Article(id=1240709667370881243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240709662501294254, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-1276, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1731513600000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773737835971, onlineDateStr=2026-03-17, pubDate=1743350400000, pubDateStr=2025-03-31, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773737835971, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773737835971, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773737835971, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240709662501294254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2025', volume='45', issue='3', pageStart='361', pageEnd='542', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773737834810, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773737909503, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240709975845163177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240709662501294254, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240709975845163178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240709662501294254, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=452, endPage=459, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240709667685454055, articleId=1240709667370881243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Establishment and validation of a double antibody sandwich ELISA method for the in vitro relative potency test of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CHO cells)*, columnId=1206272756979659107, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Bioassay, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective: To establish and validate a double antibody sandwich ELISA method for the in vitro relative potencytestof severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, (SARS-CoV-2) recombinant protein vaccine(CHO cells). Methods: Human monoclonal antibodies GH4 and CB6 against the receptor binding domain (RBD)of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were prepared by genetic recombinant technology. A double antibody sandwich ELISA method was established using GH4 as coating antibody and CB6 labeled with HRP enzyme (CB6-HRP) as detection antibody. The working concentrations of GH4 and CB6-HRP were determined. Methodological validation was carried out,including linearity and range, specificity, precision (repeatability, intermediate precision), accuracy, and robustness. The established method was used to detect the in vitro relative potencies of three batches of process-validated and twenty-two batches of continuous process verification of SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccines (CHO cells). Results: The optimal working concentrations of GH4 and CB6-HRP were 1 000 ng · mL-1 and 31.25 ng · mL-1, respectively. The vaccine reference had a good log-linear relationship with A450 in the concentration range of 0.312 5-5 ng · mL-1,and the slopes of the regression equations were all in the range of 0.80-1.25 and the R2 values were all>0.99.The established method could specifically detect the SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccine (CHO cells), and there was no cross-reactivity with the MERS Vaccine (CHO cells), influenza virus vaccine, rabies virus vaccine and CHO host cell proteins. For precision validation, the geometric coefficient of variation (GCV) of repeatability was in the rang of 1.6% to 2.4%, and the GCV of intermediate precision was in the range of 1.2% to 2.6%. The R2 value of the regression equation was 0.994 5, and the slope was 0.999 5 which was in the range of 0.80-1.25. For accuracy validation, the relative bias (RB) was in the range of -4.04% to 7.36%. In the robustness validation, the in vitro relative potency under different test conditions ranged from 0.96 to 1.08. The geometric mean in vitro relative potency of the three batches of process-validated SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccines (CHO cell) was 1.02, with an GCV of 4.8%; the geometric mean in vitro relative potency of twenty-two batches of continuous process verification SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccines (CHO cells) was 1.04, with an GCV of 4.4%. Conclusion: The established double antibody sandwich ELISA method has good specificity, precision, accuracy and robustness. It can be used for the detection of the in vitro relative potency and the quality control of SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccine (CHO cells).

, correspAuthors=Jia-ji WANG, Zhong-yu HU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Sha-sha CAO, Peng HE, Xiao-ya LIU, Ying LIU, Yu LIU, Zhi-tao MA, Fen WEI, Jia-ji WANG, Zhong-yu HU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1240709670298505547, articleId=1240709667370881243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法建立与验证*, columnId=1206272757600416118, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=生物检定, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的:建立严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力的双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法,并进行验证。方法:采用基因重组技术制备抗SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白受体结合区(receptor binding domain,RBD)的人源单克隆抗体GH4及CB6。以GH4为包被抗体,HRP标记的CB6(CB6-HRP)为检测抗体,建立双抗体夹心ELISA法,考察GH4和CB6-HRP的适宜工作浓度。开展方法学验证,验证项目为线性与范围、专属性、精密度(重复性、中间精密度)、准确度和耐用性。采用建立的方法检测3批工艺验证批及22批持续工艺确认批SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)的体外相对效力。结果:GH4及CB6-HRP的适宜工作浓度分别为1 000 ng · mL-1和31.25 ng · mL-1。疫苗参考品质量浓度在0.312 5~5ng · mL-1范围内与A450呈良好的对数线性关系,回归方程斜率均在0.80~1.25范围内,R2均>0.99;建立的方法可特异性检测SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞),与MERS重组蛋白疫苗、流感病毒疫苗、狂犬病毒疫苗及CHO宿主细胞蛋白等均无交叉反应;精密度验证时,重复性的几何变异系数(geometric coefficient of variation,GCV)分布在1.6%~2.4%范围内,中间精密度的GCV在1.2%~2.6%范围内;准确度验证时,回归方程R2为0.994 5,斜率为0.999 5在0.80~1.25范围内,相对偏倚(relative bias,RB)分布在-4.04%~7.36%范围内;耐用性验证中,不同考察条件下体外相对效力测定值在0.96~1.08范围内。3批工艺验证批SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力均值为1.02,GCV为4.8%;22批持续工艺确认批SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力在0.81~1.23范围内,几何均值为1.04,GCV为4.4%。结论:建立的双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法具有良好的特异性、精密度、准确度及耐受性,可用于SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力检测及质量控制。

, correspAuthors=王佳霁, 胡忠玉, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
**王佳霁 Tel:(0551)65313395;E-mail:;
胡忠玉 Tel:(010)53851772;E-mail:
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曹莎莎 Tel:15665407781;E-mail:

何鹏 Tel:13488768461;E-mail:

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KGAO PLIU S,et al.Protective prototype-beta and delta-omicron chimeric RBD-Dimer vaccines against SARS-CoV-2[J].Cell2022185(13):2265, articleTitle=Protective prototype-beta and delta-omicron chimeric RBD-Dimer vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240722370760078124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240709667370881243, awardId=2021YFC2302600, language=CN, fundingSource=*“十四五”重点研发专项“基于颗粒型佐剂的疫苗精准组装、递送及质量标准”课题项目(2021YFC2302600), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240722365500420572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240709667370881243, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240722365504614877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240709667370881243, companyId=1240722365500420572, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. 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National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Beijing 102629, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240722365584306659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240709667370881243, companyId=1240722365571723745, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国食品药品检定研究院 药品监管科学全国重点实验室国家卫生健康委生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室 国家药品监督管理局生物制品质量研究与评价重点实验室,北京 102629)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240722369485009626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240709667370881243, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption= A450 at different combinations of antibody concentrations, figureFileSmall=JdhrRXssJuczzSOiTZMDeg==, figureFileBig=MopqaPVPvH5EuM03ZnMIAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240722369564701407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240709667370881243, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同抗体浓度组合条件下的A450, figureFileSmall=JdhrRXssJuczzSOiTZMDeg==, figureFileBig=MopqaPVPvH5EuM03ZnMIAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240722369665364708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240709667370881243, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Specificity verification result, figureFileSmall=2s63mxsb55xFYhGbLMxpCQ==, figureFileBig=csvMqmlkWj6yVK+1HxZSGg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240722369745056488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240709667370881243, language=CN, label=图2, caption=专属性验证结果, figureFileSmall=2s63mxsb55xFYhGbLMxpCQ==, figureFileBig=csvMqmlkWj6yVK+1HxZSGg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240722369824748271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240709667370881243, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Repeatability verification results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
理论相对效力水平
(theoretical relative potency level)/%
理论相对效价水平测定值
(theoretical relative potency level measurement value)/%
几何均值
(geometric mean)/%
GCV/%
1次
(test 1)
2次
(test 2)
3次
(test 3)
4次
(test 4)
5次
(test 5)
6次
(test 6)
6468675961636463.62.4
8081817884857780.91.7
125123132119128125122124.71.6
156153161158146160155155.41.6
), ArticleFig(id=1240722369900245750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240709667370881243, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

重复性验证结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
理论相对效力水平
(theoretical relative potency level)/%
理论相对效价水平测定值
(theoretical relative potency level measurement value)/%
几何均值
(geometric mean)/%
GCV/%
1次
(test 1)
2次
(test 2)
3次
(test 3)
4次
(test 4)
5次
(test 5)
6次
(test 6)
6468675961636463.62.4
8081817884857780.91.7
125123132119128125122124.71.6
156153161158146160155155.41.6
), ArticleFig(id=1240722369979937531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240709667370881243, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Intermediate precision verification results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
理论相对效力水平
(theoretical relative potency level)/%
时间1
(time 1)
时间2
(time 2)
时间3
(time 3)
几何均值
(geometric mean)/%
GCV/%
人员1
(personnel 1)
人员2
(personnel 2)
人员3
(personnel 3)
人员1
(personnel 1)
人员2
(personnel 2)
人员3
(personnel 3)
人员1
(personnel 1)
人员2
(personnel 2)
人员3
(personnel 3)
6464636166575864696362.72.6
8085778083867881828381.61.6
125129123126121125132122119120124.01.2
156156161155151160153157148155155.11.2
), ArticleFig(id=1240722370097378047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240709667370881243, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

中间精密度验证结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
理论相对效力水平
(theoretical relative potency level)/%
时间1
(time 1)
时间2
(time 2)
时间3
(time 3)
几何均值
(geometric mean)/%
GCV/%
人员1
(personnel 1)
人员2
(personnel 2)
人员3
(personnel 3)
人员1
(personnel 1)
人员2
(personnel 2)
人员3
(personnel 3)
人员1
(personnel 1)
人员2
(personnel 2)
人员3
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Accuracy verification results

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理论相对效力水平
(theoretical relative potency level)/%
试验次数
(number of experiment)
相对效力测定值
(relative effectiveness measurement value)/%
相对偏倚
(relative bias)/%
平均值
(average value)
置信下限
(lower confidence limit)
置信上限
(upper confidence limit)
平均值
(average value)
置信下限
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置信上限
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准确度验证结果

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(relative bias)/%
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(average value)
置信下限
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置信上限
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平均值
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置信下限
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置信上限
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Robustness verification results

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解吸附时间
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体外相对效力
in vitro relative potency)
几何均值
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(color development for 3 min)
显色5 min
(color development for 5 min)
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301.011.001.03
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耐用性验证结果

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in vitro relative potency)
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(color development for 5 min)
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SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法建立与验证*
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曹莎莎 1 , 何鹏 2 , 刘晓雅 1 , 刘莹 1 , 刘宇 1 , 马志桃 1 , 韦芬 1 , 王佳霁 1, ** , 胡忠玉 2, **
药物分析杂志 | 生物检定 2025,45(3): 452-459
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药物分析杂志 | 生物检定 2025, 45(3): 452-459
SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法建立与验证*
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曹莎莎1 , 何鹏2 , 刘晓雅1, 刘莹1, 刘宇1, 马志桃1, 韦芬1, 王佳霁1, ** , 胡忠玉2, **
作者信息
  • 1.安徽智飞龙科马生物制药有限公司,合肥 230088
  • 2.中国食品药品检定研究院 药品监管科学全国重点实验室国家卫生健康委生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室 国家药品监督管理局生物制品质量研究与评价重点实验室,北京 102629
  • 曹莎莎 Tel:15665407781;E-mail:

    何鹏 Tel:13488768461;E-mail:

通讯作者:

**王佳霁 Tel:(0551)65313395;E-mail:;
胡忠玉 Tel:(010)53851772;E-mail:
Establishment and validation of a double antibody sandwich ELISA method for the in vitro relative potency test of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CHO cells)*
Sha-sha CAO1 , Peng HE2 , Xiao-ya LIU1, Ying LIU1, Yu LIU1, Zhi-tao MA1, Fen WEI1, Jia-ji WANG1, ** , Zhong-yu HU2, **
Affiliations
  • 1. Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Hefei 230088, China
  • 2. National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Beijing 102629, China
出版时间: 2025-03-31 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-1276
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目的:建立严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力的双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法,并进行验证。方法:采用基因重组技术制备抗SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白受体结合区(receptor binding domain,RBD)的人源单克隆抗体GH4及CB6。以GH4为包被抗体,HRP标记的CB6(CB6-HRP)为检测抗体,建立双抗体夹心ELISA法,考察GH4和CB6-HRP的适宜工作浓度。开展方法学验证,验证项目为线性与范围、专属性、精密度(重复性、中间精密度)、准确度和耐用性。采用建立的方法检测3批工艺验证批及22批持续工艺确认批SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)的体外相对效力。结果:GH4及CB6-HRP的适宜工作浓度分别为1 000 ng · mL-1和31.25 ng · mL-1。疫苗参考品质量浓度在0.312 5~5ng · mL-1范围内与A450呈良好的对数线性关系,回归方程斜率均在0.80~1.25范围内,R2均>0.99;建立的方法可特异性检测SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞),与MERS重组蛋白疫苗、流感病毒疫苗、狂犬病毒疫苗及CHO宿主细胞蛋白等均无交叉反应;精密度验证时,重复性的几何变异系数(geometric coefficient of variation,GCV)分布在1.6%~2.4%范围内,中间精密度的GCV在1.2%~2.6%范围内;准确度验证时,回归方程R2为0.994 5,斜率为0.999 5在0.80~1.25范围内,相对偏倚(relative bias,RB)分布在-4.04%~7.36%范围内;耐用性验证中,不同考察条件下体外相对效力测定值在0.96~1.08范围内。3批工艺验证批SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力均值为1.02,GCV为4.8%;22批持续工艺确认批SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力在0.81~1.23范围内,几何均值为1.04,GCV为4.4%。结论:建立的双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法具有良好的特异性、精密度、准确度及耐受性,可用于SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力检测及质量控制。

严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型  /  重组蛋白疫苗  /  酶联免疫吸附法  /  双抗体夹心法  /  体外相对效力

Objective: To establish and validate a double antibody sandwich ELISA method for the in vitro relative potencytestof severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, (SARS-CoV-2) recombinant protein vaccine(CHO cells). Methods: Human monoclonal antibodies GH4 and CB6 against the receptor binding domain (RBD)of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were prepared by genetic recombinant technology. A double antibody sandwich ELISA method was established using GH4 as coating antibody and CB6 labeled with HRP enzyme (CB6-HRP) as detection antibody. The working concentrations of GH4 and CB6-HRP were determined. Methodological validation was carried out,including linearity and range, specificity, precision (repeatability, intermediate precision), accuracy, and robustness. The established method was used to detect the in vitro relative potencies of three batches of process-validated and twenty-two batches of continuous process verification of SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccines (CHO cells). Results: The optimal working concentrations of GH4 and CB6-HRP were 1 000 ng · mL-1 and 31.25 ng · mL-1, respectively. The vaccine reference had a good log-linear relationship with A450 in the concentration range of 0.312 5-5 ng · mL-1,and the slopes of the regression equations were all in the range of 0.80-1.25 and the R2 values were all>0.99.The established method could specifically detect the SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccine (CHO cells), and there was no cross-reactivity with the MERS Vaccine (CHO cells), influenza virus vaccine, rabies virus vaccine and CHO host cell proteins. For precision validation, the geometric coefficient of variation (GCV) of repeatability was in the rang of 1.6% to 2.4%, and the GCV of intermediate precision was in the range of 1.2% to 2.6%. The R2 value of the regression equation was 0.994 5, and the slope was 0.999 5 which was in the range of 0.80-1.25. For accuracy validation, the relative bias (RB) was in the range of -4.04% to 7.36%. In the robustness validation, the in vitro relative potency under different test conditions ranged from 0.96 to 1.08. The geometric mean in vitro relative potency of the three batches of process-validated SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccines (CHO cell) was 1.02, with an GCV of 4.8%; the geometric mean in vitro relative potency of twenty-two batches of continuous process verification SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccines (CHO cells) was 1.04, with an GCV of 4.4%. Conclusion: The established double antibody sandwich ELISA method has good specificity, precision, accuracy and robustness. It can be used for the detection of the in vitro relative potency and the quality control of SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccine (CHO cells).

SARS-CoV-2  /  recombinant protein vaccine  /  ELISA  /  double antibody sandwich method  /  in vitro relative potency
曹莎莎, 何鹏, 刘晓雅, 刘莹, 刘宇, 马志桃, 韦芬, 王佳霁, 胡忠玉. SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法建立与验证*. 药物分析杂志, 2025 , 45 (3) : 452 -459 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-1276
Sha-sha CAO, Peng HE, Xiao-ya LIU, Ying LIU, Yu LIU, Zhi-tao MA, Fen WEI, Jia-ji WANG, Zhong-yu HU. Establishment and validation of a double antibody sandwich ELISA method for the in vitro relative potency test of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CHO cells)*[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2025 , 45 (3) : 452 -459 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-1276
严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)引起的新型冠状病毒感染(简称新冠肺炎),WHO将由该病毒引起的疾病正式命名为“2019冠状病毒病”(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)[1],席卷全球的新冠疫情给全人类的生命健康安全带来巨大威胁,传播速度快感染率高是其典型特点[2]。接种新冠疫苗是防控新冠最有效和最经济的手段[2-3]。截至2023年12月31日,全球已接种疫苗超过130亿剂,约70%的总人口至少接种了一剂新冠疫苗[4]。为确保新冠疫苗接种的保护效果,保证疫苗有效性和一致性的质量控制尤为重要[5]
SARS-CoV-2主要通过刺突蛋白(spike protein,SP)与其受体——位于呼吸道上皮细胞表面的血管紧张素转换酶2(angiotensin converting enzyme 2,ACE 2)结合而感染人体[6-7],受体结合区(receptor-binding domain,RBD)是S蛋白与ACE 2结合的关键位点,也是诱导中和抗体产生的主要结构域[8-9]。SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)是将SARS-CoV-2 S蛋白的RBD基因重组到中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO细胞)内,在体外表达形成RBD二聚体,并添加氢氧化铝佐剂以提高免疫原性[10-12]。效力是评价疫苗有效性与批间一致性的关键指标,对疫苗需建立体外相对效力及体内效力的质量标准和适宜的检测方法[13]。但体内效力方法周期过长,实验结果波动大,且存在动物伦理方面的限制,给企业出厂放行与监管机构批签发带来诸多不便[14];而体外方法结果较为稳定,可反映出一些体内方法无法观察到的工艺变化,在生产一致性监测方面优于体内方法,作为体内方法的有益补充,可更有效地评估工艺变化的影响[13]。本研究参考2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》四部通则3501重组乙型肝炎疫苗(酵母)体外相对效力检查法[15],采用SARS-CoV-2 RBD蛋白特异性人源单克隆中和抗体GH4和CB6,建立用于SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力检测的双抗体夹心ELISA法,并进行方法验证,以期为该疫苗的质量控制提供保障。
含铝佐剂疫苗:MERS重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞),蛋白质含量每剂25 μg;3批工艺验证批及22批持续工艺确认批SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞),蛋白质含量为每剂25 μg;SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)参考品(简称疫苗参考品,蛋白质含量为每剂25 μg);不含铝佐剂疫苗:四价流感病毒裂解疫苗,抗原含量为每剂30 μg;冻干人用狂犬病疫苗(MRC-5细胞),抗原含量为每剂14.34 U。以上疫苗均由安徽智飞龙科马生物制药有限公司制备及保存。
GH4人源单克隆抗体、HRP标记的CB6人源单克隆抗体(CB6-HRP)均来自中国微生物研究所;PBS及PBST、牛血清白蛋白、二乙醇胺、Triton X-100、TMB单组分显色液、终止液均购自北京索莱宝科技有限公司;脱脂奶粉购自生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司;CHO细胞宿主蛋白、佐剂来自安徽智飞龙科马生物制药有限公司。
Spectra Max M5型酶标仪、Aqua Max 2000型洗板机均为Molecular Devices产品;DK-8D型三孔电热恒温水槽、CU-600型电热恒温水槽均购自上海一恒科学仪器有限公司;HYC-390型医用冷藏箱购自青岛海尔生物医疗股份有限公司;MS 3 digital涡旋混合器购自IKA公司。
用PBS稀释GH4人源单克隆抗体至1 μg · mL-1,加入96孔板,每孔100 μL,2~8 ℃包被过夜;用PBST洗涤3次,每孔300 μL;每孔加200 μL含3%脱脂奶粉的PBS于37 ℃封闭2 h;用PBST洗涤3次,每孔300 μL;用100 μL处理液(含2.5%二乙醇胺和2%Triton X-100的PBS)分别将100 μL供试品及疫苗参考品37 ℃解吸附30 min;用稀释液(含1%牛血清白蛋白的PBS)将供试品及疫苗参考品2倍系列稀释为不同浓度供试品溶液及疫苗参考品溶液,以每孔100 μL加至酶标板中,37 ℃孵育2 h;用PBST洗涤3次,每孔300 μL;每孔加入CB6-HRP 100 μL,37 ℃孵育1 h;用PBST洗涤5次,每孔300 μL;每孔加入TMB单组分显色液100 μL,37 ℃显色5 min后每孔加0.5 M稀硫酸终止液100 μL;用酶标仪检测A450。双平行线法计算抗原含量[16-17],疫苗与疫苗参考品抗原含量比值即为其体外相对效力。
采用棋盘滴定法,用PBS将包被抗体GH4稀释至2 000、1 000、500 ng · mL-1,用含1%脱脂奶粉的PBS缓冲液将检测抗体CB6-HRP自250 ng · mL-1 2倍系列稀释至7.812 5 ng · mL-1,按“1.3”项方法检测A450,同时设阳性对照(P,疫苗参考品)及阴性对照(N,含1%牛血清白蛋白的PBS),计算APANA450比值(AP/AN),选择包被抗体GH4达到饱和作用浓度时,AP/AN最大时对应的检测抗体浓度为最适工作浓度组合。
用稀释液将疫苗参考品稀释至20 ng · mL-1,再2倍系列稀释至0.156 25 ng · mL-1,共8个浓度,采用建立的方法进行检测。以疫苗参考品浓度的对数为横坐标,各浓度下A450的对数为纵坐标,进行线性回归,拟合的标准曲线应具有良好线性,R2应>0.99,标准曲线应不少于5个浓度点。
用稀释液将疫苗参考品稀释至“1.5.1”项方法初步确定的浓度范围,采用建立的方法进行检测。以疫苗参考品浓度的对数为横坐标,各浓度下A450的对数为纵坐标,进行线性回归,标准曲线R2应>0.99。
取疫苗参考品用稀释液进行2倍系列稀释,制备质量浓度为0.312 5~5 ng · mL-1的参考品溶液,采用建立的方法进行6次独立检测。以疫苗参考品浓度的对数为横坐标,各浓度下A450的对数为纵坐标,进行线性回归,计算回归方程斜率及R2
取含铝佐剂供试品:疫苗参考品、SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)、MERS重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)使用“1.3”项处理液解吸附后,采用建立的方法检测。取不含铝佐剂供试品:CHO宿主细胞蛋白、四价流感病毒裂解疫苗、冻干人用狂犬病疫苗(MRC-5细胞)以及与被测疫苗中同质的佐剂不使用处理液解吸附,使用“1.3”项直接采用建立的方法检测。以稀释液为阴性对照,阴性对照检测结果的2.1倍作为Cut-off值,将疫苗参考品等A450与Cut-off值比较,≥Cut-off值的结果判为阳性,<Cut-off值的结果判为阴性。
重复性验证:取疫苗参考品用稀释液进行2倍系列稀释,制备在对数尺度上呈均匀间隔的理论效力水平为156%(0.487 5~7.8 ng · mL-1)、125%(0.390 6~6.25 ng · mL-1)、100%(0.3125~5 ng · mL-1)、80%(0.25~4 ng · mL-1)、64%(0.2~3.2 ng · mL-1)的5套参考品溶液。每个水平参考品溶液独立测定6份,以理论效力水平为100%的系列参考品溶液为基准,计算其他4套参考品溶液的相对效力值和GCV。
中间精密度验证:按“1.6.3”重复性验证项方法制备5套参考品溶液,由3名实验员分别在不同天进行测定,每次试验独立测定2份,每次以2份结果的几何均值作为报告值。以理论效力水平为100%的系列参考品溶液为基准,计算其他4套参考品溶液的相对效力值和GCV。
按“1.6.3”重复性验证项方法制备5套参考品溶液,由3名实验员分别在不同天进行测定,每次试验独立测定2份,每次以2份结果的几何均值作为报告值。以理论效力理论值的对数(横坐标)对其相应的效力测定值的对数(纵坐标)作直线回归,计算回归方程斜率及R2,并按下式计算相对偏倚:
取疫苗参考品于37 ℃解吸附25、30、35 min与显色3、5、7 min组合,制备理论效力水平为100%(0.312 5~5 ng · mL-1)的系列参考品溶液。以37 ℃解吸附30 min、显色5 min为对照条件,计算各考察条件下体外相对效力。
用建立的方法检测3批工艺验证批及22批持续工艺确认批SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞),并计算几何均值及GCV。
应用酶标仪SoftMax Pro 7.1.1软件采集数据,Combistats 7.0软件进行双平行线分析,GraphPad 8.0.2软件进行做图。
GH4抗体在1 000 ng · mL-1工作浓度时,该抗体作用达到饱和,进一步升高其浓度至2 000 ng · mL-1AP/AN未见明显提高;在此条件下,CB6-HRP为31.25 ng · mL-1时,AP/AN最高。不同抗体浓度组合条件下的A450图1
采用线性回归拟合,质量浓度为20~0.156 25 ng · mL-1的参考品溶液线性较好的范围为5~0.312 5 ng · mL-1,线性方程为:
初步确定后续试验标准曲线共5个浓度,分别为5、2.5、1.25、0.625、0.312 5 ng mL-1,范围在5~0.312 5 ng mL-1
采用线性回归拟合,质量浓度为5~0.312 5 ng · mL-1的参考品溶液线性良好,线性方程为:
确定后续试验标准曲线共5个浓度,分别为5、2.5、1.25、0.625、0.312 5 ng mL-1,范围在5~0.312 5 ng mL-1
第1~6次独立试验SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗参考品标准曲线的R2分别为1.000、0.999、1.000、0.998、0.999、1.000,斜率分别为0.993 5、1.086 6、0.999 4、0.917 7、1.098 7、1.011 2。取6次试验均值拟合回归方程为:
斜率为1.022 8,在0.80~1.25之间。
建立的方法检测SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗参考品及SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗的A450均高于Cut-off值,检测MERS重组蛋白疫苗、流感病毒疫苗、狂犬病疫苗及CHO宿主细胞蛋白等样品的A450均低于Cut-off值,未发现交叉反应,见图2
重复性验证:不同水平相对效力测定值的几何均值与理论相对效力的差值在±20%以内,且不同水平理论效力测定值GCV分布在1.6%~2.4%范围内,具体结果见表1
中间精密度验证:不同水平相对效力测定值的几何均值与理论相对效力的差值在±20%以内,且不同水平理论效力测定值GCV分布在1.2%~2.6%范围内,结果见表2
以相对效力测定值的对数对其相应的相对效力理论值的对数作直线回归,回归方程为:
斜率为0.999 5,在0.80~1.25。
每个水平相对效力测定值均在95%置信区间上下限范围内,每个水平相对效力测定值的相对偏倚分布在-4.04%~7.36%范围内,见表3
疫苗参考品于37 ℃解吸附25、30、35 min与显色3、5、7 min组合,以37 ℃解吸附30 min、显色5 min为对照条件,各考察条件体外相对效力分布在0.96~1.08范围内,几何均值为1.02,GCV为4.2%。见表4
3批工艺验证批SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力分别为0.98、1.00、1.07,几何均值为1.02,GCV为4.8%。22批持续工艺确认批SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力在0.81~1.23范围内,几何均值为1.04,GCV为4.4%。
自2019年底至2024年11月底,SARS-CoV-2导致全球近8亿人感染,超700余万人死亡[18],造成了巨大社会影响和经济损失。目前,接种疫苗仍是防控SARS-CoV-2感染的有效手段[19]。SARS-CoV-2结构中的S蛋白是感染人体细胞的关键蛋白,其可以结合机体细胞上的ACE 2受体[20]。建立针对S蛋白疫苗的体外相对效力检测体系对于疫苗质控有重要意义[21]。安徽智飞龙科马与中国科学院微生物研究所高福院士团队研发的SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞) (原型株)已经在国内附条件上市[22],但其体外相对效力检测尚无市售的ELISA试剂盒可供使用,为确保疫苗质量,本研究建立了基于S蛋白RBD的SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力检测方法。本研究选用了2株人源单克隆抗体GH4和CB6,且CB6单抗是一款靶向SARS-CoV-2 S蛋白RBD的抗体,于2021年2月与SARS-CoV-2 S蛋白抑制剂联合用药获FDA紧急使用授权[23-24]。研究显示2株人源单克隆抗体GH4和CB6均具有较高的中和活性;经流式细胞技术证实均可阻断RBD与ACE 2的结合;并利用生物层干涉法证实二者特异性结合于SARS-CoV-2 RBD蛋白的不同表位,存在不完全竞争关系[25-26],因此该抗体适用于建立双抗体夹心ELISA方法。GH4和CB6这2株抗体均具有中和活性,当SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)在蛋白高级结构发生变化时能被检测出异常,表明这2株抗体可有效地监测工艺稳定性。目前,SARS-CoV-2已出现多种变异株,研制针对变异株开发多价广谱苗成为趋势。这2株抗体可识别变异株疫苗抗原,已被用于Omicron-Delta株及Omicron BA.4/5-Delta株疫苗体外相对效力评价,表明这2株抗体对于新冠原型株及变异株的检测具备通用性。但这2株抗体无法区分原型株与变异株的抗原,表明在鉴别多价广谱苗抗原时应采用可区分原型株与变异株的抗体。
本研究基于传统的双抗体夹心ELISA法建立了SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力检测方法,首先通过棋盘滴定法确定人源单克隆抗体GH4和CB6的最适工作浓度分别为1 000和31.25 ng · mL-1,其次确定线性拟合标准曲线的浓度点为5、2.5、1.25、0.625及0.312 5 ng · mL-1,并对建立的检测方法进行了线性与范围、专属性、精密度、准确度和耐用性验证。验证结果表明,在0.312 5~5 ng · mL-1范围内,疫苗参考品质量浓度与A450呈良好的对数线性关系,6次独立试验标准曲线斜率在0.80~1.25范围内,R2均>0.99;专属性验证结果提示,该方法可特异性检测SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞),与MRES重组蛋白疫苗、流感病毒疫苗、狂犬病毒疫苗及CHO宿主细胞蛋白等均无交叉反应。验证重复性与中间精密度时,不同水平相对效力几何均值与理论值差异在±20%以内,表明准确度较好;且不同水平相对效力测定值的GCV均<20%,表明方法不受人员及检测时间的影响,精密度良好;验证准确度时,回归方程R2为0.994 5,斜率为0.999 5(在0.80~1.25范围内),相对偏倚分布在-4.04%~7.36%范围内,表明方法具有良好的准确度;耐用性验证结果显示,解吸附及显色时间的微小波动不会干扰检测结果,表明方法有良好的耐受性。采用该方法对3批工艺验证批及22批持续工艺确认批SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)进行体外相对效力检测,工艺验证批几何均值为1.02,GCV为4.8%;持续工艺确认批几何均值为1.04,GCV为4.4%。一方面表明工艺批间一致性好,另一方面表明建立的检测方法适用于SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力测定。
综上所述,本研究以人源单克隆抗体GH4为包被抗体,CB6-HRP为检测抗体,建立SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)体外相对效力检测方法,该方法具有良好的专属性、精密度及耐用性,可用于SARS-CoV-2重组蛋白疫苗(CHO细胞)关键质量属性评价。该方法也存在固有缺点,例如存在试验耗时长,配制试剂多,操作烦琐等问题,后期将考虑利用人源单克隆抗体GH4及CH6开发ELISA商业化试剂盒,可缩短检测时间,减少操作步骤,降低检测方法误差。目前,SARS-CoV-2已出现多种变异株,继续研制特异性针对变异株的疫苗,开发多价、广谱的“全能苗”成为新的趋势和亟待解决的难题。本研究建立的方法,为体外相对效力检测试剂盒的开发奠定了基础,也为针对变异株的疫苗研制和生产中的质量控制提供了技术支撑。
  • *“十四五”重点研发专项“基于颗粒型佐剂的疫苗精准组装、递送及质量标准”课题项目(2021YFC2302600)
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2025年第45卷第3期
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-1276
  • 接收时间:2024-11-14
  • 首发时间:2026-03-17
  • 出版时间:2025-03-31
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-14
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*“十四五”重点研发专项“基于颗粒型佐剂的疫苗精准组装、递送及质量标准”课题项目(2021YFC2302600)
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    1.安徽智飞龙科马生物制药有限公司,合肥 230088
    2.中国食品药品检定研究院 药品监管科学全国重点实验室国家卫生健康委生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室 国家药品监督管理局生物制品质量研究与评价重点实验室,北京 102629

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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