定[1]176,对不同浓度的抑菌剂的抑菌效力进行测试,筛选出最低有效抑菌浓度,从而确定抑菌剂的合理添加剂量。
ESJ200-4B万分之一电子天平(沈阳亮衡天平仪器有限公司);BSC-1300IIA2生物安全柜(苏净集团苏州安泰空气技术有限公司);XDS-1B倒置显微镜(重庆光电仪器有限公司);SYNERGY/HTX化学发光酶标仪(Biotek公司);E191IR二氧化碳培养箱(西蒙国际集团西蒙(北京)仪器有限公司);GF120DR立式自动压力蒸汽灭菌器(致微(厦门)仪器有限公司);DHF-9272电热恒温培养箱(上海一恒科学仪器有限公司)。
金黄色葡萄球菌[CMCC(B)26003](批号9a4-1)、绿脓假单胞菌[CMCC(B)10104](批号2a29-2)、白色念珠菌[CMCC(F)98001](批号2a22-2)、黑曲霉[CMCC(F)98003](批号0A1005)均购自中国食品药品检定研究院,为0代菌种。
胰酪大豆胨琼脂培养基(TSA)(批号200TSAII202114)、沙氏葡萄糖琼脂培养基(SDA)(批号200SDA202104)、胰酪大豆胨液体培养基(TSB)(批号100TSB202134)、沙氏葡萄糖液体培养基(SDB)(批号100SDB202104)均来自长春生物制品研究所有限责任公司培养基室,依据2020年版《中国药典》三部通则1121抑菌效力检查法进行培养基适用性检查,结果符合规定。
胰酪大豆胨琼脂对照培养基(批号135025-202105)、沙式葡萄糖琼脂对照培养基(批号135013-202104)购自中国食品药品检定研究院,均按使用说明书配制。
苯扎氯铵(批号201103,纯度99.7%)购自江西阿尔法高科技有限公司),苯扎溴铵(批号210401,纯度96.0%)购自四川博利恒药业有限公司,MEM细胞培养基(批号32621004)购自Corning、消化液(批号2462633)购自Gibco,胎牛血清(批号20080501)购自浙江天杭生物科技股份有限公司,细胞裂解液(批号0000521244)购自Promega公司,荧光素酶报告基因检测试剂盒(批号7E652E2)购自Promega公司。
HEK293puroISRE-Luc细胞购自中国食品药品检定研究院。
人干扰素α1b喷雾剂样品(长春生物制品研究所有限责任公司),苯扎溴铵含量分别为0.01、0.02、0.03、0.04、0.05、0.08和0.1 mg·mL-1,样品编号依次为B-1、B-2、B-3、B-4、B-5、B-6、B-7。
人干扰素α1b喷雾剂样品(含苯扎氯铵或苯扎溴铵),分别用电子天平称量2 mg的苯扎氯铵和苯扎溴铵加入到100 mL的人干扰素α1b喷雾剂样品溶液中混匀,使其中苯扎氯铵和苯扎溴铵的含量均为0.02 mg·mL-1
重组人干扰素α1b国家活性标准品(批号97/01,中国食品药品检定研究院),中国细菌浊度标准国家标准品(批号230021-202162,每支4.5 mL,中国食品药品检定研究院)。
参照FDA非活性成分搜索已批准的药品(Inactive Ingredient Search for Approved Drug Products),苯扎溴铵作为眼科制剂抑菌剂的最大剂量为0.01%。参照《药用辅料手册》(第六版)[4],苯扎氯铵浓度为0.002%~0.02%(w/v)时可用作鼻用和耳用制剂的的抑菌防腐剂。因此,在人干扰素α1b喷雾剂制剂处方溶液中分别加入0.02 mg·mL-1苯扎氯铵和0.02 mg·mL-1苯扎溴铵进行筛选。将未加入抑菌剂的制剂处方溶液作为空白对照。空白对照与加入抑菌剂的制剂处方溶液均分别过滤除菌后分装,空白对照标记编号为1-0,加入0.02 mg·mL-1苯扎氯铵的标记编号为1-1,加入0.02 mg·mL-1苯扎溴铵的标记编号为1-2,全部避光置于37 ℃电热恒温培养箱中,选5个时间点取样,进行生物学活性检测。
依据2020年版《中国药典》三部通则1211抑菌效力检查法分别制备金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉的菌液。
依据2020年版《中国药典》三部通则1211抑菌效力检查法进行培养基适用性检查,合格标准为:若被检培养基上的菌落平均数不小于对照培养基上菌落平均数的50%,且菌落形态大小与对照培养基上的菌落一致,判定培养基的适用性检查符合规定。
参照FDA. Inactive Ingredient Search for Approved Drug Products,设计抑菌剂剂量筛选试验,用不同浓度的抑菌剂分别对4种试验菌的抑菌效果进行考察,筛选出抑菌剂的合理添加量。苯扎溴铵作为眼科制剂抑菌剂的最大剂量为0.01%。因此,将苯扎溴铵的抑菌浓度0.001%~0.01%作为筛选点,有效抑菌浓度筛选点确定为0.01、0.02、0.03、0.04、0.05、0.08和0.10 mg·mL-1,依次按照处方配制供试品。将含有不同浓度苯扎溴铵的人干扰素α1b喷雾剂样品标记编号B-1、B-2、B-3、B-4、B-5、B-6、B-7。
依据2020年版《中国药典》三部通则1105非无菌产品微生物限度检查:微生物计数法进行计数方法适用性试验[1]160,本试验采用平皿法中的倾注法进行微生物计数。合格标准为:试验组菌落数减去供试品对照组菌落数的值与菌液对照组菌落数的比值应在0.5~2范围内。
供试品制备至加入检验用培养基,不得超过1 h,并使其中含有0.10 mg·mL-1(抑菌剂拟筛选浓度的上限)的苯扎溴铵,以验证针对本供试品的微生物计数方法是否适用性良好。取供试品,用pH 7.0无菌氯化钠-蛋白胨缓冲液,或pH 7.2磷酸盐缓冲液,或胰酪大豆胨液体培养基溶解或稀释制成1∶10供试品。要控制供试品pH至6~8。必要时,用同一稀释液将供试品进一步10倍系列稀释。所加菌液的体积应不超过供试品体积的1%。为确认供试品中的微生物能被充分检出,首先应选择最低稀释级的供试品进行计数方法适用性试验。
(1)试验组:取试验可能用的最低稀释级(1∶10、1∶102、1∶103、1∶104、1∶105)供试品加入菌液混匀,使1 mL供试品中含菌量为10~100 cfu。
(2)菌液组:取与试验组供试品的相同体积的稀释液加入菌液混匀,使1 mL稀释液中含菌量为10~100 cfu。
(3)供试品对照组:取试验可能用的最低稀释级(1∶10、1∶102、1∶103、1∶104、1∶105)供试品加入与菌液相同体积的稀释液混匀。
以上3组均取1 mL注入平皿中,立即倾注培养基(测定细菌用胰酪大豆胨琼脂培养基,混匀,凝固,倒置培养,培养条件为30~35 ℃培养2 d,不超过3 d;测定真菌用沙氏葡萄糖琼脂培养基,培养条件为20~25 ℃培养3 d,不超过5 d,下同),每株试验菌平行制备2个平皿,按平皿法测定其菌数。
取相同体积的未加入抑菌剂苯扎溴铵的供试品溶液做阳性对照;将配制好的每1种供试品溶液和阳性对照溶液分作4份,每份9.9 mL,分别接种金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌、黑曲霉菌悬液,每1 mL供试品的接菌量为105~106 cfu,接种菌液的体积(0.1 mL)不得超过供试品体积的1%,充分混合,使试验菌均匀分布,然后置20~25 ℃避光贮存。
在供试品刚接种(0时)及规定的时间间隔(5、8、19、26、33 d)取样,每份供试品取样1 mL(共28份),用pH 7.0无菌氯化钠-蛋白胨缓冲液分别进行10倍系列稀释(1∶10、1∶102、1∶103、1∶104、1∶105),备用。每稀释级每种培养基至少制备2个平板,取稀释后浓度≤100 cfu·mL-1的供试品各1 mL,分别加入到无菌平皿中。
接种金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌的供试品和稀释液注入15~20 mL温度不超过45 ℃熔化的胰酪大豆胨琼脂培养基,接种的每个平板平行制备2个,混匀、凝固,倒置30~35 ℃培养3~5 d。接种白色念珠菌、黑曲霉菌悬液的供试品和稀释液注入15~20 mL温度不超过45 ℃熔化的沙氏葡萄糖琼脂培养基,接种的每个平板平行制备2个,混匀、凝固,倒置20~25 ℃培养5~7 d,分别观察菌落生长情况,点计平板上生长的所有菌落数,菌落蔓延生长成片的平板不宜计数,计算各稀释级供试液的平均菌落数,按菌数报告规则报告菌数,计数并报告,若同稀释级的2个平板的菌落数平均值≥15,则2个平板的菌落数不能相差1倍或以上。以稀释液代替供试品溶液进行阴性对照试验,阴性对照试验应无菌生长。
2020年版《中国药典》三部通则1211抑菌效力检查法供试品(耳用制剂、鼻用制剂、皮肤给药制剂、吸入制剂)抑菌效力评价标准见表1,表中的“减少的lg值”是指各间隔时间测定的菌数lg值与1 mL供试品中接种的菌数lg值的相差值。表中“A”是指应达到的抑菌效力标准,特殊情况下,如抑菌剂可能增加不良反应的风险,则至少应达到“B”的抑菌效力标准。试验结果按有效数字的修约规则进舍,保留小数点后1位有效数字。结果符合“抑菌剂抑菌效力判断标准表”要求可判定该产品抑菌效力符合规定。
人干扰素α1b喷雾剂制剂处方抑菌剂筛选的生物学活性检测结果见表2,生物学活性变化趋势见图1,由生物学活性检测结果及变化趋势图分析可知,相对于空白对照来说,加入抑菌剂苯扎溴铵要比苯扎氯铵的制剂溶液干扰素生物学活性趋势有可视效果上的减缓;因此,最终选择季铵盐类的苯扎溴铵作为人干扰素α1b喷雾剂的抑菌剂。
培养基适用性检查结果见表3,被检培养基上的菌落平均数不小于对照培养基上菌落平均数的50%,且菌落形态大小与对照培养基上的菌落一致,所以可以判定本公司培养基室提供的胰酪大豆胨琼脂培养基和沙氏葡萄糖琼脂培养基的适用性良好,可满足试验需求。
微生物计数方法适用性检查结果见表4,试验组菌落数减去供试品对照组菌落数的值与菌液对照组菌落数的比值均在0.5~2范围内;所以可以判定应用平皿法中的倾注法进行微生物计数,方法适用性良好,可满足本制剂抑菌剂最低有效浓度筛选过程中的微生物计数要求。
抑菌效力检查结果见表5,根据抑菌效力判断标准可以看出,苯扎溴铵浓度为0.04~0.1 mg·mL-1时对金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌的抑菌效力均符合A级;苯扎溴铵浓度为0.05~0.1 mg·mL-1时对白色念珠菌、黑曲霉的抑菌效力均符合A级;继续采用苯扎溴铵抑菌浓度为0.04 mg·mL-1和0.05 mg·mL-1进行抑菌效力验证。
抑菌效力检查验证结果见表6,根据抑菌效力判断标准可以看出,苯扎溴铵浓度为0.04~0.1 mg·mL-1时对铜绿假单胞菌和黑曲霉的抑菌效力均符合A级;苯扎溴铵浓度为0.05~0.1 mg·mL-1时对金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌的抑菌效力均符合A级;确定了人干扰素α1b喷雾剂制剂处方中抑菌剂苯扎溴铵的最低有效抑菌浓度为0.05 mg·mL-1,苯扎溴铵的合理添加剂量为0.05~0.1 mg·mL-1
本文采用生物学活性检测方法筛选了人干扰素α1b喷雾剂制剂处方中抑菌剂。结果可以看出,相对于空白对照来说,抑菌剂苯扎溴铵比苯扎氯铵对蛋白的保护效果要好一点,所以,最终选择苯扎溴铵作为人干扰素α1b喷雾剂的抑菌剂进行抑菌效力测定。
由于任何一种抑菌剂均具有一定的毒性,因此,制剂中抑菌剂的量应为最低有效量,同时,为保证用药安全,成品制剂中的抑菌剂有效浓度应低于对人体有害的浓度[5-12]。已有文献表明了苯扎溴铵具有良好的抑菌性。抑菌效力测试对于药品制剂的用药安全非常重要,对于抑菌剂的添加一定要在最低有效量的范围内,不能过少,更不能肆意添加[13-16]
苯扎溴铵毒性低,对皮肤黏膜也是低刺激性,急性毒性的半数致死量(LD50,大鼠、口服)为230 mg·kg-1,参照FDA. Inactive Ingredient Search for Approved Drug Products,苯扎溴铵作为眼科制剂的抑菌剂的最大剂量为0.01%[17]。本文依据2020年版《中国药典》通则1121抑菌效力检查法,以金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉为试验菌株,进行培养基适用性检查,菌落计数方法适用性检查,及不同浓度的苯扎溴铵分别对4种试验菌的抑菌效力检查及验证。在培养基适用性良好,应用平皿法中的倾注法进行微生物计数,方法适用性良好的基础上,确定了苯扎溴铵的最低有效抑菌浓度为0.05 mg·mL-1,苯扎溴铵的合理添加剂量为0.05~0.1 mg·mL-1。既达到了抑制微生物生长的目的,又使抑菌剂苯扎溴铵对人体的刺激和损害降至最低,以确保产品质量可靠,安全有效和稳定。
  • *吉林省科技发展计划基金项目(20160307028YY)
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2024年第44卷第2期
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.02.20
  • 首发时间:2026-03-13
  • 出版时间:2024-02-29
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  • 修回日期:2023-12-20
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*吉林省科技发展计划基金项目(20160307028YY)
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    长春生物制品研究所有限责任公司,长春 130012

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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