现代仪器与医疗

基于自准直成像思想的术中手持伽马相机

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张雨溪 ¹ , 胡一凡 ² , 吕振雷 ¹ , 张玉方 ¹ , 孙立风 ¹ , 孙钰林 ³ , 周旭 ³ , 温凯 ³ , 马天予 ¹^,^*

现代仪器与医疗 | 专栏——核医学与分子影像 2026,32(1): 1-8

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现代仪器与医疗 |专栏——核医学与分子影像 2026 , 32 (1) : 1 -8

基于自准直成像思想的术中手持伽马相机

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张雨溪¹, 胡一凡², 吕振雷¹, 张玉方¹, 孙立风¹, 孙钰林³, 周旭³, 温凯³, 马天予¹^,^*

作者信息

^1.清华大学工程物理系，北京　100084

^2.耶鲁大学放射与生物医学影像学系，纽黑文 06520，美国

^3.原子高科股份有限公司研发部，北京　102413

通讯作者:

马天予，男，博士研究生，长聘副教授，研究方向：核医学影像物理与仪器

作者简介:

张雨溪，女，在读博士研究生，研究方向：核医学影像物理与仪器

A hand-held intraoperative gamma camerabased on self-collimation

Yuxi Zhang¹, Yifan Hu², Zhenlei Lyu¹, Yufang Zhang¹, Lifeng Sun¹, Yulin Sun³, Xu Zhou³, Kai Wen³, Tianyu Ma¹^,^*

Affiliations

^1.Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

^2.Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven 06520, United States of America

^3.R&D Department, HTA Co., Ltd., Beijing 102413, China

出版时间: 2026-02-10 doi: 10.11876/mimt202601001

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摘要

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伽马相机是放射引导手术中获取实时分子影像信息的关键设备，在肿瘤精准切除、前哨淋巴结定位及残留病灶评估等临床应用中具有重要作用，其性能直接影响放射引导手术的准确性与可靠性。针对现有术中手持伽马相机普遍依赖机械准直器而导致的探测效率低、系统重量增加及视野受限等问题，本文提出并研制了一种基于自准直成像思想的术中手持伽马相机，并对其关键性能及典型应用进行测试。该伽马相机采用三维稀疏交错排布的铈掺杂的镓酸铝酸钆（Ce：Gd₃Al₂Ga₃O₁₂，Ce：GAGG）晶体与玻璃单元构成探测器，在无机械准直器的条件下通过探测器单元间的自准直效应实现高性能成像。实验结果表明，该系统在距离探测器30~100 mm的100 mm×100 mm的视野内的探测效率为（7.55±2.97）×10³ cps/MBq；在距探测器5 cm和10 cm处分别实现了4 mm和10 mm的空间分辨率；对淋巴结模型的三维定位偏差在3个维度上均小于2 mm。在小鼠前哨淋巴结显像实验中，即使在淋巴结活度显著低于临床术中人体前哨淋巴结典型活度水平的条件下，系统仍可实现清晰成像与准确定位。研究结果表明，基于自准直成像思想的术中手持伽马相机在无需机械准直器的情况下，兼顾了高探测效率与空间分辨能力，具备良好的低活度成像性能，具有为放射引导手术提供有效术中成像的巨大应用潜力。

关键词

伽马相机 / 放射引导手术 / 自准直成像 / 空间分辨率 / 探测效率

Abstract

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Intraoperative gamma cameras are key devices for acquiring real-time molecular imaging information in radioguided surgery, playing an important role in clinical applications such as precise tumor resection, sentinel lymph node localization, and residual lesion assessment. Their performance directly affects the accuracy and reliability of radioguided surgical procedures. To address the limitations of existing intraoperative gamma cameras, which generally rely on mechanical collimators and consequently suffer from reduced sensitivity, increased system weight, and restricted field of view, this study proposes and develops a handheld intraoperative gamma camera based on self-collimation theory, and evaluates its key performance characteristics and representative applications. The proposed gamma camera employs a detector array composed of three-dimensionally sparse, interlaced Ce: GAGG crystal and glass elements, enabling self-collimating imaging without the use of conventional mechanical collimators. Experimental results demonstrate that the system achieves a sensitivity of (7.55±2.97)×10³ cps/MBq within a 100 mm×100 mm field of view at source-to-detector distances ranging from 30 to 100 mm. Spatial resolutions of 4 mm and 10 mm are achieved at distances of 5 cm and 10 cm, respectively. The three-dimensional localization errors of lymph node models are less than 2 mm in all three dimensions. In mouse sentinel lymph node imaging experiments, clear visualization and accurate localization of lymph nodes are achieved even when the activity level is significantly lower than the typical activity of human sentinel lymph nodes during clinical radioguided surgery. These results demonstrate that the self-collimation–based handheld intraoperative gamma camera, by eliminating the need for mechanical collimators, achieves a favorable balance between high sensitivity and spatial resolution, exhibits excellent low-activity imaging performance, and shows strong potential for providing effective intraoperative imaging in radioguided surgery.

Key words

Gamma camera / Radio-guided surgery / Self-collimation / Spatial resolution / Sensitivity

引用本文

张雨溪, 胡一凡, 吕振雷, 张玉方, 孙立风, 孙钰林, 周旭, 温凯, 马天予. 基于自准直成像思想的术中手持伽马相机. 现代仪器与医疗, 2026 , 32 (1) : 1 -8 . DOI: 10.11876/mimt202601001

Yuxi Zhang, Yifan Hu, Zhenlei Lyu, Yufang Zhang, Lifeng Sun, Yulin Sun, Xu Zhou, Kai Wen, Tianyu Ma. A hand-held intraoperative gamma camerabased on self-collimation[J]. Modern Instruments & Medical Treatment, 2026 , 32 (1) : 1 -8 . DOI: 10.11876/mimt202601001

基金

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国家原子能机构核技术研发项目(HJSYF2024（28）)
北京市自然科学基金重点研究专题项目(Z220010)

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2026年第32卷第1期

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文章信息

doi: 10.11876/mimt202601001

首发时间：2026-10-23
出版时间：2026-02-10

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基金

国家原子能机构核技术研发项目(HJSYF2024（28）)

北京市自然科学基金重点研究专题项目(Z220010)

作者信息

^1.清华大学工程物理系，北京　100084

^2.耶鲁大学放射与生物医学影像学系，纽黑文 06520，美国

^3.原子高科股份有限公司研发部，北京　102413

通讯作者:

马天予，男，博士研究生，长聘副教授，研究方向：核医学影像物理与仪器

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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