Article(id=1241768041453781038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241768035548205179, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.013, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1691337600000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-07, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773990172016, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1706716800000, pubDateStr=2024-02-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773990172016, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773990172016, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773990172016, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241768035548205179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2024', volume='44', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='178', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773990170609, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773993209826, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241780783011140021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241768035548205179, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241780783015334326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241768035548205179, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=57, endPage=59, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241768041889988669, articleId=1241768041453781038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Reclaiming Copper Resource from Copper Smelting Slag by Flotation Approach, columnId=1236276106932842717, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=MINERAL PROCESSING, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Flotation technique was introduced to reclaim copper resource from a copper smelting slag with Cu grade of 2.70%. With sodium sulfide as the regulator, the scavenger middling was collected for flotation and its tailings were classified into a size range of +20 μm to return, together with the cleaning concentrate of middling, to the quick flotation stage. With this optimized flowsheet, a stage of scavenging can be dislodged and the mud content in the middling can be reduced. Finally, a closed-circuit test produced a copper concentrate grading 20.59% Cu at 91.75% recovery, and the tailings with Cu grade reduced to 0.26%.

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对某含铜2.70%的铜冶炼渣进行了浮选回收铜的试验研究。结果表明,浮选过程中添加硫化钠作为调整剂,并采用中矿集中再选后尾矿分级的工艺流程,可减少一段扫选,降低中矿含泥量,闭路试验获得了铜品位20.59%、回收率91.75%的铜精矿,综合尾矿铜品位降至0.26%。

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吴海祥(1996—),男,福建连城人,助理工程师,主要从事有色金属选矿工艺应用研究工作。E-mail:

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吴海祥(1996—),男,福建连城人,助理工程师,主要从事有色金属选矿工艺应用研究工作。E-mail:

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吴海祥(1996—),男,福建连城人,助理工程师,主要从事有色金属选矿工艺应用研究工作。E-mail:

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CuSTFePbZnAs
2.700.5740.280.090.820.028
Au1)Ag1)SiO2Al2O3CaOMgO
0.0410.6432.407.354.711.61
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铜冶炼渣化学多元素分析结果(质量分数)

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CuSTFePbZnAs
2.700.5740.280.090.820.028
Au1)Ag1)SiO2Al2O3CaOMgO
0.0410.6432.407.354.711.61
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解离度/%含量/%连生体/%不同粒级(μm)铜矿物含量/%
与磁铁矿与其他金属矿物与铁橄榄石与玻璃相及钙铁铝硅酸相等脉石0~1010~2020~3838~75
10082.576.2020.6836.9318.76
80~1008.731.131.731.973.890.091.013.783.84
50~802.350.300.120.701.220.370.930.690.37
<506.352.920.101.631.724.431.680.220.02
合计100.004.351.954.316.8311.0924.3041.6222.99
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二段分级溢流铜矿物解离度及粒度分布情况

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解离度/%含量/%连生体/%不同粒级(μm)铜矿物含量/%
与磁铁矿与其他金属矿物与铁橄榄石与玻璃相及钙铁铝硅酸相等脉石0~1010~2020~3838~75
10082.576.2020.6836.9318.76
80~1008.731.131.731.973.890.091.013.783.84
50~802.350.300.120.701.220.370.930.690.37
<506.352.920.101.631.724.431.680.220.02
合计100.004.351.954.316.8311.0924.3041.6222.99
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解离度/%含量/%连生体/%不同粒级(μm)铜矿物含量/%
与磁铁矿与其他金属矿物与铁橄榄石与玻璃相及钙铁铝硅酸相等脉石0~1010~2020~3838~75
10032.907.8910.4714.030.51
80~1002.540.372.020.050.100.161.390.810.18
50~802.300.161.250.180.710.331.250.72
<5062.2631.121.3416.7913.0155.936.140.19
合计100.0031.654.6117.0246.7264.3119.2515.750.69
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尾矿铜矿物解离度及粒度分布情况

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与磁铁矿与其他金属矿物与铁橄榄石与玻璃相及钙铁铝硅酸相等脉石0~1010~2020~3838~75
10032.907.8910.4714.030.51
80~1002.540.372.020.050.100.161.390.810.18
50~802.300.161.250.180.710.331.250.72
<5062.2631.121.3416.7913.0155.936.140.19
合计100.0031.654.6117.0246.7264.3119.2515.750.69
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调整剂种类及用量/(g·t-1产品名称产率/%品位/%回收率/%
空白铜精矿9.1823.3279.58
尾矿90.820.6020.42
铜渣100.002.69100.00
硫化钠:50铜精矿9.7023.4684.91
尾矿90.300.4515.09
铜渣100.002.68100.00
水玻璃:800铜精矿7.8225.3473.94
尾矿92.180.7626.06
铜渣100.002.68100.00
碳酸钠:600铜精矿10.3120.0776.64
尾矿89.690.7023.36
铜渣100.002.70100.00
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调整剂种类试验结果

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调整剂种类及用量/(g·t-1产品名称产率/%品位/%回收率/%
空白铜精矿9.1823.3279.58
尾矿90.820.6020.42
铜渣100.002.69100.00
硫化钠:50铜精矿9.7023.4684.91
尾矿90.300.4515.09
铜渣100.002.68100.00
水玻璃:800铜精矿7.8225.3473.94
尾矿92.180.7626.06
铜渣100.002.68100.00
碳酸钠:600铜精矿10.3120.0776.64
尾矿89.690.7023.36
铜渣100.002.70100.00
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产品名称产率/%品位/%回收率/%
铜精矿9.7123.0686.12
再选精矿3.863.054.52
再选尾矿9.350.822.95
尾矿77.080.226.41
合计100.002.60100.00
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中矿再选试验结果

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产品名称产率/%品位/%回收率/%
铜精矿9.7123.0686.12
再选精矿3.863.054.52
再选尾矿9.350.822.95
尾矿77.080.226.41
合计100.002.60100.00
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粒级/μm产率/%品位/%分布率/%
+201.9714.2435.06
-2098.030.5364.94
合计100.000.80100.00
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中矿再选尾矿筛析结果

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+201.9714.2435.06
-2098.030.5364.94
合计100.000.80100.00
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中矿处理方式产品名称产率/%品位/%回收率/%
中矿集中返回铜精矿13.6317.9190.08
尾矿86.370.319.92
铜渣100.002.71100.00
中矿再选-分级铜精矿12.1220.5991.75
尾矿185.760.237.25
尾矿22.121.291.00
总尾矿87.880.268.25
铜渣100.002.72100.00
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闭路试验结果

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中矿处理方式产品名称产率/%品位/%回收率/%
中矿集中返回铜精矿13.6317.9190.08
尾矿86.370.319.92
铜渣100.002.71100.00
中矿再选-分级铜精矿12.1220.5991.75
尾矿185.760.237.25
尾矿22.121.291.00
总尾矿87.880.268.25
铜渣100.002.72100.00
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某铜冶炼渣浮选回收铜工艺试验研究
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吴海祥 1, 2 , 吴维新 1, 2 , 岳涛 1, 2 , 陈杭 1, 2 , 梁治安 1, 2
矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2024,44(1): 57-59
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矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2024, 44(1): 57-59
某铜冶炼渣浮选回收铜工艺试验研究
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吴海祥1, 2 , 吴维新1, 2, 岳涛1, 2, 陈杭1, 2, 梁治安1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.低品位难处理黄金资源综合利用国家重点实验室,福建 厦门 361101
  • 2.厦门紫金矿冶技术有限公司,福建 厦门 361101
  • 吴海祥(1996—),男,福建连城人,助理工程师,主要从事有色金属选矿工艺应用研究工作。E-mail:

Reclaiming Copper Resource from Copper Smelting Slag by Flotation Approach
Haixiang WU1, 2 , Weixin WU1, 2, Tao YUE1, 2, Hang CHEN1, 2, Zhian LIANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Low-Grade Refractory Gold Ores, Xiamen 361101, Fujian, China
  • 2.Xiamen Zijin Mining & Metallurgy Technology Co Ltd, Xiamen 361101, Fujian, China
出版时间: 2024-02-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.013
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对某含铜2.70%的铜冶炼渣进行了浮选回收铜的试验研究。结果表明,浮选过程中添加硫化钠作为调整剂,并采用中矿集中再选后尾矿分级的工艺流程,可减少一段扫选,降低中矿含泥量,闭路试验获得了铜品位20.59%、回收率91.75%的铜精矿,综合尾矿铜品位降至0.26%。

铜渣  /  浮选  /  中矿处理  /  分级  /  铜精矿

Flotation technique was introduced to reclaim copper resource from a copper smelting slag with Cu grade of 2.70%. With sodium sulfide as the regulator, the scavenger middling was collected for flotation and its tailings were classified into a size range of +20 μm to return, together with the cleaning concentrate of middling, to the quick flotation stage. With this optimized flowsheet, a stage of scavenging can be dislodged and the mud content in the middling can be reduced. Finally, a closed-circuit test produced a copper concentrate grading 20.59% Cu at 91.75% recovery, and the tailings with Cu grade reduced to 0.26%.

copper smelting slag  /  flotation  /  processing of middling  /  classification  /  copper concentrate
吴海祥, 吴维新, 岳涛, 陈杭, 梁治安. 某铜冶炼渣浮选回收铜工艺试验研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2024 , 44 (1) : 57 -59 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.013
Haixiang WU, Weixin WU, Tao YUE, Hang CHEN, Zhian LIANG. Reclaiming Copper Resource from Copper Smelting Slag by Flotation Approach[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2024 , 44 (1) : 57 -59 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.013
铜是多领域应用的重要金属,国内由铜精矿火法冶炼生产的铜占铜总产量的97%[1-3]。数据表明,2022年我国精炼铜产量1 106万吨[4],产生大量铜渣,由于铜渣成分和结构较为复杂,不利于提取和回收有价金属,铜渣多采用露天堆放,不仅占用土地,而且存在土壤和水体被污染等一系列社会问题[5]
本文对某铜冶炼厂冶炼渣开展选矿工艺研究,查明铜渣选厂尾矿跑尾的原因,开展工艺优化试验研究,对两种中矿处理方式进行闭路试验对比,以达到提高铜渣资源综合利用率和获得较好选矿技术指标的目的。
试样为某铜冶炼企业的冶炼渣,其化学多元素分析结果如表1所示。该冶炼渣铜品位2.70%,铜硫比4.74,属于铜渣中富铜矿的范围。
该企业原有浮选流程为一段快浮+四段扫选,以Z-200与丁基黄药3∶1组合作为铜捕收剂、2#油作为起泡剂,获得的铜精矿品位20.23%、铜回收率87.27%,尾矿铜品位0.39%。为查明原工艺流程中尾矿跑尾的原因,对二段溢流和尾矿粒度组成及铜矿物解离度进行了分析,结果如表23所示。由表23可知,二段溢流中铜矿物-10 μm粒级仅占11.09%,单体解离度为82.57%,贫连生体占比为6.35%;尾矿中铜矿物-10 μm粒级占比上升至64.31%,单体解离度为32.90%;二段分级溢流-38 μm粒级占比77.01%,大量细粒含铜矿物未被回收,应加强回收尾矿中细粒单体解离铜矿物。
铜冶炼渣是火法冶金的产物,主要由矿石、熔剂、还原剂(或燃料)灰分中的造渣成分组成,是各种氧化物的熔体,成分复杂[6]。对比了调整剂种类对含铜矿物回收的影响,试验流程如图1所示,结果见表4。结果表明,800 g/t水玻璃为调整剂时,铜品位相比于空白组提高了2.02个百分点、回收率下降了5.64个百分点;600 g/t碳酸钠对精矿铜品位及回收率无积极作用;50 g/t硫化钠为调整剂时,精矿铜回收率较高(84.91%)。其基本原理是:硫化钠在矿浆中电离出的S-与矿物表面的Cu2+反应生成CuS沉淀,形成Cu-S双电层结构,对铜矿物表面产生活化作用,增加了矿物与药剂的接触面积和反应速度,铜矿物可浮性提高。
相同条件下进行了硫化钠用量条件试验,结果如图2所示。硫化钠用量由0增至40 g/t,铜粗精矿品位无明显波动,回收率逐步上升,40 g/t时铜粗精矿品位和回收率分别为23.22%和86.91%;硫化钠用量大于40 g/t后,精矿指标下降,说明针对此铜渣,矿浆中硫化钠浓度需谨慎控制,后续扫选硫化钠用量逐步减半,中矿再选不添加硫化钠。
一段快速浮选尾矿经三段扫选回收铜,扫选精矿合并为综合中矿,进行了中矿再选试验,结果见表5,再选尾矿筛析结果见表6。再选精矿铜品位3.05%,再选尾矿中存在部分红紫色较粗矿物颗粒;再选尾矿中+20 μm粒级铜品位14.24%,明显高于-20 μm粒级,原因为:+20 μm粒级含有部分单质铜,有较好的延展性,磨矿阶段经磨机作用形成长条扁平状,同时单质铜密度大,部分在综合中矿再选中掉槽进入再选尾矿,可利用分级进一步提高铜回收率。
综合中矿再选精矿与再选尾矿分级粗粒品位未达到品质要求,返回快速浮选阶段进行选别。原厂流程及优化流程闭路对比试验结果见表7,试验流程如图3所示。对比中矿集中返回流程,中矿再选-分级流程铜品位提升至20.59%,铜精矿回收率提升至91.75%。主要原因为:综合中矿中存在大量细泥,细泥黏附在粗粒铜矿物表面,起到一种“抑制”作用,使粗粒可浮性降低;细泥表面还存在大量未饱和表面键力,会无选择性地吸附浮选药剂,分级作业减少了中矿闭路循环中细泥的负面影响。
1)某铜冶炼厂铜渣中铜品位2.70%,TFe品位40.28%,铜硫比4.74,属于铜渣中富铜矿类别;铜渣中部分铜矿物嵌布粒度极细,原选矿流程中尾矿铜矿物-10 μm粒级占比64.31%,存在大量细粒含铜矿物未被回收利用。
2)一段快速浮选添加40 g/t硫化钠作为调整剂,可获得铜品位23.46%、回收率84.91%的铜精矿;综合中矿再选后的尾矿+20 μm粒级铜品位14.24%,存在部分单质铜。
3)综合中矿再选后进行分级可减少细泥对浮选指标的影响,铜品位提升至20.59%,铜精矿回收率91.75%,综合尾矿铜品位降至0.26%,获得了良好的技术指标。中矿再选-分级流程可为同类铜冶炼渣选矿提供参考。
  • 福建省科技计划区域发展项目(2020H4030)
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.013
  • 接收时间:2023-08-07
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-02-01
补充材料
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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-07
基金
福建省科技计划区域发展项目(2020H4030)
作者信息
    1.低品位难处理黄金资源综合利用国家重点实验室,福建 厦门 361101
    2.厦门紫金矿冶技术有限公司,福建 厦门 361101
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/CN/10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.01.013
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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