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Article(id=1241768044347850864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241768035548205179, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.007, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1692892800000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773990172707, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1706716800000, pubDateStr=2024-02-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773990172707, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773990172707, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773990172707, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241768035548205179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2024', volume='44', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='178', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773990170609, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773993209826, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241780783011140021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241768035548205179, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241780783015334326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241768035548205179, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=31, endPage=34, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241768045396426909, articleId=1241768044347850864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Sensitivity Analysis of Slope Stability Influencing Factors Based on GRA-AHP Combined Range Analysis Composite Algorithm, columnId=1236276106018484431, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=MINING, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The single application of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and grey relational analysis (GRA) algorithm is always affected by some subjective factors, leading to great deviation between the obtained evaluation result and the actual result. In view of this problem, a composite algorithm based on an integrated range analysis with GRA and AHP was proposed. Then, a phosphate mine in the southwest China was taken as an example, and this algorithm was adopted to analyze the sensitivity of factors, including gravity, internal friction angle, cohesive force, elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio, to the stability of slope in the Area A. The results show that the sensitivity of those influencing factors to the slope stability in Area A is in the following descending order: internal friction angle, cohesive force, gravity, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio. It is found that the analysis result is consistent with the actual situation of the mine.

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针对AHP和GRA单一算法应用过程中受主观影响导致评价结果与实际结果偏差较大的问题，提出了GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法，并以西南某磷矿A区边坡为例，运用该算法分析了重度、内摩擦角、黏聚力、弹性模量和泊松比对边坡稳定性的敏感性。结果表明，A区边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性从大到小顺序为：内摩擦角、黏聚力、重度、弹性模量、泊松比，分析结果与矿山实际情况相符。

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粟登峰（1989—），男，四川内江人，博士，讲师，主要从事采矿工程的教学与科研工作。E-mail：
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赵黎（1998—），男，四川阆中人，硕士研究生，主要从事矿山安全技术研究。E-mail：

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赵黎（1998—），男，四川阆中人，硕士研究生，主要从事矿山安全技术研究。E-mail：

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赵黎（1998—），男，四川阆中人，硕士研究生，主要从事矿山安全技术研究。E-mail：

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水平重度γ/（kN·m-3）（因素A）黏聚力C/MPa（因素B）内摩擦角φ/（°）（因素C）弹性模量E/GPa（因素D）泊松比μ（因素E）
123.600.8824.581.120.22
226.230.9827.311.250.25
329.141.0830.341.390.27
432.381.2033.721.540.30
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A区边坡稳定性影响因素水平表

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水平重度γ/（kN·m-3）（因素A）黏聚力C/MPa（因素B）内摩擦角φ/（°）（因素C）弹性模量E/GPa（因素D）泊松比μ（因素E）
123.600.8824.581.120.22
226.230.9827.311.250.25
329.141.0830.341.390.27
432.381.2033.721.540.30
), ArticleFig(id=1241779795109938164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241768044347850864, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验编号影响因素安全系数
ABCDE
1111112.060
2122222.150
3133332.230
4144442.340
5212341.996
6221432.010
7234122.180
8243212.180
9313421.957
10324312.040
11331241.957
12342132.040
13414231.918
14423141.902
15432411.902
16441321.910
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正交试验所对应的安全系数

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试验编号影响因素安全系数
ABCDE
1111112.060
2122222.150
3133332.230
4144442.340
5212341.996
6221432.010
7234122.180
8243212.180
9313421.957
10324312.040
11331241.957
12342132.040
13414231.918
14423141.902
15432411.902
16441321.910
), ArticleFig(id=1241779795374178313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241768044347850864, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
极差分析项ABCDE
k13.112.702.602.892.89
k22.962.822.782.902.89
k32.822.962.992.892.89
k42.703.113.232.912.91
R0.410.420.630.020.01
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极差分析结果

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极差分析项ABCDE
k13.112.702.602.892.89
k22.962.822.782.902.89
k32.822.962.992.892.89
k42.703.113.232.912.91
R0.410.420.630.020.01
), ArticleFig(id=1241779795659390996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241768044347850864, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分值定义
1i因素与j因素同等风险程度
3i因素比j因素风险大
5i因素明显比j因素风险大
倒数j因素比i因素风险大的程度
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评价矩阵分值及其含义

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分值定义
1i因素与j因素同等风险程度
3i因素比j因素风险大
5i因素明显比j因素风险大
倒数j因素比i因素风险大的程度
), ArticleFig(id=1241779795932020773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241768044347850864, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
准则层准则层权重指标层指标层权重组合权重
强度参数X10.75黏聚力X110.330.25
内摩擦角X120.660.50
其他参数X20.25重度X210.590.15
弹性模量X220.250.06
泊松比X230.160.04
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各影响因素权重

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准则层准则层权重指标层指标层权重组合权重
强度参数X10.75黏聚力X110.330.25
内摩擦角X120.660.50
其他参数X20.25重度X210.590.15
弹性模量X220.250.06
泊松比X230.160.04
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分析方法各影响因素权重
重度黏聚力内摩擦角弹性模量泊松比
极差分析0.410.420.630.020.01
GRA0.5430.5450.5970.4730.456
AHP0.150.250.500.060.04
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A区边坡各影响因素权重对比

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分析方法各影响因素权重
重度黏聚力内摩擦角弹性模量泊松比
极差分析0.410.420.630.020.01
GRA0.5430.5450.5970.4730.456
AHP0.150.250.500.060.04
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基于GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法的边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性分析
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赵黎 1 , 李正国 1 , 粟登峰 1 , 陈帮洪 1 , 田仁军 2
矿冶工程杂志 | 采矿 2024,44(1): 31-34
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矿冶工程杂志 | 采矿 2024, 44(1): 31-34
基于GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法的边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性分析
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赵黎1 , 李正国1, 粟登峰1 , 陈帮洪1, 田仁军2
作者信息
  • 1.西南科技大学　环境与资源学院，四川　绵阳　621000
  • 2.四川省职业安全健康协会，四川　成都　610012

    • 赵黎（1998—），男，四川阆中人，硕士研究生，主要从事矿山安全技术研究。E-mail：

通讯作者:

粟登峰（1989—），男，四川内江人，博士，讲师，主要从事采矿工程的教学与科研工作。E-mail：
Sensitivity Analysis of Slope Stability Influencing Factors Based on GRA-AHP Combined Range Analysis Composite Algorithm
Li ZHAO1 , Zhengguo LI1, Dengfeng SU1 , Banghong CHEN1, Renjun TIAN2
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
  • 2.Sichuan Occupational Safety and Health Association, Chengdu 610012, Sichuan, China
出版时间: 2024-02-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.007
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摘要
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针对AHP和GRA单一算法应用过程中受主观影响导致评价结果与实际结果偏差较大的问题，提出了GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法，并以西南某磷矿A区边坡为例，运用该算法分析了重度、内摩擦角、黏聚力、弹性模量和泊松比对边坡稳定性的敏感性。结果表明，A区边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性从大到小顺序为：内摩擦角、黏聚力、重度、弹性模量、泊松比，分析结果与矿山实际情况相符。

边坡稳定性  /  影响因素  /  敏感性  /  正交试验法  /  灰关联法  /  层次分析法

The single application of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and grey relational analysis (GRA) algorithm is always affected by some subjective factors, leading to great deviation between the obtained evaluation result and the actual result. In view of this problem, a composite algorithm based on an integrated range analysis with GRA and AHP was proposed. Then, a phosphate mine in the southwest China was taken as an example, and this algorithm was adopted to analyze the sensitivity of factors, including gravity, internal friction angle, cohesive force, elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio, to the stability of slope in the Area A. The results show that the sensitivity of those influencing factors to the slope stability in Area A is in the following descending order: internal friction angle, cohesive force, gravity, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio. It is found that the analysis result is consistent with the actual situation of the mine.

slope stability  /  influencing factors  /  sensitivity  /  orthogonal test method  /  grey relational analysis (GRA)  /  analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
赵黎, 李正国, 粟登峰, 陈帮洪, 田仁军. 基于GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法的边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性分析. 矿冶工程杂志, 2024 , 44 (1) : 31 -34 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.007
Li ZHAO, Zhengguo LI, Dengfeng SU, Banghong CHEN, Renjun TIAN. Sensitivity Analysis of Slope Stability Influencing Factors Based on GRA-AHP Combined Range Analysis Composite Algorithm[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2024 , 44 (1) : 31 -34 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.007
正文
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露天矿山边坡稳定是矿山生产的先决条件，矿山边坡稳定性一直是国内外学者研究的重点。对于边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性分析，过去往往使用单一的方法，如层次分析法（AHP）、粗糙集和灰色关联分析法（GRA）等。采用AHP对边坡稳定性影响因素进行分析时，其结果受主观影响较大[1]；采用GRA和熵权法两种客观方法组合，又有较大的限制条件[2]；通过正交试验法确定坡体安全系数影响大小，也仅从单一角度进行分析，难以考虑多因素对边坡的影响，具有一定局限性[3]。基于此，本文提出GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法，并以西南某磷矿为例，在充分考虑边坡实际状态的前提下采用数值模拟方法并结合多个算法优缺点对边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性进行分析，并对该算法的一致性和可行性进行了验证。
1　GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法
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针对单一分析方法存在的缺陷，提出了在数值模拟实验基础上的GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法。该方法克服了对边坡稳定性敏感因素分析时存在的主观影响较大、分析方法单一、结果有效性与可行性无法验证等缺点，能得到简洁明了的结果。
1.1　正交试验法
正交试验法是数理统计分析中的常用方法[4-5]。露天矿山边坡稳定性受多种因素影响，可以采用正交试验法来判断各因素的影响大小。
1.2　灰色关联分析
灰色关联分析（GRA）是一种用于系统分析和决策制定的数学方法[6]。该方法的流程是：首先确定系统中作为决策属性的主矩阵，即稳定性安全系数矩阵；其次确定影响决策的次矩阵[7]；选择主矩阵时需注意其与次矩阵是否存在内在联系，这种内在联系会对分析结果产生影响[8]。
1.3　层次分析法
层次分析法（AHP）是定性与定量结合的分析方法，是一种系统理论方法[9]。采用AHP进行分析时，首先要将问题进行分级以确定稳定性影响因素集合，将问题分为不同层级以确定不同层级中的影响因素，将相同层级的因素组合在一起进行比较，进而确定目标层、准则层、指标层的结构关系，得出各层的评价矩阵，最终得出不同层级与同层级之间的权重关系[10]。
1.4　GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法分析流程
GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法通过分析试验得到的原始岩体力学参数，确定正交试验法所需要的样本，设计正交试验方案，再给方案中的每一个样本建立对应的模型，进行数值模拟，计算每一个模型对应的临界状态安全系数；在得到安全系数的基础上，先进行极差分析，确定边坡稳定性影响因素，并运用GRA分析边坡稳定敏感性影响因素与边坡稳定性量化值安全系数之间的关系，再运用AHP分析边坡稳定性影响因素，得到分析结果。若AHP分析结果与GRA及极差分析结果存在差异，则重新进行AHP分析；极差分析、GRA与AHP结果一致，则得出最终结论。分析流程如图1所示。
2　工程实例
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2.1　矿山边坡工程地质概况
西南某磷矿位于四川盆地西南，开采矿石以脉石矿物及磷酸盐矿物为主，矿区内顺河谷断层经侵蚀成沟，两侧山峰耸立呈山谷地形，南、北两侧存在冲沟，地势较西部低。
矿区最高标高2 090 m、最低开采标高1 075 m，矿区内矿层出露最低标高1 200 m、最高标高1 550 m，相对高差350 m。A区边坡整体坡面角24°，坡高240 m，总体倾向178°，代表性剖面为I-I′剖面。矿山生产现状平面图见图2。
2.2　边坡计算模型
为便于分析边坡实际情况，假设A区边坡为一均质边坡，根据采集到的数据和勘探结果，构建边坡模型如图3所示。
2.3　数值模拟
通过构建网格化单元，结合材料岩土特性选择本构模型、连续体的连续性及模型计算边界等，得出模型在相应情况下的相应特征。本文首先通过犀牛软件构建网格，最大网格长度5 m，选择Griddle模型中的四面体，对软弱夹层及坡面等重点关注部位加密后，对实体模型进行自动网格划分，其剖面网格模型如图4所示。
将分析剖面导入FLAC3D软件进行强度折减求解安全系数[11]，得到A区边坡在数值模拟试验编号1的试验模型及边坡稳定性安全系数如图5所示。
3　边坡稳定影响因素敏感性分析
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3.1　正交试验及极差分析
正交试验各因素取值及水平如表1所示。A区边坡试验选用L16（45）正交表，各方案所对应的安全系数见表2，极差分析结果见表3。从表3可知，相同条件下，极差值大小顺序为：内摩擦角最大、黏聚力与重度较大、弹性模量与泊松比较小，所以A区边坡稳定性影响程度从大到小顺序为：内摩擦角，黏聚力，重度，弹性模量，泊松比。
3.2　GRA分析
根据式（1）～（4）计算rij，取rij的平均值作为关联系数：
式中xij、yij分别为主矩阵和次矩阵元素；x′ij、y′ij分别为无量纲化处理后的主、次矩阵元素；Mij为差异序列矩阵；θ为分辨率系数[12]，它可以增大数据之间的差异性，为便于对比，θ值一般取0.5。
经计算，得：
结果表明，各影响因素对边坡稳定性的影响敏感性从大到小顺序为：内摩擦角>黏聚力>重度>弹性模量>泊松比。
3.3　AHP分析
对相关文献进行分析，结合本文研究对象，选择边坡安全系数为目标层，选择强度及其他参数为准则层，选择内摩擦角、黏聚力、重度、弹性模量、泊松比为指标层。评价层次如图6所示。对不同层级因素进行比较判断的依据见表4。
构造评价矩阵X、X1、X2：
确定各因素权重，结果见表5。
3.4　结果讨论
将极差分析、GRA分析和AHP分析结果汇总于表6。结果表明，三种分析方法所得结果一致，A区边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性由大至小顺序为：内摩擦角，黏聚力，重度，弹性模量，泊松比。由此可见，基于GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法的边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性分析方法具有一定可靠性。
4　结论
收起
针对AHP和GRA单一算法在边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性分析应用过程中受主观影响导致评价结果与实际结果偏差较大的问题，提出了基于GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法，并以西南某磷矿为例，对边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性进行了分析，得到如下结论：
1）GRA-AHP联合极差分析复合算法评价结果更科学合理，可为边坡稳定性分析研究与安全管理工作提供依据。
2）西南某磷矿A区边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性由大至小依次为：内摩擦角，黏聚力，重度，弹性模量，泊松比。
基金
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  • 四川省自然科学基金（青年科学基金项目）(2022NSFSC1089)
  • 西南科技大学博士基金(18zx7124)
文献
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文章信息
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.007
  • 接收时间：2023-08-25
  • 首发时间：2026-03-20
  • 出版时间：2024-02-01
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  • 收稿日期：2023-08-25
基金
四川省自然科学基金（青年科学基金项目）(2022NSFSC1089)
西南科技大学博士基金(18zx7124)
作者信息
    1.西南科技大学　环境与资源学院，四川　绵阳　621000
    2.四川省职业安全健康协会，四川　成都　610012

通讯作者:

粟登峰（1989—），男，四川内江人，博士，讲师，主要从事采矿工程的教学与科研工作。E-mail：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Number of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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