Article(id=1241064278782955905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241064275599479114, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.032, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1745856000000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-29, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773822381920, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1759248000000, pubDateStr=2025-10-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773822381920, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773822381920, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773822381920, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241064275599479114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2025', volume='45', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='201', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773822381162, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773822785847, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241065973038501946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241064275599479114, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241065973038501947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241064275599479114, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=181, endPage=185, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241064280250962358, articleId=1241064278782955905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Al Alloying and Microstructure Properties of 4Cr5MoVSi Die Steel, columnId=1236276108207902848, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=MATERIALS, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Influence of Al content on the microstructure, phases, hardness, tensile and impact properties of quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel was studied by using optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), tensile testing machine among other instruments. It is found martensite is formed in the quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel with Al content of 0-0.6% (mass fraction, the same below), while martensite plus δ ferrite are formed in the quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel with Al content of 1.2%-1.8%. Without adding Al or with an addition of 0.3%-1.8% Al, 4Cr5MoVSi die steel after quench and tempering has α-Fe and M7C3 formed as its main phases. The 4Cr5MoVSi die steel with an Al content of 0.3%-1.2% has its relatively small variation in its hardness after quenching and tempering; however, with Al content up to 1.8%, the quenched and tempered die steel has its hardness significantly reduced. It is concluded that an appropriate addition of Al is beneficial to improvement in the room-temperature tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact toughness of quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel; with an addition of 1.2% Al, the quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel can have higher hardness, strength, and impact toughness.

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采用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜、拉伸试验机等手段,研究了Al元素含量对淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢微观组织、物相、硬度、拉伸和冲击性能的影响。结果表明,Al含量为0~0.6%(质量分数,下同)的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的组织为马氏体,Al含量为1.2%~1.8%的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的组织为马氏体外+δ铁素体。未添加Al和添加0.3%~1.8%Al的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的物相主要为α-Fe和M7C3相。Al含量为0.3%~1.2%的淬火态、淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的硬度变化幅度较小,当Al元素含量增加至1.8%时,淬火态和淬回火态模具钢的硬度显著减小。加入适量的Al元素有助于提升淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的室温抗拉强度、断后伸长率和冲击韧性,添加1.2%Al元素的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢具有较高的硬度、抗拉强度和冲击韧性。

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刘校培(1983—),男,河南平顶山人,讲师,主要研究方向为机械工程材料。E-mail:

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刘校培(1983—),男,河南平顶山人,讲师,主要研究方向为机械工程材料。E-mail:

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刘校培(1983—),男,河南平顶山人,讲师,主要研究方向为机械工程材料。E-mail:

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language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Optical microstructures of quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel with different Al content, figureFileSmall=qiQGic4YqwslR43Sn5/zCA==, figureFileBig=Gjm3fd68UYP7J6jldZIawQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241064289851723786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064278782955905, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同Al含量淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的光学显微形貌, figureFileSmall=qiQGic4YqwslR43Sn5/zCA==, figureFileBig=Gjm3fd68UYP7J6jldZIawQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241064290099187752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064278782955905, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=XRD patterns of quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel with different Al content, figureFileSmall=qzcnVkSursjYkIaRLplmnw==, figureFileBig=5gDIxRzAVm2PVNxUH8fhLQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241064290225016882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064278782955905, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同Al含量的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的XRD图谱, figureFileSmall=qzcnVkSursjYkIaRLplmnw==, figureFileBig=5gDIxRzAVm2PVNxUH8fhLQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241064290359234621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064278782955905, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=SEM images of inclusions in quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel with different Al content, figureFileSmall=kAHcIZAwpYaiEYjgQVzYhw==, figureFileBig=OBO93+YhvtGiyieB7f4SFg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241064290539589702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064278782955905, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同Al含量的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢中夹杂物的扫描电镜显微形貌, figureFileSmall=kAHcIZAwpYaiEYjgQVzYhw==, figureFileBig=OBO93+YhvtGiyieB7f4SFg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241064290707361875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064278782955905, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=TEM images of quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel with different Al content, figureFileSmall=qdTTZqRK2HMsI042exIyNQ==, figureFileBig=gd3ZuMniT8QDQwlJaFMrvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241064290854162529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064278782955905, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同Al含量淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的透射电镜微观结构, figureFileSmall=qdTTZqRK2HMsI042exIyNQ==, figureFileBig=gd3ZuMniT8QDQwlJaFMrvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241064291042906220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064278782955905, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Chemical compositions of 4Cr5MoVSi die steel with different Al content

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
AlCSiMnPSCrMoVNFe
00.560.920.780.0100.0045.331.120.830.003余量
0.30.560.890.800.0090.0045.261.150.790.002余量
0.60.560.910.810.0110.0035.421.090.800.002余量
1.20.560.900.790.0100.0055.361.130.810.002余量
1.80.560.930.800.0090.0045.411.150.830.003余量
), ArticleFig(id=1241064291143569529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064278782955905, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同Al含量的4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的实测化学成分(质量分数)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
AlCSiMnPSCrMoVNFe
00.560.920.780.0100.0045.331.120.830.003余量
0.30.560.890.800.0090.0045.261.150.790.002余量
0.60.560.910.810.0110.0035.421.090.800.002余量
1.20.560.900.790.0100.0055.361.130.810.002余量
1.80.560.930.800.0090.0045.411.150.830.003余量
), ArticleFig(id=1241064291223261318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064278782955905, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Rockwell hardness, tensile and impact properties of quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel with different Al content

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Al含量/%硬度(HRC)抗拉强度/MPa断后伸长率/%冲击韧性/(J·cm-2)
淬火态淬回火态
064.261.89761.87.2
0.363.562.31 0122.78.6
0.663.162.41 0923.19.3
1.262.462.11 3145.610.5
1.853.854.38442.16.9
), ArticleFig(id=1241064291340701839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064278782955905, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同Al含量4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的洛氏硬度、拉伸性能和冲击性能

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Al含量/%硬度(HRC)抗拉强度/MPa断后伸长率/%冲击韧性/(J·cm-2)
淬火态淬回火态
064.261.89761.87.2
0.363.562.31 0122.78.6
0.663.162.41 0923.19.3
1.262.462.11 3145.610.5
1.853.854.38442.16.9
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4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的Al合金化与组织性能研究
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刘校培 1 , 徐慧 1 , 李攀 2 , 陈秋莉 1 , 魏政顺 1 , 郭晓光 3 , 卢志安 3
矿冶工程杂志 | 材料 2025,45(5): 181-185
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矿冶工程杂志 | 材料 2025, 45(5): 181-185
4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的Al合金化与组织性能研究
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刘校培1 , 徐慧1, 李攀2, 陈秋莉1, 魏政顺1, 郭晓光3, 卢志安3
作者信息
  • 1.河南机电职业学院,河南 郑州 451191
  • 2.河南职业技术学院,河南 郑州 450046
  • 3.郑州大学,河南 郑州 450001
  • 刘校培(1983—),男,河南平顶山人,讲师,主要研究方向为机械工程材料。E-mail:

Al Alloying and Microstructure Properties of 4Cr5MoVSi Die Steel
Xiaopei LIU1 , Hui XU1, Pan LI2, Qiuli CHEN1, Zhengshun WEI1, Xiaoguang GUO3, Zhi'an LU3
Affiliations
  • 1.Henan Mechanical and Electrical Vocational College, Zhengzhou 451191, Henan, China
  • 2.Henan Vocational and Technical College, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
  • 3.Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
出版时间: 2025-10-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.032
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采用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜、拉伸试验机等手段,研究了Al元素含量对淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢微观组织、物相、硬度、拉伸和冲击性能的影响。结果表明,Al含量为0~0.6%(质量分数,下同)的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的组织为马氏体,Al含量为1.2%~1.8%的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的组织为马氏体外+δ铁素体。未添加Al和添加0.3%~1.8%Al的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的物相主要为α-Fe和M7C3相。Al含量为0.3%~1.2%的淬火态、淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的硬度变化幅度较小,当Al元素含量增加至1.8%时,淬火态和淬回火态模具钢的硬度显著减小。加入适量的Al元素有助于提升淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的室温抗拉强度、断后伸长率和冲击韧性,添加1.2%Al元素的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢具有较高的硬度、抗拉强度和冲击韧性。

4Cr5MoVSi  /  模具钢  /  Al合金化  /  淬回火  /  显微组织  /  力学性能

Influence of Al content on the microstructure, phases, hardness, tensile and impact properties of quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel was studied by using optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), tensile testing machine among other instruments. It is found martensite is formed in the quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel with Al content of 0-0.6% (mass fraction, the same below), while martensite plus δ ferrite are formed in the quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel with Al content of 1.2%-1.8%. Without adding Al or with an addition of 0.3%-1.8% Al, 4Cr5MoVSi die steel after quench and tempering has α-Fe and M7C3 formed as its main phases. The 4Cr5MoVSi die steel with an Al content of 0.3%-1.2% has its relatively small variation in its hardness after quenching and tempering; however, with Al content up to 1.8%, the quenched and tempered die steel has its hardness significantly reduced. It is concluded that an appropriate addition of Al is beneficial to improvement in the room-temperature tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact toughness of quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel; with an addition of 1.2% Al, the quenched and tempered 4Cr5MoVSi die steel can have higher hardness, strength, and impact toughness.

4Cr5MoVSi  /  die steel  /  Al alloying  /  quenching and tempering  /  microstructure  /  mechanical property
刘校培, 徐慧, 李攀, 陈秋莉, 魏政顺, 郭晓光, 卢志安. 4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的Al合金化与组织性能研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2025 , 45 (5) : 181 -185 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.032
Xiaopei LIU, Hui XU, Pan LI, Qiuli CHEN, Zhengshun WEI, Xiaoguang GUO, Zhi'an LU. Al Alloying and Microstructure Properties of 4Cr5MoVSi Die Steel[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2025 , 45 (5) : 181 -185 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.032
4Cr5MoVSi模具钢作为一种热作模具钢,具有优异的淬透性、高温强度和耐磨性,广泛应用于压铸模、热锻模等领域[1]。然而,随着现代制造业对模具性能要求的不断提高,传统4Cr5MoVSi模具钢在硬度、强度和热疲劳性能等方面已难以满足日益严苛的工况需求[2-4],需要进一步通过成分设计、热处理工艺优化等手段提升其综合性能[5]。近年来,铝(Al)合金化作为一种有效的强韧化手段,在钢铁材料领域受到广泛关注,已有研究结果表明,添加适量Al元素可以细化晶粒、提高淬透性、改善高温强度和抗氧化性能[6]。然而,关于Al对4Cr5MoVSi模具钢组织与性能影响方面的研究仍相对匮乏,如4Cr5MoVSi模具钢中Al的适宜添加量,Al对4Cr5MoVSi模具钢微观组织演变以及强度、韧性、耐磨性、热疲劳性能等方面的影响机制仍需进一步探究[7-9]。针对上述问题,本文通过在4Cr5MoVSi模具钢中添加不同含量Al元素,考察Al含量对淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢微观组织、硬度、拉伸和冲击性能的影响,探求适宜的Al添加量并探讨其作用机理,以期为开发高性能Al合金化4Cr5MoVSi模具钢提供理论指导和技术支持。
实验材料包括商用4Cr5MoVSi模具钢和高纯Al锭(质量分数99.94%),采用砂型铸造的方法[10]浇铸制备不同Al含量(0、0.3%、0.6%、1.2%和1.8%,质量分数,下同)的4Cr5MoVSi模具钢。预先将原材料经过清洗、除油和烘干后置于中频感应炉中进行熔化,根据各元素烧损情况调整原料添加量,出炉前进行扒渣和脱氧处理,出炉温度为1 585 ℃,浇铸温度为1 540 ℃,浇铸完成后空冷至室温。不同Al含量4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的实测化学成分如表1所示。
将不同Al含量的4Cr5MoVSi模具钢铸锭加工成长×宽×高为150 mm×50 mm×30 mm的试件,置于ZMF-1700C型真空箱式炉中进行退火、淬火与回火热处理。预先将模具钢进行等温球化退火处理:随炉升温至870 ℃,保温2 h后随炉冷却至750 ℃,保温5 h,随炉冷却至510 ℃后空冷至室温;然后重新置于箱式炉中进行870 ℃/15 min预热+1 050 ℃/30 min淬火处理,油冷至室温后进行525 ℃/2 h的回火热处理,空冷至室温。
金相试样经过切割、打磨、抛光和腐蚀后,分别采用蔡司Axio Imager 2型金相显微镜和S-4800型扫描电子显微镜观察其显微组织;采用Smartlab SE型X射线衍射仪分析其物相组成;透射电镜试样经过切块、手工打磨(70 μm)、冲压、双喷离子减薄后,在日立HT7800透射电子显微镜上观察其微观结构;在Rockwell® 2000型洛氏硬度计上测试硬度,载荷50 g,保持载荷时间设定为15 s,取3点平均值作为结果;采用INSTRON 5500型拉伸试验机进行室温拉伸性能试验,拉伸速率为1 mm/min,5根试样去掉最大值和最小值后取平均值作为结果;在HIT450P型摆锤冲击试验机上进行无缺口(10 mm×10 mm×55 mm)室温冲击性能试验,取3根试样平均值作为结果。
图1为不同Al含量淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的扫描电镜显微形貌。Al含量0、0.3%和0.6%时,淬回火态模具钢的显微组织较为相似,主要由亮白色马氏体(合金元素含量较高)和黑灰色马氏体(合金元素含量较低)组成;Al含量增至1.2%时,淬回火态模具钢中除马氏体组织外,还新出现了块状/颗粒状δ铁素体;继续增加Al含量至1.8%时,淬回火态模具钢中δ铁素体尺寸和体积分数(32.6%)进一步增大。能谱分析结果表明,这些形状不规则的白色δ铁素体富Al、贫Cr,由于其具有高温稳定性,在淬回火热处理过程中无法消除而残留在模具钢基体中[11]
图2为不同Al含量淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的X射线衍射图谱。对比分析可知,Al含量0~1.8%的模具钢主要由α-Fe和M7C3相组成。可见,Al的添加并没有改变淬回火态模具钢的物相组成。
图3为不同Al含量淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢中夹杂物的扫描电镜显微形貌。在未添加Al元素的淬回火态模具钢的基体组织中可见条带状灰色夹杂物,能谱分析结果表明这些夹杂物主要含Mn、S、Al和O元素,结合文献[12]可知,这些夹杂物主要为MnS·Al2O3;加入0.3% Al后,淬回火态模具钢中灰色夹杂物数量减少,能谱分析结果与未添加Al时相似,夹杂物主要为MnS·Al2O3;加入0.6%Al后,淬回火态模具钢中灰色MnS·Al2O3夹杂物数量进一步减少,同时可见黑灰色颗粒状AlN夹杂;Al含量增至1.2%时,淬回火态模具钢中夹杂物数量明显减少,夹杂物类型不变;Al含量增至1.8%时,淬回火态模具钢中可见颗粒状AlN夹杂和类球形Al2O3夹杂,而MnS·Al2O3夹杂基本消失。可见,随着Al含量增加,模具钢中夹杂物逐渐从条带状MnS·Al2O3夹杂物演变为AlN夹杂和类球形Al2O3夹杂,含Al模具钢中夹杂物数量明显较未添加Al模具钢更少。
表2为不同Al含量4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的洛氏硬度、拉伸性能和冲击性能测试结果。
表2可知:
1)未添加Al元素的淬火态和淬回火态模具钢的硬度分别为64.2HRC和61.8HRC;Al含量从0.3%增至1.2%时,淬火态和淬回火态模具钢的硬度变化幅度较小,Al元素含量增至1.8%时,淬火态和淬回火态模具钢的硬度显著减小。这主要是因为模具钢中添加过量(1.8%)的Al会在模具钢中形成大量的具有高温稳定性的δ铁素体[13],在淬火与回火热处理过程中,这种δ铁素体难以消除并保留下来影响最终的力学性能(硬度、拉伸性能和冲击性能)[14]
2)未添加Al的模具钢抗拉强度和断后伸长率分别为976 MPa和1.8%;添加不同含量Al后,含Al模具钢的抗拉强度和断后伸长率均随着Al含量增加而先增后减,在Al元素含量1.2%时取得抗拉强度和断后伸长率最大值;继续增加Al含量至1.8%,模具钢的抗拉强度和断后伸长率明显减小。可见,加入Al可以一定程度提升淬回火态模具钢的抗拉强度和断后伸长率,但并不是Al含量越高越好,适宜的Al含量为1.2%。
3)随着Al含量增加,含Al模具钢的冲击韧性先增加后减小,Al含量1.2%时模具钢取得冲击韧性最大值(10.5 J/cm2)。
图4为不同Al含量淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的透射电镜微观结构。未添加Al的淬回火态模具钢的组织中可见板条马氏体、细小颗粒状和长条状碳化物,以及局部团聚状碳化物(碳化物尺寸为6~40 nm),能谱分析结果表明颗粒状碳化物富V,而长条状碳化物为M3C型碳化物;加入0.3% Al后,模具钢中颗粒状碳化物数量明显增多、尺寸有所减小,而长条状M3C型碳化物减少;继续增加Al含量至1.2%时,模具钢中颗粒状碳化物数量进一步增多、尺寸有所减小;当Al含量增至1.8%时,模具钢的马氏体/铁素体界面处出现了较多的长条状M3C型碳化物,而细小二次碳化物数量明显减少,这主要是因为M3C型碳化物的形成消耗了基体组织中以固溶形式存在的C、Mo、V等元素[15-16]
由上述试验结果可知,未添加Al的淬回火态模具钢中存在尺寸6~40 nm的颗粒状和长条状碳化物;加入0.3%~1.2%Al的淬回火态模具钢中存在大量尺寸细小、均匀分布的颗粒状富V碳化物;而Al含量达到1.8%时淬回火态模具钢中出现了较多的长条状M3C型碳化物,细小二次碳化物数量明显减少。由此可见,Al的加入可以改善淬回火态模具钢中二次碳化物析出,加入0.3%~1.2%Al的淬回火态模具钢中的析出强化效果相对更好[17],这主要是因为加入适量的Al可以降低C在奥氏体中的扩散速度并抑制热处理冷却过程中碳化物的长大和聚集[18-19],使碳化物更细小且分布更均匀。此外,Al含量0~0.6%的淬回火态模具钢的组织为马氏体,夹杂物数量较多,而1.2%Al的淬回火态模具钢的组织中除硬度和强度较高的马氏体外,还存在少量韧塑性较好的块状/颗粒状δ铁素体,夹杂物数量较少,因此1.2%Al的淬回火态模具钢同时具有较高的拉伸强度、断后伸长率和冲击韧性[20];如果Al含量过量(1.8%),大量形状不规则的白色δ铁素体的形成,以及铁素体/马氏体界面处粗大的长条状M3C型碳化物的出现,会显著降低淬回火态模具钢的硬度和强度。整体而言,Al含量1.2%时,淬回火态模具钢具有较高的硬度、抗拉强度和冲击韧性。
1)0~0.6% Al的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的组织为马氏体,1.2%~1.8%Al的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的组织为马氏体外+δ铁素体,1.8%Al的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢中形状不规则的δ铁素体体积分数进一步增大,达到32.6%。
2)0~1.8% Al的淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的物相主要为α-Fe和M7C3相,Al的添加并没有改变淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的物相组成。当Al含量从0.3%增至1.2%时,淬火态和淬回火态模具钢的硬度变化幅度较小,而当Al含量增至1.8%时,淬火态和淬回火态模具钢的硬度显著减小。
3)添加Al可以一定程度上提升淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的抗拉强度和断后伸长率,且随着Al含量增加,4Cr5MoVSi模具钢的冲击韧性先增加后减小,Al含量1.2%时淬回火态4Cr5MoVSi模具钢具有较高的硬度、抗拉强度和冲击韧性。
  • 河南省科技攻关项目(22102310255)
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.032
  • 接收时间:2025-04-29
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-10-01
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-29
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河南省科技攻关项目(22102310255)
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    1.河南机电职业学院,河南 郑州 451191
    2.河南职业技术学院,河南 郑州 450046
    3.郑州大学,河南 郑州 450001
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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