Article(id=1241081036071817919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241081025531540408, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.036, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1708790400000, receivedDateStr=2024-02-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773826377170, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1722441600000, pubDateStr=2024-08-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773826377170, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773826377170, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773826377170, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241081025531540408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2024', volume='44', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773826374657, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773827517159, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241085817590960730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241081025531540408, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241085817590960731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241081025531540408, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=189, endPage=193, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241081036835181293, articleId=1241081036071817919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Influence of Frothers on Flotation Performance of High-Ash Coal Tailings, columnId=1236276106932842717, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=MINERAL PROCESSING, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

With the coal tailings from the flotation process of a coking coal preparation plant in Guizhou as the research object, the effects of four kinds of frother including methyl isobutyl methanol (MIBC), sec-octyl alcohol, terpenic oil and n-pentanol on the flotation performance of coal tailings were investigated. The test shows that the flotation indices of MIBC frother were better than those of the other three frothers with the similar dosage. A flotation process consisting of one stage of roughing, one stage of cleaning and one stage of scavenging was adopted to treat the raw coal with the ash content of 56.90%, and with dosages of kerosene and MIBC respectively at 1 000 g/t and 350 g/t, a qualified coking coal with the ash content of 11.47% and the yield of 32.03% can be produced. The results of foaming ability and foam stability measured by inflation method show that the foaming ability and foam stability of terpenic oil are the strongest, while those indices of n-pentanol are relatively weak, and those of MIBC and sec-octyl alcohol moderate. The characterization of the adhesion process between bubbles and coal particles under the action of different frothers analyzed with bubble-particle encapsulation angle and induction time measuring instrument suggests that MIBC can enhance coal-carrying capacity of bubbles, shorten particle-bubble induction time, thus bringing improved flotation effect.

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以贵州某焦煤选厂浮选尾煤泥为研究对象,考察了甲基异丁基甲醇(MIBC)、仲辛醇、2号油、正戊醇等起泡剂对浮选尾煤泥再选提质的影响及作用机理。结果表明,用量相近时,MIBC为起泡剂所获得的浮选指标优于其他3种起泡剂。煤油用量1 000 g/t、MIBC用量350 g/t时,灰分56.90%的原煤经一粗一精一扫浮选可获得灰分11.47%、产率32.03%的合格炼焦精煤产品。利用充气法研究了4种起泡剂的起泡能力及泡沫稳定性,发现2号油起泡能力和气泡稳定性均较强,正戊醇起泡能力和气泡稳定性均较弱,MIBC和仲辛醇表现适中。利用气泡-颗粒包覆角及诱导时间测量仪进一步分析了不同起泡剂作用下气泡与煤粒黏附作用过程,发现MIBC可以提升气泡的载矿能力,缩短颗粒与气泡间的诱导时间,从而获得较好的浮选效果。

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程伟(1983—),男,湖北黄冈人,教授,主要研究方向为洁净煤技术与煤地球化学。E-mail:
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梁云帆(1998—),男,贵州遵义人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为洁净煤技术。E-mail:

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(a)仲辛醇;(b)正戊醇;(c)2号油;(d)MIBC

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(a)泡沫最大高度;(b)泡沫半衰期

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MadAadVdafFCadStd
1.4256.9017.9623.720.70
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尾煤泥试样工业分析结果

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MadAadVdafFCadStd
1.4256.9017.9623.720.70
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粒级/mm产率/%灰分/%累计/%
产率灰分
+0.5004.2529.394.2529.39
0.250~0.5005.7132.309.9631.06
0.125~0.2508.4535.2818.4133.00
0.075~0.1257.4842.6925.8935.80
0.045~0.0759.5546.2135.4438.61
-0.04564.5668.04100.0057.61
合计100.0057.61
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尾煤泥筛分试验结果

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粒级/mm产率/%灰分/%累计/%
产率灰分
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0.250~0.5005.7132.309.9631.06
0.125~0.2508.4535.2818.4133.00
0.075~0.1257.4842.6925.8935.80
0.045~0.0759.5546.2135.4438.61
-0.04564.5668.04100.0057.61
合计100.0057.61
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起泡剂种类最佳用量/(g·t-1精煤产率/%精煤灰分/%
仲辛醇35038.0024.21
正戊醇30036.5319.03
MIBC35040.9620.88
2号油35041.3324.37
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不同起泡最佳用量下精煤产率及灰分

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起泡剂种类最佳用量/(g·t-1精煤产率/%精煤灰分/%
仲辛醇35038.0024.21
正戊醇30036.5319.03
MIBC35040.9620.88
2号油35041.3324.37
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工艺流程产品名称产率/%灰分/%
一粗一扫一精精煤32.0311.74
中煤13.2752.11
尾煤54.7085.54
合计100.0057.47
一粗一扫二精精煤7.905.30
中煤37.9027.09
尾煤54.2085.18
合计100.0056.85
一粗一精精煤22.879.50
中煤19.0736.52
尾煤58.0685.33
合计100.0058.68
一粗二精精煤35.5312.15
中煤10.3059.33
尾煤54.1785.64
合计100.0056.82
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不同工艺流程浮选结果

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一粗一扫一精精煤32.0311.74
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尾煤54.7085.54
合计100.0057.47
一粗一扫二精精煤7.905.30
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尾煤54.2085.18
合计100.0056.85
一粗一精精煤22.879.50
中煤19.0736.52
尾煤58.0685.33
合计100.0058.68
一粗二精精煤35.5312.15
中煤10.3059.33
尾煤54.1785.64
合计100.0056.82
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体系诱导时间/ms
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MIBC溶液5
仲辛醇溶液9
2号油溶液14
正戊醇溶液20
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起泡剂种类与诱导时间的关系

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去离子水44
MIBC溶液5
仲辛醇溶液9
2号油溶液14
正戊醇溶液20
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起泡剂对高灰尾煤泥浮选的影响及机理研究
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梁云帆 1, 2, 3 , 程伟 1, 2, 3
矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2024,44(4): 189-193
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矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2024, 44(4): 189-193
起泡剂对高灰尾煤泥浮选的影响及机理研究
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梁云帆1, 2, 3 , 程伟1, 2, 3
作者信息
  • 1.贵州大学 矿业学院,贵州 贵阳 550025
  • 2.喀斯特地区优势矿产资源高效利用国家地方联合工程实验室,贵州 贵阳 550025
  • 3.贵州省非金属矿产资源综合利用重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 550025
  • 梁云帆(1998—),男,贵州遵义人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为洁净煤技术。E-mail:

通讯作者:

程伟(1983—),男,湖北黄冈人,教授,主要研究方向为洁净煤技术与煤地球化学。E-mail:
Influence of Frothers on Flotation Performance of High-Ash Coal Tailings
Yunfan LIANG1, 2, 3 , Wei CHENG1, 2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1.Mining College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
  • 2.National & Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering for Effective Utilization of Regional Mineral Resources from Karst Areas, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
  • 3.Guizhou Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
出版时间: 2024-08-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.036
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以贵州某焦煤选厂浮选尾煤泥为研究对象,考察了甲基异丁基甲醇(MIBC)、仲辛醇、2号油、正戊醇等起泡剂对浮选尾煤泥再选提质的影响及作用机理。结果表明,用量相近时,MIBC为起泡剂所获得的浮选指标优于其他3种起泡剂。煤油用量1 000 g/t、MIBC用量350 g/t时,灰分56.90%的原煤经一粗一精一扫浮选可获得灰分11.47%、产率32.03%的合格炼焦精煤产品。利用充气法研究了4种起泡剂的起泡能力及泡沫稳定性,发现2号油起泡能力和气泡稳定性均较强,正戊醇起泡能力和气泡稳定性均较弱,MIBC和仲辛醇表现适中。利用气泡-颗粒包覆角及诱导时间测量仪进一步分析了不同起泡剂作用下气泡与煤粒黏附作用过程,发现MIBC可以提升气泡的载矿能力,缩短颗粒与气泡间的诱导时间,从而获得较好的浮选效果。

焦煤  /  尾煤  /  煤泥浮选  /  起泡剂  /  起泡能力  /  包覆角  /  诱导时间

With the coal tailings from the flotation process of a coking coal preparation plant in Guizhou as the research object, the effects of four kinds of frother including methyl isobutyl methanol (MIBC), sec-octyl alcohol, terpenic oil and n-pentanol on the flotation performance of coal tailings were investigated. The test shows that the flotation indices of MIBC frother were better than those of the other three frothers with the similar dosage. A flotation process consisting of one stage of roughing, one stage of cleaning and one stage of scavenging was adopted to treat the raw coal with the ash content of 56.90%, and with dosages of kerosene and MIBC respectively at 1 000 g/t and 350 g/t, a qualified coking coal with the ash content of 11.47% and the yield of 32.03% can be produced. The results of foaming ability and foam stability measured by inflation method show that the foaming ability and foam stability of terpenic oil are the strongest, while those indices of n-pentanol are relatively weak, and those of MIBC and sec-octyl alcohol moderate. The characterization of the adhesion process between bubbles and coal particles under the action of different frothers analyzed with bubble-particle encapsulation angle and induction time measuring instrument suggests that MIBC can enhance coal-carrying capacity of bubbles, shorten particle-bubble induction time, thus bringing improved flotation effect.

coking coal  /  coal tailings  /  coal slime flotation  /  frother  /  foaming ability  /  coating angle  /  induction time
梁云帆, 程伟. 起泡剂对高灰尾煤泥浮选的影响及机理研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2024 , 44 (4) : 189 -193 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.036
Yunfan LIANG, Wei CHENG. Influence of Frothers on Flotation Performance of High-Ash Coal Tailings[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2024 , 44 (4) : 189 -193 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.036
焦煤是我国的稀缺煤种,仅占全国煤炭保有查明资源储量的20%左右[1],我国中长期焦煤供需缺口较大,当前焦煤资源加工、利用方式粗放,急需加强焦煤资源的保护性开发利用[2]。以贵州为例,贵州焦煤资源较为丰富,保有查明储量167×109 t,在全国主要炼焦煤省区中排名第四,但一些大型焦煤选厂精煤产率仅40%左右,中煤及浮选尾煤直接销售或配煤后运至火电厂燃烧,资源利用效率较低。
焦煤浮选尾煤泥灰分高、粒度细,但其中仍含有不少可燃物,一般可通过增加分选次数、优化浮选工艺来提升可燃物回收率[3-4]。目前,对尾煤泥浮选关注较多的是新型捕收剂的开发与应用、油团聚浮选及煤泥表面处理等[5-7]。有研究发现,对尾煤泥进行预先磨矿、预先脱泥(如超声波处理)可加强煤与矿物解离、减小矿泥影响,提升尾煤泥的浮选效果[8]。起泡剂调控是优化浮选效果的重要途径,常用的煤泥浮选起泡剂有醇类、醚类、酮类等物质,石油化工副产品类起泡剂的应用很广,主要包括不同碳链长度的醇类,如仲辛醇、杂醇、混合醇等[9]。目前有关起泡剂对尾煤泥浮选的影响及作用机理研究相对较少[10]。本文对贵州某选煤厂浮选尾煤泥进行再次浮选,重点考察不同起泡剂对精煤灰分和产率的影响,并运用充气法以及实验室自行搭建的气泡-煤粒观测系统探索不同种类起泡剂作用下气泡-煤粒的微观作用机理。
参照GB/T 212—2008《煤的工业分析方法》测定煤泥样品水分、灰分、挥发分和固定碳占比,煤泥样品工业分析结果见表1,其中Mad为空气干燥基水分,Aad为空气干燥基灰分,Vdaf为干燥无灰基挥发分,FCad为固定碳,Std为干燥基全硫分。该煤泥属于高灰低硫煤泥。
尾煤泥筛分试验结果见表2。该尾煤泥样品细粒级物料占比较高,随着粒度减小,灰分逐渐增加,-0.045 mm粒级产率64.56%、灰分高达68.04%,表明样品为高灰细煤泥,在浮选过程中易出现细泥罩盖及水流夹带现象。
X射线衍射分析结果表明,样品中所含矿物主要为石英、高岭石、白云母、方解石,同时含有少量锐钛矿和磁铁矿。这些矿物在浮选中易泥化,混入精煤产品,使精煤产品灰分增大。
使用容积0.5 L的XFD型挂槽式浮选机进行尾煤泥浮选试验,转速1 990 r/min,充气量0.06 m3/h,矿浆浓度60 g/L。试验步骤如下:加入煤样至浮选槽后搅匀润湿,随后补水至浮选槽刻度线。加入捕收剂,搅拌3 min后向煤浆中加入起泡剂,搅拌2 min后打开气泵,充气30 s后,刮泡3 min,测定灰分,计算产率。
用充气法测试起泡剂的起泡能力和稳定性。试验装置由铁架台、带有玻璃砂芯的玻璃管和气体流量计组成。加入待测起泡剂至玻璃管,固定气体流量1.2 L/min,起泡剂在玻璃管中产生气泡,记录泡沫最大高度H,然后关闭气泵,记录泡沫高度衰减0.5H时的时间,即半衰期t[11]。泡沫最大高度代表起泡剂的起泡能力,半衰期代表泡沫的稳定性[12]
包覆角测试系统由计算机、摄像机、光源、毛细管针(内径2 mm)、微型注射泵、矩形石英槽(3.5 cm×3.5 cm×5 cm)和磁力搅拌器组成。称取1 g煤样(粒径0.250~0.500 mm)置于石英槽中,加入40 mL去离子水,设置磁力搅拌器转速500 r/min搅拌2 min,随后加入药剂搅拌30 s。将磁力搅拌器转速降至250 r/min,记录搅拌时间40 s、80 s、120 s、160 s、200 s时的气泡图像。
采用与包裹角测试相同的自建视觉测量系统测量气泡与煤颗粒之间的诱导感应时间。试验前,在池内加入去离子水和1 g煤样(粒径0.125~0.250 mm),然后加入配制好的一定质量分数的起泡剂溶液。试验过程中,向下移动由微量注射器产生的大小均一的气泡,使其与煤层接触一定时间,然后返回到初始位置,通过工业相机观察气泡表面的附着情况。气泡颗粒附着概率50%时对应的时间定义为诱导时间[13]
在矿浆浓度60 g/L、起泡剂仲辛醇用量300 g/t、充气量0.06 m3/h条件下,捕收剂煤油用量对煤泥浮选效果的影响见图1。由图1可知,随着煤油用量增加,精煤产率及精煤灰分均呈现先增大后减小的变化趋势;煤油用量1 000 g/t时,精煤产率及精煤灰分均达到最大值,分别为37.3%和24.65%。后续浮选试验捕收剂煤油用量选择1 000 g/t。
在矿浆浓度60 g/L、充气量0.06 m3/h、捕收剂煤油用量1 000 g/t条件下,考察了起泡剂种类及用量对浮选效果的影响,结果如图2所示。由图2可知,除2号油外,随着起泡剂用量增加,精煤产率及灰分均呈逐渐上升而后下降的趋势。仲辛醇、正戊醇、2号油和MIBC的最佳用量分别为350 g/t、300 g/t、350 g/t、350 g/t。
不同种类起泡剂最佳用量下对应的精煤产率及精煤灰分如表3所示。
对比4种起泡剂的作用效果,正戊醇对煤泥的降灰能力较优,精煤灰分最低,为19.03%,但精煤产率仅36.53%;以MIBC为起泡剂,精煤灰分20.88%,但精煤产率可达40.96%。综合考虑,MIBC作用下煤泥浮选效果较好,后续浮选试验选择MIBC为起泡剂,用量350 g/t。
基于以上起泡剂筛选试验开展了工艺流程试验研究,探究了4种不同工艺流程的降灰效果,药剂制度为:粗选捕收剂煤油用量1 000 g/t,起泡剂MIBC用量350 g/t;扫选不加捕收剂,起泡剂MIBC用量100 g/t;精选不加药。流程试验结果如表4所示。采用一粗一扫一精浮选流程,可获得产率32.03%、灰分11.74%的精煤产品,产品质量达到GB/T 17608—2022《煤炭产品品种和等级划分》中炼焦煤标准。
采用充气法考察了不同种类起泡剂在不同用量条件下的起泡能力以及半衰期,结果见图3。由图3(a)可知,随着起泡剂用量增加,不同种类起泡剂产生的泡沫高度均呈上升趋势,说明提升药剂用量可以有效增强起泡效果,其中MIBC、仲辛醇、2号油的泡沫高度在药剂用量大于150 mg/L后趋于平缓,但该用量下正戊醇的泡沫高度仍保持上升趋势,说明不同种类起泡剂的起泡能力都有一定限度,且所对应的最佳药剂用量并不相同。对比不同起泡剂起泡能力发现,2号油作用下泡沫高度最大,起泡能力较强,其次是MIBC和仲辛醇,正戊醇作用下泡沫高度最小,起泡能力较弱,各种起泡剂起泡能力与相应精煤产率变化规律一致,说明起泡能力对提高浮选精煤产率具有重要影响。由图3(b)可知,4种起泡剂中,MIBC、2号油、仲辛醇的起泡能力与半衰期相近,均明显优于正戊醇,这与MIBC、2号油、仲辛醇实际浮选效果优于正戊醇相符,说明气泡稳定性对煤泥浮选效果有影响。此外,随着起泡剂用量增加,泡沫半衰期均增大,说明增加药剂用量可以有效增强泡沫稳定性,使气泡不易破裂。
综合以上分析,MIBC为起泡剂时煤泥浮选效果较好,但MIBC起泡能力、气泡稳定性均不是最优的,说明适中的起泡能力和气泡稳定性可能更有利于浮选分离。起泡能力太弱不利于提高精煤产率,气泡稳定性过强不利于降低精煤灰分。
颗粒在不同种类起泡剂作用下气泡表面包覆角随时间变化结果如图4所示。随着作用时间增加,附着在气泡表面的颗粒越来越多,气泡-颗粒包覆角逐渐增大。作用时间160 s以上时,不同种类起泡剂作用下的包裹角增幅趋于平稳。相同作用时间下,MIBC作用下的包覆角明显高于仲辛醇、2号油和正戊醇,颗粒在气泡表面的黏附量较大,说明MIBC产生的气泡对煤泥颗粒具有更强的黏附能力。
诱导时间是评价颗粒可浮性的重要参数,气泡-颗粒诱导时间越短,表明颗粒可浮性越好[14]。起泡剂种类与诱导时间的关系如表5所示。去离子体系中,气泡颗粒附着所需的诱导时间最长,为44 ms,加入起泡剂MIBC、仲辛醇、2号油、正戊醇后,气泡与颗粒之间的诱导时间大幅减小,说明起泡剂的加入可以改变气泡表面性质,加快接触后气泡-颗粒之间水化膜的薄化、破裂速度,同时起泡剂分子的极性基会吸附在煤颗粒表面少数的极性基区域,增加了煤颗粒表面的疏水性,直接影响到诱导时间。MIBC作用下,颗粒与气泡在较短时间内就可以产生黏附,这可能是MIBC作用下浮选效果相对较优的原因之一。
1)对灰分56.90%的高灰细尾煤泥进行浮选试验。结果表明:与起泡剂仲辛醇、2号油及正戊醇相比,起泡剂MIBC作用下浮选效果较优;通过一粗一精一扫浮选,可以获得产率32.03%、灰分11.74%的精煤产品,该产品达到炼焦煤质量要求。
2)气泡高度及半衰期测试结果表明,MIBC、仲辛醇、2号油的起泡能力与气泡稳定性相近,但均明显优于正戊醇,其中2号油起泡能力最强、仲辛醇稳定性较强、MIBC起泡能力及气泡稳定性均适中。适中的起泡能力和气泡稳定性可能更有利于浮选分离,起泡能力太弱不利于提高精煤产率,气泡稳定性过强则不利于降低精煤灰分。
3)包覆角和诱导时间测试结果表明,MIBC作用下生成气泡的载矿能力较强,颗粒与气泡黏附的诱导时间较短。起泡剂的加入可以改变气泡表面性质,加快接触后气泡-颗粒之间水化膜的薄化、破裂速度,同时起泡剂分子的极性基会吸附到煤颗粒表面少数的极性基区域,增加了煤颗粒表面的疏水性,直接影响到颗粒气泡之间的相互作用过程,明显降低颗粒与气泡之间的诱导时间,有利于强化浮选效果。
  • 国家自然科学基金(52364024)
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2024年第44卷第4期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.036
  • 接收时间:2024-02-25
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-08-01
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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-25
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    1.贵州大学 矿业学院,贵州 贵阳 550025
    2.喀斯特地区优势矿产资源高效利用国家地方联合工程实验室,贵州 贵阳 550025
    3.贵州省非金属矿产资源综合利用重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 550025

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程伟(1983—),男,湖北黄冈人,教授,主要研究方向为洁净煤技术与煤地球化学。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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