矿冶工程杂志

白烟尘碱性焙烧-两段酸浸综合处理工艺研究

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游乐明 ¹ , 张曙光 ²^,³ , 章旭福 ¹ , 肖世洁 ²^,³ , 张军 ¹ , 姜美光 ²^,³^,⁴ , 郭潇文 ¹ , 周亚飞 ⁵ , 夏发超 ¹

矿冶工程杂志 | 冶金 2026,46(1): 131-136

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矿冶工程杂志 |冶金 2026 , 46 (1) : 131 -136

白烟尘碱性焙烧-两段酸浸综合处理工艺研究

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游乐明¹, 张曙光²^,³, 章旭福¹, 肖世洁²^,³, 张军¹, 姜美光²^,³^,⁴, 郭潇文¹, 周亚飞⁵, 夏发超¹

作者信息

^1．云南迪庆有色金属有限责任公司，云南迪庆 630000

^2．昆明冶金研究院有限公司，云南昆明 650031

^3．云南省选冶新技术重点实验室，云南昆明 650031

^4．昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院，云南昆明 650093

^5．江西江岳环保科技有限公司，江西南昌 330008

通讯作者:

张曙光（1970—），男，云南昆明人，高级工程师，主要从事选矿技术研究。E-mail: 1160574859@qq.com

作者简介:

游乐明（1986—），男，江西乐安人，硕士，工程师，主要研究方向为湿法冶金。E-mail: 304763407@qq.com

Comprehensive Process of Alkaline Roasting and Two-Stage Acid Leaching for White Dust

Leming YOU¹, Shuguang ZHANG²^,³, Xufu ZHANG¹, Shijie XIAO²^,³, Jun ZHANG¹, Meiguang JIANG²^,³^,⁴, Xiaowen GUO¹, Yafei ZHOU⁵, Fachao XIA¹

Affiliations

^1.Yunnan Diqing Nonferrous Metal Co., Ltd., Diqing 630000, Yunnan, China

^2.Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, China

^3.Yunnan Key Laboratory of New Processing and Metallurgy Technology, Kunming 650031, Yunnan, China

^4.Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China

^5.Jiangxi Jiangyue Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi, China

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2026.01.022

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摘要

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通过碱性焙烧-水浸工艺脱除高砷白烟尘中的砷，水浸渣依次经过一段硫酸浸出分离铜锌、二段盐酸浸出分离铅铋，综合回收各金属。系统考察焙烧碱料比、焙烧温度和焙烧时间对水浸脱砷效果的影响以及两段酸浸的适宜工艺参数。结果表明：碱料比0.9、焙烧温度300 ℃、焙烧时间3 h条件下焙烧，焙砂再经水浸，脱砷率达到98.88%；水浸渣在液固比4 mL/g、初始硫酸浓度2.5 mol/L、温度90 ℃、浸出时间2 h条件下硫酸浸出，铜、锌浸出率分别达到98.32%、99.14%；硫酸浸出渣在液固比4 mL/g、盐酸浓度2.5 mol/L、温度90 ℃、浸出时间2 h条件下盐酸浸出，铋浸出率达到98.42%；硫酸浸出液中添加1.1倍理论值的硫化钠沉铜，沉铜率达到99.87%；沉铜后液蒸发结晶，锌回收率达到99.23%；调节盐酸浸出液pH值至3，铋回收率为99.74%。通过联合工艺实现了高砷烟尘中有价金属元素的综合回收利用。

关键词

白烟尘 / 碱性焙烧 / 水浸 / 酸浸 / 除砷 / 回收 / 铜 / 锌 / 铋

Abstract

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High-arsenic white dust was processed by adopting a process consisting of alkaline roasting and water leaching to remove the arsenic therein, and the water leaching residue was then subjected to first-stage sulfuric acid leaching for separation between copper and zinc, followed by second-stage hydrochloric acid leaching for separation between lead and bismuth, so as to comprehensively recover various metals. The effects of alkali-to-ore ratio, roasting temperature and time on arsenic removal by water leaching, along with the suitable process parameters for two stages of acid leaching and stepwise treatment of acid leachate were systematically explored. Firstly, 3 h roasting at 300 ℃ with alkali-to-ore ratio of 0.9 followed by water leaching of calcine achieved arsenic removal rate of 98.88%; and then, the obtained leaching residue with liquid-to-solid ratio of 4 mL/g was leached at 90 ℃ for 2 hours with sulfuric acid at an initial concentration of 2.5 mol/L, resulting in the leaching rates of copper and zinc reaching 98.32% and 99.14%, respectively. After that, the sulfuric acid leaching residue at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 4 mL/g was leached at 90 ℃ for 2 hours with hydrochloric acid at concentration of 2.5 mol/L, leading to the bismuth leaching rate up to 98.42%. The previously obtained sulfuric acid leachate was then added by 1.1 times the theoretical amount of sodium sulfide, resulting in copper precipitation rate of 99.87%, and the generated solution was then subjected to evaporation and crystallization, resulting in a zine recovery of 99.23%. While the previously generated hydrochloric acid leachate was neutralized to pH of 3, leading to a bismuth recovery rate of 99.74%. It is concluded that such combined process can actualize comprehensive recovery and utilization of valuable elements in high-arsenic dust.

Key words

white dust / alkaline roasting / water leaching / acid leaching / arsenic removal / recovery / copper / zine / bismuth

引用本文

游乐明, 张曙光, 章旭福, 肖世洁, 张军, 姜美光, 郭潇文, 周亚飞, 夏发超. 白烟尘碱性焙烧-两段酸浸综合处理工艺研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2026 , 46 (1) : 131 -136 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2026.01.022

Leming YOU, Shuguang ZHANG, Xufu ZHANG, Shijie XIAO, Jun ZHANG, Meiguang JIANG, Xiaowen GUO, Yafei ZHOU, Fachao XIA. Comprehensive Process of Alkaline Roasting and Two-Stage Acid Leaching for White Dust[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2026 , 46 (1) : 131 -136 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2026.01.022

基金

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云南省基础研究专项(202201AS070054)
云南省重大专项计划（迪庆州三年行动计划）(202402AB080010)
云南省中铜企业基础研究应用基础研究联合专项(202401BN070001-014)

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2026年第46卷第1期

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文章信息

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2026.01.022

接收时间：2025-08-30
首发时间：2026-10-08

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收稿日期：2025-08-30

基金

云南省基础研究专项(202201AS070054)

云南省重大专项计划（迪庆州三年行动计划）(202402AB080010)

云南省中铜企业基础研究应用基础研究联合专项(202401BN070001-014)

作者信息

^1．云南迪庆有色金属有限责任公司，云南迪庆 630000

^2．昆明冶金研究院有限公司，云南昆明 650031

^3．云南省选冶新技术重点实验室，云南昆明 650031

^4．昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院，云南昆明 650093

^5．江西江岳环保科技有限公司，江西南昌 330008

通讯作者:

张曙光（1970—），男，云南昆明人，高级工程师，主要从事选矿技术研究。E-mail: 1160574859@qq.com

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/CN/10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2026.01.022

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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