现代仪器与医疗

超分辨成像技术在神经科学研究中的应用

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金锡敏 ^a , 马吉楠 ^a , 吕媛媛 ^a , 梁星光 ^a^,^b^,^*

现代仪器与医疗 | 生物应用 2025,31(4): 81-90

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现代仪器与医疗 |生物应用 2025 , 31 (4) : 81 -90

超分辨成像技术在神经科学研究中的应用

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金锡敏^a, 马吉楠^a, 吕媛媛^a, 梁星光^a^,^b^,^*

作者信息

^a.浙江大学医学院附属第一医院　中心实验室，杭州　310000

^b.浙江大学医学院附属第一医院　临床药学部，杭州　310000

通讯作者:

梁星光，男，博士研究生，高级实验师，研究方向：荧光探针开发及其生物学应用

作者简介:

金锡敏，男，硕士研究生，助理实验师，研究方向：细胞自噬

The application of super-resolution imaging technology in neuroscience research

Ximin Jin^a, Jinan Ma^a, Yuanyuan Lyu^a, Xingguang Liang^a^,^b^,^*

Affiliations

^a.Central Lab, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China

^b.Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China

出版时间: 2025-08-10 doi: 10.11876/mimt202504009

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摘要

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超分辨成像技术是神经科学研究领域论证相关生理和病理学分子现象、变化过程和功能调控的重要技术手段，它突破了传统光学显微镜的衍射极限，使科学家能够在纳米尺度研究生物结构和物质细节。各类超分辨成像技术从时空分辨率、三维层析能力、活体成像能力等不同方面助力研究者更好地探索神经科学，从而解析神经突触相关结构以及神经递质受体的纳米级分布和动态变化，并为进一步研究神经退行性疾病提供关键细节。本文总结了近年来超分辨成像技术的阶段性发展以及不同技术的优势与局限，着重介绍了超分辨成像技术在神经系统超微结构成像、活体动物成像、脑部深度成像以及神经退行性疾病、药物开发等相关研究中的应用，旨在为其在神经科学研究中的高效、合理应用提供参考。

关键词

超分辨成像 / 神经科学 / 活体成像 / 神经退行性疾病

Abstract

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Super-resolution imaging technology is an important technical means for demonstrating related physiological and pathological molecular phenomena, change processes and functional regulation in the field of neuroscience research. It breaks through the diffraction limit of traditional optical microscopes, enabling scientists to study biological structures and material details at the nanoscale. Various super-resolution technologies assist researchers in better exploring neuroscience from different aspects such as spatiotemporal resolution, three-dimensional tomography capabilities, and in vivo imaging capabilities, thereby analyzing the nanoscale distribution and dynamic changes of synaptic structures and neurotransmitter receptors, and providing key details for further research on neurodegenerative diseases. This article summarizes the phased development of super-resolution imaging technology in recent years, as well as the advantages and limitations of different technologies. It particularly introduces the application of super-resolution imaging technology in ultra-microstructure imaging of the nervous system, imaging of living animals, deep imaging of the brain, and related research on neurodegenerative diseases and drug development. It aims to provide references for their efficient and reasonable application in neuroscience research.

Key words

Super-resolution imaging / Neuroscience / In vivo imaging / Neurodegenerative diseases

引用本文

金锡敏, 马吉楠, 吕媛媛, 梁星光. 超分辨成像技术在神经科学研究中的应用. 现代仪器与医疗, 2025 , 31 (4) : 81 -90 . DOI: 10.11876/mimt202504009

Ximin Jin, Jinan Ma, Yuanyuan Lyu, Xingguang Liang. The application of super-resolution imaging technology in neuroscience research[J]. Modern Instruments & Medical Treatment, 2025 , 31 (4) : 81 -90 . DOI: 10.11876/mimt202504009

基金

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浙江省自然科学基金探索类项目(LY21H090012)

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2025年第31卷第4期

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文章信息

doi: 10.11876/mimt202504009

首发时间：2026-10-23
出版时间：2025-08-10

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基金

浙江省自然科学基金探索类项目(LY21H090012)

作者信息

^a.浙江大学医学院附属第一医院　中心实验室，杭州　310000

^b.浙江大学医学院附属第一医院　临床药学部，杭州　310000

通讯作者:

梁星光，男，博士研究生，高级实验师，研究方向：荧光探针开发及其生物学应用

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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