Article(id=1239173811006927507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239173808419033435, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.02.19, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=1697990400000, revisedDateStr=2023-10-23, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773371659279, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1709136000000, pubDateStr=2024-02-29, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773371659279, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773371659279, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773371659279, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239173808419033435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2024', volume='44', issue='2', pageStart='185', pageEnd='372', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773371658663, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773371757717, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239174223944536397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239173808419033435, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239174223944536398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1239173808419033435, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=351, endPage=358, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239173811296334486, articleId=1239173811006927507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Improvement of determination method for cefixime granules related substances*, columnId=1206272758774821315, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Standard Deliberation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective:

To improve the liquid chromatographic determination method of cefixime granules related substance.

Methods:

High performance liquid chromatography was used, YMC-Triart C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was selected, 0.05 mol·L-1 ammonium formate solution (pH 4.7)-methanol was used as mobile phase, flow rate was 1 mL·min-1, and gradient washing was carried out.The injection volume was 10 μL. The detection wavelength was 254 nm.

Results:

This chromatographic condition was applied to the detection of cefixime granules. The differences between this method, the pharmacopeial method and the method of USP PF 2018 were compared, and the systematic methodological verification of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision and durability were completed. Using pharmacopeial methods, baseline separation of degradation impurities A1~A4 or impurities B1~B4 cannot be reached, and current methods cannot be used to determine polymer B and polymer D. The method proposed in this article can make the resolution between cefixime and each specific impurities meet the requirements (R ≥1.5), and can detect and quantify polymer B and polymer D at the same time, and the resolution was better than the current method.

Conclusion:

This method improves the separation between cefixime and impurities, more impurities is detected and can accurate quantify specific impurities. This method has high sensitivity and good repeatability, and is suitable for the quality control of cefixime.

, correspAuthors=Jian-song WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Bing-e HUANG, Guo-wei CAI, Lin GAO, Yan-qiong SU, Jian-song WANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1239173813825499844, articleId=1239173811006927507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=头孢克肟颗粒有关物质测定方法的改进*, columnId=1206272758971953622, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=标准研讨, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的:

改进头孢克肟颗粒有关物质的液相色谱测定方法。

方法:

使用高效液相色谱仪,选择YMC-Triart C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),以0.05 mol·L-1甲酸铵溶液(pH 4.7)-甲醇为流动相,流速1 mL·min-1,进行梯度洗脱,进样量为10 μL,检测波长为254 nm。

结果:

将该色谱条件应用于头孢克肟颗粒有关物质的检测,对比了本文方法与药典方法(含USP PF 2018版)中有关物质测定方法之间的差异,并完成了专属性、线性、准确度、精密度和耐用性等系统的方法学验证。药典方法均无法同时使主要降解杂质A1~A4或杂质B1~B4基线分离,且无法用于测定聚合物杂质B及聚合物杂质D。本文方法头孢克肟、各特定杂质之间的分离度均符合要求(R≥1.5),可同时检测并定量聚合物B及聚合物D,分离度优于药典方法。

结论:

本方法改进了头孢克肟、各杂质间的分离度,杂质检出个数更多,能准确定量各特定杂质,灵敏度较高,重复性较好,适用于头孢克肟的质量控制。

, correspAuthors=王健松, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
**Tel:(020)87094808;E-mail:
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Tel:(020)87063566;E-mail:

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1.头孢克肟(cefixime)

, figureFileSmall=yjtf8oVEspBbLbNOgNE1qw==, figureFileBig=QxNEPWLyo77qxEfNNQjGsg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239173819114517484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173811006927507, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Selective solution chromatogram of improved method, figureFileSmall=246IA0L7QMHp674dGgPyrA==, figureFileBig=Xjqwan/Vi+v5kb0bj2koTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239173819206792178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173811006927507, language=CN, label=图3, caption=改进方法的选择性溶液色谱图

1.头孢克肟(cefixime)

, figureFileSmall=246IA0L7QMHp674dGgPyrA==, figureFileBig=Xjqwan/Vi+v5kb0bj2koTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239173819299066873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173811006927507, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Chromatogram of sample solution of cefixime granules, figureFileSmall=AB7hW0GH0wpYCUQbvFBO5w==, figureFileBig=7/k7fO4SwyM0+3ymy8ypjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239173819387146242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173811006927507, language=CN, label=图4, caption=头孢克肟颗粒供试品溶液的色谱图

1.头孢克肟(cefixime)

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1.头孢克肟(cefixime)

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Test results of related substances in cefixime granules

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
有关物质
(impurity)
含量(content)/%
30 ℃/60%RH-1个月(30 ℃/60% RH-1 month)40 ℃/75%RH-6个月(40 ℃/75% RH-6 months)
批次(lot No.)
02220101
批次(lot No.)
0222010
批次(lot No.)
02220101
批次(lot No.)
02220102
ChP
2020
USP PF
2018
本法
(this method)
本法
(this method)
ChP
2020
USP PF
2018
本法
(this method)
本法
(this method)
A10.230.140.160.150.610.510.600.47
A2//0.070.06/0.200.190.17
A3//0.050.05//0.050.06
A4//0.090.08//0.100.11
B1////0.500.280.290.30
B2/////0.260.300.31
B3////0.170.190.110.12
B4//////0.100.08
C////////
D////////
E0.080.100.110.100.140.090.110.10
F////////
G////////
聚合物B(polymer B)//0.060.05////
聚合物D(polymer D)////////
其他单杂(other impurities)0.080.050.050.060.090.080.070.08
总杂(total impurity)0.390.290.590.551.51.61.91.8
), ArticleFig(id=1239173819949183011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173811006927507, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

头孢克肟颗粒有关物质检验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
有关物质
(impurity)
含量(content)/%
30 ℃/60%RH-1个月(30 ℃/60% RH-1 month)40 ℃/75%RH-6个月(40 ℃/75% RH-6 months)
批次(lot No.)
02220101
批次(lot No.)
0222010
批次(lot No.)
02220101
批次(lot No.)
02220102
ChP
2020
USP PF
2018
本法
(this method)
本法
(this method)
ChP
2020
USP PF
2018
本法
(this method)
本法
(this method)
A10.230.140.160.150.610.510.600.47
A2//0.070.06/0.200.190.17
A3//0.050.05//0.050.06
A4//0.090.08//0.100.11
B1////0.500.280.290.30
B2/////0.260.300.31
B3////0.170.190.110.12
B4//////0.100.08
C////////
D////////
E0.080.100.110.100.140.090.110.10
F////////
G////////
聚合物B(polymer B)//0.060.05////
聚合物D(polymer D)////////
其他单杂(other impurities)0.080.050.050.060.090.080.070.08
总杂(total impurity)0.390.290.590.551.51.61.91.8
), ArticleFig(id=1239173820049846313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173811006927507, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Linearity,LOQ and LOD

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组分
(component)
线性方程
(linear equation)
rLOQ/(μg·mL-1)LOD/(μg·mL-1)
头孢克肟(cefixime)Y=0.479 4X+0.006 90.999 90.3050.203
杂质A(impurity A)Y=0.360 4X+0.023 80.999 80.4970.259
杂质B(impurity B)(7Z)(B1、B2)Y=0.435 8X-0.014 90.999 80.2110.114
杂质B(impurity B)(7E)(B3、B4)Y=0.437 4X-0.013 20.999 70.2380.120
杂质C(impurity C)Y=0.470 2X+0.002 10.999 80.1330.071
杂质D(impurity D)Y=0.494 2X+0.003 50.999 90.2700.148
杂质E(impurity E)Y=0.521X+0.002 20.999 70.1300.079
杂质F(impurity F)Y=0.399 6X+0.004 60.999 90.1350.074
杂质G(impurity G)Y=0.413 2X+0.015 80.999 90.1250.081
聚合物B(polymer B)Y=0.42X-0.006 00.999 60.3080.164
聚合物D(polymer D)Y=0.420 2X-0.003 00.999 90.2020.113
), ArticleFig(id=1239173820163092533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1239173811006927507, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

线性、定量限及检测限

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组分
(component)
线性方程
(linear equation)
rLOQ/(μg·mL-1)LOD/(μg·mL-1)
头孢克肟(cefixime)Y=0.479 4X+0.006 90.999 90.3050.203
杂质A(impurity A)Y=0.360 4X+0.023 80.999 80.4970.259
杂质B(impurity B)(7Z)(B1、B2)Y=0.435 8X-0.014 90.999 80.2110.114
杂质B(impurity B)(7E)(B3、B4)Y=0.437 4X-0.013 20.999 70.2380.120
杂质C(impurity C)Y=0.470 2X+0.002 10.999 80.1330.071
杂质D(impurity D)Y=0.494 2X+0.003 50.999 90.2700.148
杂质E(impurity E)Y=0.521X+0.002 20.999 70.1300.079
杂质F(impurity F)Y=0.399 6X+0.004 60.999 90.1350.074
杂质G(impurity G)Y=0.413 2X+0.015 80.999 90.1250.081
聚合物B(polymer B)Y=0.42X-0.006 00.999 60.3080.164
聚合物D(polymer D)Y=0.420 2X-0.003 00.999 90.2020.113
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头孢克肟颗粒有关物质测定方法的改进*
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黄冰娥 , 蔡国伟 , 高琳 , 苏燕琼 , 王健松 **
药物分析杂志 | 标准研讨 2024,44(2): 351-358
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药物分析杂志 | 标准研讨 2024, 44(2): 351-358
头孢克肟颗粒有关物质测定方法的改进*
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黄冰娥 , 蔡国伟, 高琳, 苏燕琼, 王健松**
作者信息
  • 广州白云山医药集团股份有限公司 白云山制药总厂 广东省化学药原料与制剂关键技术研究重点实验室,广州 510515
  • Tel:(020)87063566;E-mail:

通讯作者:

**Tel:(020)87094808;E-mail:
Improvement of determination method for cefixime granules related substances*
Bing-e HUANG , Guo-wei CAI, Lin GAO, Yan-qiong SU, Jian-song WANG**
Affiliations
  • Guangzhou Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical Group Co, Ltd, Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical Factory, Key Laboratory of key Technology Research on Chemical Raw Materials and Preparations of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, China
出版时间: 2024-02-29 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.02.19
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目的:

改进头孢克肟颗粒有关物质的液相色谱测定方法。

方法:

使用高效液相色谱仪,选择YMC-Triart C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),以0.05 mol·L-1甲酸铵溶液(pH 4.7)-甲醇为流动相,流速1 mL·min-1,进行梯度洗脱,进样量为10 μL,检测波长为254 nm。

结果:

将该色谱条件应用于头孢克肟颗粒有关物质的检测,对比了本文方法与药典方法(含USP PF 2018版)中有关物质测定方法之间的差异,并完成了专属性、线性、准确度、精密度和耐用性等系统的方法学验证。药典方法均无法同时使主要降解杂质A1~A4或杂质B1~B4基线分离,且无法用于测定聚合物杂质B及聚合物杂质D。本文方法头孢克肟、各特定杂质之间的分离度均符合要求(R≥1.5),可同时检测并定量聚合物B及聚合物D,分离度优于药典方法。

结论:

本方法改进了头孢克肟、各杂质间的分离度,杂质检出个数更多,能准确定量各特定杂质,灵敏度较高,重复性较好,适用于头孢克肟的质量控制。

头孢克肟  /  有关物质  /  特定杂质  /  降解杂质  /  聚合物  /  高效液相色谱法  /  分离度  /  基线分离
Objective:

To improve the liquid chromatographic determination method of cefixime granules related substance.

Methods:

High performance liquid chromatography was used, YMC-Triart C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was selected, 0.05 mol·L-1 ammonium formate solution (pH 4.7)-methanol was used as mobile phase, flow rate was 1 mL·min-1, and gradient washing was carried out.The injection volume was 10 μL. The detection wavelength was 254 nm.

Results:

This chromatographic condition was applied to the detection of cefixime granules. The differences between this method, the pharmacopeial method and the method of USP PF 2018 were compared, and the systematic methodological verification of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision and durability were completed. Using pharmacopeial methods, baseline separation of degradation impurities A1~A4 or impurities B1~B4 cannot be reached, and current methods cannot be used to determine polymer B and polymer D. The method proposed in this article can make the resolution between cefixime and each specific impurities meet the requirements (R ≥1.5), and can detect and quantify polymer B and polymer D at the same time, and the resolution was better than the current method.

Conclusion:

This method improves the separation between cefixime and impurities, more impurities is detected and can accurate quantify specific impurities. This method has high sensitivity and good repeatability, and is suitable for the quality control of cefixime.

cefixime  /  related substances  /  specific impurities  /  degradation impurities  /  polymer impurities  /  HPLC  /  resolution  /  baseline separation
黄冰娥, 蔡国伟, 高琳, 苏燕琼, 王健松. 头孢克肟颗粒有关物质测定方法的改进*. 药物分析杂志, 2024 , 44 (2) : 351 -358 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.02.19
Bing-e HUANG, Guo-wei CAI, Lin GAO, Yan-qiong SU, Jian-song WANG. Improvement of determination method for cefixime granules related substances*[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2024 , 44 (2) : 351 -358 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.02.19
头孢克肟为第三代头孢菌素类口服抗生素,主要用于治疗敏感菌所致的泌尿、呼吸和胆道等部位的感染[1-2],目前国内有片剂、胶囊、分散片、干混悬剂和颗粒剂等多种剂型上市销售。头孢克肟为β-内酰胺类化合物,稳定性差,易降解,杂质种类也相对复杂,且常含有聚合物杂质[3-4]。已知的头孢克肟杂质A1~A4、B1~B4、C、D、E、F、G和聚合物B、D的结构如图1所示,其中,主要降解杂质A1~A4为异构体,降解杂质B1~B2的C-7位侧链为顺式,降解杂质B3~B4的C-7位侧链为反式。USP PF 2018[5]将杂质A1~A4、B1~B2、C、D、E、F、G列为特定杂质,文献[4]建议将聚合物B、D列为头孢克肟质量控制的指针性聚合物杂质。USP PF 2018中头孢克肟有关物质的检测以醋酸铵(pH 4.2)-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》(简称ChP 2020) [6]、USP 2023[7]、JP 18[8]、EP 11.0[9]、BP 2023[10]则均以四丁基氢氧化铵溶液-乙腈为流动相进行等度洗脱。应用过程中发现,上述分析方法均无法同时使主要降解杂质A1~A4或杂质B1~B4有效分离,且无法测定聚合物B、D。本文在药典标准和相关文献[11-14]报道方法的基础上,建立了反相高效液相色谱法测定头孢克肟及其制剂的有关物质,以甲酸铵(pH 4.7)-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,可使头孢克肟与相邻杂质峰、各杂质峰之间的分离度(R)均≥1.5,改进了各组分间的分离度,基线噪音较小,能同时测定上述特定聚合物B、D,无需另外使用分子排阻色谱法测定上述聚合物杂质,提高了检验效率,更好地保障了产品的质量。
Thermo UltiMate 3000高效液相色谱分析仪(DAD检测器,Thermo公司);Milli-Q去离子水发生器(Milli-Q公司);Sartorius CPA 225D十万分之一电子天平、Sartorius MSA6.6S-OCE-DM百万分之一电子天平及Sartorius PB-10(pH精度±0.01)酸度计,均为赛多利斯公司生产。
头孢克肟颗粒(白云山制药总厂,批号:02220101、02220102;规格:每袋50 mg)。对照品:头孢克肟(批号130503-202007,含量88.9%),中国食品药品检定研究院;杂质A(批号PITBKW-A-EP-20190426-01,含量92.3%)、杂质B(批号PITBKW-B-EP-20200427-01,含量93.5%)、杂质B(7E)(批号PITBKW-B(7E)-EP-20190221-02,含量93.7%)、杂质C(批号PITBKW-C-EP-20180604-06,含量96.1%)、杂质D(批号PITBKW-D-EP-20180622-05,含量98.3%)、杂质E(批号PITBKW-E-EP-20190420-01,含量93.4%)、杂质F(批号PITBKW-F-EP-20190426-01,含量93.3%)、杂质G(批号PITBKW-TBE-A-20180529-01,含量86.1%),广州牌牌生物科技有限公司;头孢克肟聚合物B(批号20-04-2827,含量90.0%)、头孢克肟聚合物D(批号20-04-2829,含量89.9%),深圳菲斯生物科技有限公司。磷酸二氢钾、氢氧化钠、无水磷酸氢二钠、四丁基氢氧化铵、磷酸等试剂均为分析纯,甲醇、乙腈、甲酸、乙酸铵、甲酸铵等试剂均为色谱纯。
色谱柱:YMC-Triart C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);流动相:0.05 mol·L-1甲酸铵溶液(用甲酸调节pH至4.7)(A)-甲醇(B),梯度洗脱(0~40 min,93%A→ 85%A;40~50 min,85%A;50~60 min,85%A→70%A;60~73 min,70%A;73~75 min,70%A→ 50%A;75~80 min,50%A;80~85 min,50%A → 93%A;85~90 min,93% A);流速:1 mL·min-1;检测波长:254 nm;进样量:10 μL。
取头孢克肟对照品适量,精密称定,加纯化水稀释成约含头孢克肟1 mg·mL-1的溶液,于95 ℃水浴45 min,冷却至室温,过0.45 μm滤膜,取续滤液作为系统适用性溶液,精密量取系统适用性溶液10 μL,注入高效液相色谱仪,头孢克肟和杂质D之间的分离度应≥8.0。
取磷酸二氢钾7.08 g,无水磷酸氢二钠29.04 g,加水2 L使溶解,混匀。
取头孢克肟对照品适量,精密称定,加稀释剂溶解并稀释成含头孢克肟10 μg·mL-1的溶液,过0.45 μm滤膜,取续滤液,即得。
取头孢克肟颗粒适量,精密称定,加稀释剂溶解并稀释成含头孢克肟1 mg·mL-1的溶液,摇匀,过0.45 μm滤膜,取续滤液,即得。
分别取对照品杂质A~G和聚合物杂质B、D适量,精密称定,加稀释剂溶解并稀释成质量浓度约为50 μg·mL-1的溶液,摇匀,即得各杂质的对照品储备液。
取头孢克肟对照品适量,精密称定,加稀释剂溶解并稀释制成质量浓度约为50 μg·mL-1的溶液,摇匀,作为头孢克肟的对照品储备液。
取头孢克肟颗粒适量,精密称定,量取各杂质的对照品储备液适量至同一量瓶中,加稀释剂溶解并稀释成含头孢克肟1 mg·mL-1的溶液,摇匀,过0.45 μm滤膜,取续滤液,即得。
现行版药典均采用0.25%四丁基氢氧化铵溶液-乙腈(75∶25)为流动相进行等度洗脱,系统适用性结果显示降解杂质A、降解杂质B为肩峰,该方法难以有效分离且无法准确定量杂质A1~A4、杂质B1~B4(图2-c)。USP PF 2018中有关物质的检测以流动相A[0.05 mol·L-1醋酸铵(用磷酸调节pH至4.2)-甲醇(95∶5)]和流动相B[0.05 mol·L-1醋酸铵(用磷酸调节pH至4.2)-甲醇(50∶50)]进行梯度洗脱,系统适用性结果显示降解杂质B3、B4的分离度<1.0,表现为肩峰,无法基线分离(图2-a),且流动相为盐与甲醇的混合溶液,操作较为烦琐,两相混合时,较易出梯度峰。上述方法均无法用于聚合物B、D的检测。本文优化了流动相和梯度洗脱条件,系统适用性及选择性溶液结果显示各组分分离效果较好,头孢克肟、各特定杂质之间的分离度均≥1.5,提高了各组分之间的分离度,在各特定小分子杂质均能准确定量的同时,亦能准确定量聚合物B、D(图2-b图3)。
采用本文方法、ChP 2020及USP PF 2018方法,对头孢克肟颗粒进行对比检测。精密量取供试品溶液、对照品溶液,分别注入液相色谱仪,记录色谱图。供试品溶液色谱图中如有杂质峰,按主成分对照品外标法以峰面积计算,小于对照品溶液主峰峰面积0.05倍(0.05%)的峰忽略不计。结果见表1。本文方法检出的杂质个数更多,见图4,有助于发现产品的质量问题,促进产品质量水平的提高。
空白干扰试验:称取空白辅料,置量瓶中,加稀释剂溶解并稀释至刻度,摇匀,滤过,精密量取10 μL注入液相色谱仪,结果空白辅料无干扰。强制破坏性试验:取头孢克肟或头孢克肟颗粒,分别用1 mol·L-1盐酸溶液、0.1 mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液、3%过氧化氢和高温加热、光照等条件进行强制破坏试验后,按“2.1.1”项下本文拟定的色谱条件进行检测。结果(图5)表明空白溶剂对测定无干扰,在各种破坏条件下所得的降解产物峰与主成分峰分离良好,降解产物峰之间也具有良好的分离度。
取“2.2.4”“2.2.5”项下头孢克肟及各杂质对照品储备液,用稀释剂稀释成一系列的线性溶液,按“2.1.1”项下条件进样,结果如表2所示。头孢克肟与各杂质的浓度与峰面积的线性相关系数均达到0.999 5以上,线性关系均良好。
适当稀释线性研究中的储备液,以信噪比约为3∶1和10∶1时的浓度分别作为LOD和LOQ。结果如表2所示,头孢克肟及各杂质的LOD的S/N均>3,头孢克肟及各杂质的LOQ的S/N均>10,LOQ浓度均<0.05%。
结合重复性和中间精密度判断“2.1”项下方法精密度,结果各杂质重复性的RSD为0.80%~1.8%,中间精密度的RSD为2.4%~3.1%。表明方法精密度符合要求。
通过杂质对照品加样回收试验,计算3个不同浓度溶液中杂质的回收率,每个浓度的溶液平行配制3份。结果显示,各杂质的平均加样回收率分别为:杂质A 95.2%~104.6%、杂质B 96.5%~102.5%、杂质C 96.2%~101.1%、杂质D 96.7%~101.5%、杂质E 99.1%~103.2%、杂质F 100.1%~103.8%、杂质G 98.6%~101.5%、聚合物杂质B 99.7%~105.1%、聚合物杂质D 98.3%~102.5%。各杂质在低、中、高浓度下的加样回收率均在80.0%~120%的范围内,符合要求。
改变流速、流动相pH、色谱柱(柱1:Phenomenex Gemini,C18,250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm;柱2、柱3:YMC-Triart,C18,250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm,不同批号)来评估“2.1”项下方法的耐用性。各耐用性条件下[流动相pH 4.7±0.2、流速(1.0±0.1)mL·min-1、不同色谱柱]系统适用性均符合要求,供试品溶液中主成分、各杂质分离良好,各杂质峰相对保留时间基本稳定。各耐用性条件下供试品溶液中主成分及各杂质出峰顺序、杂质谱保持一致。从不同色谱柱中主成分、各杂质间的分离效果来看(图36),优选YMC-Triart C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱。
头孢克肟颗粒在稳定性留样过程中,杂质A1、A2、A4、杂质B1~B4缓慢增长;而聚合物B不稳定,在留样过程中缓慢减少,在留样后期的样品中均未被检出;杂质E相对稳定,留样中未发生增长,根据头孢克肟的合成工艺[15],杂质E应为原料药引入的工艺杂质;从破坏性试验结果可以看出,高温加热条件下易产生杂质D,而稳定性留样则未产生杂质D;聚合物D和其他杂质未在自研的头孢克肟颗粒中检出。
现行药典收载的头孢克肟及制剂的有关物质测定方法均以四丁基氢氧化铵(TBAH)溶液-乙腈等度洗脱,离子对试剂TBAH是有机季铵强碱,与氢氧化钠碱性相当,无缓冲能力,对pH敏感,色谱系统中残留的酸和碱都会对体系(如色谱峰峰形、分离度等)造成影响。该流动相体系杂质分离度较差,无法分离检测主要降解杂质A和B的异构体,且为等度洗脱,检出能力有限,易造成漏检,影响货架期产品的质量可控性。同时,TBAH具有强保留性,很难洗脱,对色谱柱有一定的损害,缩短色谱柱的使用寿命。 USP PF 2018中有关物质的检测以醋酸铵(pH 4.2)-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,该体系各组分的分离度较现行药典方法有了显著的提升,但对降解杂质B3、B4的分离度仍不理想,且无法用于特定聚合物B、D的检测,方法流动相添加了醋酸铵,在梯度变化时基线易漂移,存在一定的应用缺陷。本文以甲酸铵(pH 4.7)-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,与药典方法测定结果比较显示,具有更强的杂质检测能力,检出的杂质个数更多,能够检出主要特定杂质且各组分的保留时间适中,实现了用一个分析方法即可同时检验小分子杂质及聚合物B、D,检验效率提高。方法学验证结果表明,该方法专属性强,灵敏度高,准确度高。方法采用的甲酸铵-甲醇均为可挥发性物质,可应用于液质联用(LC-MS)确定未知杂质的分子量,为推断未知杂质的结构提供可靠依据。综上,该方法的适用性良好,可以更准确地反映产品的杂质实际情况,为头孢克肟及制剂有关物质检查提供有益的参考,便于头孢克肟原料及制剂的质量控制。
  • *广东省科技计划项目(2017B020234005)
  • 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2020A1515111195)
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.02.19
  • 首发时间:2026-03-13
  • 出版时间:2024-02-29
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*广东省科技计划项目(2017B020234005)
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2020A1515111195)
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    广州白云山医药集团股份有限公司 白云山制药总厂 广东省化学药原料与制剂关键技术研究重点实验室,广州 510515

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Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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