现代仪器与医疗

基于功能性近红外光谱的脑机接口技术在神经康复中的研究进展与挑战

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祝可达 ¹ , 周书杭 ¹ , 贾熙 ¹ , 章水晶 ²^,^*

现代仪器与医疗 | 专论 2025,31(2): 13-18

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现代仪器与医疗 |专论 2025 , 31 (2) : 13 -18

基于功能性近红外光谱的脑机接口技术在神经康复中的研究进展与挑战

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祝可达¹, 周书杭¹, 贾熙¹, 章水晶²^,^*

作者信息

^1.浙江中医药大学附属康复医院（浙江康复医疗中心），杭州　3100531

^2.浙江中医药大学第四临床医学院，杭州　310053

通讯作者:

章水晶，女，副主任医师，硕士生导师，研究方向：神经变性及炎性疾病、脑血管病等神经内科疾病的诊疗及早期康复

作者简介:

祝可达，男，本科，研究方向：脑机接口驱动的神经反馈训练

Advancements and challenges in fNIRS-BCI for neurological rehabilitation

Keda Zhu¹, Shuhang Zhou¹, Xi Jia¹, Shuijing Zhang²^,^*

Affiliations

^1.Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310059, China

^2.Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center), Hangzhou 310053, China

出版时间: 2025-04-10 doi: 10.11876/mimt202502003

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摘要

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脑-机接口（Brain-Computer Interface，BCI）作为一种突破传统神经通路的新型人机交互范式，通过解码中枢神经系统活动实现对外部设备的直接控制，在神经康复与功能代偿领域展现出重大应用价值。功能性近红外光谱（functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy，fNIRS）能够实时检测大脑激活区域的血氧浓度变化，为大脑皮层的功能变化提供客观指标。因此，fNIRS-BCI技术凭借其非侵入性、高时空分辨率及强抗运动干扰特性，突破了传统脑电图（Electroencephalogram，EEG）易受肌电伪影影响的局限，成为神经康复领域的新型监测工具。随着算法革新与硬件迭代，其应用将从医疗场景拓展至教育、娱乐、工业等多个领域。本文系统阐述了fNIRS - BCI技术体系在运动康复、认知干预和重症沟通等领域的应用现状及面临的挑战，期望为fNIRS - BCI技术在神经康复中的临床转化提供理论框架，指明个性化神经调控与脑-外周协同康复的新发展方向。

关键词

脑机接口 / 功能性近红外光谱 / 神经康复 / 运动想象

Abstract

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As a novel human-computer interaction paradigm that breaks through traditional neural pathways, the brain-computer interface (BCI) enables direct control of external devices by decoding central nervous system activities, demonstrating significant application value in the fields of neurorehabilitation and functional compensation. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) detects changes in blood oxygen concentration in activated brain regions in real time, providing objective indicators of functional changes in the cerebral cortex. Therefore, the fNIRS-BCI technology, with its non-invasive nature, high spatiotemporal resolution, and strong resistance to motion interference, overcomes the limitations of traditional electroencephalogram (EEG) being easily affected by electromyographic artifacts, and has become a new monitoring tool in the field of neurorehabilitation. With algorithmic innovations and hardware iterations, its applications will expand from medical scenarios to education, entertainment, industry, and other fields. This article systematically expounds the current application status and challenges of the fNIRS-BCI technology system in areas such as motor rehabilitation, cognitive intervention, and communication for the severely ill, aiming to provide a theoretical framework for the clinical transformation of fNIRS-BCI technology in neurorehabilitation and suggest new development directions for personalized neural regulation and brain-peripheral coordinated rehabilitation.

Key words

Brain-Computer Interface / Functional near-infrared spectroscopy / Neurological rehabilitation / Motor imagery

引用本文

祝可达, 周书杭, 贾熙, 章水晶. 基于功能性近红外光谱的脑机接口技术在神经康复中的研究进展与挑战. 现代仪器与医疗, 2025 , 31 (2) : 13 -18 . DOI: 10.11876/mimt202502003

Keda Zhu, Shuhang Zhou, Xi Jia, Shuijing Zhang. Advancements and challenges in fNIRS-BCI for neurological rehabilitation[J]. Modern Instruments & Medical Treatment, 2025 , 31 (2) : 13 -18 . DOI: 10.11876/mimt202502003

基金

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浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2025KY1196)
浙江康复医疗中心重点学科资助

参考文献

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参考文献引证文献

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2025年第31卷第2期

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文章信息

doi: 10.11876/mimt202502003

首发时间：2026-10-23
出版时间：2025-04-10

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基金

浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2025KY1196)

浙江康复医疗中心重点学科资助

作者信息

^1.浙江中医药大学附属康复医院（浙江康复医疗中心），杭州　3100531

^2.浙江中医药大学第四临床医学院，杭州　310053

通讯作者:

章水晶，女，副主任医师，硕士生导师，研究方向：神经变性及炎性疾病、脑血管病等神经内科疾病的诊疗及早期康复

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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