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Article(id=1241416388657599389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241416382559081210, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.037, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1733155200000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-03, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773906331457, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1748707200000, pubDateStr=2025-06-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773906331457, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773906331457, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773906331457, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241416382559081210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2025', volume='45', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='223', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773906330003, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773908015401, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241423451685179940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241416382559081210, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241423451685179941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241416382559081210, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=218, endPage=223, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241416388967977912, articleId=1241416388657599389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Effect of Finish Rolling Temperature on Texture Evolution of 3104 Aluminum Alloy for Tank Material, columnId=1236276108207902848, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=MATERIALS, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The 3104 aluminum alloy treated by hot tandem mills at different finish rolling temperature (FRT) was taken as the samples in the experiment to investigate the effect of FRT on its microstructure and texture evolution during the subsequent cold rolling and intermediate annealing processes. It is found that as the FRT for the 3104 aluminum alloy sample rises, the hot-rolled sheet presents highly recrystallization level, with increased volume fraction of Cube texture and decreased volume fractions of Brass, S and Copper textures. Furthermore, as FRT rises, the average grain size of the intermediate annealed sheet increases, and also the volume fraction of Cube texture in the cold-rolled sheet before intermediate annealing process increases, which is unfavorable for the formation of a strong Cube texture after annealing. As a result, the volume fraction of Cube texture in the final cold-rolled sheet decreases.

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研究了热终轧温度对3104铝合金“1+3”热连轧坯料及后续冷轧、中间退火过程中组织与织构演变的影响规律。结果表明，随着热终轧温度升高，热轧板再结晶程度增大，热轧板中立方Cube织构体积分数增加，Brass织构、S织构和Copper织构体积分数降低；中间退火板的平均晶粒尺寸随着热终轧温度升高而增大；中间退火前冷轧板中Cube织构体积分数随着热终轧温度升高而增加，不利于在退火后形成强的Cube织构，由此导致成品冷轧板中Cube织构体积分数降低。

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赵千愉（2000—），男，湖南湘潭人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为金属材料织构调控。E-mail：

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2.中南大学　有色金属材料科学与工程教育部重点实验室，湖南　长沙　410083, bio={"content":"

赵千愉（2000—），男，湖南湘潭人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为金属材料织构调控。E-mail：

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赵千愉（2000—），男，湖南湘潭人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为金属材料织构调控。E-mail：

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4.Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lightweight Metals for Means of Transportation, Shanghai 201999, China
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4.上海运输工具轻量化金属材料应用工程技术研究中心，上海　201999
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4.Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lightweight Metals for Means of Transportation, Shanghai 201999, China
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4.上海运输工具轻量化金属材料应用工程技术研究中心，上海　201999
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4.上海运输工具轻量化金属材料应用工程技术研究中心，上海　201999
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Acta Materialia, 2020, 185: 142-148., articleTitle=Subgrain dynamics during recovery of partly recrystallized aluminum, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241422275078050144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416388657599389, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=111, issue=null, pageStart=548, pageEnd=574, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=13, authorNames=HUANG K, LOGƕ R E, journalName=Materials & Design, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUANG K, LOGƕ R E. A review of dynamic recrystallization phenomena in metallic materials[J]. 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（a）HR280；（b）HR300；（c）HR360

, figureFileSmall=IYaBrXORlK6PYI8582kn+w==, figureFileBig=hP4S9B1h9SBe9hEIR4bPgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422269860335784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416388657599389, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=ODFs of hot rolled sheets, figureFileSmall=RQbUyNjPYxzchbHSazUHkQ==, figureFileBig=946A0M8Yz1Wa1SckVoDvBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422269981970608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416388657599389, language=CN, label=图2, caption=热轧板取向分布函数图

（a）HR280；（b）HR300；（c）HR360

, figureFileSmall=RQbUyNjPYxzchbHSazUHkQ==, figureFileBig=946A0M8Yz1Wa1SckVoDvBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422270070051002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416388657599389, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=ODFs of cold-rolled sheets with thickness of 2.1 mm, figureFileSmall=6UzESg9PN54I8ym0fM6uMw==, figureFileBig=pZn5jmFWV5njR0JI9Q9D4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422270208463038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416388657599389, language=CN, label=图3, caption=冷轧至2.1 mm后板材的取向分布函数图

（a）CR280-58；（b）CR300-58；（c）CR360-58

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（a）CR280A；（b）CR300A；（c）CR360A

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（a）CR280A；（b）CR300A；（c）CR360A

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（a）CR280-88；（b）CR300-88；（c）CR360-88

, figureFileSmall=t31NLGV372whrm67ds3ymA==, figureFileBig=yieXVhPooSGNTEYe6bXMwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422271068295413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416388657599389, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Description of samples

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品编号样品状态
HR280热轧板，热终轧温度280 ℃，板厚5 mm
HR300热轧板，热终轧温度300 ℃，板厚5 mm
HR360热轧板，热终轧温度360 ℃，板厚5 mm
CR280-58将HR280冷轧至2.1 mm，冷轧变形量58%
CR300-58将HR300冷轧至2.1 mm，冷轧变形量58%
CR360-58将HR360冷轧至2.1 mm，冷轧变形量58%
CR280A将CR280进行350 ℃×1 h的中间退火，水冷
CR300A将CR300进行350 ℃×1 h的中间退火，水冷
CR360A将CR360进行350 ℃×1 h的中间退火，水冷
CR280A-88将CR280A冷轧至0.25 mm，冷轧变形量88%
CR300A-88将CR300A冷轧至0.25 mm，冷轧变形量88%
CR360A-88将CR360A冷轧至0.25 mm，冷轧变形量88%
), ArticleFig(id=1241422271198318845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416388657599389, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

样品编号及状态

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品编号样品状态
HR280热轧板，热终轧温度280 ℃，板厚5 mm
HR300热轧板，热终轧温度300 ℃，板厚5 mm
HR360热轧板，热终轧温度360 ℃，板厚5 mm
CR280-58将HR280冷轧至2.1 mm，冷轧变形量58%
CR300-58将HR300冷轧至2.1 mm，冷轧变形量58%
CR360-58将HR360冷轧至2.1 mm，冷轧变形量58%
CR280A将CR280进行350 ℃×1 h的中间退火，水冷
CR300A将CR300进行350 ℃×1 h的中间退火，水冷
CR360A将CR360进行350 ℃×1 h的中间退火，水冷
CR280A-88将CR280A冷轧至0.25 mm，冷轧变形量88%
CR300A-88将CR300A冷轧至0.25 mm，冷轧变形量88%
CR360A-88将CR360A冷轧至0.25 mm，冷轧变形量88%
), ArticleFig(id=1241422271441588483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416388657599389, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Volume fraction of main texture in components the sample calculated from macro-ODF

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品编号织构体积分数（%）
CubeBrassSCopperGoss
HR2806.4421.0519.296.793.37
HR3007.0719.8318.425.764.37
HR36012.0116.5412.673.325.70
CR280-586.2721.195.8011.7413.40
CR300-586.5814.597.8510.777.28
CR360-5811.6212.286.168.246.90
CR280A16.216.4402.237.29
CR300A15.179.484.8504.25
CR360A14.5810.692.8204.01
CR280-8811.1019.5911.7410.3511.07
CR300-889.3018.5520.977.4414.60
CR360-887.1018.7414.825.754.60
), ArticleFig(id=1241422271596777736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416388657599389, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

从宏观ODF计算的样品主要织构体积分数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品编号织构体积分数（%）
CubeBrassSCopperGoss
HR2806.4421.0519.296.793.37
HR3007.0719.8318.425.764.37
HR36012.0116.5412.673.325.70
CR280-586.2721.195.8011.7413.40
CR300-586.5814.597.8510.777.28
CR360-5811.6212.286.168.246.90
CR280A16.216.4402.237.29
CR300A15.179.484.8504.25
CR360A14.5810.692.8204.01
CR280-8811.1019.5911.7410.3511.07
CR300-889.3018.5520.977.4414.60
CR360-887.1018.7414.825.754.60
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热终轧温度对罐体材料用3104铝合金织构演变的影响
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赵千愉 1, 2 , 叶凌英 1, 2 , 韦卫昌 1, 2 , 何海铜 3, 4, 5 , 刘晓滕 3, 4, 5 , 曹高辉 3, 4, 5 , 唐建国 1, 2
矿冶工程杂志 | 材料 2025,45(3): 218-223
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矿冶工程杂志 | 材料 2025, 45(3): 218-223
热终轧温度对罐体材料用3104铝合金织构演变的影响
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赵千愉1, 2 , 叶凌英1, 2, 韦卫昌1, 2, 何海铜3, 4, 5, 刘晓滕3, 4, 5, 曹高辉3, 4, 5, 唐建国1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.中南大学　材料科学与工程学院，湖南　长沙　410083
  • 2.中南大学　有色金属材料科学与工程教育部重点实验室，湖南　长沙　410083
  • 3.宝山钢铁股份有限公司中央研究院宝武铝业技术中心，上海　201999
  • 4.上海运输工具轻量化金属材料应用工程技术研究中心，上海　201999
  • 5.宝武铝业科技有限公司，河南　三门峡　472000

    • 赵千愉（2000—），男，湖南湘潭人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为金属材料织构调控。E-mail：

Effect of Finish Rolling Temperature on Texture Evolution of 3104 Aluminum Alloy for Tank Material
Qianyu ZHAO1, 2 , Lingying YE1, 2, Weichang WEI1, 2, Haitong HE3, 4, 5, Xiaoteng LIU3, 4, 5, Gaohui CAO3, 4, 5, Jianguo TANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of Non-ferrous Metals Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
  • 3.Baowu Aluminum Technical Center, Baosteel Central Research Institute, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201999, China
  • 4.Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lightweight Metals for Means of Transportation, Shanghai 201999, China
  • 5.Baowu Aluminum Industry Technology Co., Ltd., Sanmenxia 472000, Henan, China
出版时间: 2025-06-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.037
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摘要
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研究了热终轧温度对3104铝合金“1+3”热连轧坯料及后续冷轧、中间退火过程中组织与织构演变的影响规律。结果表明，随着热终轧温度升高，热轧板再结晶程度增大，热轧板中立方Cube织构体积分数增加，Brass织构、S织构和Copper织构体积分数降低；中间退火板的平均晶粒尺寸随着热终轧温度升高而增大；中间退火前冷轧板中Cube织构体积分数随着热终轧温度升高而增加，不利于在退火后形成强的Cube织构，由此导致成品冷轧板中Cube织构体积分数降低。

3104铝合金  /  织构  /  罐体材料  /  深冲性能  /  热轧  /  终轧温度  /  中间退火

The 3104 aluminum alloy treated by hot tandem mills at different finish rolling temperature (FRT) was taken as the samples in the experiment to investigate the effect of FRT on its microstructure and texture evolution during the subsequent cold rolling and intermediate annealing processes. It is found that as the FRT for the 3104 aluminum alloy sample rises, the hot-rolled sheet presents highly recrystallization level, with increased volume fraction of Cube texture and decreased volume fractions of Brass, S and Copper textures. Furthermore, as FRT rises, the average grain size of the intermediate annealed sheet increases, and also the volume fraction of Cube texture in the cold-rolled sheet before intermediate annealing process increases, which is unfavorable for the formation of a strong Cube texture after annealing. As a result, the volume fraction of Cube texture in the final cold-rolled sheet decreases.

3104 aluminum alloy  /  texture  /  tank material  /  deep drawing process  /  hot rolling  /  finish rolling temperature  /  intermediate annealing
赵千愉, 叶凌英, 韦卫昌, 何海铜, 刘晓滕, 曹高辉, 唐建国. 热终轧温度对罐体材料用3104铝合金织构演变的影响. 矿冶工程杂志, 2025 , 45 (3) : 218 -223 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.037
Qianyu ZHAO, Lingying YE, Weichang WEI, Haitong HE, Xiaoteng LIU, Gaohui CAO, Jianguo TANG. Effect of Finish Rolling Temperature on Texture Evolution of 3104 Aluminum Alloy for Tank Material[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2025 , 45 (3) : 218 -223 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.037
正文
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3104铝合金具备高强度、良好韧性、优异耐腐蚀性和深冲性能等优点，常被用作易拉罐的罐体材料。通常需要3104铝合金具有较强的Cube织构以平衡形变织构，降低板材的各向异性，从而降低深冲制耳率[1]。热轧是铝板生产过程的关键环节，影响后续冷轧和退火过程中组织和织构演变，从而决定最终的成形性能[2-4]。为了降低深冲过程中罐体材料用3104铝合金的制耳率，研究人员开展了大量研究[5-8]，通过热轧、冷轧、中间退火过程调控合金织构。近年来，采用“1+4”（1架热粗轧机+4机架连轧热精轧机）和“1+5”（1架热粗轧机+5机架连轧热精轧机）罐体材料多机架热连轧技术，轧制变形量大，罐体材料可以发生卷取后“自退火”得到Cube织构。然而，热轧机架数量较少的“1+1”（1架热粗轧机+1机架热精轧机）、“1+2”（1架热粗轧机+2机架连轧热精轧机）和“1+3”（1架热粗轧机+3机架连轧热精轧机）技术由于热轧板厚度偏厚，冷轧变形量大，合金深冲制耳率偏高和伸长率偏低，需要增加中间退火来解决该问题。本文针对国内某工厂提供的“1+3”热轧坯料开展热终轧温度对3104铝板后续冷轧及中间退火过程中组织、织构演变规律的影响研究，为3104铝板工业生产中热轧温度控制和冷轧退火工艺制定提供理论依据。
1　实验
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实验样品为国内某工厂提供的3个批次的热终轧温度分别为280、300和360 ℃的热轧坯料（厚度5 mm），在实验室采用工作辊径110 mm的冷轧机将厚5 mm的板材通过2个道次冷轧至2.1 mm，然后将冷轧板材在电阻炉中进行350 ℃保温1 h的中间退火，最后将退火板材采用同样的冷轧机冷轧至0.25 mm。样品编号及状态见表1。
热轧样品的RD（轧制方向）-ND（板面法向）、RD-TD（横向）和TD-ND面经过机械抛光、电解抛光和阳极覆膜处理后，进行金相组织观察。电解抛光液为20 mL高氯酸+180 mL无水乙醇，电压20 V，时间12 s。阳极覆膜溶液为4 mL氟硼酸+200 mL蒸馏水，电压18 V，时间4 min。最后，利用DM2700M RL型金相显微镜进行观察。
从退火板中取测试面RD-ND面的样品进行机械抛光和电解抛光后，采用NordlysMax2电子背散射衍射仪进行EBSD数据采集，在AZtecCrystal软件上进行EBSD数据分析及处理。
对样品RD-TD面进行织构测试，先进行机械抛光，然后用30%氢氧化钠水溶液浸泡5 min去除表面应力层后，清水冲洗，采用4%硝酸溶液除去残留的腐蚀产物，并再次进行清水冲洗。采用具有1/4尤拉环的Bruker D8 Discover X衍射仪测量{111}、{200}和{220}晶面的不完整极图。采用基于邦厄（Bunge）级数展开法（l=22）的软件Texture Evaluation Program计算取向分布函数（ODF）展开系数（C系数）和反算完整极图，以计算出来的C系数为输入参数，采用基于高斯函数拟合方法的Texture Calc软件分析计算织构组分和体积分数[9]。计算得到的织构组分与标准织构组分取向差小于15°的统计结果被视为对应的标准织构组分。
2　实验结果
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2.1　热终轧温度对热轧板组织与织构的影响
经过“1+3”热连轧后不同终轧温度热轧板的三维金相组织如图1所示。由图1可见，热轧后晶粒沿RD方向拉长，呈现纤维状。热连轧终轧温度280 ℃时，几乎未观察到无畸变的再结晶晶粒，表明“1+3”热连轧卷取后未发生明显再结晶。热连轧终轧温度300 ℃时，板材表层和心部出现了细小的再结晶晶粒，表明在热轧卷取后发生了再结晶现象。热连轧终轧温度360 ℃时，再结晶晶粒进一步长大，板材再结晶程度增加。
热轧板样品的取向分布函数（ODF）如图2所示。由图2可见，提高热连轧终轧温度对板材织构类型没有显著影响，主要的织构为Brass织构（35°，45°，0°/90°），但提高热连轧终轧温度降低了织构的取向密度，取向密度最大值从HR280的22.74降至HR300的14.60，再到HR360的12.61。
从宏观ODF计算的样品主要织构体积分数如表2所示。从表2可以看出，提高热连轧终轧温度导致Cube织构（0°，0°，0°）和Goss织构（0°，45°，0°）体积分数增加、S织构（59°，37°，63°）、Brass织构和Copper织构（90°，35°，45°）体积分数下降。
2.2　热终轧温度对中间退火前冷轧织构的影响
热轧板冷轧至2.1 mm后的ODF如图3所示。与热轧板相比，冷轧板的最大取向密度有所下降，CR280-58、CR300-58和CR360-58取向密度最大值分别从22.74、14.60、12.61下降至7.68、7.35、6.70；形变织构取向密度显著高于Cube织构取向密度。
由表2可以看出，冷轧后板中Goss织构和Copper织构体积分数增加，而Cube织构和S织构体积分数下降。此外，提高热终轧温度使得冷轧板材的Copper织构、Goss织构和Brass织构体积分数降低，Cube织构体积分数增加。
2.3　热终轧温度对中间退火板组织与织构的影响
经过350 ℃×1 h中间退火后退火板的IPF map图如图4所示。从图4可以看出，CR280A、CR300A和CR360A由近似等轴的再结晶晶粒组成，表明此时再结晶已完成。尽管最终Cube织构并不强，但从图4可以看出，3个样品中大部分的立方取向晶粒都存在一定的聚集现象，孤立的立方取向晶粒非常少，说明立方取向晶粒在再结晶过程中容易相互接触形成迁移率较低的晶界，不利于Cube织构进一步发展。CR280A的平均晶粒直径为10.3 μm，CR300A的平均晶粒直径为11.1 μm，CR360A的平均晶粒直径为12.7 μm。CR280A的晶粒更细小，可能是较低的热轧温度使其在热轧时没有发生动态再结晶，导致冷轧后总的形变储能较大，经过冷轧和退火后再结晶晶粒更细小。
中间退火板的取向分布函数图（ODF图）如图5所示。从图5可以看出，中间退火板Copper织构和S织构基本消失，仅有少量Brass织构和Goss织构，而Cube织构取向密度增大且大于典型的形变织构取向密度，表明冷轧板的再结晶过程已经完成。随着热连轧终轧温度升高，中间退火板Cube织构的取向密度逐渐降低。综合表2结果，相较于冷轧板，中间退火板的Brass织构、Copper织构、S织构和Goss织构体积分数下降，Cube织构体积分数增加，低的热终轧温度有利于提高中间退火板的立方织构含量。
2.4　热终轧温度对成品冷轧板织构的影响
冷轧至0.25 mm的成品板ODF如图6所示。经历了大变形后，成品板形变织构取向密度相对于退火板有所增强，其中取向密度最大的织构组分由Cube织构转变为Brass织构，CR280-88、CR300-88和CR360-88的Brass织构的取向密度分别为7.48、7.51和8.14。根据表2结果，经过88%变形量的冷轧变形后，Cube织构体积分数下降，Brass织构、S织构、Copper织构和Goss织构体积分数增加。
3　分析和讨论
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在塑性变形过程中，晶粒取向会经历从离散区向零离散区的汇集、然后再转动至稳定聚集区的过程。在晶粒转动过程中，可能会残留一部分未转动的晶粒，当这部分未转动的晶粒连接两个取向不同的聚集区时，就会形成过渡带，从而使离散区取向密度降低，零离散区和聚集区取向密度增强。在轧制变形过程中，Cube取向位于离散区，Brass取向位于聚集区；在再结晶过程中，Cube取向位于聚集区，Brass取向位于离散区[10]。
作为典型的形变织构，Brass织构、Copper织构和S织构在轧制变形过程中具有高位错密度和形变储能。S织构和Copper织构Taylor因子大，形变储能高，随着温度升高，由于动态回复和再结晶，这些织构会变得不稳定，其体积分数会降低。相反，Brass织构形变储能较低，升高温度导致滑移量和滑移速率增加，随机织构更容易转变为Brass织构[11]，因此与冷轧板和退火板相比，热轧板Brass织构取向密度更高。热终轧温度进一步升高时，发生再结晶会导致Cube织构和Goss织构增强，形变织构弱化，导致HR360中Brass织构体积分数和取向密度低于HR300的值，而HR300的值又低于HR280的值。相反，HR360中Goss和Cube织构取向密度和体积分数高于HR300的值，HR300的值又高于HR280的值。
Cube取向是位于离散区域的亚稳态取向。在轧制变形中，Cube取向晶粒受到轧向应力可以开动的滑移系为、、和，这4个滑移系的取向因子相等。因此，当这4个滑移系同时开动时，Cube取向晶粒能保持稳定而不发生转动，冷轧后部分Cube织构能被保留下来。经过58%的冷轧变形后，Cube织构取向密度降低。HR360含有更多的Cube织构，冷轧后保留的Cube织构更多，因此CR360-58中Cube织构体积分数和取向密度高于CR300-58的值，而CR300-58中Cube织构体积分数和取向密度又高于CR280-58的值。
经过中间退火后，CR280A和CR300A中Cube织构取向密度大幅增加，而CR360A的Cube织构取向密度增幅不大。这是因为冷轧后残留的Cube亚结构位错密度低，更容易发展为再结晶晶核；Cube取向再结晶晶核与形变织构S织构、Copper织构和Brass织构之间构成迁移率更高的大角度晶界，导致再结晶晶核长大速度较快，因此，Cube取向再结晶晶粒在形核和长大两方面具有明显优势[12]，在退火过程中，Cube取向晶粒能吞噬其他取向晶粒，导致其他形变织构取向密度降低，Cube织构取向密度增加。因此经过中间退火后获得较强的Cube织构且形变织构明显弱化。相比之下，CR360-58形变织构含量少于CR280-58和CR300-58的形变织构含量，残留的Cube织构含量多，因此在退火过程中Cube取向晶核更容易遇到取向相近的晶粒，从而形成可动性差的小角度晶界，发生取向钉扎而难以长大[13]，因此退火后得到的Cube织构取向密度低。
4　结论
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1）热终轧温度从280 ℃升高至360 ℃，热轧板再结晶程度增大，Brass织构、Copper织构、S织构的体积分数分别从21.05%、6.79%、19.29%降至16.54%、3.32%、12.67%，Cube织构体积分数从6.44%增至12.01%。
2）350 ℃×1 h的中间退火能使板材发生完全再结晶，中间退火板的平均晶粒尺寸随着热终轧温度提高而增大。热终轧温度从280 ℃升高至360 ℃，晶粒平均尺寸从10.3 μm增至12.7 μm。
3）经过中间退火后，热终轧温度280 ℃的板材中Cube织构的体积分数从6.27%增至16.21%，热终轧温度360 ℃的板材中Cube织构体积分数从11.62%增至14.58%，热终轧温度280 ℃的板材中Cube织构体积分数更高。
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参考文献 引证文献
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2025年第45卷第3期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.037
  • 接收时间：2024-12-03
  • 首发时间：2026-03-19
  • 出版时间：2025-06-01
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  • 收稿日期：2024-12-03
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    1.中南大学　材料科学与工程学院，湖南　长沙　410083
    2.中南大学　有色金属材料科学与工程教育部重点实验室，湖南　长沙　410083
    3.宝山钢铁股份有限公司中央研究院宝武铝业技术中心，上海　201999
    4.上海运输工具轻量化金属材料应用工程技术研究中心，上海　201999
    5.宝武铝业科技有限公司，河南　三门峡　472000
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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