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Article(id=1241064284554318463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241064275599479114, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.023, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1742832000000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773822383297, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1759248000000, pubDateStr=2025-10-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773822383297, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773822383297, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773822383297, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241064275599479114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2025', volume='45', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='201', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773822381162, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773822785847, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241065973038501946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241064275599479114, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241065973038501947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241064275599479114, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=131, endPage=135, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241064284936000162, articleId=1241064284554318463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Separation of Zinc from Sulfuric Acid Leachate by Extraction with P507, columnId=1236276106727321817, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=METALLURGY, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

An extraction system composed of P507 as the extractant and sulfonated kerosene as the diluent was used to separate zinc from a sulfuric acid leachate containing cobalt, manganese and zinc. The effects of key parameters on zinc separation efficiency were investigated, including the volume fraction of P507 in organic phase, saponification degree, pH value of feed, O/W ratio, reaction time, and reaction temperature. The results show that under the following optimal process conditions, including P507 at 20% by volume, saponification degree of 80%, feed pH of 5, O/W ratio of 1∶1, reaction time of 10 min and reaction temperature of 25 ℃, the extraction rate of Zn reaches 99.92%, while the extraction rates of Mn and Co are just 17.41% and 3.69%, respectively, presenting an excellent separation effect.

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以P507为萃取剂、磺化煤油为稀释剂组成萃取体系，从含钴锰锌的硫酸浸出液中分离锌，考察了有机相中P507体积分数、皂化度、料液pH值、水乳体积比、反应时间和反应温度对萃取分离锌效果的影响。结果表明，优化工艺条件为：P507体积分数20%、皂化度80%、料液pH值为5、水乳体积比1∶1、反应时间10 min、反应温度25 ℃，在此条件下，锌萃取率99.92%，锰萃取率17.41%，钴萃取率3.69%，分离效果良好。

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张力（1965—），男，辽宁沈阳人，博士，教授，主要研究方向为二次资源综合利用。E-mail：
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冯伟（1994—），男，内蒙古包头人，硕士，工程师，主要研究方向为湿法冶金。E-mail：

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冯伟（1994—），男，内蒙古包头人，硕士，工程师，主要研究方向为湿法冶金。E-mail：

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冯伟（1994—），男，内蒙古包头人，硕士，工程师，主要研究方向为湿法冶金。E-mail：

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Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering, 2018, 9(2): 19-24., articleTitle=Solvent extraction of Cu, Zn, Co from nickel sulphate solution applying P507, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241064304506622418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064284554318463, awardId=2021MS02027, language=CN, fundingSource=内蒙古自然科学基金(2021MS02027), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241064289079972789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064284554318463, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241064289096750009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064284554318463, companyId=1241064289079972789, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization, Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths, Baotou 014030, 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label=Table 1, caption=

Effect of volume fraction of P507 on distribution ratios of Zn, Mn and Co

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
P507体积分数/%萃取分配比
ZnMnCo
101.560.0780.027
20400.000.0790.030
30450.000.2260.031
40499.000.3370.036
50713.290.5110.109
), ArticleFig(id=1241064299918053778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064284554318463, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

P507体积分数对锌、锰、钴分配比的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
P507体积分数/%萃取分配比
ZnMnCo
101.560.0780.027
20400.000.0790.030
30450.000.2260.031
40499.000.3370.036
50713.290.5110.109
), ArticleFig(id=1241064300442341785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064284554318463, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Effect of saponification degree on distribution ratios of Zn, Mn and Co

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
皂化度/%萃取分配比
ZnMnCo
507.610.1610.039
6011.140.1690.027
7099.000.1840.046
80321.580.2000.057
90375.190.2840.065
), ArticleFig(id=1241064300777886111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064284554318463, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

皂化度对锌、锰、钴分配比的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
皂化度/%萃取分配比
ZnMnCo
507.610.1610.039
6011.140.1690.027
7099.000.1840.046
80321.580.2000.057
90375.190.2840.065
), ArticleFig(id=1241064302426247588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064284554318463, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Effect of feed pH on distribution ratios of Zn, Mn and Co

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
pH值萃取分配比
ZnMnCo
4.0177.570.0840.020
4.5293.120.1140.022
5.0475.190.1490.045
5.5908.090.2880.057
6.01 000.000.3670.157
), ArticleFig(id=1241064302845677995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064284554318463, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

料液pH值对锌、锰、钴分配比的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
pH值萃取分配比
ZnMnCo
4.0177.570.0840.020
4.5293.120.1140.022
5.0475.190.1490.045
5.5908.090.2880.057
6.01 000.000.3670.157
), ArticleFig(id=1241064303097336246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064284554318463, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Effect of O/W ratio on distribution ratios of Zn, Mn and Co

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水乳体积比萃取分配比
ZnMnCo
0.5　0.940.0210.006
1.0383.620.1140.020
1.52 998.500.3160.059
2.04 998.000.9030.141
2.512 497.501.3320.339
), ArticleFig(id=1241064303353188797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064284554318463, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

水乳体积比对锌、锰、钴分配比的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水乳体积比萃取分配比
ZnMnCo
0.5　0.940.0210.006
1.0383.620.1140.020
1.52 998.500.3160.059
2.04 998.000.9030.141
2.512 497.501.3320.339
), ArticleFig(id=1241064303772619201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064284554318463, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Experimental results of comprehensive conditions for extraction and separation of Zn

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号锌萃取率/%锰萃取率/%钴萃取率/%
199.9517.303.72
299.8917.453.69
399.9317.483.65
平均99.9217.413.69
), ArticleFig(id=1241064304074609093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064284554318463, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

萃取分离锌综合条件实验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号锌萃取率/%锰萃取率/%钴萃取率/%
199.9517.303.72
299.8917.453.69
399.9317.483.65
平均99.9217.413.69
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用P507从硫酸浸出液中萃取分离锌
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冯伟 1 , 梁小龙 1 , 马升峰 1 , 张力 2
矿冶工程杂志 | 冶金 2025,45(5): 131-135
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矿冶工程杂志 | 冶金 2025, 45(5): 131-135
用P507从硫酸浸出液中萃取分离锌
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冯伟1 , 梁小龙1, 马升峰1, 张力2
作者信息
  • 1.包头稀土研究院白云鄂博稀土资源研究与综合利用全国重点实验室，内蒙古　包头　014030
  • 2.东北大学　冶金学院，辽宁　沈阳　110819

    • 冯伟（1994—），男，内蒙古包头人，硕士，工程师，主要研究方向为湿法冶金。E-mail：

通讯作者:

张力（1965—），男，辽宁沈阳人，博士，教授，主要研究方向为二次资源综合利用。E-mail：
Separation of Zinc from Sulfuric Acid Leachate by Extraction with P507
Wei FENG1 , Xiaolong LIANG1, Shengfeng MA1, Li ZHANG2
Affiliations
  • 1.State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization, Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China
  • 2.School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
出版时间: 2025-10-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.023
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摘要
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以P507为萃取剂、磺化煤油为稀释剂组成萃取体系，从含钴锰锌的硫酸浸出液中分离锌，考察了有机相中P507体积分数、皂化度、料液pH值、水乳体积比、反应时间和反应温度对萃取分离锌效果的影响。结果表明，优化工艺条件为：P507体积分数20%、皂化度80%、料液pH值为5、水乳体积比1∶1、反应时间10 min、反应温度25 ℃，在此条件下，锌萃取率99.92%，锰萃取率17.41%，钴萃取率3.69%，分离效果良好。

硫酸浸出液  /  萃取  /  分离  /  锌  /  钴  /  锰  /  P507  /  磺化煤油

An extraction system composed of P507 as the extractant and sulfonated kerosene as the diluent was used to separate zinc from a sulfuric acid leachate containing cobalt, manganese and zinc. The effects of key parameters on zinc separation efficiency were investigated, including the volume fraction of P507 in organic phase, saponification degree, pH value of feed, O/W ratio, reaction time, and reaction temperature. The results show that under the following optimal process conditions, including P507 at 20% by volume, saponification degree of 80%, feed pH of 5, O/W ratio of 1∶1, reaction time of 10 min and reaction temperature of 25 ℃, the extraction rate of Zn reaches 99.92%, while the extraction rates of Mn and Co are just 17.41% and 3.69%, respectively, presenting an excellent separation effect.

sulfuric acid leachate  /  extraction  /  separation  /  zinc  /  cobalt  /  manganese  /  P507  /  sulfonated kerosene
冯伟, 梁小龙, 马升峰, 张力. 用P507从硫酸浸出液中萃取分离锌. 矿冶工程杂志, 2025 , 45 (5) : 131 -135 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.023
Wei FENG, Xiaolong LIANG, Shengfeng MA, Li ZHANG. Separation of Zinc from Sulfuric Acid Leachate by Extraction with P507[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2025 , 45 (5) : 131 -135 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.023
正文
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钴和锰是十分重要的金属元素，主要用于钢铁行业、航天航空领域和电池行业等[1-3]。从矿物中提取钴、锰，常采用硫酸浸出法，所得硫酸钴锰溶液中往往存在杂质，如钙、镁、锌及有机物等。这些杂质的存在会影响生产工序运行及产品性能，因此，对硫酸钴锰浸出液进行净化研究十分必要[4-7]。
从硫酸溶液中分离锌的方法主要分为化学沉淀法和溶剂萃取法两大类[8-10]。化学沉淀法是指在硫酸浸出液中加入某种金属将溶液中的锌离子置换出来，通过过滤操作从而达到分离锌的目的，但该法存在试剂消耗量大、分离不彻底等问题[11-13]。溶剂萃取法是比较成熟的方法，是指用萃取剂与稀释剂组成的萃取体系与硫酸钴锰溶液在一定条件下混合均匀后静置分层的方法，该方法具有成本低、流程短和可实现循环利用等优点[14-17]。
文献[18]采用钠皂化的P507萃取剂针对去除铁、砷、钙、镁后的硫酸镍溶液，萃取分离其中铜、锌、钴，经3级逆流萃取后，铜、锌、钴萃取率均达到90%以上，取得较好的萃取效果。本文以P507为萃取剂，研究萃取因素对锌、锰、钴的影响，获得较优实验条件，为从硫酸浸出液中分离锌提供技术依据。
1　实验
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1.1　实验原料、试剂与设备
实验原料为国内某钢铁企业提供的硫酸浸出液，其中Co、Mn、Zn质量浓度分别为50.03、44.02、11.51 g/L。
实验试剂萃取剂P507、稀释剂磺化煤油、氢氧化钠均为分析纯试剂。
实验设备包括恒温磁力搅拌器、pH计、电子分析天平、分液漏斗、试管等。
1.2　实验原理
萃取剂P507，又名2-乙基己基膦酸单（2-乙基己基）酯，是一种酸性萃取剂。P507萃取锌、锰、钴的顺序为：Zn2+>Mn2+>Co2+，P507会优先萃取锌，故用P507从硫酸浸出液中萃取分离锌是可行的。在P507与Zn2+、Mn2+、Co2+的萃取反应中，P507分子中—POOH上的H+被Zn2+、Mn2+、Co2+所取代，萃取方程式为：
1.3　实验方法
用量筒分别量取一定体积的萃取剂P507和稀释剂磺化煤油，分别倒入烧杯中，搅拌均匀后得到有机相，并对其进行皂化。量取适量的硫酸浸出液倒入皂化后的有机相中，将烧杯放入搅拌器中振荡一定时间。振荡完毕后，将溶液倒入分液漏斗中，待有机相和水相静置分层后，取萃余液进行分析。
锌、锰、钴萃取率和分配比计算方法如下：
式中：E为萃取率，%；D为萃取分配比；P0为初始锌、锰、钴元素质量浓度，g/L；Pt为萃余液中锌、锰、钴元素质量浓度，g/L；R为水乳体积比。
2　实验结果与讨论
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以P507为萃取剂，考察有机相中P507体积分数、皂化度、料液pH值、水乳体积比、反应时间和反应温度对萃取分离锌、钴、锰的影响。
2.1　有机相中P507体积分数对锌分离效果的影响
用P507和磺化煤油组成萃取体系，皂化度80%，调节料液pH值至5，水乳体积比1∶1，常温下在搅拌器中振荡10 min，P507体积分数对锌、锰、钴萃取率和分配比的影响分别如图1和表1所示。P507对料液中的杂质锌离子具有选择性萃取性能，随着有机相中P507体积分数增大，锌、钴和锰萃取率和分配比都呈现增大趋势，且P507对锌的萃取更明显。P507体积分数小于20%时，锌萃取率和分配比急剧增大，而钴、锰萃取率和分配比略有增大。P507体积分数20%时，锌萃取率为99.86%，锰萃取率为7.35%，钴萃取率为2.90%。P507体积分数20%～40%时，锌萃取率基本不变，锰萃取率开始大幅上升，表明P507对锌的萃取已接近饱和，剩余的P507开始萃取钴、锰。P507体积分数大于40%后，混合液黏度增大，有机相与水相的分相变得越来越困难。考虑到P507体积分数过大会造成萃取剂消耗增加、成本增大，钴和锰损失增大，确定有机相中较优的P507体积分数为20%。
2.2　皂化度对锌分离效果的影响
有机相中P507体积分数20%，其他条件不变，皂化度对锌、锰、钴萃取率和分配比的影响分别如图2和表2所示。随着皂化度增大，P507对杂质锌的萃取率和分配比增大，而锰、钴萃取率和分配比变化不明显。皂化度80%时，锌、锰、钴萃取率分别为99.69%、16.73%、5.42%。皂化度大于80%后，锌萃取率不再发生变化，分配比增大幅度不明显，锰萃取率增大，此时在分液漏斗中有机相和水相发生了乳化现象，混合液黏度增大，分液困难，使有机相的损耗增加，导致成本增大。如果P507和磺化煤油组成的萃取体系未经过皂化或皂化度很低，杂质锌萃取率低，这是因为未经过皂化或皂化度很低的有机相在与锌离子反应时，P507羟基上的H—会与锌离子交换，释放出的H+会抑制萃取反应的进行，从而导致萃取率低。综合考虑，确定皂化度为80%。
2.3　料液pH值对锌分离效果的影响
萃取体系皂化度80%，其他条件不变，料液pH值对锌、锰、钴萃取率和分配比的影响分别如图3和表3所示。随着料液pH值升高，锌萃取率基本保持在99%以上，而锌分配比随之增加。料液pH值为5时，锌、锰、钴萃取率分别为99.79%、13.00%、4.26%。料液pH值大于5后，锰和钴萃取率显著增大，同时在萃取过程中会产生乳化现象，造成两相分液困难和有机相的大量损耗。为避免锰、钴损失，确定适宜的料液pH值为5。
2.4　水乳体积比对锌分离效果的影响
料液pH值为5，其他条件不变，水乳体积比对锌、锰、钴萃取率和分配比的影响分别如图4和表4所示。随着水乳体积比增大，锌萃取率先增大后趋于稳定，锰和钴萃取率逐渐增大；不同水乳体积比下锌的分配比差别较大，表明水乳体积比对金属离子的萃取率影响显著。综合考虑，确定水乳体积比为1∶1。
2.5　反应时间对锌分离效果的影响
水乳体积比为1∶1，其他条件不变，反应时间对锌、锰、钴的萃取率的影响见图5。随着反应时间增加，锌、锰和钴萃取率变化甚微，表明实验范围内反应时间对锌、锰和钴的萃取率影响不大。反应时间10 min时，锌、锰、钴萃取率分别为99.95%、17.39%、3.75%。综合考虑，确定反应时间为10 min。
2.6　反应温度对锌分离效果的影响
反应时间10 min，其他条件不变，反应温度对锌、锰、钴萃取率的影响见图6。在实验范围内，随着反应温度提高，锌、锰、钴萃取率变化不大。反应温度25 ℃时，锌、锰、钴萃取率分别为99.95%、17.30%、3.72%。确定反应温度为25 ℃，即室温。
2.7　综合条件实验
通过单因素实验，得到较优工艺参数为：P507体积分数20%，皂化度80%，料液pH值5，水乳体积比1∶1，反应时间10 min，反应温度25 ℃。在该较优实验条件下进行3组综合实验，结果见表5。此条件下锌平均萃取率为99.92%，锰平均萃取率为17.41%，钴平均萃取率为3.69%。
3　结论
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在硫酸浸出液中萃取分离锌，选择P507为萃取剂、磺化煤油为稀释剂组成萃取体系，用氢氧化钠对萃取体系进行皂化，得到较优的工艺参数为：P507体积分数20%，皂化度80%，料液pH值5，水乳体积比1∶1，反应时间10 min，反应温度25 ℃，在此工艺条件下锌、锰、钴萃取率分别为99.92%、17.41%、3.69%。
基金
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  • 内蒙古自然科学基金(2021MS02027)
文献
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2025年第45卷第5期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.023
  • 接收时间：2025-03-25
  • 首发时间：2026-03-18
  • 出版时间：2025-10-01
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  • 收稿日期：2025-03-25
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内蒙古自然科学基金(2021MS02027)
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    1.包头稀土研究院白云鄂博稀土资源研究与综合利用全国重点实验室，内蒙古　包头　014030
    2.东北大学　冶金学院，辽宁　沈阳　110819

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张力（1965—），男，辽宁沈阳人，博士，教授，主要研究方向为二次资源综合利用。E-mail：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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