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Article(id=1241321986639589803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241321979433767757, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.02.016, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1701360000000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773883824262, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1711900800000, pubDateStr=2024-04-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773883824262, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773883824262, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773883824262, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241321979433767757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2024', volume='44', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='191', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773883822544, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773884556149, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241325056454881881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241321979433767757, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241325056454881882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241321979433767757, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=63, endPage=65, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241321986908025273, articleId=1241321986639589803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Experimental Study on Flotation and Purification of a Phosphogypsum in Hubei Province, columnId=1236276106932842717, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=MINERAL PROCESSING, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Based on the process mineralogy study, an experiment was performed on flotation of a phosphogypsum from Hubei Province for its purification. The experiment was run in stronger acid solution with T-609 as the collector, by adopting a process consisting of one roughing, one scavenging, and two cleaning, resulting in the final cleaning concentrate with the content of calcium sulfate dihydrate over 99%, with a whiteness of 75% at 200 ℃. It is shown that this processing flow is characterized by simplicity, high separation rate of phosphogypsum, less addition of agent. The obtained product, with low content of impurities, is up to the special grade in the national standard for gypsum, and can be used for preparation of high-end building materials and gypsum whiskers.

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在工艺矿物学研究基础上，对湖北某磷石膏进行了浮选提纯试验研究。结果表明，强酸性条件下，以T-609为捕收剂，采用一粗一扫两精浮选工艺，最终精矿产品中二水硫酸钙品位达到99%以上，200 ℃白度可达到75%，该工艺流程简单、磷石膏分选效率高、药剂用量少，所得产品杂质含量低，达到了国家石膏特级标准，可用来制备高端建材产品和石膏晶须。

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张革利（1969—），男，河北唐山人，工程师，主要从事化工矿物与加工、磷复肥生产经营与管理工作。E-mail：

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张革利（1969—），男，河北唐山人，工程师，主要从事化工矿物与加工、磷复肥生产经营与管理工作。E-mail：

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张革利（1969—），男，河北唐山人，工程师，主要从事化工矿物与加工、磷复肥生产经营与管理工作。E-mail：

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CaOSO3SiO2P2O5Al2O3Fe2O3MgO可溶P2O5可溶F
28.0739.517.920.640.650.150.080.260.14
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原矿化学多元素分析结果（质量分数）

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CaOSO3SiO2P2O5Al2O3Fe2O3MgO可溶P2O5可溶F
28.0739.517.920.640.650.150.080.260.14
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粒度/mm产率/%SiO2品位/%SiO2分布率/%
+0.1473.1410.744.26
0.074～0.14726.329.3330.99
0.048～0.0747.159.498.57
0.037～0.04825.467.2023.25
-0.03737.936.8832.93
合计100.007.92100.00
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磷石膏筛分分析结果

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粒度/mm产率/%SiO2品位/%SiO2分布率/%
+0.1473.1410.744.26
0.074～0.14726.329.3330.99
0.048～0.0747.159.498.57
0.037～0.04825.467.2023.25
-0.03737.936.8832.93
合计100.007.92100.00
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产品名称产率/%品位/%CaSO4·2H2O回收率/%
SiO2CaSO4·2H2O
精矿91.121.1398.4997.67
尾矿15.4174.179.421.30
尾矿23.4760.2710.121.03
原矿100.007.9284.80100.00
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一粗一精一扫浮选试验结果

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产品名称产率/%品位/%CaSO4·2H2O回收率/%
SiO2CaSO4·2H2O
精矿91.121.1398.4997.67
尾矿15.4174.179.421.30
尾矿23.4760.2710.121.03
原矿100.007.9284.80100.00
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产品名称产率/%品位/%CaSO4·2H2O回收率/%
SiO2CaSO4·2H2O
精矿88.950.3599.4096.22
尾矿15.3874.178.421.44
尾矿22.2860.2710.240.96
尾矿33.3950.3411.301.38
原矿100.007.9284.80100.00
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一粗两精一扫浮选试验结果

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产品名称产率/%品位/%CaSO4·2H2O回收率/%
SiO2CaSO4·2H2O
精矿88.950.3599.4096.22
尾矿15.3874.178.421.44
尾矿22.2860.2710.240.96
尾矿33.3950.3411.301.38
原矿100.007.9284.80100.00
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SiO2Al2O3Fe2O3CaOK2OTiO2P2O5SO3烧失量
0.350.320.1133.090.0760.0490.5242.7821.86
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精矿化学多元素分析结果（质量分数）

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SiO2Al2O3Fe2O3CaOK2OTiO2P2O5SO3烧失量
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湖北某磷石膏浮选提纯试验研究
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张革利 1 , 葛英勇 2 , 陆泽通 3 , 姜振胜 1
矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2024,44(2): 63-65
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矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2024, 44(2): 63-65
湖北某磷石膏浮选提纯试验研究
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张革利1 , 葛英勇2, 陆泽通3, 姜振胜1
作者信息
  • 1.湖北大峪口化工有限责任公司，湖北　钟祥　431910
  • 2.武汉理工大学　资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430070
  • 3.武汉工程大学　资源与安全工程学院，湖北　武汉　430205

    • 张革利（1969—），男，河北唐山人，工程师，主要从事化工矿物与加工、磷复肥生产经营与管理工作。E-mail：

Experimental Study on Flotation and Purification of a Phosphogypsum in Hubei Province
Geli ZHANG1 , Yingyong GE2, Zetong LU3, Zhensheng JIANG1
Affiliations
  • 1.Hubei Dayukou Chemical Co Ltd, Zhongxiang 431910, Hubei, China
  • 2.School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
  • 3.School of Resource & Safety Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, Hubei, China
出版时间: 2024-04-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.02.016
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摘要
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在工艺矿物学研究基础上，对湖北某磷石膏进行了浮选提纯试验研究。结果表明，强酸性条件下，以T-609为捕收剂，采用一粗一扫两精浮选工艺，最终精矿产品中二水硫酸钙品位达到99%以上，200 ℃白度可达到75%，该工艺流程简单、磷石膏分选效率高、药剂用量少，所得产品杂质含量低，达到了国家石膏特级标准，可用来制备高端建材产品和石膏晶须。

高硅磷石膏  /  浮选  /  提纯  /  除杂

Based on the process mineralogy study, an experiment was performed on flotation of a phosphogypsum from Hubei Province for its purification. The experiment was run in stronger acid solution with T-609 as the collector, by adopting a process consisting of one roughing, one scavenging, and two cleaning, resulting in the final cleaning concentrate with the content of calcium sulfate dihydrate over 99%, with a whiteness of 75% at 200 ℃. It is shown that this processing flow is characterized by simplicity, high separation rate of phosphogypsum, less addition of agent. The obtained product, with low content of impurities, is up to the special grade in the national standard for gypsum, and can be used for preparation of high-end building materials and gypsum whiskers.

high-silica phosphogypsum  /  flotation  /  purification  /  impurity removal
张革利, 葛英勇, 陆泽通, 姜振胜. 湖北某磷石膏浮选提纯试验研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2024 , 44 (2) : 63 -65 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.02.016
Geli ZHANG, Yingyong GE, Zetong LU, Zhensheng JIANG. Experimental Study on Flotation and Purification of a Phosphogypsum in Hubei Province[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2024 , 44 (2) : 63 -65 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.02.016
正文
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目前我国磷石膏堆存量已超过8.3亿吨，每年新增约8 000万吨，主要集中在长江经济带[1-2]。磷石膏的大量堆放不仅占用土地，还会造成十分严重的环境污染问题，危及长江生态安全。湖北作为全国磷化工和磷复肥产业的重要产区，高度重视磷石膏的综合利用，在全国率先出台《湖北省磷石膏污染防治条例》，将磷石膏污染防治纳入县级以上人民政府的国民经济和社会发展规划。
磷石膏中还含有未分解的磷矿、未洗涤干净的磷酸、氟化钙、铁矿物、铝化合物、酸不溶物、有机质以及放射性物质等多种杂质[3]，影响其后续附加产品石膏制品的性能以及在农业[4]、建材[5]、化工[6]等领域的使用。因此需预先对磷石膏进行提纯。目前对磷石膏提纯的方法主要有水洗法[7]、浮选法[3]、热分解法[8]、分级法[9]、中和法[10]等，其中浮选法可高效脱除SiO2、水溶性杂质（P2O5和F），同时还可以提高石膏白度，有利于推进磷石膏的资源化利用，提高现有磷石膏的综合利用率，达到节能减排的目的。本文对湖北某磷石膏进行浮选提纯试验研究，可为同类型磷石膏的资源化利用提供技术支持。
1　原矿性质
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试验所用磷石膏样品取自湖北某磷化企业，采用X射线荧光光谱仪进行化学元素分析，结果如表1所示。由表1可知，样品中CaO含量28.07%、SO3含量39.51%，可推算出样品中CaSO4·2H2O含量约84.80%；杂质SiO2含量7.92%，可溶P2O5（0.26%）和可溶F（0.14%）含量均不符合国家标准，其他铁、铝等杂质也可通过浮选脱除。
对原矿进行了MLA检测，结果表明，磷石膏中有用矿物主要为石膏，脉石矿物主要为石英、白云母，还含有少量针铁矿、白云石和磷灰石。磷石膏单体多发育成板状，亦有长柱状；其集合体多呈雪花状或纤维状：细晶粒状块状集合体称为雪花石膏，纤维状集合体称为纤维石膏。该磷石膏成分单一，主要以石英和石膏为主，共生关系相对单纯，连生颗粒主要以分离石膏和石英为主，样品中石英颗粒和石膏颗粒整体解离度较好。
对原矿进行了筛分分析，结果如表2所示。可以看出，SiO2在各粒级中均有分布，各粒级中SiO2品位变化不大。
2　试验方法
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试验所用阳离子捕收剂（GE-601、T-609）为武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院自主研发的药剂，均配制成质量浓度1%溶液使用。试验所用硫酸和氧化钙均为分析纯试剂，均配制成质量浓度10%溶液使用。
试验设备包括顶击式振筛机、XFD单槽式浮选机（0.5 L、0.75 L、1.0 L）、多用真空过滤机、电热恒温鼓风干燥箱、PHS-3C雷磁pH计、S4Poineer X荧光光谱仪、CS-830GY石膏相组分析仪和YQ-Z-48A白度仪等。
使用阳离子捕收剂浮选脱除磷石膏中的硅质脉石矿物，试验原则流程如图1所示。参考GB/T 23456— 2018《磷石膏》[11]测定磷石膏原料及各产品中SiO2及CaSO4·2H2O含量。
3　结果与分析
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3.1　调整剂用量试验
使用硫酸为pH值调整剂，阳离子捕收剂GE-601用量150 g/t，硫酸用量对浮选脱硅的影响如图2所示。
由图2可知，硫酸用量2 kg/t时，磷石膏品位有明显提升，品位可达到97.43%，达到磷石膏国家标准一级要求，此时矿浆pH值为2.0。
3.2　捕收剂种类试验
在pH=2.0（硫酸用量2 kg/t）条件下进行了阳离子捕收剂GE-601和T-609对比试验研究，GE-601用量200 g/t，T-609用量130 g/t，试验结果如图3所示。
由图3可知，使用T-609一次粗选后可将磷石膏品位提升至97.57%、回收率可达78.53%，浮选提纯效果明显，但尾矿中石膏含量偏高。使用T-609为捕收剂进行后续试验。
3.3　工艺流程优化试验
为进一步提高磷石膏品位，得到更纯的精制磷石膏，在一次粗选流程基础上又进行了多次精选和一次扫选，试验流程分别如图4～5所示，对应的结果分别见表3和表4。
采用“一粗两精一扫”浮选，获得了产率88.95%、CaSO4·2H2O品位99.40%、杂质SiO2含量0.35%、CaSO4·2H2O回收率96.22%的磷石膏精矿，SiO2去除率达95.58%；磷石膏在200 ℃烘箱中放置2 h，用白度计测得其白度为75%。通过浮选有效去除了SiO2杂质、提高了精矿质量。
3.4　最终精矿化学成分分析结果
对一粗两精一扫浮选精矿进行了化学多元素分析，结果见表5。结果表明，精矿中水溶性P2O5含量0.52%，未检测出可溶性F，远超过GB/T 23456—2018《磷石膏》一级品指标要求，已达到了GB/T 5483—2008《天然石膏》特级标准要求，精矿中其他杂质含量和磷石膏精矿白度也达到了GB/T 5483—2008特级石膏指标的限值要求，精矿为一种优质石膏。
4　结论
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1）工艺矿物学分析结果表明，该磷石膏中矿物种类单一，主要以石英和石膏为主，石膏结构疏松，具有极完全解理、微孔结构、粒度略小特征，多以雪花状、纤维状集合体形式存在，样品中石英颗粒和石膏颗粒整体解离度很好。
2）在强酸性条件下，以T-609为捕收剂，采用一粗一扫两精浮选流程，可获得CaSO4·2H2O品位99.40%、回收率96.22%的石膏精矿，具有流程简单、磷石膏分选效率高、药剂用量少、经济指标优等优点。精矿杂质含量少，200 ℃白度达到75%，产品达到GB/T 5483—2008《天然石膏》特级标准要求，可用来制备高端建材产品和石膏晶须，具有良好的经济效益。
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2024年第44卷第2期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.02.016
  • 接收时间：2023-12-01
  • 首发时间：2026-03-19
  • 出版时间：2024-04-01
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  • 收稿日期：2023-12-01
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    1.湖北大峪口化工有限责任公司，湖北　钟祥　431910
    2.武汉理工大学　资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430070
    3.武汉工程大学　资源与安全工程学院，湖北　武汉　430205
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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