Article(id=1241768043374772312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241768035548205179, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.015, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1691942400000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773990172475, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1706716800000, pubDateStr=2024-02-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773990172475, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773990172475, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773990172475, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241768035548205179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2024', volume='44', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='178', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773990170609, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773993209826, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241780783011140021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241768035548205179, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241780783015334326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241768035548205179, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=68, endPage=71, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241768044230410345, articleId=1241768043374772312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Experimental Study on Flotation of Fluorite-Calcite Symbiotic Ore, columnId=1236276106932842717, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=MINERAL PROCESSING, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Flotation tests were carried out for a fluorite-calcite symbiosis ore containing 31.09% CaF2 and 53.23% CaCO3, with the predominately valuable mineral of fluorite, and the dominantly gangue minerals of calcite, quartz and feldspar. After being milled to a fineness of -0.074 mm 75%, the ore was processed with acidized sodium silicate and EM-318 as depressants and EM-OL-3 as collector. Adopting a close-circuit flowsheet consisting of two stages of roughing, one stage of scavenging and eight stages of cleaning, a fluorite concentrate grading 97.26% CaF2 at 86.55% recovery can be obtained. Qualified as an acid-grade fluorite powder (with grade FC-97A) according to the Industry Standard for Ferrous Metallurgy (YB/T 5217—2005 (Fluorspar)), this fluorite concentrate can be used as the raw material in high-end fluorine chemical industry.

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某萤石-方解石共生矿CaF2含量31.09%、CaCO3含量53.23%,主要有用矿物为萤石,主要脉石矿物为方解石、石英和长石等。浮选实验结果表明,原矿磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占75%,以酸化水玻璃和EM-318作抑制剂、EM-OL-3作捕收剂,采用两粗一扫八精闭路浮选,最终得到CaF2品位97.26%、回收率86.55%的萤石精矿,质量达到萤石行业标准(YB/T 5217—2005)中FC-97A品质要求,可作为高端氟化工行业的原料。

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严伟平(1984—),男,江西万载人,硕士,副研究员,主要从事战略性矿产资源的高效开发与利用研究。E-mail:
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李维斯(1993—),男,四川成都人,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事战略性矿产综合回收利用研究工作。E-mail:

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李维斯(1993—),男,四川成都人,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事战略性矿产综合回收利用研究工作。E-mail:

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李维斯(1993—),男,四川成都人,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事战略性矿产综合回收利用研究工作。E-mail:

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CaOFSiO2CO2MgOAl2O3
50.2914.778.2623.040.180.76
SFe2O3P2O5As1)其他
0.010.670.4512.001.58
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原矿化学多元素分析结果(质量分数)

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CaOFSiO2CO2MgOAl2O3
50.2914.778.2623.040.180.76
SFe2O3P2O5As1)其他
0.010.670.4512.001.58
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萤石方解石石英长石伊利石磷灰石云母其他
32.9053.637.431.491.470.980.811.29
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原矿主要矿物组成(质量分数)

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萤石方解石石英长石伊利石磷灰石云母其他
32.9053.637.431.491.470.980.811.29
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相别含量/%分布率/%
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方解石中钙22.0457.82
其他矿物中钙0.140.36
合计38.12100.00
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相别含量/%分布率/%
萤石中钙15.9441.82
方解石中钙22.0457.82
其他矿物中钙0.140.36
合计38.12100.00
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产品名称产率/%CaF2品位/%CaF2回收率/%
萤石精矿27.6797.2686.55
尾矿72.335.7813.65
原矿100.0031.09100.00
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闭路实验结果

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产品名称产率/%CaF2品位/%CaF2回收率/%
萤石精矿27.6797.2686.55
尾矿72.335.7813.65
原矿100.0031.09100.00
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类别CaF2CaCO3SiO2SFe2O3PAs1)
萤石精矿97.260.550.600.050.020.032.86
行业标准[11]≥97.00≤1.00≤0.80≤0.05≤0.055.00
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萤石精矿化学成分分析结果(质量分数)

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类别CaF2CaCO3SiO2SFe2O3PAs1)
萤石精矿97.260.550.600.050.020.032.86
行业标准[11]≥97.00≤1.00≤0.80≤0.05≤0.055.00
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萤石石英方解石磷灰石铁氧化物其他
97.801.360.490.030.01偶见
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萤石精矿矿物组成(质量分数)

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萤石石英方解石磷灰石铁氧化物其他
97.801.360.490.030.01偶见
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某萤石-方解石共生矿浮选实验研究
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李维斯 1, 2 , 严伟平 1, 2 , 曾小波 1, 2 , 喻福涛 1, 2 , 邓建 1, 2 , 李伦 1, 2
矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2024,44(1): 68-71
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矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2024, 44(1): 68-71
某萤石-方解石共生矿浮选实验研究
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李维斯1, 2 , 严伟平1, 2 , 曾小波1, 2, 喻福涛1, 2, 邓建1, 2, 李伦1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所,四川 成都 610041
  • 2.自然资源部战略性矿产综合利用工程技术创新中心,四川 成都 610041
  • 李维斯(1993—),男,四川成都人,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事战略性矿产综合回收利用研究工作。E-mail:

通讯作者:

严伟平(1984—),男,江西万载人,硕士,副研究员,主要从事战略性矿产资源的高效开发与利用研究。E-mail:
Experimental Study on Flotation of Fluorite-Calcite Symbiotic Ore
Weisi LI1, 2 , Weiping YAN1, 2 , Xiaobo ZENG1, 2, Futao YU1, 2, Jian DENG1, 2, Lun LI1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, CAGS, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
  • 2.Technology Innovation Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Strategic Minerals Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
出版时间: 2024-02-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.015
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某萤石-方解石共生矿CaF2含量31.09%、CaCO3含量53.23%,主要有用矿物为萤石,主要脉石矿物为方解石、石英和长石等。浮选实验结果表明,原矿磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占75%,以酸化水玻璃和EM-318作抑制剂、EM-OL-3作捕收剂,采用两粗一扫八精闭路浮选,最终得到CaF2品位97.26%、回收率86.55%的萤石精矿,质量达到萤石行业标准(YB/T 5217—2005)中FC-97A品质要求,可作为高端氟化工行业的原料。

萤石  /  方解石  /  浮选  /  抑制剂  /  捕收剂

Flotation tests were carried out for a fluorite-calcite symbiosis ore containing 31.09% CaF2 and 53.23% CaCO3, with the predominately valuable mineral of fluorite, and the dominantly gangue minerals of calcite, quartz and feldspar. After being milled to a fineness of -0.074 mm 75%, the ore was processed with acidized sodium silicate and EM-318 as depressants and EM-OL-3 as collector. Adopting a close-circuit flowsheet consisting of two stages of roughing, one stage of scavenging and eight stages of cleaning, a fluorite concentrate grading 97.26% CaF2 at 86.55% recovery can be obtained. Qualified as an acid-grade fluorite powder (with grade FC-97A) according to the Industry Standard for Ferrous Metallurgy (YB/T 5217—2005 (Fluorspar)), this fluorite concentrate can be used as the raw material in high-end fluorine chemical industry.

fluorite  /  calcite  /  flotation  /  depressant  /  collector
李维斯, 严伟平, 曾小波, 喻福涛, 邓建, 李伦. 某萤石-方解石共生矿浮选实验研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2024 , 44 (1) : 68 -71 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.015
Weisi LI, Weiping YAN, Xiaobo ZENG, Futao YU, Jian DENG, Lun LI. Experimental Study on Flotation of Fluorite-Calcite Symbiotic Ore[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2024 , 44 (1) : 68 -71 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.015
萤石又称为氟石,其主要成分为CaF2,是唯一可以在工业生产中提供大量氟元素的矿物,主要用于提取或制备氟元素及其化合物,在冶金、化工、建材、陶瓷、航空、制冷、医药、原子能工业、氟化工等传统产业和新兴产业中有着广泛应用。根据《全国矿产资源规划(2016—2020年)》,萤石被列入我国“战略性矿产目录”,是“与稀土类似的世界级稀缺资源”[1-4]。根据矿床类型的不同,我国萤石矿可分为单一型萤石矿床和共伴生萤石矿床两大类[5]。根据主要矿物组成,萤石矿可分为石英型萤石、方解石型萤石、重晶石型共生萤石以及多金属伴生型萤石4种类型[6]。经多年发展,单一型萤石矿综合利用技术已日趋成熟,而共伴生萤石矿的浮选分离是业界难题。
共伴生萤石矿大多为贫矿,且矿石性质复杂,主要是因为萤石与除石英外的脉石如方解石(CaCO3)、天青石(SrSO4)、重晶石(BaSO4)等碱土金属盐类矿物具有相似的物理化学性质,其活性位点均为Ca2+、Sr2+、Ba2+,可浮性相似,降低了捕收剂对萤石的可浮性[7-9]。研发高效的萤石捕收剂或脉石抑制剂是解决该问题的关键[10]
本文以某萤石-方解石共生矿为研究对象,采用自主研发的EM-OL-3为捕收剂、自主研发的EM-318为抑制剂,进行系统地浮选试验研究,旨在为高效开发共伴生萤石提供理论依据及理论指导。
实验所用原矿样品为某萤石-方解石共生矿,原矿化学多元素分析结果见表1,矿物组成结果见表2
表1可知,CaO、F、SiO2和CO2是矿石中的主要成分,四者含量之和超过了98%。
表2可以看出,矿石中矿物以萤石和方解石为主,石英次之,这三类矿物的含量约占矿物总量的94%,该矿属于中低品位方解石型萤石;其他矿物还包括长石、伊利石、磷灰石、云母等,但含量很低。
矿样中钙化学物相分析结果见表3
表3可知,萤石和方解石中钙含量分别占到了总钙含量的41.82%和57.82%。
实验以EM-OL-3为萤石捕收剂,EM318及酸化水玻璃(SSB)为方解石抑制剂。为确定适宜的萤石粗选条件,按照图1所示流程开展了磨矿细度、EM318用量、SSB用量以及EM-OL-3用量实验。
固定EM-318、SSB和EM-OL-3用量均为400 g/t,进行了磨矿细度实验,结果见图2
图2可知,随着磨矿细度增加,萤石粗精矿CaF2品位逐渐升高,CaF2回收率逐渐下降。当磨矿细度达到-0.074 mm粒级占75%时,CaF2品位升至57.52%,继续增加磨矿细度,粗精矿CaF2回收率明显下降。综合考虑精矿品位和回收率,选择磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占75%。
磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占75%,SSB、EM-OL-3用量均为400 g/t时,进行了EM-318用量实验,结果见图3
图3可知,随着抑制剂EM-318用量增加,粗精矿CaF2品位显著提高,回收率略有下降,当EM-318用量升至400 g/t时,粗精矿CaF2品位达到了54.69%,继续增加EM-318用量,粗精矿回收率明显下降。综合考虑粗精矿指标和药剂成本,选择粗选抑制剂EM-318用量400 g/t。
磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占75%,EM-318、EM-OL-3用量均为400 g/t时,进行了SSB用量实验,结果见图4
图4可知,SSB用量200~600 g/t范围内,随着SSB用量增加,粗精矿CaF2品位明显提高,回收率略有提升;继续增加SSB用量,粗精矿CaF2品位略有增加,但回收率下降明显,即粗选SSB用量800 g/t时,其对萤石也产生了明显的抑制作用。综合考虑精矿品位、回收率及药剂成本,选择SSB用量600 g/t。
磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占75%,SSB和EM-318用量分别为600 g/t和400 g/t,进行了EM-OL-3用量实验,结果见图5
图5可知,随着捕收剂EM-OL-3用量增加,粗精矿CaF2回收率逐渐升高,EM-OL-3用量350 g/t时,粗精矿回收率达到了92.80%,尾矿品位降至5%以下。继续增加捕收剂用量,粗精矿品位显著降低。综合考虑粗精矿品位和回收率,选择EM-OL-3用量350 g/t。
在条件实验和开路实验基础上进行了浮选闭路实验,为了保证精矿品位和回收率,增加了一次粗选、一次扫选和两次精选,中矿2~8循序返回上一级作业,精选1尾矿返回至扫选,扫选精矿返回至粗选2。闭路实验流程如图6所示,结果见表4
表4可知,对于CaF2品位31.09%的原矿,在常温(20 ℃左右)时,以SSB和EM-318为抑制剂、EM-OL-3为捕收剂,闭路实验获得了产率27.67%、CaF2品位97.26%,CaF2回收率86.55%的萤石精矿。
为了充分了解精矿的化学成分,尤其是有害元素含量,以更准确地判定精矿产品用途,对萤石精矿进行了化学成分分析,结果见表5
表5可知,闭路浮选实验获得的萤石精矿CaF2品位为97.26%,萤石精矿质量达到萤石行业标准(YB/T 5217—2005)[11]中FC-97A品质要求。
萤石精矿局部示意图见图7,矿物组成见表6。结果表明,萤石精矿萤石含量高达97.80%,仅含少量石英和方解石、微量磷灰石及铁氧化物等。
1)为了克服方解石对浮选的负面影响,采用萤石优先浮选工艺,SSB和EM-318的药剂组合实现了对方解石矿物的选择性抑制。捕收剂EM-OL-3具有良好的耐低温性能,在矿浆温度20 ℃条件下获得了CaF2品位大于97%的萤石精矿。
2)通过系统的条件实验和开路流程实验,最终推荐的闭路实验主干流程为:两次粗选、一次扫选、八次精选。该工艺流程简单,实现了对方解石的早丢、多丢,确保能获得CaF2品位大于97%的萤石精矿。
3)对于CaF2品位31.09%的原矿,在常温(20 ℃左右)条件下,采用两次粗选、一次扫选、八次精选的浮选工艺流程,获得了产率27.67%、CaF2品位97.26%、CaF2回收率86.55%的萤石精矿。
4)萤石精矿质量达到萤石行业标准YB/T 5217—2005中FC-97A品质要求,为优质酸级萤石精矿,非常适合作为高端氟化工行业的原料。
  • 贵州省科学技术厅科技重大专项项目(黔科合战略找矿[2022]ZD006)
  • 中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20230039)
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2024年第44卷第1期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.015
  • 接收时间:2023-08-14
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-02-01
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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-14
基金
贵州省科学技术厅科技重大专项项目(黔科合战略找矿[2022]ZD006)
中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20230039)
作者信息
    1.中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所,四川 成都 610041
    2.自然资源部战略性矿产综合利用工程技术创新中心,四川 成都 610041

通讯作者:

严伟平(1984—),男,江西万载人,硕士,副研究员,主要从事战略性矿产资源的高效开发与利用研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
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Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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