Article(id=1241081031646834759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241081025531540408, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.021, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1709049600000, receivedDateStr=2024-02-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773826376115, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1722441600000, pubDateStr=2024-08-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773826376115, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773826376115, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773826376115, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241081025531540408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2024', volume='44', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773826374657, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773827517159, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241085817590960730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241081025531540408, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241085817590960731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241081025531540408, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=109, endPage=114, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241081032078848098, articleId=1241081031646834759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Leaching of Metal Elements from Lithium Cobalt Oxide with Dicarboxylic Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent, columnId=1241081026567533498, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=SPECIAL ISSUE: BATTERY MATERIALS, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to recover metal elements from the cathode materials of spent Li-ion batteries in an environmentally friendly and efficient way, three deep eutectic solvents (DES) were synthesized with choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptor, malonic acid, succinic acid and adipate respectively as hydrogen bond donors. Then, Co and Li in the cathode materials of spent Li-ion batteries were leached by adopting these three DESs respectively. The effects of leaching time, liquid-solid ratio and reaction temperature on the leaching rates of Co and Li were explored, and the leaching residues were also characterized in terms of morphology and phase. The leaching mechanism was analyzed by FT-IR spectrum and UV-Vis absorption spectrum. It is shown that the leaching efficiency of metal elements can be enhanced by prolonging leaching time, increasing liquid-solid ratio and temperature. It is found that under the optimal conditions, including leaching time of 300 minutes, liquid-solid ratio of 100 mL/g, and temperature of 110 ℃, malonic acid-based DES, among those three kinds of DESs, can bring better leaching effect, with leaching rates of Co and Li all exceeding 99%. During the leaching of lithium cobalt oxide with those three DESs, Co exists in the form of bivalent in the leaching solution, and the coordination compound is in a tetrahedral structure.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Si DI, Xihong HE), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241081036981989791, articleId=1241081031646834759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=CN, title=二元羧酸低共熔溶剂浸出钴酸锂中金属元素的研究, columnId=1241081026814997437, journalTitle=矿冶工程杂志, columnName=电池材料专题, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为绿色、高效回收废旧锂离子电池正极材料中的金属元素,以氯化胆碱为氢键受体,丙二酸、丁二酸、己二酸分别为氢键供体,合成了3种低共熔溶剂(DES);采用这3种DES浸出钴酸锂正极材料中的Co和Li,研究了浸出时间、液固比和温度对浸出率的影响,并对浸出渣的形貌和物相进行了表征;利用红外吸收光谱和紫外可见吸收光谱探究了浸出机理。结果表明:延长浸出时间、增加液固比、升高温度均有助于金属元素的浸出,适宜的浸出条件为:浸出时间300 min、液固比100 mL/g、温度110 ℃;3种DES中,丙二酸组成的DES具有更好的浸出性能,Co和Li浸出率都大于99%;3种DES浸出钴酸锂时,Co在浸出液中以正二价形态存在,配位构型为四面体。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
何喜红(1984—),男,宁夏固原人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为固体废弃物资源化。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=5U9FTkxomHTQf9kpNBXJmA==, magXml=T5MZAADt5YwYQ5y5mHk+9Q==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=MEYRoaUjnM35xDBmLfdigQ==, pdfFileSize=3578703, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=+Y3hcv6HcGweWyxTwMWcNw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=9Fz9b0MalleyTBFJLShN4w==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

邸思(1997—),女,陕西汉中人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为废旧锂离子电池回收。E-mail:

, authorsList=邸思, 何喜红)}, authors=[Author(id=1241081037376254408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=1164286054@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241081037468529111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, authorId=1241081037376254408, language=EN, stringName=Si DI, firstName=Si, middleName=null, lastName=DI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, Shaanxi, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241081037581775332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, authorId=1241081037376254408, language=CN, stringName=邸思, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=西安建筑科技大学,陕西 西安 710055, bio={"content":"

邸思(1997—),女,陕西汉中人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为废旧锂离子电池回收。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

邸思(1997—),女,陕西汉中人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为废旧锂离子电池回收。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241081037250425277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241081037258813885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, companyId=1241081037250425277, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, Shaanxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241081037271396799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, companyId=1241081037250425277, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=西安建筑科技大学,陕西 西安 710055)])]), Author(id=1241081037686632941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=hexihong@xauat.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241081039301439995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, authorId=1241081037686632941, language=EN, stringName=Xihong HE, firstName=Xihong, middleName=null, lastName=HE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, Shaanxi, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241081039406297605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, authorId=1241081037686632941, language=CN, stringName=何喜红, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=西安建筑科技大学,陕西 西安 710055, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241081037250425277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241081037258813885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, companyId=1241081037250425277, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, Shaanxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241081037271396799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, companyId=1241081037250425277, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=西安建筑科技大学,陕西 西安 710055)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1241081039532126736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=deep eutectic solvent (DES)), Keyword(id=1241081039628595739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=spent Li-ion battery), Keyword(id=1241081039813145120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=cathode material), Keyword(id=1241081040010277418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=leaching), Keyword(id=1241081040199021107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=lithium cobalt oxide), Keyword(id=1241081040324850241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=cobalt), Keyword(id=1241081040463262280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, orderNo=7, keyword=lithium), Keyword(id=1241081040576508493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, orderNo=8, keyword=dicarboxylicacid), Keyword(id=1241081040731697751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, orderNo=9, keyword=mechanism), Keyword(id=1241081040849138270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=低共熔溶剂), Keyword(id=1241081040979161702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=废旧锂离子电池), Keyword(id=1241081041084019310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=正极材料), Keyword(id=1241081041214042744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=浸出), Keyword(id=1241081041339871874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=钴酸锂), Keyword(id=1241081041444729486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=钴), Keyword(id=1241081041562170006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, orderNo=7, keyword=锂), Keyword(id=1241081041708970657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, orderNo=8, keyword=二元羧酸), Keyword(id=1241081041859965616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, orderNo=9, keyword=机理)], refs=[Reference(id=1241081046364648393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=4, pageStart=95, pageEnd=102, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=刘雯雯, journalName=矿冶工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘雯雯. 钛酸锂废料回收制备电池级碳酸锂的工艺研究[J]. 矿冶工程, 2020, 40(4): 95-102., articleTitle=钛酸锂废料回收制备电池级碳酸锂的工艺研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081046486283224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=151, issue=null, pageStart=73, pageEnd=77, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=NAYAKA G P, MANJANNA J, PAI K V, journalName=Hydrometallurgy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NAYAKA G P, MANJANNA J, PAI K V, et al. Recovery of valuable metal ions from the spent lithium-ion battery using aqueous mixture of mild organic acids as alternative to mineral acids[J]. Hydrometallurgy, 2015, 151: 73-77., articleTitle=Recovery of valuable metal ions from the spent lithium-ion battery using aqueous mixture of mild organic acids as alternative to mineral acids, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081046595335140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=39, issue=5, pageStart=2149, pageEnd=2165, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=WANG Z, LI S, LI T, journalName=Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Z, LI S, LI T, et al. Deep eutectic solvents (dess) for green recycling of wasted lithium-ion batteries (libs): progress on pushing the overall efficiency[J]. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, 2022, 39(5): 2149-2165., articleTitle=Deep eutectic solvents (dess) for green recycling of wasted lithium-ion batteries (libs): progress on pushing the overall efficiency, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081046708581354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=24, issue=17, pageStart=6685, pageEnd=6695, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=PEETERS N, JANSSENS K, DE VOS D, journalName=Green Chem, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PEETERS N, JANSSENS K, DE VOS D, et al. Choline chloride-ethylene glycol based deep-eutectic solvents as lixiviants for cobalt recovery from lithium-ion battery cathode materials: are these solvents really green in high-temperature processes?[J]. Green Chem, 2022, 24(17): 6685-6695., articleTitle=Choline chloride-ethylene glycol based deep-eutectic solvents as lixiviants for cobalt recovery from lithium-ion battery cathode materials: are these solvents really green in high-temperature processes?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081048222725112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=417, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=SCHIAVI P G, ALTIMARI P, BRANCHI M, journalName=Chemical Engineering Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SCHIAVI P G, ALTIMARI P, BRANCHI M, et al. Selective recovery of cobalt from mixed lithium ion battery wastes using deep eutectic solvent[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021, 417: 129249., articleTitle=Selective recovery of cobalt from mixed lithium ion battery wastes using deep eutectic solvent, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081048377913348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=4, issue=4, pageStart=339, pageEnd=345, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=TRAN M K, RODRIGUES M-T F, KATO K, journalName=Nature Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TRAN M K, RODRIGUES M-T F, KATO K, et al. Deep eutectic solvents for cathode recycling of Li-ion batteries[J]. Nature Energy, 2019, 4(4): 339-345., articleTitle=Deep eutectic solvents for cathode recycling of Li-ion batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081048528908302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=396, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=LUO Y, OU L, YIN C, journalName=Journal of Cleaner Production, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LUO Y, OU L, YIN C. A green and efficient combination process for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2023, 396: 126552., articleTitle=A green and efficient combination process for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081048658931741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=22, issue=14, pageStart=4473, pageEnd=4482, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=WANG S, ZHANG Z, LU Z, journalName=Green Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG S, ZHANG Z, LU Z, et al. A novel method for screening deep eutectic solvent to recycle the cathode of Li-ion batteries[J]. Green Chemistry, 2020, 22(14): 4473-4482., articleTitle=A novel method for screening deep eutectic solvent to recycle the cathode of Li-ion batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081048767983652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=8, issue=31, pageStart=11713, pageEnd=11720, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=CHEN Y, LU Y, LIU Z, journalName=ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN Y, LU Y, LIU Z, et al. Efficient dissolution of lithium-ion batteries cathode LiCoO2 by polyethylene glycol-based deep eutectic solvents at mild temperature[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2020, 8(31): 11713-11720., articleTitle=Efficient dissolution of lithium-ion batteries cathode LiCoO2 by polyethylene glycol-based deep eutectic solvents at mild temperature, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081048902201390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=8, issue=14, pageStart=5437, pageEnd=5445, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=ROLDÁN-RUIZ M J, FERRER M L, GUTIÉRREZ M C, journalName=ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ROLDÁN-RUIZ M J, FERRER M L, GUTIÉRREZ M C, et al. Highly efficient p-toluenesulfonic acid-based deep-eutectic solvents for cathode recycling of li-ion batteries[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2020, 8(14): 5437-5445., articleTitle=Highly efficient p-toluenesulfonic acid-based deep-eutectic solvents for cathode recycling of li-ion batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081049049002043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=9, issue=38, pageStart=12940, pageEnd=12948, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=CHEN Y, WANG Y, BAI Y, journalName=ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN Y, WANG Y, BAI Y, et al. Significant improvement in dissolving lithium-ion battery cathodes using novel deep eutectic solvents at low temperature[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2021, 9(38): 12940-12948., articleTitle=Significant improvement in dissolving lithium-ion battery cathodes using novel deep eutectic solvents at low temperature, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081049162248269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=10, issue=2, pageStart=975, pageEnd=985, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=TANG S, ZHANG M, GUO M, journalName=ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TANG S, ZHANG M, GUO M. A novel deep-eutectic solvent with strong coordination ability and low viscosity for efficient extraction of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2022, 10(2): 975-985., articleTitle=A novel deep-eutectic solvent with strong coordination ability and low viscosity for efficient extraction of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081049288077400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=9, issue=41, pageStart=13851, pageEnd=13861, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=LU Q, CHEN L, LI X, journalName=ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LU Q, CHEN L, LI X, et al. Sustainable and convenient recovery of valuable metals from spent li-ion batteries by a one-pot extraction process[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2021, 9(41): 13851-13861., articleTitle=Sustainable and convenient recovery of valuable metals from spent li-ion batteries by a one-pot extraction process, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081049430683752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=186, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=MA C, SVÄRD M, FORSBERG K, journalName=Resources, Conservation and Recycling, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MA C, SVÄRD M, FORSBERG K. Recycling cathode material Li-Co1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2 by leaching with a deep eutectic solvent and metal recovery with antisolvent crystallization[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2022, 186: 106579., articleTitle=Recycling cathode material Li-Co1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2 by leaching with a deep eutectic solvent and metal recovery with antisolvent crystallization, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081049573290105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=966, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=LI H, CHEN N, LIU W, journalName=Journal of Alloys and Compounds, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI H, CHEN N, LIU W, et al. A reusable deep eutectic solvent for the regeneration of Li and Co metals from spent lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2023, 966: 171517., articleTitle=A reusable deep eutectic solvent for the regeneration of Li and Co metals from spent lithium-ion batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081049682342018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=164, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=8, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=LUO Y, OU L, YIN C, journalName=Waste Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LUO Y, OU L, YIN C. Extraction of precious metals from used lithium-ion batteries by a natural deep eutectic solvent with synergistic effects[J]. Waste Management, 2023, 164: 1-8., articleTitle=Extraction of precious metals from used lithium-ion batteries by a natural deep eutectic solvent with synergistic effects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081049783005320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=32, issue=11, pageStart=3448, pageEnd=3455, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=何喜红, 王薪尧, 崔雅茹, journalName=中国有色金属学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何喜红, 王薪尧, 崔雅茹, 等. 膦酸基低共熔溶剂浸出钴酸锂中的金属元素[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2022, 32(11): 3448-3455., articleTitle=膦酸基低共熔溶剂浸出钴酸锂中的金属元素, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081049900445842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=37, issue=7, pageStart=5361, pageEnd=5369, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=CHEN Y, LIU C, WANG Y, journalName=Energy & Fuels, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN Y, LIU C, WANG Y, et al. Efficient recovery of valuable metals from lithium-ion battery cathodes using phytic acid-based deep eutectic solvents at a mild temperature[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2023, 37(7): 5361-5369., articleTitle=Efficient recovery of valuable metals from lithium-ion battery cathodes using phytic acid-based deep eutectic solvents at a mild temperature, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081049996914845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=23, issue=5, pageStart=2177, pageEnd=2184, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=CHEN L, CHAO Y, LI X, journalName=Green Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN L, CHAO Y, LI X, et al. Engineering a tandem leaching system for the highly selective recycling of valuable metals from spent Li-ion batteries[J]. Green Chemistry, 2021, 23(5): 2177-2184., articleTitle=Engineering a tandem leaching system for the highly selective recycling of valuable metals from spent Li-ion batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081050135326887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=22, issue=13, pageStart=4210, pageEnd=4221, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=PEETERS N, BINNEMANS K, RIAÑO S, journalName=Green Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PEETERS N, BINNEMANS K, RIAÑO S. Solvometallurgical recovery of cobalt from lithium-ion battery cathode materials using deepeutectic solvents[J]. Green Chemistry, 2020, 22(13): 4210-4221., articleTitle=Solvometallurgical recovery of cobalt from lithium-ion battery cathode materials using deepeutectic solvents, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081050227601584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=102, issue=9, pageStart=5603, pageEnd=5612, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=PACHUTA K G, PENTZER E B, SEHIRLIOGLU A, journalName=Journal of the American Ceramic Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PACHUTA K G, PENTZER E B, SEHIRLIOGLU A. Cation deficiency associated with the chemical exfoliation of lithium cobalt oxide[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2019, 102(9): 5603-5612., articleTitle=Cation deficiency associated with the chemical exfoliation of lithium cobalt oxide, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081050324070587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=61, issue=24, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=CHANG X, FAN M, GU C F, journalName=Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHANG X, FAN M, GU C F, et al. Selective extraction of transition metals from spent LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 cathode via regulation of coordination environment[J]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2022, 61(24): e202202558., articleTitle=Selective extraction of transition metals from spent LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 cathode via regulation of coordination environment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241081050445705417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=188, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=ZHU A, BIAN X, HAN W, journalName=Resources, Conservation and Recycling, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHU A, BIAN X, HAN W, et al. The application of deep eutectic solvents in lithium-ion battery recycling: A comprehensive review[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2023, 188: 106690., articleTitle=The application of deep eutectic solvents in lithium-ion battery recycling: A comprehensive review, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241081046201070526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, awardId=2021JM-370, language=CN, fundingSource=陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2021JM-370), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241081037250425277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241081037258813885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, companyId=1241081037250425277, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, Shaanxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241081037271396799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, companyId=1241081037250425277, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=西安建筑科技大学,陕西 西安 710055)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241081042027737790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=wYG6oGVlICl5KBUSfrBjLA==, figureFileBig=+Y3hcv6HcGweWyxTwMWcNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081042149372618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, label=图1, caption=二元羧酸及对应DES产物的核磁共振氢谱, figureFileSmall=wYG6oGVlICl5KBUSfrBjLA==, figureFileBig=+Y3hcv6HcGweWyxTwMWcNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081043759985382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=d+fw8YBYwhEJmWoVBZCjtQ==, figureFileBig=wN/vrljYLS1HykeLfehzHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081043898397420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, label=图2, caption=DES热重曲线, figureFileSmall=d+fw8YBYwhEJmWoVBZCjtQ==, figureFileBig=wN/vrljYLS1HykeLfehzHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081044032615161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=R1887VCDjj0cnBYTlygBJQ==, figureFileBig=2sxP3RLzkO/H8/4OzLijtg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081044158444291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, label=图3, caption=DES黏度, figureFileSmall=R1887VCDjj0cnBYTlygBJQ==, figureFileBig=2sxP3RLzkO/H8/4OzLijtg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081044267496208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=MoJTsSAJqkhAX5zmy2k0kQ==, figureFileBig=Mxu0f/MxPs7Wi6RMNtFfqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081044372353816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, label=图4, caption=浸出时间对浸出率的影响, figureFileSmall=MoJTsSAJqkhAX5zmy2k0kQ==, figureFileBig=Mxu0f/MxPs7Wi6RMNtFfqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081044464628517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=LHI770O8r2NwjLwYTTxszA==, figureFileBig=P+bNO7ezCTA1gq+IiqvDAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081044577874735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, label=图5, caption=液固比对浸出率的影响, figureFileSmall=LHI770O8r2NwjLwYTTxszA==, figureFileBig=P+bNO7ezCTA1gq+IiqvDAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081044716286782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=DUbZLKctg6tz7hj6pcUqnA==, figureFileBig=V4uzJbtCP5z+zYCVbjgUEw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081044850504518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, label=图6, caption=浸出温度对浸出率的影响, figureFileSmall=DUbZLKctg6tz7hj6pcUqnA==, figureFileBig=V4uzJbtCP5z+zYCVbjgUEw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081044976333648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=151zRdTnfi5C5LF/GGntUQ==, figureFileBig=seVrXvjQm/qJLn5DFm9uWw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081045118939997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, label=图7, caption=LiCoO2及浸出渣的SEM图谱

(a1),(a2)LiCoO2原料;(b1),(b2)DES1浸出渣;(c1),(c2)DES2浸出渣;(d1),(d2)DES3浸出渣

, figureFileSmall=151zRdTnfi5C5LF/GGntUQ==, figureFileBig=seVrXvjQm/qJLn5DFm9uWw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081045261546343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=2rEdSimJmKoO5je8TLNgaQ==, figureFileBig=8ogwZgdlJ75RfFcQkQhunA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081045425124213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, label=图8, caption=LiCoO2及浸出渣的XRD图谱, figureFileSmall=2rEdSimJmKoO5je8TLNgaQ==, figureFileBig=8ogwZgdlJ75RfFcQkQhunA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081045538370432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=tM1nXVXwkNcrlbeul5+VHg==, figureFileBig=isiaWCRC2JfmUEvCcEc7HA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081045701948306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, label=图9, caption=DES及对应浸出液的红外吸收光谱, figureFileSmall=tM1nXVXwkNcrlbeul5+VHg==, figureFileBig=isiaWCRC2JfmUEvCcEc7HA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081045848748957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=rmPbM1Fk3E9AKAkulwB8qg==, figureFileBig=/5dJ6GKSA0XfEDm//F/WQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081045974578086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241081031646834759, language=CN, label=图10, caption=DES浸出液的紫外可见吸收光谱, figureFileSmall=rmPbM1Fk3E9AKAkulwB8qg==, figureFileBig=/5dJ6GKSA0XfEDm//F/WQw==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1235979682521329665, delFlag=0, nameCn=矿冶工程杂志, nameEn=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0253-6099, eissn=null, cn=43-1104/TD, coden=null, periodic=1, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=sIAtluqp1t366oKMF09POA==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1772610119708, updatedTime=1772610494020, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=sIAtluqp1t366oKMF09POA==, picEn=8lFm/e3VFuRPvwuEPHk4Qg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1235981252583551310, language=CN, name=矿冶工程杂志, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1772610494037, updatedTime=1772610494037, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.kygczz.com/Journalx_kygc/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.kygczz.com/Journalx_kygc/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.kygczz.com/Journalx_kygc/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1235981252633882959, language=EN, name=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1772610494049, updatedTime=1772610494049, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.kygczz.com/Journalx_kygc/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.kygczz.com/Journalx_kygc/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.kygczz.com/Journalx_kygc/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1235980550691926019, websiteList=[Website(id=1235982099019256290, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1235980550691926019, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/CN, language=CN, createTime=1772610695843, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1772610913564, updateBy=18614031015, name=矿冶工程杂志-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=矿冶工程杂志, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1235983631420805700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099019256290, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1772611061196, updateTime=1772611061196, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983631378862657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099019256290, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1772611061186, updateTime=1772611061186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983631441777223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099019256290, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1772611061201, updateTime=1772611061201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983631370474048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099019256290, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/CN/file/pic?fileId=seRpqoNiVtKzuWGeM8/PzA==, createTime=1772611061184, updateTime=1772611061184, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983631454360137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099019256290, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1772611061204, updateTime=1772611061204, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983631408222787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099019256290, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/CN/file/pic, createTime=1772611061193, updateTime=1772611061193, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983631445971528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099019256290, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1772611061202, updateTime=1772611061202, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983631387251266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099019256290, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1772611061188, updateTime=1772611061188, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983631429194309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099019256290, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1772611061198, updateTime=1772611061198, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983631433388614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099019256290, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1772611061199, updateTime=1772611061199, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1235982099262525932, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1235980550691926019, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/EN, language=EN, createTime=1772610695901, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1772610917908, updateBy=18614031015, name=矿冶工程杂志-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1235983658880913998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099262525932, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1772611067743, updateTime=1772611067743, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983658864136779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099262525932, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1772611067739, updateTime=1772611067739, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983658897691217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099262525932, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1772611067747, updateTime=1772611067747, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983658855748170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099262525932, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/EN/file/pic?fileId=seRpqoNiVtKzuWGeM8/PzA==, createTime=1772611067737, updateTime=1772611067737, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983658910274131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099262525932, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1772611067750, updateTime=1772611067750, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983658876719693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099262525932, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/EN/file/pic, createTime=1772611067742, updateTime=1772611067742, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983658901885522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099262525932, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1772611067748, updateTime=1772611067748, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983658872525388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099262525932, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1772611067741, updateTime=1772611067741, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983658889302607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099262525932, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1772611067745, updateTime=1772611067745, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1235983658893496912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1235982099262525932, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1772611067746, updateTime=1772611067746, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=矿冶工程杂志, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.kygczz.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, journalPhotoCn=sIAtluqp1t366oKMF09POA==, journalPhotoEn=8lFm/e3VFuRPvwuEPHk4Qg==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/CN/10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.021, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/EN/10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.021, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/CN/PDF/10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.021, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/EN/PDF/10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.021, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
二元羧酸低共熔溶剂浸出钴酸锂中金属元素的研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
邸思 , 何喜红
矿冶工程杂志 | 电池材料专题 2024,44(4): 109-114
收起
收藏切换
矿冶工程杂志 | 电池材料专题 2024, 44(4): 109-114
二元羧酸低共熔溶剂浸出钴酸锂中金属元素的研究
全屏
邸思 , 何喜红
作者信息
  • 西安建筑科技大学,陕西 西安 710055
  • 邸思(1997—),女,陕西汉中人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为废旧锂离子电池回收。E-mail:

通讯作者:

何喜红(1984—),男,宁夏固原人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为固体废弃物资源化。E-mail:
Leaching of Metal Elements from Lithium Cobalt Oxide with Dicarboxylic Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent
Si DI , Xihong HE
Affiliations
  • Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, Shaanxi, China
出版时间: 2024-08-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.021
文章导航
收藏切换

为绿色、高效回收废旧锂离子电池正极材料中的金属元素,以氯化胆碱为氢键受体,丙二酸、丁二酸、己二酸分别为氢键供体,合成了3种低共熔溶剂(DES);采用这3种DES浸出钴酸锂正极材料中的Co和Li,研究了浸出时间、液固比和温度对浸出率的影响,并对浸出渣的形貌和物相进行了表征;利用红外吸收光谱和紫外可见吸收光谱探究了浸出机理。结果表明:延长浸出时间、增加液固比、升高温度均有助于金属元素的浸出,适宜的浸出条件为:浸出时间300 min、液固比100 mL/g、温度110 ℃;3种DES中,丙二酸组成的DES具有更好的浸出性能,Co和Li浸出率都大于99%;3种DES浸出钴酸锂时,Co在浸出液中以正二价形态存在,配位构型为四面体。

低共熔溶剂  /  废旧锂离子电池  /  正极材料  /  浸出  /  钴酸锂  /  钴  /  锂  /  二元羧酸  /  机理

In order to recover metal elements from the cathode materials of spent Li-ion batteries in an environmentally friendly and efficient way, three deep eutectic solvents (DES) were synthesized with choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptor, malonic acid, succinic acid and adipate respectively as hydrogen bond donors. Then, Co and Li in the cathode materials of spent Li-ion batteries were leached by adopting these three DESs respectively. The effects of leaching time, liquid-solid ratio and reaction temperature on the leaching rates of Co and Li were explored, and the leaching residues were also characterized in terms of morphology and phase. The leaching mechanism was analyzed by FT-IR spectrum and UV-Vis absorption spectrum. It is shown that the leaching efficiency of metal elements can be enhanced by prolonging leaching time, increasing liquid-solid ratio and temperature. It is found that under the optimal conditions, including leaching time of 300 minutes, liquid-solid ratio of 100 mL/g, and temperature of 110 ℃, malonic acid-based DES, among those three kinds of DESs, can bring better leaching effect, with leaching rates of Co and Li all exceeding 99%. During the leaching of lithium cobalt oxide with those three DESs, Co exists in the form of bivalent in the leaching solution, and the coordination compound is in a tetrahedral structure.

deep eutectic solvent (DES)  /  spent Li-ion battery  /  cathode material  /  leaching  /  lithium cobalt oxide  /  cobalt  /  lithium  /  dicarboxylicacid  /  mechanism
邸思, 何喜红. 二元羧酸低共熔溶剂浸出钴酸锂中金属元素的研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2024 , 44 (4) : 109 -114 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.021
Si DI, Xihong HE. Leaching of Metal Elements from Lithium Cobalt Oxide with Dicarboxylic Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2024 , 44 (4) : 109 -114 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.021
随着新能源行业不断兴起,锂离子电池(LIBs)需求量不断增加,废旧LIBs数量急剧增加。废旧LIBs中含有Li、Co、Ni等多种有价金属;同时其电解液中含有致癌氟化物[1]。因此,从资源利用与环境保护的角度出发,必须有效回收废旧LIBs。目前湿法技术是回收废旧LIBs的主要方法[2],湿法技术中,浸出工序对金属的回收率起决定性影响,而浸出剂是决定浸出性能的关键。
低共熔溶剂(deep eutectic solvent,DES)是一种清洁有效的绿色溶剂,通常由氢键供体和氢键受体按一定物质的量比混合,通过氢键作用缔合形成。DES具有制备简便、毒性低、溶解性能好等优点[3],目前已有多种DES用于回收废旧LIBs,如醇类[4-7]、尿素类[8-9]、磺酸类[10-12]、羧酸类[13-16]和膦酸类[17-18]。其中,羧酸基DES的浸出条件较为温和,浸出率较高,并且羧酸原料丰富、价格低廉、种类繁多、便于调控,在浸出正极材料中具有良好发展潜力。目前,羧酸基DES中研究较多的是一元羧酸,而对二元羧酸的研究较少。本文以氯化胆碱(ChCl)为氢键受体,丙二酸、丁二酸和己二酸分别为氢键供体,合成了3种DES,研究其浸出钴酸锂正极材料的性能及机理。
试剂包括丙二酸(C3H4O4,分析纯,天津市大茂化学试剂厂)、丁二酸(C4H6O4,分析纯,天津市大茂化学试剂厂)、己二酸(C6H10O4,分析纯,天津市大茂化学试剂厂)、氯化胆碱(C5H14ClNO,98%,上海麦克林生化科技有限公司)、钴酸锂正极材料(LiCoO2,99.8%,上海麦克林生化科技有限公司)等。所有试剂均未纯化,直接使用。
实验仪器包括恒温磁力搅拌器(79-1,天津赛得利斯实验分析仪器制造厂)、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES,Optima 7300DV,Pekin-Elmer公司)、高速离心机(800B,金坛区西城新瑞仪器厂)等。
DES是由一定化学计量比的氢键受体和氢键供体组合而成的两组分或三组分低共熔混合物,其熔点显著低于各组分纯物质的熔点。
选取氯化胆碱(ChCl)为氢键受体,丙二酸、丁二酸、己二酸分别为氢键供体,按物质的量比1∶2混合,分别在80 ℃、130 ℃、130 ℃下加热搅拌,直至形成无色透明的液体,得到ChCl-丙二酸DES(DES1)、ChCl-丁二酸DES(DES2)和ChCl-己二酸DES(DES3)3种产物。DES1中氯化胆碱和丙二酸的质量分数分别为40.15%和59.85%;DES2中氯化胆碱和丁二酸的质量分数分别为37.15%和62.85%;DES3中氯化胆碱和己二酸的质量分数分别为32.33%和67.67%。
浸出实验在锥形玻璃瓶中进行。准确称取0.2 g LiCoO2,再量取一定体积的DES加入锥形玻璃瓶中,在恒温磁力搅拌器上油浴加热搅拌,每隔一段时间取样,用水稀释至一定倍数,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES,Optima 7300DV,Pekin-Elmer公司)测定浸出液中金属离子质量浓度,计算Li和Co的浸出率:
式中:EM为金属元素(Li、Co)的浸出率,%;ρM为浸出液中Li、Co的质量浓度,mg/L;V为浸出液体积,L;m0为LiCoO2的质量,mg;wM为LiCoO2中金属元素(Li、Co)的质量分数,%。
采用核磁共振氢谱仪(1H NMR,Burker 400M,瑞士Burker公司)测定DES及其各组分中氢的化学位移。采用数字旋转黏度计(LV-SSR,上海方瑞仪器有限公司)测定不同温度下DES的黏度。采用同步热分析仪(TGA/DSC3+-Nicolet iS50-TRACE 1300 ISQ 7000,瑞士-美国)测定DES的热稳定性。采用X射线衍射仪测定LiCoO2和浸出渣的物相,并采用扫描电子显微镜观察浸出渣的形貌。采用傅里叶全反射红外光谱仪(Nicolet Summit,美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司)测定浸出液红外吸收光谱。采用紫外可见分光光度计(UV-9000S,上海元析仪器有限公司)测定浸出液紫外-可见吸收光谱。
DES的形成涉及氢键,为此分别测定了丙二酸、丁二酸、己二酸和3种DES产物的核磁共振氢谱,结果如图1所示。丙二酸、丁二酸和己二酸分别在12.58×10-6、12.51×10-6、12.62×10-6处的峰为羧基上的氢。形成DES后,DES1和DES2中羧基氢的化学位移移动至12.63×10-6、12.61×10-6,其中DES1的移动更明显,表明COOH基团与ChCl中的Cl-相互作用较大,形成COOH…Cl的氢键较强。形成DES3后,羧基氢的峰不明显,可能是己二酸碳链较长,导致形成的COOH…Cl氢键较弱。由此看出,ChCl与二元羧酸混合后,羧酸氢的化学位移或强度发生变化,表明ChCl与二元羧酸之间形成了氢键。
为确定DES的分解温度,测定了DES的热重曲线,结果如图2所示。DES1在30~110 ℃范围内的质量损失约0.2%,这主要是水分蒸发所致;随着温度进一步升高,130 ℃时质量损失率快速增加,表明DES1在温度高于130 ℃时发生分解。DES2和DES3稳定性更好,温度低于220 ℃时,质量损失约0.5%,主要是因为水的蒸发;温度高于220 ℃后,DES2和DES3分解。因此,DES1、DES2、DES3浸出LiCoO2的温度应分别控制在130 ℃以下、220 ℃以下、220 ℃以下。
黏度是浸出剂的一种重要物化参数。DES黏度随温度的变化如图3所示。随着温度升高,3种DES黏度均减小,且在相同温度下,黏度从大到小排序为:DES3>DES2>DES1。由于实际浸出温度较高,可以保证DES在浸出时黏度较小,相比而言,丙二酸组成的DES1作为浸出剂时具有更大的优势。
DES浸出LiCoO2时,由于DES的组成恒定,可改变的实验条件为浸出时间、液固比和浸出温度。
在液固比100 mL/g、浸出温度110 ℃条件下,考察了浸出时间对DES浸出LiCoO2的影响,结果如图4所示。在反应的前150 min内,DES1对LiCoO2的浸出率随着浸出时间延长而快速增加,150~300 min,浸出率变化相对较慢,300 min后浸出率趋于平衡;在反应的前120 min内,DES2和DES3对LiCoO2的浸出率随浸出时间延长而快速增加,120~300 min,浸出率变化相对较慢,300 min后浸出率变化更慢。综合考虑,确定DES1、DES2、DES3适宜的浸出时间均为300 min。
浸出时间300 min、浸出温度110 ℃条件下,考察了液固比对DES浸出LiCoO2的影响,结果如图5所示。随着液固比增大,浸出率均升高。增大液固比,参与反应的DES总量增大,可以促使反应正向进行,浸出率提高。液固比小于100 mL/g时,3种DES的浸出率增加均较快;液固比大于100 mL/g后,DES1浸出率基本不变,DES2和DES3浸出率变化缓慢。综合考虑,确定3种DES适宜的浸出液固比均为100 mL/g。
浸出时间300 min、液固比100 mL/g条件下,考察了浸出温度对DES浸出LiCoO2的影响,结果如图6所示。随着浸出温度升高,浸出率均升高,表明升高温度可以促使反应进行,有利于LiCoO2的浸出。温度太高会导致DES1蒸发分解,而DES2和DES3在110 ℃以下时黏度太大,溶剂流动性差,浸出率低。综合考虑,确定3种DES的浸出温度均为110 ℃。
综上所述,确定DES浸出LiCoO2的优化条件为:浸出时间300 min、液固比100 mL/g、温度110 ℃。DES1在各条件下的浸出率都高于DES2和DES3,优化条件下DES1对Co和Li的浸出率都大于99%。并且,DES1的黏度是3种DES中最小的,丙二酸相对于丁二酸和己二酸来源更丰富,因此DES1是3种DES中综合性能最好的浸出剂。
LiCoO2及DES浸出渣的SEM图谱如图7所示。可以看出:与LiCoO2相比,浸出渣中小颗粒明显减少,颗粒表面变得粗糙。3种DES浸出渣中,DES1浸出渣颗粒腐蚀更严重,DES2和DES3浸出渣颗粒表面变化较小,这与浸出率的结果一致。
LiCoO2及DES浸出渣的XRD图谱如图8所示。可以看出:LiCoO2原料的特征峰与LiCoO2标准卡片(PDF#50-0653)一致。与LiCoO2原料相比,3种DES浸出渣的衍射峰略有变化。浸出渣在2θ=18.9°的峰向较低的角度轻微移动,这是羧酸中的H+与Li+进行交换,导致Li/Co物质的量比降低,形成H-LixCoO2[19]
3种DES及对应浸出液的红外光谱如图9所示。DES的主要吸收峰分别位于2 950 cm-1、1 720 cm-1和1 100 cm-1处,这3组吸收峰分别对应—OH伸缩振动、羧基伸缩振动和C—O伸缩振动的吸收峰。3种DES浸出LiCoO2后,浸出液的红外光谱相比于DES发生了明显变化,其中1 720 cm-1吸收峰都出现了一个肩峰,这是由于二元羧酸被氧化后生成了一元羧酸,如丙二酸被氧化后生成乙酸,一元羧酸的振动吸收峰在该位置出现了肩峰。1 570 cm-1处出现了一个新的吸收峰,为水分子的O—H弯曲振动吸收峰,这是由于二元羧酸被氧化后产物有水。除此之外,浸出液中C—O吸收峰浸出前后发生了红移,也是二元羧酸结构改变生成一元羧酸所致。由此可见,羧酸基DES浸出LiCoO2时,羧酸起到了还原的作用,LiCoO2中的Co(Ⅲ)被还原为Co(Ⅱ)。
3种DES浸出液的紫外可见吸收光谱如图10所示。可以看出,3种DES浸出液紫外可见吸收光谱相同,表明3种DES浸出液中Co的价态和配位构型相同。由于三价钴具有很强的氧化性,DES中的羧酸在浸出过程中可将其还原为正二价[20-21]。Co(Ⅱ)的电子构型为d7,可形成八面体和四面体两种类型的配合物,且两种配体的紫外可见吸收光谱不同。其中,四面体配合物的特征峰为三重峰[22],与图10图谱一致。表明3种羧酸类DES浸出LiCoO2时浸出液中Co(Ⅱ)的配位构型为四面体。
1)二元羧酸与ChCl组成的DES对LiCoO2正极材料具有较好的浸出能力,且羧酸碳链长度越短,黏度越低,浸出性能越好,即ChCl-丙二酸DES的综合性能更好。
2)DES浸出LiCoO2的适宜浸出条件为:浸出时间300 min、液固比100 mL/g、浸出温度110 ℃,在该工艺条件下,ChCl-丙二酸DES对LiCoO2中Co和Li浸出率都在99%以上。
3)3种DES浸出LiCoO2时,浸出液中的Co均以正二价形态存在,且Co(Ⅱ)的配位构型为四面体。
  • 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2021JM-370)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
刘雯雯. 钛酸锂废料回收制备电池级碳酸锂的工艺研究[J]. 矿冶工程, 2020, 40(4): 95-102.
[2]
NAYAKA G P, MANJANNA J, PAI K V, et al. Recovery of valuable metal ions from the spent lithium-ion battery using aqueous mixture of mild organic acids as alternative to mineral acids[J]. Hydrometallurgy, 2015, 151: 73-77.
[3]
WANG Z, LI S, LI T, et al. Deep eutectic solvents (dess) for green recycling of wasted lithium-ion batteries (libs): progress on pushing the overall efficiency[J]. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, 2022, 39(5): 2149-2165.
[4]
PEETERS N, JANSSENS K, DE VOS D, et al. Choline chloride-ethylene glycol based deep-eutectic solvents as lixiviants for cobalt recovery from lithium-ion battery cathode materials: are these solvents really green in high-temperature processes?[J]. Green Chem, 2022, 24(17): 6685-6695.
[5]
SCHIAVI P G, ALTIMARI P, BRANCHI M, et al. Selective recovery of cobalt from mixed lithium ion battery wastes using deep eutectic solvent[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021, 417: 129249.
[6]
TRAN M K, RODRIGUES M-T F, KATO K, et al. Deep eutectic solvents for cathode recycling of Li-ion batteries[J]. Nature Energy, 2019, 4(4): 339-345.
[7]
LUO Y, OU L, YIN C. A green and efficient combination process for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2023, 396: 126552.
[8]
WANG S, ZHANG Z, LU Z, et al. A novel method for screening deep eutectic solvent to recycle the cathode of Li-ion batteries[J]. Green Chemistry, 2020, 22(14): 4473-4482.
[9]
CHEN Y, LU Y, LIU Z, et al. Efficient dissolution of lithium-ion batteries cathode LiCoO2 by polyethylene glycol-based deep eutectic solvents at mild temperature[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2020, 8(31): 11713-11720.
[10]
ROLDÁN-RUIZ M J, FERRER M L, GUTIÉRREZ M C, et al. Highly efficient p-toluenesulfonic acid-based deep-eutectic solvents for cathode recycling of li-ion batteries[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2020, 8(14): 5437-5445.
[11]
CHEN Y, WANG Y, BAI Y, et al. Significant improvement in dissolving lithium-ion battery cathodes using novel deep eutectic solvents at low temperature[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2021, 9(38): 12940-12948.
[12]
TANG S, ZHANG M, GUO M. A novel deep-eutectic solvent with strong coordination ability and low viscosity for efficient extraction of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2022, 10(2): 975-985.
[13]
LU Q, CHEN L, LI X, et al. Sustainable and convenient recovery of valuable metals from spent li-ion batteries by a one-pot extraction process[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2021, 9(41): 13851-13861.
[14]
MA C, SVÄRD M, FORSBERG K. Recycling cathode material Li-Co1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2 by leaching with a deep eutectic solvent and metal recovery with antisolvent crystallization[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2022, 186: 106579.
[15]
LI H, CHEN N, LIU W, et al. A reusable deep eutectic solvent for the regeneration of Li and Co metals from spent lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2023, 966: 171517.
[16]
LUO Y, OU L, YIN C. Extraction of precious metals from used lithium-ion batteries by a natural deep eutectic solvent with synergistic effects[J]. Waste Management, 2023, 164: 1-8.
[17]
何喜红, 王薪尧, 崔雅茹, 等. 膦酸基低共熔溶剂浸出钴酸锂中的金属元素[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2022, 32(11): 3448-3455.
[18]
CHEN Y, LIU C, WANG Y, et al. Efficient recovery of valuable metals from lithium-ion battery cathodes using phytic acid-based deep eutectic solvents at a mild temperature[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2023, 37(7): 5361-5369.
[19]
CHEN L, CHAO Y, LI X, et al. Engineering a tandem leaching system for the highly selective recycling of valuable metals from spent Li-ion batteries[J]. Green Chemistry, 2021, 23(5): 2177-2184.
[20]
PEETERS N, BINNEMANS K, RIAÑO S. Solvometallurgical recovery of cobalt from lithium-ion battery cathode materials using deepeutectic solvents[J]. Green Chemistry, 2020, 22(13): 4210-4221.
[21]
PACHUTA K G, PENTZER E B, SEHIRLIOGLU A. Cation deficiency associated with the chemical exfoliation of lithium cobalt oxide[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2019, 102(9): 5603-5612.
[22]
CHANG X, FAN M, GU C F, et al. Selective extraction of transition metals from spent LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 cathode via regulation of coordination environment[J]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2022, 61(24): e202202558.
[23]
ZHU A, BIAN X, HAN W, et al. The application of deep eutectic solvents in lithium-ion battery recycling: A comprehensive review[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2023, 188: 106690.
2024年第44卷第4期
PDF下载
72
29
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.021
  • 接收时间:2024-02-28
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-08-01
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-28
基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2021JM-370)
作者信息
    西安建筑科技大学,陕西 西安 710055

通讯作者:

何喜红(1984—),男,宁夏固原人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为固体废弃物资源化。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/CN/10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.04.021
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏