Article(id=1241416389311910845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241416382559081210, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.009, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1735142400000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773906331613, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1748707200000, pubDateStr=2025-06-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773906331613, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773906331613, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773906331613, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241416382559081210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2025', volume='45', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='223', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773906330003, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773908015401, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241423451685179940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241416382559081210, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241423451685179941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241416382559081210, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=57, endPage=62, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241416392914817175, articleId=1241416389311910845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Evaluation of Foundation Pit Slope Stability Based on Unascertained Measure Theory and Euclidean Distance Discriminant Method, columnId=1236276106018484431, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=MINING, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Based on the unascertained measure theory, ten influencing factors, including hydrological and engineering geological conditions, slope height, slope gradient, foundation pit depth, drainage facilities, adjacent loads, distance from adjacent loads to the pit edge, maximum daily rainfall, support method and construction method, were selected. The weight of each indicator was determined by using the entropy weight method, and an unascertained measure theory model for a certain foundation pit slope was established. Then the slope's stability level was determined by adopting Euclidean distance discriminant method. The results indicate that when there is heavy rainfall and both drainage facilities and support methods are poor, the foundation pit slope is instable. When there is no rainfall and both drainage facilities and support schemes are good, the slope is relatively stable. It is shown that drainage facilities and support schemes have a significant impact on slope stability. Field monitoring data show that the evaluation results are consistent with the actual situation, demonstrating high reliability of the proposed unascertained measure theory and Euclidean distance discriminant method for evaluating foundation pit slope stability.

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基于未确知测度理论,选取水文工程地质条件、边坡高度、边坡坡度、基坑深度、排水设施、临近荷载、临近荷载坑边距、日最大降雨量、支护方式和施工方式共10个影响因素,利用熵权法确定各指标的权重,建立某基坑边坡未确知测度理论模型,结合欧氏距离判别法确定边坡的稳定性程度。结果表明,在强降雨且排水设施和支护方式均差时,基坑边坡稳定性差;无降雨且排水设施和支护方式均好时,基坑边坡较稳定;排水设施和支护方式对边坡稳定性的影响显著。现场监测数据表明,评价结果与实际情况较为一致,证明未确知测度理论和欧氏距离判别法评价基坑边坡稳定性的可靠性较高。

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喻鲲鹏(1989—),湖南长沙人,高级工程师,主要从事地铁隧道的施工与管理工作。E-mail:

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喻鲲鹏(1989—),湖南长沙人,高级工程师,主要从事地铁隧道的施工与管理工作。E-mail:

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喻鲲鹏(1989—),湖南长沙人,高级工程师,主要从事地铁隧道的施工与管理工作。E-mail:

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Journal of Hebei University of Engineering (Natural Science Edition), 2019, 36(1): 11-16., articleTitle=Stability evaluation of foundation pit based on unascertained measure theory, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241422266613944355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, awardId=20224BAB214033, language=CN, fundingSource=江西省自然科学基金(20224BAB214033), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241422253594825134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241422253599019439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, companyId=1241422253594825134, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.China Railway Tunnel Group No.3 Engineering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518051, Guangdong, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241422253603213744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, companyId=1241422253594825134, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中铁隧道局集团三处有限公司,广东 深圳 518051)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241422253901009337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241422253909397946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, companyId=1241422253901009337, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241422253913592252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, companyId=1241422253901009337, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.华东交通大学 土木建筑学院,江西 南昌 330013)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241422264609067932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Measure function of each indicator, figureFileSmall=8+ueJmi9N2ZkqfkOuek32g==, figureFileBig=wVevCWi2nQy9ssDDgGKoiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422264751674275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, language=CN, label=图1, caption=各指标单指标测度函数, figureFileSmall=8+ueJmi9N2ZkqfkOuek32g==, figureFileBig=wVevCWi2nQy9ssDDgGKoiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422264894280627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Curves of foundation slope displacement and rainfall change, figureFileSmall=FFJy+yeoGkARhZxySYQveQ==, figureFileBig=5X36Fj1/zWPuxkbcjgJmvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422265024304060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, language=CN, label=图2, caption=基坑边坡位移和降雨量变化曲线图, figureFileSmall=FFJy+yeoGkARhZxySYQveQ==, figureFileBig=5X36Fj1/zWPuxkbcjgJmvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422265137550277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Assessment criteria for slope stability of foundation pit

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
评价指标符号稳定C1较稳定C2一般稳定C3不稳定C4
边坡高度/mM1<5050~100100~150>150
边坡坡度/(°)M2<1515~3030~45>45
水文工程地质条件M31234
基坑深度/mM4<44~66~13>13
排水设施M51234
日最大降雨量/mmM6<2525~5555~90>90
临近荷载/kPaM7<3030~100100~200>200
临近荷载坑边距/mM8>1510~155~10<5
支护方式M91234
施工方式M101234
), ArticleFig(id=1241422265405985750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

基坑边坡稳定性评判标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
评价指标符号稳定C1较稳定C2一般稳定C3不稳定C4
边坡高度/mM1<5050~100100~150>150
边坡坡度/(°)M2<1515~3030~45>45
水文工程地质条件M31234
基坑深度/mM4<44~66~13>13
排水设施M51234
日最大降雨量/mmM6<2525~5555~90>90
临近荷载/kPaM7<3030~100100~200>200
临近荷载坑边距/mM8>1510~155~10<5
支护方式M91234
施工方式M101234
), ArticleFig(id=1241422265582146532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Quantitative criteria for qualitative indicators

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
定性指标等级赋值
稳定C1较稳定C2一般稳定C3不稳定C4
水文工程地质条件简单水文地质和工程地质(1)水文地质和工程地质至少一项为中等复杂(2)复杂水文地质或工程地质(3)复杂水文地质和工程地质(4)
排水设施非常好(1)较好(2)一般(3)非常差(4)
支护方式合理(1)一般合理(2)较合理(3)不合理(4)
施工方式非常好(1)较好(2)一般(3)非常差(4)
), ArticleFig(id=1241422265917690860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

定性指标定量标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
定性指标等级赋值
稳定C1较稳定C2一般稳定C3不稳定C4
水文工程地质条件简单水文地质和工程地质(1)水文地质和工程地质至少一项为中等复杂(2)复杂水文地质或工程地质(3)复杂水文地质和工程地质(4)
排水设施非常好(1)较好(2)一般(3)非常差(4)
支护方式合理(1)一般合理(2)较合理(3)不合理(4)
施工方式非常好(1)较好(2)一般(3)非常差(4)
), ArticleFig(id=1241422266043519992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Analysis indicators for slope stability of a typical foundation pit

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
计算工况M1M2M3M4M5M6M7M8M9M10备注
6.5452720200222无降雨、支护较好、排水设施好
6.545272107200222降雨量大(实测最大值107 mm/d)、排水设施较好、支护较好
6.545274107200222降雨量大(实测最大值107 mm/d)、排水设施非常差、支护较好
6.5452720200242无降雨、支护非常差、排水设施好
6.545272107200242降雨量大(实测最大值107 mm/d)、排水设施较好、支护非常差
6.545274107200242降雨量大(实测最大值107 mm/d)、排水设施非常差、支护非常差
), ArticleFig(id=1241422266119017471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

某典型基坑边坡稳定性分析指标汇总

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
计算工况M1M2M3M4M5M6M7M8M9M10备注
6.5452720200222无降雨、支护较好、排水设施好
6.545272107200222降雨量大(实测最大值107 mm/d)、排水设施较好、支护较好
6.545274107200222降雨量大(实测最大值107 mm/d)、排水设施非常差、支护较好
6.5452720200242无降雨、支护非常差、排水设施好
6.545272107200242降雨量大(实测最大值107 mm/d)、排水设施较好、支护非常差
6.545274107200242降雨量大(实测最大值107 mm/d)、排水设施非常差、支护非常差
), ArticleFig(id=1241422266240651271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Slope stability level and stability coefficient of foundation pit under different working condition

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
计算工况d1d2d3d4最小值边坡稳定性稳定性程度稳定性程度排序
0.962 50.668 31.140 20.846 2d2较稳定9.104 51
1.086 80.700 61.159 50.741 5d2较稳定8.932 62
1.094 10.846 91.166 30.596 1d4不稳定8.671 44
0.959 30.806 71.137 50.706 7d4不稳定8.812 03
1.094 10.846 91.166 30.596 1d4不稳定8.671 44
1.121 30.993 91.191 90.452 9d4不稳定8.496 55
), ArticleFig(id=1241422266362286100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416389311910845, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

各工况下基坑边坡稳定性等级及稳定性程度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
计算工况d1d2d3d4最小值边坡稳定性稳定性程度稳定性程度排序
0.962 50.668 31.140 20.846 2d2较稳定9.104 51
1.086 80.700 61.159 50.741 5d2较稳定8.932 62
1.094 10.846 91.166 30.596 1d4不稳定8.671 44
0.959 30.806 71.137 50.706 7d4不稳定8.812 03
1.094 10.846 91.166 30.596 1d4不稳定8.671 44
1.121 30.993 91.191 90.452 9d4不稳定8.496 55
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基于未确知测度理论和欧氏距离判别法的基坑边坡稳定性评价
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喻鲲鹏 1 , 张海行 1 , 黄攀衡 1 , 余游 1 , 贺彬 1 , 陈顺满 2
矿冶工程杂志 | 采矿 2025,45(3): 57-62
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矿冶工程杂志 | 采矿 2025, 45(3): 57-62
基于未确知测度理论和欧氏距离判别法的基坑边坡稳定性评价
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喻鲲鹏1 , 张海行1, 黄攀衡1, 余游1, 贺彬1, 陈顺满2
作者信息
  • 1.中铁隧道局集团三处有限公司,广东 深圳 518051
  • 2.华东交通大学 土木建筑学院,江西 南昌 330013
  • 喻鲲鹏(1989—),湖南长沙人,高级工程师,主要从事地铁隧道的施工与管理工作。E-mail:

Evaluation of Foundation Pit Slope Stability Based on Unascertained Measure Theory and Euclidean Distance Discriminant Method
Kunpeng YU1 , Haixing ZHANG1, Panheng HUANG1, You YU1, Bin HE1, Shunman CHEN2
Affiliations
  • 1.China Railway Tunnel Group No.3 Engineering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518051, Guangdong, China
  • 2.School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
出版时间: 2025-06-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.009
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基于未确知测度理论,选取水文工程地质条件、边坡高度、边坡坡度、基坑深度、排水设施、临近荷载、临近荷载坑边距、日最大降雨量、支护方式和施工方式共10个影响因素,利用熵权法确定各指标的权重,建立某基坑边坡未确知测度理论模型,结合欧氏距离判别法确定边坡的稳定性程度。结果表明,在强降雨且排水设施和支护方式均差时,基坑边坡稳定性差;无降雨且排水设施和支护方式均好时,基坑边坡较稳定;排水设施和支护方式对边坡稳定性的影响显著。现场监测数据表明,评价结果与实际情况较为一致,证明未确知测度理论和欧氏距离判别法评价基坑边坡稳定性的可靠性较高。

边坡  /  未确知测度理论  /  欧氏距离  /  评价模型  /  边坡稳定性  /  测度函数  /  排水设施  /  支护方式  /  降雨

Based on the unascertained measure theory, ten influencing factors, including hydrological and engineering geological conditions, slope height, slope gradient, foundation pit depth, drainage facilities, adjacent loads, distance from adjacent loads to the pit edge, maximum daily rainfall, support method and construction method, were selected. The weight of each indicator was determined by using the entropy weight method, and an unascertained measure theory model for a certain foundation pit slope was established. Then the slope's stability level was determined by adopting Euclidean distance discriminant method. The results indicate that when there is heavy rainfall and both drainage facilities and support methods are poor, the foundation pit slope is instable. When there is no rainfall and both drainage facilities and support schemes are good, the slope is relatively stable. It is shown that drainage facilities and support schemes have a significant impact on slope stability. Field monitoring data show that the evaluation results are consistent with the actual situation, demonstrating high reliability of the proposed unascertained measure theory and Euclidean distance discriminant method for evaluating foundation pit slope stability.

slope  /  unascertained measure theory  /  Euclidean distance  /  evaluation model  /  slope stability  /  measure function  /  drainage facility  /  support method  /  rainfall
喻鲲鹏, 张海行, 黄攀衡, 余游, 贺彬, 陈顺满. 基于未确知测度理论和欧氏距离判别法的基坑边坡稳定性评价. 矿冶工程杂志, 2025 , 45 (3) : 57 -62 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.009
Kunpeng YU, Haixing ZHANG, Panheng HUANG, You YU, Bin HE, Shunman CHEN. Evaluation of Foundation Pit Slope Stability Based on Unascertained Measure Theory and Euclidean Distance Discriminant Method[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2025 , 45 (3) : 57 -62 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.009
边坡稳定性一直是工程领域备受瞩目的问题之一,边坡失稳不仅会造成经济损失,也会给人们生命安全带来严重威胁[1-2]。影响边坡稳定性的因素众多,因此,有必要对边坡稳定性开展深入研究[3]。随着计算机技术的发展,层次分析法[4]、灰色理论[5]、模糊数学理论[6]、CRITIC-蛛网灰靶法[7]和AHP-FCE模型[8]等综合评价方法在边坡稳定性分析中得到了广泛应用,但这些方法还存在一定不足,例如模糊综合评判方法和层次分析法受人为因素(专家打分法)的影响,其确定的权重往往有较大主观性。
未确知测度理论主要采用熵权法确定权重,可避免人为因素的影响,适用于影响因素较多的工程问题评价[9],且变权欧氏距离对不同维度数据进行权重赋值[10],可较好处理有尺度信息的样本问题,提高计算精度。本文采用未确知测度理论,选取影响基坑边坡稳定性的关键因素,构建基坑边坡稳定性未确知测度理论计算模型,并采用欧氏距离判别法确定边坡稳定性等级。
未确知测度理论通过构造单指标测度函数,确定指标权重,设立多指标综合测度向量,最终采用欧氏距离判别法确定评价等级。
设优选对象空间Ri={R1R2,…,Rn},每个优选对象有m个指标,记为Mj={M1M2,…,Mm},xijj=1,2,3,…,m)表示第i个优选对象关于评价指标Mj的测量值。每个评价指标又分为p个评价等级,记为U={C1C2,…,Ck,…,Cp},其中Ck为评价指标的第k个等级,且高于第k+1个等级,即Ck>Ck+1
如果μijk=μxijCk)表示xij属于第k个评价等级Ck的程度,则应满足下式:
式(1)为μ对评价空间U的非负有界性,式(2)为归一性公式,式(3)为μ对评价空间U的可加性,即可加性公式。满足式(1)、(2)和(3)的μ为未确知测度;(μijkm×p为边坡稳定性评价的单指标测度决策矩阵:
根据熵权法的定义,对既定指标的权重,熵值越小,指标离散程度越大,即该指标对边坡稳定性影响越大。熵值越大,指标离散程度越小,该指标对边坡稳定性影响越小。该方法的优点在于不受人为因素干扰,可用于处理不同量纲的多指标数据问题,且结果较为准确。
wj表示测量指标Xj的权重,且0≤wj≤1,。根据各指标的归一化处理结果,综合得到某方案的指标权重向量为:w={w1w2,…,wm}。其中权重wj的计算式为:
式(5)、式(6)确定各指标的权重主要依据各方案实际指标值与未确知测度模型。在计算时,根据文献规定,μijk=0时,lgμijk=0。
如果μijk=μRiCk)的评价样本Ri属于第k个评价程度,可得到多指标测度向量:
式中μk为该样本第k个评价程度的未确知测度。
采用欧氏距离判别法作为属性判别法则,令dk为多指标综合测度uik到分类等级Ck的距离,其表达式为:
则对象的分级等级为:mindk(1≤k≤4)。
在判别边坡稳定性等级后,对边坡稳定性进行排序,若C1>C2>…>Cp,令C1的分值为IiIi>Ii+1,则:
式中为评价对象Ri的未确知重要度。被称为未确知稳定性程度向量,可按照其大小对评价对象的稳定性程度进行排序与计算。
基坑边坡稳定性的影响因素较为复杂,基于国内外相关边坡失稳理论及案例[11-13],确定影响基坑边坡稳定性的关键因素主要有:①地质条件(水文工程地质条件);②工程条件(边坡高度、边坡坡度、基坑深度、排水设施、临近荷载、临近荷载坑边距);③气象条件(日最大降雨量);④人为条件(支护方式、施工方式)。
考虑将上述定性指标进行定量化,定性指标按照安全等级分别赋值为1,2,3和4。根据国内外类似工程评价[11-13],将基坑边坡分为4个等级,分别为稳定C1、较稳定C2、一般稳定C3和不稳定C4,基坑边坡稳定性评判标准如表1所示,定性指标定量标准如表2所示。
未确知测度函数通常包含线性函数、一元二次函数等多种方式,而线性函数应用较为方便、直观。本文采用线型函数构建边坡各因素的未确知测度函数,其中定性指标按照表2进行定量化,从而得到各指标单指标测度函数,如图1所示,对应的4个定性指标单指标测度函数相同。
结合该基坑边坡实际工况及工程地质情况,得到该典型基坑边坡稳定性分析指标汇总,如表3所示。
根据各指标单指标测度函数和表3数据,确定各工况单指标评价矩阵如下:
工况Ⅰ各指标权重为:{w1w2,…,w10}={0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.053 1,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2};对应的多指标综合测度评价向量为:{0.210 4,0.450 4,0.023 6,0.315 6}。
工况Ⅱ各指标权重为:{w1w2,…,w10}={0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.053 1,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2};对应的多指标综合测度评价向量为:{0.105 2,0.450 4,0.023 6,0.420 9}。
工况Ⅲ各指标权重为:{w1w2,…,w10}={0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.053 1,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2};对应的多指标综合测度评价向量为:{0.105 2,0.345 2,0.023 6,0.526 1}。
工况Ⅳ各指标权重为:{w1w2,…,w10}={0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.053 1,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2};对应的多指标综合测度评价向量为:{0.210 4,0.345 2,0.023 6,0.420 9}。
工况Ⅴ各指标权重为:{w1w2,…,w10}={0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.053 1,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2};对应的多指标综合测度评价向量为:{0.105 2,0.345 2,0.023 6,0.526 1}。
工况Ⅵ各指标权重为:{w1w2,…,w10}={0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.053 1,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2,0.105 2};对应的多指标综合测度评价向量为:{0.105 2,0.239 9,0.023 6,0.631 3}。
采用最小未确知测度欧氏距离判别法对上述计算得到的各综合测度评价向量进行排序,可得到各工况下基坑边坡稳定性等级及稳定性程度,如表4所示。由表4可以看出,工况Ⅰ、工况Ⅱ下基坑边坡较稳定,工况Ⅲ、工况Ⅳ、工况Ⅴ和工况Ⅵ下基坑边坡不稳定。对比工况Ⅰ、工况Ⅱ及工况Ⅲ可以发现,强降雨对基坑边坡稳定性的影响较大,特别是排水设施较差时,边坡基坑由较稳定转化为不稳定状态,其稳定性程度大幅下降;出现强降雨情况时,如果现场排水设施较好,基坑边坡稳定性程度虽有所下降,但仍为较稳定状态。对比工况Ⅰ和工况Ⅳ可以发现,无降雨时,如果基坑边坡支护方式差,基坑边坡为不稳定状态,表明支护方式对基坑边坡的稳定性影响较大。出现强降雨且支护方式差(工况Ⅴ)时,基坑边坡为不稳定状态,与工况Ⅳ相比,其稳定性程度进一步下降。出现强降雨且排水设施和支护方式均很差(工况Ⅵ)时,基坑边坡为不稳定状态,其稳定性程度极低。
各工况下基坑边坡稳定性程度排序为:工况Ⅰ>工况Ⅱ>工况Ⅳ>工况Ⅲ=工况Ⅴ>工况Ⅵ,即在降雨量大且排水设施和支护方式均很差时,基坑边坡稳定性极差;无降雨且排水设施和支护方式均好时,基坑边坡稳定性很好。因此,在基坑边坡施工时,应加强对边坡及基坑的支护,并增强周围设施的排水功能,以减少强降雨对基坑边坡稳定性的影响。
图2为基坑边坡位移和降雨量变化曲线图。由图2可知,边坡位移与降雨量、有无支护密切相关。3月8日至4月4日,基坑边坡处于无支护阶段,3月8—12日受连续降雨的影响,边坡位移达到0.77 mm/d;3月21—23日,受强降雨影响,边坡位移超过1 mm/d,对应强降雨且无支护的工况Ⅵ,边坡位移明显,稳定性十分差;4月4日施加锚索支护后,4月14—18日无降雨期间,边坡位移小于0.1 mm/d,对应无降雨、支护较好的工况Ⅰ,边坡位移无明显变化,稳定性较好;4月19—24日降雨期间,边坡位移增大,最大达到0.73 mm/d,对应降雨量大、支护好的工况Ⅲ,边坡稳定性处于工况Ⅰ与工况Ⅵ所对应的稳定性之间。
1)应用未确知测度理论,构建了某基坑边坡未确知测度理论模型,采用熵权法确定各指标权重,采用欧氏距离判别法确定边坡稳定性等级。
2)考虑地质条件、工程条件、气象条件和人为条件4个影响方面,选择水文工程地质条件、边坡高度、边坡坡度、基坑深度、排水设施、临近荷载、临近荷载坑边距、日最大降雨量、支护方式和施工方式为基坑边坡影响因素。
3)各工况基坑稳定性排序为:工况Ⅰ>工况Ⅱ>工况Ⅳ>工况Ⅲ=工况Ⅴ>工况Ⅵ,即强降雨且排水设施和支护方式差时,基坑边坡稳定性极差;无降雨且排水设施和支护方式均好时,基坑边坡稳定性为较稳定。排水设施和支护方式对边坡稳定性的影响显著。对比现场实测数据,采用未确知测度理论和欧氏距离判别法评价的结果与现场实际情况吻合,表明采用未确知测度理论和欧氏距离判别法对基坑边坡进行稳定性评价可靠性较高。
  • 江西省自然科学基金(20224BAB214033)
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2025年第45卷第3期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.009
  • 接收时间:2024-12-26
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2025-06-01
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-26
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江西省自然科学基金(20224BAB214033)
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    1.中铁隧道局集团三处有限公司,广东 深圳 518051
    2.华东交通大学 土木建筑学院,江西 南昌 330013
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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