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MIL-53(Fe), a metal-organic framework (MOF) material, prepared by using solvothermal synthesis was adopted to adsorb Sb(Ⅲ) in soil. MIL-53(Fe) was used as the adsorbent to adsorb the Sb(Ⅲ) in aqueous solution, and the effects of solution temperature, pH value, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of Sb(Ⅲ), and humic acid content on adsorption performance were explored. Then, the isotherms and kinetics of adsorption were also analyzed. After 15 d remediation with the adsorbent at an amount of 3%, the TCLP testing shows that the concentration of leachable Sb(Ⅲ) decreases by 94.2%. However, the pH value and humic acid content of the solution have little effect on the adsorption performance. For 25 mL solution with concentration of Sb(Ⅲ) at 10 μg/mL, addition of 20 mg MIL-53(Fe) can bring good adsorption effect. The initial concentration of Sb(Ⅲ) has a significant impact on the adsorption of Sb(Ⅲ) by MIL-53(Fe). At equilibrium, the maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent is 102.9 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm of this process fits with the Freundlich model, and its adsorption kinetics can be described using pseudo-second order model.

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采用溶剂热法制备了金属有机框架材料MIL-53(Fe),并将其应用于吸附土壤中的锑(Sb)。以MIL-53(Fe)为吸附剂,吸附水溶液中Sb(Ⅲ),探讨了溶液温度、pH值、吸附剂用量、Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度、腐殖酸含量对吸附性能的影响,分析了吸附等温线和吸附动力学。结果表明,吸附剂用量3%,修复15 d后的土壤毒性浸出试验可浸出的Sb(Ⅲ)浓度降低了94.2%。溶液pH值和腐殖酸含量对吸附性能基本没有影响。对于25 mL浓度10 μg/mL的Sb(Ⅲ)溶液,加入20 mg MIL-53(Fe)即可达到良好的吸附效果。Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度对MIL-53(Fe)吸附Sb(Ⅲ)的影响较大,吸附平衡条件下吸附剂最大吸附容量为102.9 mg/g。该吸附过程的吸附等温线与Freundlich模型拟合相匹配,吸附动力学符合伪二级动力学模型。

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邱志浩(1991—),男,江苏启东人,硕士研究生,工程师,主要研究方向为污染场地调查评估与修复。E-mail:

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邱志浩(1991—),男,江苏启东人,硕士研究生,工程师,主要研究方向为污染场地调查评估与修复。E-mail:

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邱志浩(1991—),男,江苏启东人,硕士研究生,工程师,主要研究方向为污染场地调查评估与修复。E-mail:

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caption=腐殖酸浓度对Sb(Ⅲ)吸附量的影响, figureFileSmall=MAfdmAfmX983B5MvT7niNg==, figureFileBig=/ySCR37kUwKwI2FAQ2G90Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241327511825609467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241321981904212869, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=LAEDvKqW8QzZg+TbQgzqZg==, figureFileBig=hIIYkyQRVPpsd0BbQRx90w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241327511943049984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241321981904212869, language=CN, label=图12, caption=MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附等温线及拟合曲线

(a)Sb(Ⅲ)吸附等温线;(b)Langmuir等温线拟合;(c)Freundich等温线拟合

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(a)吸附动力学数据;(b)伪准一级动力学模型拟合;(c)伪二级动力学模型拟合

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MIL-53(Fe)在土壤Sb(Ⅲ)污染修复中的应用研究
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邱志浩
矿冶工程杂志 | 冶金 2024,44(2): 124-130
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矿冶工程杂志 | 冶金 2024, 44(2): 124-130
MIL-53(Fe)在土壤Sb(Ⅲ)污染修复中的应用研究
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邱志浩
作者信息
  • 上海环境保护有限公司,上海 200030
  • 邱志浩(1991—),男,江苏启东人,硕士研究生,工程师,主要研究方向为污染场地调查评估与修复。E-mail:

Application of MIL-53(Fe) in Remediation of Sb(Ⅲ)-Contaminated Soil
Zhihao QIU
Affiliations
  • Shanghai Environmental Protection Co Ltd, Shanghai 200030, China
出版时间: 2024-04-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.02.029
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采用溶剂热法制备了金属有机框架材料MIL-53(Fe),并将其应用于吸附土壤中的锑(Sb)。以MIL-53(Fe)为吸附剂,吸附水溶液中Sb(Ⅲ),探讨了溶液温度、pH值、吸附剂用量、Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度、腐殖酸含量对吸附性能的影响,分析了吸附等温线和吸附动力学。结果表明,吸附剂用量3%,修复15 d后的土壤毒性浸出试验可浸出的Sb(Ⅲ)浓度降低了94.2%。溶液pH值和腐殖酸含量对吸附性能基本没有影响。对于25 mL浓度10 μg/mL的Sb(Ⅲ)溶液,加入20 mg MIL-53(Fe)即可达到良好的吸附效果。Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度对MIL-53(Fe)吸附Sb(Ⅲ)的影响较大,吸附平衡条件下吸附剂最大吸附容量为102.9 mg/g。该吸附过程的吸附等温线与Freundlich模型拟合相匹配,吸附动力学符合伪二级动力学模型。

金属有机框架材料  /  锑  /  吸附  /  土壤修复  /  吸附剂  /  吸附动力学  /  吸附容量  /  吸附等温线

MIL-53(Fe), a metal-organic framework (MOF) material, prepared by using solvothermal synthesis was adopted to adsorb Sb(Ⅲ) in soil. MIL-53(Fe) was used as the adsorbent to adsorb the Sb(Ⅲ) in aqueous solution, and the effects of solution temperature, pH value, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of Sb(Ⅲ), and humic acid content on adsorption performance were explored. Then, the isotherms and kinetics of adsorption were also analyzed. After 15 d remediation with the adsorbent at an amount of 3%, the TCLP testing shows that the concentration of leachable Sb(Ⅲ) decreases by 94.2%. However, the pH value and humic acid content of the solution have little effect on the adsorption performance. For 25 mL solution with concentration of Sb(Ⅲ) at 10 μg/mL, addition of 20 mg MIL-53(Fe) can bring good adsorption effect. The initial concentration of Sb(Ⅲ) has a significant impact on the adsorption of Sb(Ⅲ) by MIL-53(Fe). At equilibrium, the maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent is 102.9 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm of this process fits with the Freundlich model, and its adsorption kinetics can be described using pseudo-second order model.

metal-organic framework (MOF) material  /  antimony  /  adsorption  /  soil remediation  /  adsorbent  /  adsorption kinetics  /  adsorption capacity  /  adsorption isotherm
邱志浩. MIL-53(Fe)在土壤Sb(Ⅲ)污染修复中的应用研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2024 , 44 (2) : 124 -130 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.02.029
Zhihao QIU. Application of MIL-53(Fe) in Remediation of Sb(Ⅲ)-Contaminated Soil[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2024 , 44 (2) : 124 -130 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.02.029
锑(Sb)广泛应用于医疗和工业领域[1-2],但也由此带来了水环境和土壤污染。因此去除Sb成为土壤修复领域的重要方向[3-4]。吸附法因成本低、效率高、操作简便等优点而被广泛应用于金属离子的去除[5-6]。金属有机框架材料(MOFs)因活性位点多、比表面积大,被用于选择性吸附金属离子[7-8],其中,含铁MOFs(如MIL-53)在水环境中具有优异的稳定性,且易于制备、成本低、无毒金属源[9],对很多金属具有强亲和力,可用于吸附去除土壤中的Sb(Ⅲ)。本文合成了含铁MOFs材料MIL-53(Fe)并将其用于选择性吸附土壤中Sb(Ⅲ),旨在探讨MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附去除性能和机理、开发具有强捕获性能的Sb(Ⅲ)清除剂。
实验原料包括对苯二甲酸(上海阿拉丁试剂有限公司,99%)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF,上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司,99.9%)、氯化铁(上海阿拉丁试剂有限公司,≥99.9%)、酒石酸锑钾(西格玛奥德里奇(上海),>98%)。
采用溶剂热法合成MIL-53(Fe)。制备方法参考了文献[10],并在其基础上进行了改进,具体合成过程如下:将氯化铁、对苯二甲酸和DMF按物质的量比1∶1∶280加入烧杯,于500 r/min下搅拌30 min使三者充分混合均匀。将上述混合物转移到Telfon内衬的不锈钢反应釜中,于150 ℃下持续反应15 h。冷却干燥后,将得到的黄色粉末于150 ℃下重新加热,过夜,以除净粉末孔隙内的DMF。冷却至室温后,用去离子水洗涤3次,干燥后即得到目标产物MIL-53(Fe)。
采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM,VEGA3,捷克TESCAN)表征材料尺寸及形貌;使用X射线衍射(XRD,D8 ADVANCE,德国布鲁克)确定晶体结构;采用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR,PerkinElmer Frontier,美国珀金埃尔默)确认MIL-53(Fe)结构中的有机官能团及配位键类型。
采用未受污染的天然土壤和酒石酸锑钾人工配制受Sb(Ⅲ)污染的土壤。不含Sb(Ⅲ)的土壤样品采自上海市浦东新区,采集地表深度0~30 cm的土壤。实验前,采用自来水洗涤上述土壤样品3次以去除悬浮胶体和水可浸出的杂质。然后,将洗涤后的土壤置于烘箱中于30 ℃下干燥,干燥后采用2 mm开口的标准筛筛分样品。为了制备受Sb(Ⅲ)污染的土壤,将1.552 kg土壤与含2.124 g酒石酸锑钾的溶液混合,添加去离子水至土壤含水率为60%,每天早晚各搅拌0.5 h,直至土壤慢慢自然风干。
在土壤修复实验中,称取15 g受Sb(Ⅲ)污染的土壤置于100 mL离心管中,分别向土壤中加入0.15 g、0.30 g和0.45 g MIL-53(Fe)(对应的剂量分别为1%、2%和3%)。然后加入去离子水调节土壤含水量至0、10%、30%、50%。每次实验时,相同条件下做3个平行样。然后,将上述样品置于恒温摇床中,于转速200 r/min、温度25 ℃下持续振荡,分别在第1、2、5、10和15 d取土壤样品,烘干后进行毒性特征浸出程序(TCLP)实验,修复15 d的样品用于后续的连续提取(SEP)实验,分别提取可交换态(EX)、碳酸盐结合态(CB)、铁锰氧化物结合态(OX)、有机材料结合态(OM)及残余态(RS)。
取25 mL含Sb(Ⅲ)水溶液(现配现用),加入20 mg干燥的MIL-53(Fe)进行吸附反应,采用恒温水浴控制吸附温度,考察水溶液温度、pH值、吸附剂用量、Sb(Ⅲ)浓度、腐殖酸浓度对吸附性能的影响。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定溶液中Sb(Ⅲ)浓度。计算MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的单位吸附量q(mg/g)和Sb(Ⅲ)的去除率R(%):
式中C0Ce分别为溶液中Sb(Ⅲ)的初始浓度和吸附平衡浓度,μg/mL;V为溶液体积,mL;W为吸附剂MIL-53(Fe)的质量,mg。
向13个100 mL锥形瓶里分别加入50 mL不同浓度(10、12.5、15、17.5、20、22.5、25、27.5、30、32.5、35、37.5、40 mg/L)的Sb(Ⅲ)溶液,称量20 mg MIL-53(Fe)分别加入这些锥形瓶。然后,将以上锥形瓶置于恒温摇床,在转速200 r/min、温度25 ℃条件下持续振荡24 h。然后,用注射器取3~5 mL溶液,采用0.22 μm滤膜过滤后,使用ICP-MS测量溶液中Sb(Ⅲ)浓度,绘制吸附等温曲线。
称量30 mg MIL-53(Fe)加入500 mL锥形瓶中,然后,将300 mL浓度为15.0 mg/L的Sb(Ⅲ)溶液倒入该锥形瓶中,吸附材料用量为0.1 g/L,反应条件与等温吸附实验一致,将上述锥形瓶置于恒温摇床,在转速200 r/min、温度25 ℃条件下持续振荡24 h。在预设的时间间隔(5 min、10 min、15 min、20 min、30 min、1 h、2 h、4 h、6 h、9 h、12 h)取样,用注射器取3~5 mL上清液,采用0.22 μm滤膜过滤后,使用ICP-MS测量溶液中Sb(Ⅲ)浓度,绘制吸附动力学曲线。
MIL-53(Fe)的SEM形貌见图1。MIL-53(Fe)具有较为完整的晶型,该材料整体呈现块状,材料颗粒大小不一,尺寸1~5 μm。
MIL-53(Fe)具有3种可相互转换的结构。采用XRD表征了MIL-53(Fe)的晶型结构,如图2所示。MIL-53(Fe)的XRD图谱在2θ=9.65°、12.88°、17.82°、25.72°处出现了强度较高的衍射峰,其中在2θ=12.88°处的衍射峰最强,该峰形与MIL-53-lt保持一致[11]。上述结果表明,本文制备的MIL-53(Fe)为MIL-53-lt的单相态,孔道中存在水分子或溶剂分子,孔道处于闭合状态。
采用FTIR表征MIL-53(Fe)中的官能团,结果如图3所示。1 400~1 700 cm-1的吸收峰属于羧酸官能团,即1 528.96 cm-1处的吸收峰属于配位后的羧基。与对苯二甲酸在1 693 cm-1处属于自由羧基的吸收峰[12]相比,MIL-53(Fe)在1 693 cm-1处无明显吸收峰,表明MIL-53(Fe)中无游离羧基。此外,MIL-53(Fe)在537.01 cm-1处存在吸收峰,说明样品中对苯二甲酸的羧酸基团和Fe(Ⅲ)之间形成了Fe—O键。上述结果表明,MIL-53(Fe)中对苯二甲酸与Fe3+形成配位Fe—O键,样品中无游离的羧基和对苯二甲酸,制备的样品具有较高的纯度[13]
对土壤重金属的毒性浸出情况进行评价时,TCLP实验是应用比较广泛的一种手段,可用于分析土壤修复效果。本文对MIL-53(Fe)吸附后土壤中Sb(Ⅲ)的TCLP浸出进行了分析,结果如图4所示。从图4可以看到,随着MIL-53(Fe)用量(1%~3%)和修复时间(1~15 d)增加,通过TCLP从土壤中浸出的Sb(Ⅲ)量减少,表明MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)固定的效率高。吸附剂用量分别为1%、2%和3%时,修复1 d,TCLP可浸出的Sb(Ⅲ)浓度分别降低了51.2%、73.6%和80.7%;修复15 d,TCLP可浸出的Sb(Ⅲ)浓度分别降低了83.8%、92.6%和94.2%。可见,随着MIL-53(Fe)用量增加,Sb(Ⅲ)的TCLP浸出浓度在初始阶段显著下降,表明MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的去除效果较好。然而,随着时间推移,Sb(Ⅲ)浸出浓度的降幅减小,表明固化效果逐渐趋于平衡。
修复前溶液Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度3.561 mg/L,在吸附剂用量3%、修复15 d后Sb(Ⅲ)的TCLP浸出浓度降至0.208 mg/L,降低了94.2%,具有较优的修复效果。因此,在实际土壤修复应用中,可以通过减少吸附剂用量、增加修复时间等措施提高修复效果、降低修复成本。
土壤中Sb(Ⅲ)的风险不仅受Sb(Ⅲ)浓度影响,与其生物有效性也密切相关,而Sb(Ⅲ)的生物有效性与其存在形态有直接关系。SEP实验主要用于研究土壤组分之间的金属形态分布,可以提供金属在土壤中的生物有效性和流动性指示。Sb(Ⅲ)各赋存形态相对可用性强度由强到弱的顺序为:EX>CB>OX>OM>RS[14]
采用不同MIL-53(Fe)用量对污染土壤进行修复,修复时间15 d,比较分析了修复前后土壤中各赋存形态锑的提取情况,结果如图5所示。MIL-53(Fe)用量分别为0(未添加)、1%、2%和3%时,RS锑分别占总锑的8.9%、18.2%、21.9%和32.4%,EX锑与CB锑之和分别占总锑的34.6%、38.7%、24.3%和22.9%。上述结果表明,随着MIL-53(Fe)用量增加,Sb的形态从更容易生物利用的形态(EX和CB)向生物利用度较低的形态(RS)转变,锑的可生物利用性减弱,表明土壤中Sb(Ⅲ)的流动性和环境风险得到了控制,起到了环境修复的作用。
对1%MIL-53(Fe)修复Sb(Ⅲ)污染土壤前后土壤pH值进行了分析,结果如图6所示。由图6可知,MIL-53(Fe)修复后土壤pH值小幅降低:修复前土壤pH值为8.89,修复后土壤pH值降至7.95,其对土壤的影响可忽略不计,采用MIL-53(Fe)修复Sb(Ⅲ)污染土壤能保持土壤的原始生态。
温度会影响MOF的活性位点、稳定性等物化性质,同时也会影响纳米材料在溶液中的分散性。溶液体积25 mL、pH值8.0、MIL-53(Fe)用量20 mg、Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度10 μg/mL、振荡吸附2 h,考察了溶液温度对MIL-53(Fe)吸附Sb(Ⅲ)的影响,结果如图7所示。从图7可以看到,实验温度范围内,随着温度升高,Sb(Ⅲ)吸附率呈先增大后减小的趋势,35 ℃时Sb(Ⅲ)吸附率达到最大值,为96.8%。较优的溶液温度为35 ℃。
溶液pH值会影响金属离子的赋存状态,并影响吸附剂与金属离子之间的相互作用力。溶液温度35 ℃,其他条件不变,考察了溶液pH值对吸附效果的影响,结果如图8所示。从图8可以看到,溶液pH值对Sb(Ⅲ)吸附率的影响较小。pH值13时MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附率为87.5%,其他pH值条件下Sb(Ⅲ)吸附率均在90%以上,pH值为中性和弱碱性时吸附率较高。上述结果表明,不同pH值下MIL-53(Fe)吸附Sb(Ⅲ)的性能相对稳定,吸附反应对pH值的依赖性主要通过静电相互作用解释[15]。通常情况下,在pH=2~10的溶液中Sb(Ⅲ)主要以不带电的Sb(OH)3分子形式存在[16-17],因此MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附不受静电作用影响。
溶液pH值8.0,其他条件不变,考察了MIL-53(Fe)用量对Sb(Ⅲ)去除率的影响,结果如图9所示。从图9可以看到,吸附剂用量为2.5 mg时,去除率仅56.4%,难以达到去除要求。随着MIL-53(Fe)用量增大,溶液中的MIL-53(Fe)能为Sb(Ⅲ)提供更多活性位点,Sb(Ⅲ)去除率逐渐增大。吸附剂用量20 mg时,吸附率达96.8%,趋于饱和。继续增大吸附剂用量,Sb(Ⅲ)去除率小幅增大。综上,从吸附效率和成本两个方面考虑,在初始浓度10 μg/mL的Sb(Ⅲ)溶液加入20 mg MIL-53(Fe)即可达到较好的吸附效果。
MIL-53(Fe)用量20 mg,其他条件不变,考察了不同Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度下MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)吸附量的影响,结果如图10所示。从图10可以看到,Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度0~100 μg/mL时,MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附量随着Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度增加显著增大。Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度大于100 μg/mL后,MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附量不再随着Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度增加而增大,表明MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附已达到饱和,吸附剂的最大吸附容量为102.9 mg/g。这是因为随着MIL-53(Fe)吸附越来越多Sb(Ⅲ),其表面的活性位点逐渐被Sb(Ⅲ)占据,没有多余的活性位点可与Sb(Ⅲ)进一步相互作用。
土壤中含有大量腐殖酸,若将MIL-53(Fe)吸附处理技术应用到修复Sb(Ⅲ)污染的土壤中,需考察土壤中腐殖酸对处理技术的影响。溶液体积25 mL、pH值8.0、Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度10 μg/mL、振荡吸附2 h,考察了不同腐殖酸浓度下MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)吸附量的影响,结果如图11所示。随着腐殖酸浓度从0 μg/mL增至5 μg/mL,吸附量从9.62 mg/g降至8.96 mg/g,吸附量仅降低了0.66 mg/g。表明腐殖酸没有占据MIL-53(Fe)的活性位点,对Sb(Ⅲ)吸附量的影响小。
根据上述MIL-53(Fe)材料对水溶液中Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附实验确定了适宜的实验条件为:溶液体积25 mL、吸附温度35 ℃、吸附剂用量20 mg,此时吸附剂的最大吸附容量为102.9 mg/g。溶液pH值和腐殖酸含量对Sb(Ⅲ)吸附量的影响较小,便于实验和实际应用,确定溶液pH值8.0、腐殖酸含量2.5 μg/mL。在吸附温度35 ℃、吸附剂用量20 mg、Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度10 μg/mL、溶液pH值8.0、腐殖酸含量2.5 μg/mL条件下进行了Sb(Ⅲ)吸附实验,振荡吸附2 h时Sb(Ⅲ)去除率达97.3%。
MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附等温线如图12(a)所示。采用典型的Langmuir和Freundlich模型对吸附等温线进行拟合,拟合结果如图12(b)(c)所示。
式中qe为平衡吸附容量,mg/g;Ce为溶液中Sb(Ⅲ)的平衡浓度,mg/L;KLKF分别为Langmuir常数和Freundlich常数;1/n为吸附强度。
相较于Langmuir模型(R2=0.58),Freundlich模型(R2=0.98)更适用于描述该吸附过程。结果表明,Sb(Ⅲ)在MIL-53(Fe)上的吸附是单层且不均匀的[18]
吸附速率是衡量MIL-53(Fe)吸附Sb(Ⅲ)性能的重要指标,对其吸附动力学进行分析,结果如图13(a)所示。MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附主要发生在前20 min内,这是因为在反应初期吸附剂为Sb(Ⅲ)提供了很多吸附位点,随着吸附过程的进行,吸附剂上的吸附位点逐渐被Sb(Ⅲ)占据,导致活性位点减少,吸附速率逐渐趋于平稳。为了描述MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附动力学过程,使用伪一级和伪二级模型拟合动态吸附数据,拟合结果如图13(b)(c)所示。
式中qtt时刻的Sb(Ⅲ)吸附容量,mg/g;k1k2分别为伪一级和伪二级动力学模型的平衡速率常数。
伪二级动力学模型拟合(R2=0.99)较伪一级动力学模型拟合(R2=0.89)更能准确描述该吸附过程。MIL-53(Fe)对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附容量为33.5 mg/g。可以看出,MIL-53(Fe)在低浓度Sb(Ⅲ)(小于100 mg/L)环境中具有良好的吸附能力,可适应的pH值范围广。
1)MIL-53(Fe)用量3%,15 d后TCLP可浸出的Sb(Ⅲ)浓度降低了94.2%。随着MIL-53(Fe)用量增加,锑从更容易被生物利用的形态向生物利用度较低的形态转变。MIL-53(Fe)对土壤Sb(Ⅲ)污染具有良好的修复效果。
2)溶液pH值和腐殖酸含量对MIL-53(Fe)吸附Sb(Ⅲ)的性能基本没有影响。对于25 mL 10 μg/mL Sb(Ⅲ)溶液,20 mg MIL-53(Fe)即可达到Sb(Ⅲ)去除要求,吸附剂用量小。此外,Sb(Ⅲ)初始浓度对MIL-53(Fe)吸附Sb(Ⅲ)的容量影响较大,吸附平衡条件下吸附剂最大吸附容量为102.9 mg/g。在适宜的条件下,2 h内Sb(Ⅲ)去除率达97.3%。
3)MIL-53(Fe)吸附Sb(Ⅲ)过程的吸附等温线更符合Freundlich模型拟合,吸附动力学符合伪二级动力学模型。
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2024年第44卷第2期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.02.029
  • 接收时间:2023-10-25
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2024-04-01
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
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genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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