Article(id=1241416385411215707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241416382559081210, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.023, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1733155200000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-03, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773906330682, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1748707200000, pubDateStr=2025-06-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773906330682, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773906330682, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773906330682, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241416382559081210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2025', volume='45', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='223', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773906330003, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773908015401, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241423451685179940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241416382559081210, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241423451685179941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241416382559081210, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=136, endPage=141, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241416387902632364, articleId=1241416385411215707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Synthesis of Functionalized Schwertmanite and Its Adsorption Behavior of Arsenic from Leaching Solution of Gold with Copper(Ⅱ)-Ethylenediamine-Thiosulfate, columnId=1236276106727321817, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=METALLURGY, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

As for the leaching solution of gold with copper(II)-ethylenediamine-thiosulfate, an adsorbent (TTAB@Sch) was prepared by modifying schwertmannite (Sch) with tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB), and applied to adsorb arsenic therein. The effects of Cu2+ concentration, ethylenediamine concentration, S2O32- concentration, solution pH and initial arsenic mass concentration on the adsorption of arsenic by TTAB@Sch were explored. The results show that with the addition of FeSO4·7H2O, KMnO4 and TTAB at amounts of 10, 1 and 2 g/L respectively, the prepared TTAB@Sch exhibits optimal adsorption behavior. As for the leaching solution with Cu2+ concentration of 5 mmol/L, ethylenediamine concentration of 12.5 mmol/L, initial arsenic mass concentration of 12.29 mg/L, and pH of 10, the adsorption rate of arsenic therein by TTAB@Sch can reach 87.2%. Furthermore, FT-IR and XPS analyses indicated that arsenic was likely adsorbed on TTAB@Sch by forming Fe—O—As.

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以十四烷基三甲基溴化铵(TTAB)改性施氏矿物(Sch)制备吸附剂TTAB@Sch,应用该吸附剂从铜(Ⅱ)-乙二胺-硫代硫酸盐浸金液中吸附砷,研究了Cu2+浓度、乙二胺浓度、S2O32-浓度、溶液pH值、初始砷质量浓度对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响。结果表明,FeSO4·7H2O、KMnO4、TTAB用量分别为10、1、2 g/L时,所制备的吸附剂TTAB@Sch具有较佳的吸附性能;铜(Ⅱ)-乙二胺-硫代硫酸盐浸金液中Cu2+浓度5 mmol/L、乙二胺浓度12.5 mmol/L、初始砷质量浓度12.29 mg/L、pH=10时,TTAB@Sch对浸金液中砷的吸附率达87.2%。FT-IR和XPS分析结果表明砷可能通过Fe—O—As的形式吸附在TTAB@Sch上。

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字富庭(1978—),男,云南临沧人,博士,教授,主要研究方向为化学分离与富集。E-mail:
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李娇(2000—),女,云南宣威人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为化学分离与富集。E-mail:

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李娇(2000—),女,云南宣威人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为化学分离与富集。E-mail:

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李娇(2000—),女,云南宣威人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为化学分离与富集。E-mail:

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figureFileSmall=q9ClvxgFCd9bKiR0R1gkrw==, figureFileBig=ysFKTjZzV5N8AnJHfNoaUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422269587706006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=CN, label=图2, caption=FeSO4·7H2O用量对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响, figureFileSmall=q9ClvxgFCd9bKiR0R1gkrw==, figureFileBig=ysFKTjZzV5N8AnJHfNoaUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422269797421221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effect of KMnO4 dosage on arsenic adsorption by TTAB@Sch, figureFileSmall=RRgjGKCrMcADz5GoKo3g1A==, figureFileBig=2X2P6CL8vDqMQJVlnn8XeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422269940027568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=CN, label=图3, caption=KMnO4用量对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响, figureFileSmall=RRgjGKCrMcADz5GoKo3g1A==, figureFileBig=2X2P6CL8vDqMQJVlnn8XeQ==, tableContent=null), 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label=Fig.7, caption=Effect of Cu2+ concentration on arsenic adsorption by TTAB@Sch, figureFileSmall=C9527ShtKLsSGgXwYibTkA==, figureFileBig=Ki6fN3YaaPEKlyigg/yelg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422270875357424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=CN, label=图7, caption=Cu2+浓度对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响, figureFileSmall=C9527ShtKLsSGgXwYibTkA==, figureFileBig=Ki6fN3YaaPEKlyigg/yelg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422271068295415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Effect of ethylenediamine concentration on arsenic adsorption by TTAB@Sch, figureFileSmall=68vSCGkwSk+LtNt42w3phQ==, figureFileBig=utOFwV58qBU3tysOFOXkvA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422271198318843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=CN, label=图8, caption=乙二胺浓度对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响, figureFileSmall=68vSCGkwSk+LtNt42w3phQ==, figureFileBig=utOFwV58qBU3tysOFOXkvA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422271445782786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Effect of S2O32- concentration on arsenic adsorption by TTAB@Sch, figureFileSmall=5cPf23M1/jKaZzqXaQ+XbQ==, figureFileBig=QQ++IihtwRYH1VEupZwCSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422271588389126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=CN, label=图9, caption=S2O32-浓度对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响, figureFileSmall=5cPf23M1/jKaZzqXaQ+XbQ==, figureFileBig=QQ++IihtwRYH1VEupZwCSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422271827464461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Effect of solution pH on arsenic adsorption by TTAB@Sch, figureFileSmall=rsNYRgTt49bcYyiGfpld4A==, figureFileBig=T/uYZtkHSKbz7DfTp7d8SQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422271965876503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=CN, label=图10, caption=溶液pH值对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响, figureFileSmall=rsNYRgTt49bcYyiGfpld4A==, figureFileBig=T/uYZtkHSKbz7DfTp7d8SQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422273547129119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Effect of initial arsenic concentration on arsenic adsorption by TTAB@Sch, figureFileSmall=kbiDIAmMP6YutNB8xc2cog==, figureFileBig=+76QQL949rPHiGdsorW9vA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422273660375331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=CN, label=图11, caption=初始砷质量浓度对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响, figureFileSmall=kbiDIAmMP6YutNB8xc2cog==, figureFileBig=+76QQL949rPHiGdsorW9vA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422273765232935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Infrared spectral analysis before and after arsenic adsorption by TTAB@Sch, figureFileSmall=fiQD9eV/s72kCHPeR6x7ig==, figureFileBig=MYYNHnccda7QRxNRI6eCvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422273886867760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=CN, label=图12, caption=TTAB@Sch吸附砷前后的红外光谱图, figureFileSmall=fiQD9eV/s72kCHPeR6x7ig==, figureFileBig=MYYNHnccda7QRxNRI6eCvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422274000113977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=XPS analysis and As3d spectral analysis of arsenic adsorption by TTAB@Sch, figureFileSmall=b1fXIbjNC7grbhp/9ElFBQ==, figureFileBig=osMof80Hs4VOuQ9ZVxgRdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241422274084000062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241416385411215707, language=CN, label=图13, caption=TTAB@Sch吸附砷的XPS全谱及As3d光谱分析

(a)全谱图;(b)As3d分谱图

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功能化施氏矿物的合成及其对铜(Ⅱ)-乙二胺-硫代硫酸盐浸金液中砷吸附性能的研究
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李娇 1 , 杨仁聪 1 , 张弛 1 , 李鑫容 2 , 字富庭 1
矿冶工程杂志 | 冶金 2025,45(3): 136-141
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矿冶工程杂志 | 冶金 2025, 45(3): 136-141
功能化施氏矿物的合成及其对铜(Ⅱ)-乙二胺-硫代硫酸盐浸金液中砷吸附性能的研究
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李娇1 , 杨仁聪1, 张弛1, 李鑫容2, 字富庭1
作者信息
  • 1.昆明理工大学 理学院,云南 昆明 650500
  • 2.昆明理工大学 国土资源工程学院,云南 昆明 650093
  • 李娇(2000—),女,云南宣威人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为化学分离与富集。E-mail:

通讯作者:

字富庭(1978—),男,云南临沧人,博士,教授,主要研究方向为化学分离与富集。E-mail:
Synthesis of Functionalized Schwertmanite and Its Adsorption Behavior of Arsenic from Leaching Solution of Gold with Copper(Ⅱ)-Ethylenediamine-Thiosulfate
Jiao LI1 , Rencong YANG1, Chi ZHANG1, Xinrong LI2, Futing ZI1
Affiliations
  • 1.Faculty of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
  • 2.Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
出版时间: 2025-06-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.023
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以十四烷基三甲基溴化铵(TTAB)改性施氏矿物(Sch)制备吸附剂TTAB@Sch,应用该吸附剂从铜(Ⅱ)-乙二胺-硫代硫酸盐浸金液中吸附砷,研究了Cu2+浓度、乙二胺浓度、S2O32-浓度、溶液pH值、初始砷质量浓度对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响。结果表明,FeSO4·7H2O、KMnO4、TTAB用量分别为10、1、2 g/L时,所制备的吸附剂TTAB@Sch具有较佳的吸附性能;铜(Ⅱ)-乙二胺-硫代硫酸盐浸金液中Cu2+浓度5 mmol/L、乙二胺浓度12.5 mmol/L、初始砷质量浓度12.29 mg/L、pH=10时,TTAB@Sch对浸金液中砷的吸附率达87.2%。FT-IR和XPS分析结果表明砷可能通过Fe—O—As的形式吸附在TTAB@Sch上。

施氏矿物  /  吸附  /  硫代硫酸盐  /  浸金  /  砷

As for the leaching solution of gold with copper(II)-ethylenediamine-thiosulfate, an adsorbent (TTAB@Sch) was prepared by modifying schwertmannite (Sch) with tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB), and applied to adsorb arsenic therein. The effects of Cu2+ concentration, ethylenediamine concentration, S2O32- concentration, solution pH and initial arsenic mass concentration on the adsorption of arsenic by TTAB@Sch were explored. The results show that with the addition of FeSO4·7H2O, KMnO4 and TTAB at amounts of 10, 1 and 2 g/L respectively, the prepared TTAB@Sch exhibits optimal adsorption behavior. As for the leaching solution with Cu2+ concentration of 5 mmol/L, ethylenediamine concentration of 12.5 mmol/L, initial arsenic mass concentration of 12.29 mg/L, and pH of 10, the adsorption rate of arsenic therein by TTAB@Sch can reach 87.2%. Furthermore, FT-IR and XPS analyses indicated that arsenic was likely adsorbed on TTAB@Sch by forming Fe—O—As.

schwertmannite  /  adsorption  /  thiosulfate  /  gold leaching  /  arsenic
李娇, 杨仁聪, 张弛, 李鑫容, 字富庭. 功能化施氏矿物的合成及其对铜(Ⅱ)-乙二胺-硫代硫酸盐浸金液中砷吸附性能的研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2025 , 45 (3) : 136 -141 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.023
Jiao LI, Rencong YANG, Chi ZHANG, Xinrong LI, Futing ZI. Synthesis of Functionalized Schwertmanite and Its Adsorption Behavior of Arsenic from Leaching Solution of Gold with Copper(Ⅱ)-Ethylenediamine-Thiosulfate[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2025 , 45 (3) : 136 -141 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.023
铜(Ⅱ)-乙二胺-硫代硫酸盐浸金技术因浸金速率快、试剂成本低、环境友好的优点而备受关注,适合处理砷黄铁矿和黄铁矿等复杂金矿。含金砷黄铁矿是一种含砷硫化物的伴生难处理金矿[1],其浸出液中的砷不仅会影响金属的提取,还会给环境和生物体带来威胁[2]。现有的砷处理技术主要包括吸附法[3]、膜分离法[4]、生物法[5]、氧化法[6]、沉淀法[7]等。这些方法中,吸附法具有操作简单、成本低、吸附容量高、吸附剂可循环利用等优点,是一种较为理想的砷处理技术。
施氏矿物(Sch)是一种高铁硫酸盐矿物,因其独特的结构而具有较大的表面积和较高的吸附能力[8]。施氏矿物可在弱碱性条件下保持较高的砷吸附率,通过SO42-和—OH的离子交换以及和Fe的配位作用实现吸附[9],可有效去除砷。本文利用十四烷基三甲基溴化铵(TTAB)改性施氏矿物得到TTAB@Sch吸附材料,用于硫代硫酸盐浸金溶液中砷的吸附,研究了Cu2+浓度、乙二胺浓度、S2O32-浓度、溶液pH值、初始砷质量浓度对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响,最后通过XPS表征和FT-IR表征对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的机理进行探究。
实验试剂包括盐酸、硫酸、硫代硫酸钠(Na2S2O3·5H2O)、五水硫酸铜、30%过氧化氢、乙二胺、硫酸亚铁(FeSO4·7H2O)、钼酸铵、高锰酸钾、十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵(TTAB)、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、十八烷基三甲基溴化铵(OTAB)、L-抗坏血酸,均为分析纯。
1)含砷溶液配制:称取5 g烘干后的砷黄铁矿,加入800 mL去离子水,用氢氧化钠调节溶液pH=10,机械搅拌48 h,过滤后将滤液静置。
2)硫代硫酸钠含砷溶液配制:根据实验需要,计算所需硫代硫酸钠的质量,将其溶解在去离子水中,然后转移至容量瓶中,再加入一定量的含砷溶液,定容摇匀。
按10 g/L向250 mL去离子水中加入FeSO4·7H2O,待其完全溶解后,再向盛有FeSO4溶液的锥形瓶中缓慢加入质量浓度1 g/L的KMnO4溶液,最后加入2 g/L十四烷基三甲基溴化铵溶液,混合摇匀,在30 ℃下搅拌12 h。将上述过程得到的物质抽滤,用无水乙醇反复清洗,置于烘箱中60 ℃烘12 h,即得到目标产物TTAB@Sch。
根据实验需要,称取适量五水硫酸铜置于烧杯中,加入一定量去离子水溶解,然后加入一定量的乙二胺溶液(质量分数为99%)中,再加入适量硫代硫酸钠含砷溶液,最后调节混合溶液pH值至10,称取0.02 g用0.105 mm筛子筛分后的TTAB@Sch,加入装有100 mL铜(Ⅱ)-乙二胺-硫代硫酸盐含砷溶液中,在室温下搅拌4 h。
采用分光光度法测定吸附前后溶液中的砷,计算吸附剂对砷的吸附率及吸附剂吸附量:
式中:η为吸附率,%;Qe为吸附量,mg/g;C0Ce分别为吸附前后溶液砷的质量浓度,mg/L;V为含砷溶液的体积,mL;m为吸附剂的质量,g。
单一施氏矿物对砷的吸附率一般,可通过改性方法来提高施氏矿物的吸附率。表面活性剂是一种两亲物质,可以改变施氏矿物表面化学性质,增加孔隙结构,提升吸附率。不同改性剂改性后施氏矿物对的砷吸附率见图1。从图1看出,单一施氏矿物对砷的吸附率较低,改性后的施氏矿物对砷的吸附率均大幅提升,吸附率高低顺序如下:TTAB@Sch>CTAB@Sch>DTAB@Sch>OTAB@Sch,TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附率最高。当改性剂的碳链长度大于C14时,吸附率降低,可能原因是碳链越长,空间位阻越大,不利于季铵基团对砷酸根离子(亚砷酸根离子)的静电吸引,导致吸附率降低。
通过单因素实验探究了FeSO4·7H2O用量、KMnO4用量、改性剂用量、改性温度、改性时间等合成条件对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响,以此优化材料合成条件。其中,TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附条件为:溶液体积200 mL,砷初始质量浓度16 mg/L、pH=10。
FeSO4·7H2O是施氏矿物中铁的来源,其用量对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的效果有直接影响。KMnO4、TTAB用量分别为2、10 g/L,反应温度30 ℃,搅拌速度300 r/min,反应时间12 h,加入不同量的FeSO4·7H2O,制备得到不同含铁量的TTAB@Sch吸附材料,其对吸附砷的影响见图2。由图2可知,FeSO4·7H2O用量0~10 g/L范围内时,TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附率逐渐增加,在这一区间内,Fe2+逐渐被氧化形成施氏矿物,TTAB@Sch的吸附性能提高;此后随着FeSO4·7H2O用量增加,吸附率呈现微降趋势,原因可能是过量的Fe2+覆盖在施氏矿物表面掩盖了砷的吸附位点或者过量Fe2+的存在导致部分施氏矿物向针铁矿转化[10],降低了吸附率。后续实验固定FeSO4·7H2O用量为10 g/L。
KMnO4是将Fe2+氧化成Fe3+的氧化剂,其用量决定能否合成施氏矿物。FeSO4·7H2O用量10 g/L,其他条件不变,KMnO4用量对合成的TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响如图3所示。从图3可以看出,随着KMnO4用量增加,TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附率呈现先增加后减小的趋势,KMnO4用量0~1 g/L时,吸附率逐渐增加,原因可能是施氏矿物随着Fe2+的氧化逐渐形成,具备更好的砷吸附性能;KMnO4用量1~5 g/L时,TTAB@Sch对砷吸附效果逐渐变差,原因可能是过量K+的存在导致施氏矿物向黄钾铁钒转化[11],同时KMnO4的还原产物MnO4-与砷形成竞争吸附,占据部分吸附位点,导致吸附率降低。后续实验控制KMnO4用量为1 g/L。
KMnO4用量1 g/L,其他条件不变,改性剂TTAB用量对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响如图4所示。由图4可知,改变TTAB用量,吸附率基本在97%上下波动,原因可能是TTAB作为一种表面活性剂,主要作用是改变吸附剂表面化学性质,并通过季铵盐离子的静电吸引作用达到吸附效果,其用量对吸附率的影响并不大,考虑到成本问题,后续采用2 g/L的TTAB进行实验。
TTAB用量2 g/L,其他条件不变,改性温度对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响如图5所示。从图5可以看出,随着改性温度升高,TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附率逐渐降低,这可能是在高温条件下施氏矿物会部分转化成针铁矿导致的[10],且高温会使表面活性剂失活,从而进一步导致吸附率大幅度降低。因此,选择改性温度为30 ℃。
改性温度30 ℃,其他条件不变,改性时间对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响如图6所示。从图6可以看出,改性时间3 h获得的TTAB@Sch对砷具有较好的吸附性能;再延长改性时间,TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附率总体呈下降趋势。因此,选择改性时间为3 h。
pH=10、溶液砷质量浓度12.29 mg/L、乙二胺浓度10.0 mmol/L、S2O32-浓度0.1 mol/L,吸附剂投加量0.2 g/L,在室温下以300 r/min搅拌4 h,探究Cu2+浓度对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响,结果如图7所示。从图7可以看出,随着Cu2+浓度增加,TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附率先增加后减小,在Cu2+浓度5.0 mmol/L时,吸附率较高。原因可能是Cu2+浓度2.5~5.0 mmol/L时,Cu2+能够稳定存在于浸金体系中;Cu2+浓度大于5.0 mmol/L时,浸金液中乙二胺不能保证Cu2+以Cu(en)22+的形式稳定存在,过量的Cu2+在碱性浸金液中会转化成Cu(OH)2沉淀,堵塞吸附剂的孔径或占据吸附剂表面吸附位点,从而使吸附剂的砷吸附性能降低。选择Cu2+浓度为5.0 mmol/L。
Cu2+浓度5.0 mmol/L,其他条件不变,乙二胺浓度对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响如图8所示。从图8看出,随着乙二胺浓度增加,TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附率先增加后减少,乙二胺浓度5.0~12.5 mmol/L时,能够稳定溶液中大量的Cu2+,减少了Cu2+与TTAB@Sch表面—OH的络合,吸附率逐渐升高;乙二胺浓度大于12.5 mmol/L时,溶液碱性增强,吸附剂表面电荷由正电荷变为负电荷[12],与溶液中的砷酸根负离子相斥,吸附率降低。选择乙二胺浓度为12.5 mmol/L。
乙二胺浓度12.5 mmol/L,其他条件不变,S2O32-浓度对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响如图9所示。从图9看出,在实验范围内,TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附几乎不受S2O32-浓度的影响,不同S2O32-浓度下的吸附率均达到84%以上。选择S2O32-浓度为0.10 mol/L。
S2O32-浓度0.1 mol/L,其他条件不变,溶液pH值对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响如图10所示。从图10看出,随着溶液pH值升高,TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附率逐渐降低。pH=7时吸附剂表面以正电荷为主[12],与溶液中的砷酸根负离子通过静电吸引进行吸附;但随着溶液pH值升高,吸附剂表面以负电荷为主[12],与溶液中的砷酸根负离子产生电荷排斥,且在较高的pH值条件下,溶液中的OH-会与砷酸根离子竞争吸附位点,吸附率降低。考虑到实际浸金溶液pH值一般在10左右,故选择pH值为10。
溶液pH=10,其他条件不变,溶液初始砷质量浓度对TTAB@Sch吸附砷的影响如图11所示。从图11看出,随着初始砷质量浓度增加,TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附率逐渐降低,这是因为投入的TTAB@Sch量是固定的,其表面吸附位点有限。当初始砷质量浓度为12.29 mg/L时,吸附率为87.2%,此时吸附已达到平衡;再提高初始砷质量浓度,吸附剂无法再吸附溶液中其余砷,因此吸附率逐渐下降。
图12为TTAB@Sch吸附砷前后的红外光谱图,对比吸附前后的光谱图可知,3 328、3 375 cm-1处的宽强峰是O—H的伸缩振动峰;位于1 631、1 623 cm-1处的吸收峰可以归于H—O—H;1 129、1 118、1 084、1 073 cm-1处的特征峰是SO42-的三重简并不对称吸收峰;982、972 cm-1处的是SO42-的分子内对称伸缩峰;608、614 cm-1处的是施氏矿物隧道内部SO42-的振动峰[12];700、702 cm-1处的是Fe—O键的吸收峰[12]。值得注意的是,吸附后的红外光谱图在831 cm-1处出现Fe—O—As的特征峰,表明浸出液中的砷可能是通过Fe—O—As的形式被吸附到TTAB@Sch表面。
为了进一步分析TTAB@Sch吸附砷的机理,对吸附前后的材料进行XPS表征,结果如图13所示。TTAB@Sch-As的XPS光谱图中出现As3d轨道的峰,说明砷已经被吸附在TTAB@Sch上,在45.24 eV处出现归属于As—O键的特征峰。结合FT-IR分析可以推测,TTAB@Sch吸附砷的机理可能是砷与Fe—O基团的键合。
1)在200 mL的去离子水中依次加入10 g/L FeSO4·7H2O、1 g/L KMnO4、2 g/L TTAB,30 ℃下搅拌3 h可以得到适用于从铜(Ⅱ)-乙二胺-硫代硫酸盐浸金液中吸附砷的功能化施氏矿物吸附剂(TTAB@Sch)。
2)在初始砷质量浓度为12.29 mg/L的铜(Ⅱ)-乙二胺-硫代硫酸盐体系中,当Cu2+浓度5.0 mmol/L、乙二胺浓度12.5 mmol/L、S2O32-浓度0.1 mol/L、溶液pH=10时,TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附率为87.2%,且实验范围内S2O32-浓度不影响TTAB@Sch对砷的吸附率。
3)FT-IR分析和XPS分析结果表明,铜(Ⅱ)-乙二胺-硫代硫酸盐体系中的砷通过与TTAB@Sch表面的Fe—O基团键合达到吸附的目的。
  • 国家自然科学基金(52264031)
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2025年第45卷第3期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.03.023
  • 接收时间:2024-12-03
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2025-06-01
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-03
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国家自然科学基金(52264031)
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    1.昆明理工大学 理学院,云南 昆明 650500
    2.昆明理工大学 国土资源工程学院,云南 昆明 650093

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字富庭(1978—),男,云南临沧人,博士,教授,主要研究方向为化学分离与富集。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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