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Article(id=1241064276413174091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241064275599479114, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1745769600000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773822381356, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1759248000000, pubDateStr=2025-10-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773822381356, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773822381356, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773822381356, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241064275599479114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2025', volume='45', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='201', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773822381162, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773822785847, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241065973038501946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241064275599479114, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241065973038501947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1241064275599479114, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=8, endPage=13, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241064276727746896, articleId=1241064276413174091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Safety Evaluation of Tailings Pond Based on a Combination of Entropy Weight Method and Kriging Method, columnId=1236276106018484431, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=MINING, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Based on the causes of historical dam failure accidents in tailings ponds, a safety grade evaluation index system was built for tailings ponds. The correlation between safety evaluation indexes was demonstrated with Pearson correlation analysis method. An in-depth analysis was conducted for the distribution of sample data to confirm that the sample data met the requirements of the Kriging method for data distribution. Then, the weight of each safety evaluation index was calculated with entropy weight method. The two safety evaluation indexes with higher sensitivity were selected as the X-axis and Y-axis of the Kriging geostatistical model. A geostatistical model was established by using the Kriging method and was verified with empirical case data. The results show that the predicted safety grades of 12 groups of tailings pond data with known safety grades in the geostatistical model are completely consistent with the actual safety grades, which verifies the feasibility and high accuracy of this method.

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基于尾矿库历史溃坝原因，构建尾矿库安全等级评价指标体系，通过皮尔逊相关性分析法论证安全评价指标之间的相关性；对样本数据的分布进行深入分析，明确样本数据满足克里金法对数据分布的要求，运用熵值法计算得出各个安全评价指标的权重大小，选取敏感度较高的2个安全评价指标作为克里金法地统计模型的X轴和Y轴，建立克里金法地统计模型，并用实例数据对地统计模型进行验证。结果表明：12组已知安全等级的尾矿库数据在地统计模型中的预测安全等级与实际安全等级完全一致，验证了该方法的可行性和高准确率。

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刘传举（1988—），男，陕西渭南人，博士，副教授，主要从事矿山岩石力学与矿山工程方面研究。E-mail：
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李治国（2000—），男，四川成都人，硕士研究生，主要从事矿山安全方面研究。E-mail：

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李治国（2000—），男，四川成都人，硕士研究生，主要从事矿山安全方面研究。E-mail：

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李治国（2000—），男，四川成都人，硕士研究生，主要从事矿山安全方面研究。E-mail：

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Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2025, 45(1): 35-40., articleTitle=Safety risk assessment for underground mines based on combined weighting-TOPSIS, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241064299452486021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064276413174091, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=28, issue=3, pageStart=450, pageEnd=456, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=34, authorNames=高振兴, 郭进平, journalName=黄金科学技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高振兴, 郭进平. 基于熵值法—突变理论的尾矿库安全评价研究[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2020, 28(3): 450-456., articleTitle=基于熵值法—突变理论的尾矿库安全评价研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241064299674784140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064276413174091, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=28, issue=3, pageStart=450, pageEnd=456, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=35, authorNames=GAO Zhenxing, GUO Jinping, journalName=Gold Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GAO Zhenxing, GUO Jinping. Research on safety evaluation of tailings pond based on entropy method-catastrophe theory[J]. 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Grading standard and evaluation indexes for tailings pond

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安全等级滩顶与库水位高差/m浸润线高度/m干滩长度/m安全超高/m
Ⅰ级>5.0>9>150>1.5
Ⅱ级5.0～2.59～6150～1001.5～1.0
Ⅲ级2.5～1.06～3100～501.0～0.5
Ⅳ级<1.0<3<50<0.5
), ArticleFig(id=1241064289230967751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064276413174091, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

尾矿库指标分级标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
安全等级滩顶与库水位高差/m浸润线高度/m干滩长度/m安全超高/m
Ⅰ级>5.0>9>150>1.5
Ⅱ级5.0～2.59～6150～1001.5～1.0
Ⅲ级2.5～1.06～3100～501.0～0.5
Ⅳ级<1.0<3<50<0.5
), ArticleFig(id=1241064289331631061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064276413174091, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Pearson correlation analysis results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
评价指标相关性
滩顶与库水位高差浸润线高度干滩长度安全超高
滩顶与库水位高差1.000
浸润线高度0.1851.000
干滩长度0.6050.3131.000
安全超高0.0800.1580.0941.000
), ArticleFig(id=1241064289436488671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064276413174091, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

皮尔逊相关性分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
评价指标相关性
滩顶与库水位高差浸润线高度干滩长度安全超高
滩顶与库水位高差1.000
浸润线高度0.1851.000
干滩长度0.6050.3131.000
安全超高0.0800.1580.0941.000
), ArticleFig(id=1241064289545540589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064276413174091, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Part of raw data

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序号滩顶与库水位高差/m浸润线高度/m干滩长度/m安全超高/m安全等级
18.5022.04301.60Ⅰ
25.6037.02401.10Ⅱ
31.6042.02200.90Ⅲ
42.755.01000.25Ⅳ
︙
16411.2530.06002.25Ⅰ
1656.2540.02401.15Ⅱ
1661.8029.53001.70Ⅲ
), ArticleFig(id=1241064289642009594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064276413174091, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

部分原始数据

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号滩顶与库水位高差/m浸润线高度/m干滩长度/m安全超高/m安全等级
18.5022.04301.60Ⅰ
25.6037.02401.10Ⅱ
31.6042.02200.90Ⅲ
42.755.01000.25Ⅳ
︙
16411.2530.06002.25Ⅰ
1656.2540.02401.15Ⅱ
1661.8029.53001.70Ⅲ
), ArticleFig(id=1241064289809780741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064276413174091, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Practical data verification

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号ln（H滩-H水）ln（H超）实际等级预测等级
10.467-1.42144
20.686-1.71044
31.097-2.07044
40.558-0.23133
50.942-0.65333
61.684-1.54333
71.0780.38222
81.361-0.29422
92.119-1.31222
102.1120.87511
112.3150.53311
122.4560.04311
), ArticleFig(id=1241064289931415573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1241064276413174091, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

验证实例数据

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号ln（H滩-H水）ln（H超）实际等级预测等级
10.467-1.42144
20.686-1.71044
31.097-2.07044
40.558-0.23133
50.942-0.65333
61.684-1.54333
71.0780.38222
81.361-0.29422
92.119-1.31222
102.1120.87511
112.3150.53311
122.4560.04311
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基于熵值法-克里金法的尾矿库安全评价
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李治国 , 李治兴 , 叶志强 , 赵兴宇 , 刘传举
矿冶工程杂志 | 采矿 2025,45(5): 8-13
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矿冶工程杂志 | 采矿 2025, 45(5): 8-13
基于熵值法-克里金法的尾矿库安全评价
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李治国 , 李治兴, 叶志强, 赵兴宇, 刘传举
作者信息
  • 西南科技大学　环境与资源学院，四川　绵阳　621010

    • 李治国（2000—），男，四川成都人，硕士研究生，主要从事矿山安全方面研究。E-mail：

通讯作者:

刘传举（1988—），男，陕西渭南人，博士，副教授，主要从事矿山岩石力学与矿山工程方面研究。E-mail：
Safety Evaluation of Tailings Pond Based on a Combination of Entropy Weight Method and Kriging Method
Zhiguo LI , Zhixing LI, Zhiqiang YE, Xingyu ZHAO, Chuanju LIU
Affiliations
  • School of Environment and Resource, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
出版时间: 2025-10-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.002
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摘要
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基于尾矿库历史溃坝原因，构建尾矿库安全等级评价指标体系，通过皮尔逊相关性分析法论证安全评价指标之间的相关性；对样本数据的分布进行深入分析，明确样本数据满足克里金法对数据分布的要求，运用熵值法计算得出各个安全评价指标的权重大小，选取敏感度较高的2个安全评价指标作为克里金法地统计模型的X轴和Y轴，建立克里金法地统计模型，并用实例数据对地统计模型进行验证。结果表明：12组已知安全等级的尾矿库数据在地统计模型中的预测安全等级与实际安全等级完全一致，验证了该方法的可行性和高准确率。

尾矿库  /  溃坝  /  安全评价  /  克里金法  /  熵值法  /  地统计模型  /  皮尔逊相关性

Based on the causes of historical dam failure accidents in tailings ponds, a safety grade evaluation index system was built for tailings ponds. The correlation between safety evaluation indexes was demonstrated with Pearson correlation analysis method. An in-depth analysis was conducted for the distribution of sample data to confirm that the sample data met the requirements of the Kriging method for data distribution. Then, the weight of each safety evaluation index was calculated with entropy weight method. The two safety evaluation indexes with higher sensitivity were selected as the X-axis and Y-axis of the Kriging geostatistical model. A geostatistical model was established by using the Kriging method and was verified with empirical case data. The results show that the predicted safety grades of 12 groups of tailings pond data with known safety grades in the geostatistical model are completely consistent with the actual safety grades, which verifies the feasibility and high accuracy of this method.

tailings pond  /  dam failure  /  safety evaluation  /  Kriging method  /  entropy weight method  /  geostatistical model  /  Pearson correlation
李治国, 李治兴, 叶志强, 赵兴宇, 刘传举. 基于熵值法-克里金法的尾矿库安全评价. 矿冶工程杂志, 2025 , 45 (5) : 8 -13 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.002
Zhiguo LI, Zhixing LI, Zhiqiang YE, Xingyu ZHAO, Chuanju LIU. Safety Evaluation of Tailings Pond Based on a Combination of Entropy Weight Method and Kriging Method[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2025 , 45 (5) : 8 -13 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.002
正文
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经济发展离不开矿产资源的开发，矿产资源开采过程中会产生大量尾矿。尾矿在长期堆积中逐渐形成高势能的人造泥石流危险源[1]。一旦发生尾矿库安全事件，将会严重影响周围环境和下游居民的生活，尾矿库的安全评价越来越受到关注和重视。
国内外学者在尾矿库安全评价方面已取得了一系列研究成果[2-6]，运用的方法虽然能较好地评价尾矿库安全状态，但也存在不足：层次分析法通过构建层次结构确定指标的权重，但较依赖主观判断矩阵；模糊综合评价法在处理模糊指标时，其隶属函数的设定较依赖经验；机器学习模型需要大量训练数据，存在过拟合的风险。
克里金法广泛运用于地质统计中，是一种利用空间自相关性进行预测的空间插值方法[7]。克里金法通过已知原始数据估计无数据区域的数值，能最大限度地利用样点信息来确定未知样点的估计值，得出的结果为最优无偏估计[8]。与其他方法相比，克里金法能极大降低实际情况下相关参数的收集难度。克里金法在安全评价中也有初步运用[9-10]，在尾矿库安全评价方面鲜见报道。
本文选取滩顶与库水位高差、浸润线高度、干滩长度和安全超高作为评价指标，利用皮尔逊相关性分析法对选取指标进行分析，确定指标的相关性，对数据进行分析，掌握数据的分布状态，运用熵值法分析4个评价指标的权重，确定4个评价指标的敏感度，选择敏感度较高的2个评价指标作为克里金模型的X、Y轴，尾矿库具体评价等级作为克里金模型的Z轴，利用克里金法将尾矿库安全等级进行分类，并在二维图表中可视化。将所建模型代入工程实例数据进行可行性验证，从而为尾矿库的安全研究提供参考。
1　构建安全评价指标体系
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尾矿库溃坝的影响因素众多，尾矿库安全评价指标的选取是尾矿库稳定性等级预测过程中非常关键的一步。尾矿库溃坝的主要破坏形式有洪水漫顶、坝体失稳、渗透破坏等[11]。每种破坏形式都有其破坏因素，总结以往溃坝事故，以及查阅《尾矿库在线安全监测系统工程技术规范》（GB 51108—2015）、《尾矿库安全技术规程》（GB 39496—2020）等[12-13]，选择滩顶与库水位高差、安全超高、浸润线高度、干滩长度4个指标评价尾矿库，建立尾矿库指标分级标准，如表1所示。其中滩顶与库水位高差和安全超高是洪水漫顶的主要影响因素，浸润线高度是渗透破坏的主要影响因素，干滩长度是坝体失稳的主要影响因素；Ⅰ级为安全，Ⅱ级为一般危险，Ⅲ级为较危险，Ⅳ级为危险。
一般而言，评价指标之间存在一定的相关性，若指标间相关性较大，会影响结果的客观性和真实性，从而导致评价结果缺乏可行性。本文采用皮尔逊相关性分析法[14]分析4个指标之间的相关性，结果见表2。由表2可知，4个指标之间相关性较小，选择这4个指标作为尾矿库安全评价指标具有一定合理性。
2　克里金法原理
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2.1　克里金法的定义
克里金法通过对周围的测量值进行加权来得到预测值的位置，其原理与反距离权重法类似。具体表达式是由数据加权总和组成：
式中：s0为预测位置；N为测量值个数；λi为第i个位置处测量值的未知权重；Z（si）为第i个位置处的测量值。
式（1）中，权重由多个因素决定，其中包括测量点之间的距离、预测位置和测量点之间的空间整体分布。在克里金法中，权重系数的计算需要满足两个前提，其一是为Z（si）的无偏估计值，其二是和Z（si）差值的平方和最小。
2.2　二阶平稳性
在运用式（1）时，还需要满足一定条件，即假设区域的变化量遵循本征假设的同时还需要满足二阶平稳性假设。
本征假设中，区域变量的增量必须符合两个特定条件：①在研究范围内变量增量的数学期望为常数；②方差函数存在且只与滞后性有关。两个条件的公式为：
式中γ（h）为区域变化量在滞后距h时的变异函数。
二阶平稳性假设中，随机函数的期望值是常数m，两个随机变量的协方差仅取决于两者之间的方向和距离，而与具体位置无关：
式中c（h）为协方差函数。
2.3　半变异函数
半变异函数又称为变异函数、半方差函数[15]，用来描述区域变化量的空间变化特征与强度，定义为区域化变量增量平方的数学期望。
未知点被估值前，需完成以下步骤：①对样本数据进行统计分析；②计算空间样本半变异函数，在几种半变异函数模型中选择合适的模型进行拟合；③通过拟合半变异函数对预测点进行估值。克里金法中，半变异函数模型有指数函数模型、高斯函数模型、三角函数模型和球面函数模型等。选择合适的半变异函数模型，对准确求解块金值、偏基台值和变程有重要影响。
若半变异函数同时满足本征假设与二阶平稳性假设，则样本点的距离成为该函数的唯一影响因素，此时可得到半变异函数公式：
式中：N（h）为区域化变量样点集中距离为h的点对数量；γ*（h）为区域变量Z（x）的变异函数。
2.4　克里金法计算步骤
运用克里金法前，需确保数据基本服从正态分布，预测值的准确度随着数据量增大而增大。克里金法要求估值结果呈现线性特性，为此假设随机场具有各向同性且保持稳定。基于这些假设，利用协方差函数对未知点进行空间建模，并据此进行估值：
计算具体步骤如下。
1）计算已知点之间的相互距离。使用克里金法时需构建式（6）的矩阵，得到变差γij和γi0。
2）按照计算距离分组。对步骤1）得到的各点之间的相互距离进行排序分组，每组样本量尽量保持一致。
3）拟合变异函数γ*（h）。对步骤2）确定的每组样本数值计算其变异函数估计值，根据数值的变化趋势选择不同的变异函数理论模型进行数据拟合，然后确定模型的未知参数值，最后得出变异函数的表达式γ*（h）。
4）计算式（6）等式左右的数值，然后代入式（2），求出变差。
5）计算未知点的估计值。通过计算矩阵计算每个样本的权重系数，然后通过式（1）计算得到未知点的估计值。
6）交叉验证。从已知数据中取出一部分已知点作为预测点，被取出来的点不参与探索过程，而是作为验证数据，来检测验证模型预测是否准确。交叉验证可以得到已知点与预测点之间的误差，通过误差便可判断预测方法是否准确可行，判断内容包括平均误差、均方根误差、平均标准化误差、平均标准误差和均方根标准化误差等。
3　数据分布与敏感度分析
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3.1　数据分布范围分析
通过皮尔逊相关系数可知4个评价指标之间的相关性较小，具有相互独立性。为验证本文4个评价指标数据选取的合理性与可行性，结合参考文献[16]得到166组数据，部分数据如表3所示。
分析前对所有数据进行取对数处理，4个评价指标的数据分布状态见图1。其中H滩-H水为滩顶与库水位高差，H浸为浸润线高度，H干为干滩长度，H超为安全超高。从图1可以得出，数据的中位数均位于中心附近，说明大部分数据基本满足对称分布规律。数据中存在异常值，但数量较少，属于正常现象。4个评价指标的数据分布直方图见图2。可见4个评价指标的正态曲线基本对称，说明数据基本服从正态分布。虽浸润线高度这一评价指标数据存在轻微偏态，但相关科学研究表明，在数据样本足够多的情况下，随机样本基本符合或近似服从正态分布[17]。通过数据分析可知，4个评价指标的数据符合克里金法进行数据运算处理的基本原则。所以，本文利用克里金法进行尾矿库安全评价研究工作是科学的、合理的。
3.2　权重与敏感度分析
熵值法是一种判断某指标离散程度的数学方法，目前在各领域都得到了广泛应用。在信息论领域，熵是衡量信息不确定性的关键指标，能为多个指标综合评价提供理论基础[18]。熵值法是一种客观赋权的方法，计算依靠数据本身的离散性，可以避免传统专家打分法的主观性问题。熵值法中，某指标熵越小，表示该指标变异程度越大，提供的信息量越大，在综合评价中作用越大，所对应的权重也越大[19]。
对评价指标的敏感度分析有利于判断评价指标的重要性，敏感度更高的评价指标对整个评价结果的影响更大，在评价时需优先选取敏感度更高的评价指标。运用熵值法计算取得的权重饼状图如图3所示。由图3可知：滩顶与库水位高差、浸润线高度、干滩长度和安全超高对应的权重分别为0.283、0.102、0.282和0.333；其中安全超高所占权重最大，是敏感度最高的评价指标，说明在该尾矿库安全评价体系中最重要，其次依次为滩顶与库水位高差、干滩长度和浸润线高度。选择安全超高、滩顶与库水位高差作为克里金模型的Y轴、X轴。
4　克里金法的工程应用
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运用克里金法进行插值投影，投影的3个方向分别为X、Y、Z方向。其中X表示ln（H滩-H水），Y表示ln（H超），Z表示安全等级。在运用克里金法之前，绘制滩顶与库水位高差和安全超高的散点图，如图4所示，采用不同颜色表示不同安全等级。图4表达了滩顶与库水位高差和安全超高的位置关系，不同位置关系表示不同的安全等级。4个安全等级所占比例基本相同，从样本数据点的分布来看，随着X轴和Y轴数值增大，安全等级逐渐从Ⅳ级向Ⅰ级靠近。
在此基础上，建立克里金法地统计模型，如图5所示。4个等级的克里金法地统计模型可看作以坐标轴为中心的扇形区域被分割成的4个部分，从内层到外层分别为Ⅳ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅱ级和Ⅰ级，随着两个安全评价指标数值增大，安全等级整体有向Ⅰ级发展的趋势。若一个安全评价指标的数值过小，而另一个安全评价指标数值在逐渐增大，虽整体的安全等级朝Ⅰ级发展，但安全等级的整体评价仍处于较危险的状态。
在分析滩顶与库水位高差、安全超高和安全等级的具体走向趋势时，绘制了克里金法地统计模型剖面图，如图6所示。3个不同剖面方向代表3个指标间的变化关系。X剖面中，随着ln（H滩-H水）的值逐渐增大，安全等级由Ⅳ级向Ⅰ级发展；Y剖面中，随着ln（H超）的值逐渐增大，安全等级由Ⅳ级向Ⅰ级发展。
运用数据样本建立克里金法地统计模型后，为了验证克里金法地统计模型的可靠性，运用166组数据中未包含在模拟数据样本中的12组新数据[16]投影到克里金法地统计模型进行预测分类，验证实例数据详见表4，克里金法地统计模型预测结果如图7所示。从表4数据结构来看，两个安全评价指标数值在克里金法地统计模型中均匀分布，12组数据按照实际等级均分成4份，12组数据的预测等级与实际等级完全一致，验证的数据样本点落入了相应克里金法地统计模型等级范围内，预测准确率达到100%。通过克里金法建立的地统计模型在验证过程中取得了高准确率，说明本方法在尾矿库安全评价中有较好的可靠性和实用性。
5　结论
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1）克里金法是一种客观评价方法，本文建立的安全评价指标从客观因素中选取，选择滩顶与库水位高差、安全超高、浸润线高度和干滩长度作为安全评价指标，去除了人为因素的干扰，并给出了风险分级评价标准。运用皮尔逊相关性分析法对4个安全评价指标进行分析，证实4个安全评价指标相关性较小。
2）数据分布结果显示，数据基本服从正态分布，满足克里金法对数据的分布要求。对4个安全评价指标的敏感度进行分析，通过熵值法计算权重，证实安全超高、滩顶与库水位高差、干滩长度和浸润线高度这4个安全评价指标的敏感度依次降低，表明4个安全评价指标对尾矿库安全评价的影响程度依次减弱。
3）运用样本数据在ArcGIS中建立克里金法地统计模型，确定每个安全等级范围。采用12组已知安全等级数据进行验证，数据点均落入相应安全等级范围内，证实12组数据均预测准确，克里金法在尾矿库安全评价中有较好的可靠性。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金(52204156)
  • 四川省自然科学基金(2025ZNSFSC0419)
文献
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2025年第45卷第5期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.05.002
  • 接收时间：2025-04-28
  • 首发时间：2026-03-18
  • 出版时间：2025-10-01
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  • 收稿日期：2025-04-28
基金
国家自然科学基金(52204156)
四川省自然科学基金(2025ZNSFSC0419)
作者信息
    西南科技大学　环境与资源学院，四川　绵阳　621010

通讯作者:

刘传举（1988—），男，陕西渭南人，博士，副教授，主要从事矿山岩石力学与矿山工程方面研究。E-mail：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Number of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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