Article(id=1240648791758524934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1240648781595725960, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.05.024, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1711728000000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-30, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773723322095, onlineDateStr=2026-03-17, pubDate=1727712000000, pubDateStr=2024-10-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773723322095, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773723322095, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773723322095, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240648781595725960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2024', volume='44', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='184', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773723319672, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773824608750, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241073618831078097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1240648781595725960, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241073618831078098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1240648781595725960, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=119, endPage=123, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240648792131818018, articleId=1240648791758524934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Experimental Study on Pelletizing and Magnetization Roasting Process for Fine-Grained Specularite, columnId=1236276106727321817, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=METALLURGY, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

An experiment was carried out with a pelletizing and magnetization roasting process for fine-grained specularite to investigate the pelletizing process, as well as the roasting performance and effect of pellets in the process of magnetization roasting. The results show that by adopting a process of fine grinding and pelletizing followed by magnetization roasting with an additionally prepared reducing agent, under the condition of roasting at 810 ℃ for 60 min, and addition of charcoal at an amount of 2.5%, a concentrate grading 49.04% Fe at 76.99% recovery can be obtained. In comparison, with a process of direct pelletizing followed by 60 min magnetization roasting at 650 ℃ with additionally prepared reducing agent and addition of semi-coke at an amount of 3.0%, the concentrate grading 52.95% Fe at 85.07% recovery can be obtained. It is found that the processing technique consisting of direct pelletizing and magnetization roasting is simpler and can bring better processing indicators. It can provide a reference for on-site processing of fine-grained specularite by adopting magnetizing roasting.

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对细粒级镜铁矿进行造球-磁化焙烧工艺研究,考察造球工艺以及球团在磁化焙烧过程的焙烧性能及效果。结果表明:采用细磨造球-磁化焙烧工艺,还原剂外配,在焙烧温度810 ℃、焙烧时间60 min、煤粉用量2.5%条件下磁化焙烧,精矿铁品位49.04%、回收率76.99%;采用直接造球-磁化焙烧工艺,还原剂外配,在焙烧温度650 ℃、焙烧时间60 min、兰炭用量3.0%条件下磁化焙烧,可获得精矿铁品位52.95%、回收率85.07%的较好指标。直接造球-磁化焙烧工艺简单,可获得更好的选矿指标,为细粒级镜铁矿磁化焙烧现场应用提供依据。

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陈铁军(1973—),男,湖南株洲人,博士,教授,主要从事复杂铁矿分选、铁矿造块、固废综合利用方面的研究工作。E-mail:
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万军营(1992—),男,河南信阳人,博士后,主要研究方向为复杂铁矿分选、烧结球团、直接还原。E-mail:

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万军营(1992—),男,河南信阳人,博士后,主要研究方向为复杂铁矿分选、烧结球团、直接还原。E-mail:

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万军营(1992—),男,河南信阳人,博士后,主要研究方向为复杂铁矿分选、烧结球团、直接还原。E-mail:

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(a)煤粉外配;(b)煤粉内配

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粒径/mm质量分数/%
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镜铁矿粒度分析结果

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粒径/mm质量分数/%
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TFeFeOSiO2Al2O3CaOMgOSP烧损
28.695.9727.214.171.752.540.320.02910.57
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原矿化学多元素分析结果(质量分数)

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镜铁矿褐铁矿菱铁矿磁铁矿黄铁矿石英铁白云石云母其他
28.49.214.61.82.323.312.86.90.7
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镜铁矿矿物组成分析结果(质量分数)

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镜铁矿褐铁矿菱铁矿磁铁矿黄铁矿石英铁白云石云母其他
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-0.074 mm粒级占比/%单体解离度/%连生体/%
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原矿解离度分析结果

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还原剂名称工业分析结果(质量分数)/%热值/(MJ·kg-1
灰分挥发分固定碳
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镜铁矿磨矿细度对球团质量的影响

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膨润土用量对球团质量的影响

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细粒级镜铁矿造球-磁化焙烧试验研究
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万军营 1, 2 , 陈铁军 1, 2 , 周仙霖 1, 2 , 刘佳文 1, 2 , 姜翔波 1, 2 , 庄骏 1, 2
矿冶工程杂志 | 冶金 2024,44(5): 119-123
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矿冶工程杂志 | 冶金 2024, 44(5): 119-123
细粒级镜铁矿造球-磁化焙烧试验研究
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万军营1, 2 , 陈铁军1, 2 , 周仙霖1, 2, 刘佳文1, 2, 姜翔波1, 2, 庄骏1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.武汉科技大学 资源与环境工程学院,湖北 武汉 430081
  • 2.冶金矿产资源高效利用与造块湖北省重点试验室,湖北 武汉 430081
  • 万军营(1992—),男,河南信阳人,博士后,主要研究方向为复杂铁矿分选、烧结球团、直接还原。E-mail:

通讯作者:

陈铁军(1973—),男,湖南株洲人,博士,教授,主要从事复杂铁矿分选、铁矿造块、固废综合利用方面的研究工作。E-mail:
Experimental Study on Pelletizing and Magnetization Roasting Process for Fine-Grained Specularite
Junying WAN1, 2 , Tiejun CHEN1, 2 , Xianlin ZHOU1, 2, Jiawen LIU1, 2, Xiangbo JIANG1, 2, Jun ZHUANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, China
  • 2.Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, China
出版时间: 2024-10-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.05.024
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对细粒级镜铁矿进行造球-磁化焙烧工艺研究,考察造球工艺以及球团在磁化焙烧过程的焙烧性能及效果。结果表明:采用细磨造球-磁化焙烧工艺,还原剂外配,在焙烧温度810 ℃、焙烧时间60 min、煤粉用量2.5%条件下磁化焙烧,精矿铁品位49.04%、回收率76.99%;采用直接造球-磁化焙烧工艺,还原剂外配,在焙烧温度650 ℃、焙烧时间60 min、兰炭用量3.0%条件下磁化焙烧,可获得精矿铁品位52.95%、回收率85.07%的较好指标。直接造球-磁化焙烧工艺简单,可获得更好的选矿指标,为细粒级镜铁矿磁化焙烧现场应用提供依据。

镜铁矿  /  造球  /  磁化焙烧  /  磁选  /  铁矿资源

An experiment was carried out with a pelletizing and magnetization roasting process for fine-grained specularite to investigate the pelletizing process, as well as the roasting performance and effect of pellets in the process of magnetization roasting. The results show that by adopting a process of fine grinding and pelletizing followed by magnetization roasting with an additionally prepared reducing agent, under the condition of roasting at 810 ℃ for 60 min, and addition of charcoal at an amount of 2.5%, a concentrate grading 49.04% Fe at 76.99% recovery can be obtained. In comparison, with a process of direct pelletizing followed by 60 min magnetization roasting at 650 ℃ with additionally prepared reducing agent and addition of semi-coke at an amount of 3.0%, the concentrate grading 52.95% Fe at 85.07% recovery can be obtained. It is found that the processing technique consisting of direct pelletizing and magnetization roasting is simpler and can bring better processing indicators. It can provide a reference for on-site processing of fine-grained specularite by adopting magnetizing roasting.

specularite  /  pelletizing  /  magnetization roasting  /  magnetic separation  /  iron ore resource
万军营, 陈铁军, 周仙霖, 刘佳文, 姜翔波, 庄骏. 细粒级镜铁矿造球-磁化焙烧试验研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2024 , 44 (5) : 119 -123 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.05.024
Junying WAN, Tiejun CHEN, Xianlin ZHOU, Jiawen LIU, Xiangbo JIANG, Jun ZHUANG. Experimental Study on Pelletizing and Magnetization Roasting Process for Fine-Grained Specularite[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2024 , 44 (5) : 119 -123 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.05.024
2015年以来,我国铁矿石对外依存度超过80%[1],2022年进口铁矿石11.07亿吨,过度依赖境外资源供应对国家经济安全已构成严重威胁[2]。工信部2021年初发布的《关于推动钢铁工业高质量发展的指导意见》中明确将铁矿资源作为紧缺战略性矿产。当前,迫切需要依靠技术进步来最大限度地利用国内现有铁矿资源[3]。镜铁山式铁矿是一种难选贫铁矿石[4],某钢企年产0~15 mm镜铁矿粉矿400万吨,其中0~1 mm细粒级占比为33%,TFe品位28%~31%,常规强磁选工艺选别指标不佳,精矿铁品位47%~49%,回收率约67%,导致尾矿品位高,资源浪费严重[5]
镜铁矿矿石中铁矿物主要为镜铁矿、镁菱铁矿和褐铁矿,脉石矿物主要为碧玉、重晶石、铁白云石和石英,矿体围岩为千枚岩,具有矿石品位低(平均TFe品位33%左右)、结晶颗粒细(一般0.02~0.5 mm)、脉石中含铁高、菱铁矿中镁锰夹杂较高等特点,是我国难选铁矿石之一,被称之为“镜铁山式”难选氧化铁矿[6],常规物理选矿指标较差。回转窑磁化焙烧是处理此类矿石的有效方法[7],但回转窑生产过程中存在回转窑结圈、焙烧矿不均匀、窑内气氛难控制、配煤高、细粒级损失大等问题[8],尤其是细粒级矿石不能直接入回转窑磁化焙烧,需要造球后才能进行磁化焙烧[9]
本文针对细粒级镜铁矿造球-磁化焙烧进行工艺参数优化,详细考察0~1 mm细粒级镜铁矿造球工艺参数以及球团在磁化焙烧过程的焙烧性能,得出适宜的工艺参数范围及工艺优化措施,为细粒级镜铁矿磁化焙烧分选现场应用提供依据。
某细粒级镜铁矿粒度组成和元素分析结果分别见表1表2。细粒级镜铁矿中粉末较多,其中-0.047 mm粒级占比39.15%。镜铁矿含有多种元素,其中TFe品位28.69%,属于贫铁矿。
镜铁矿矿物组成分析结果如表3所示。该矿中主要含铁矿物为镜铁矿,其次为菱铁矿和褐铁矿,磁铁矿与黄铁矿含量较少。镜下鉴定可见主要金属矿物为镜铁矿、针铁矿(褐铁矿)、菱铁矿、磁铁矿、黄铁矿等,为选矿回收的主要有用矿物。脉石矿物主要为碧玉(铁质浸染的石英)、石英、铁白云石。
为了分析微细粒嵌布的镜铁矿对原矿单体解离的影响,同时也为了得到合理的磨矿制度,进行了解离度分析计算,结果见表4。从表4可知,当原矿磨至-0.074 mm粒级占85%时,单体解离度为67.7%;即使磨至-0.074 mm粒级占90%,单体解离度也仅75.6%。而且镜下发现细粒含铁矿物与脉石呈弯曲复杂连生,或以微细多包裹体形式存在,因此含铁矿物很难充分单体解离。
试验以烟煤和兰炭为磁化焙烧固体还原剂,其基本特性分析结果如表5所示。由表5可知,烟煤挥发分较高,较高的挥发分能提高反应体系内还原气体浓度,有利于还原反应的进行。
试验用膨润土粒度较细,-0.074 mm粒级占比92.3%,含水量(质量分数)9.9%,胶质价223.9%/mL,膨胀容8.0 mL/g,其中蒙脱石质量分数70.93%。
首先对镜铁矿进行球磨,将球磨后的镜铁矿与球磨后的固体还原剂均匀混合,采用圆盘造球机进行造球,测定生球落下强度、抗压强度及爆裂温度;生球(105±5)℃干燥后,测定成品干球的耐磨性能。随机称取10~15 mm干球团装入铁罐,待马弗炉升到设定温度后,迅速将铁罐放入炉内,关上炉门并开始计时,待焙烧结束,快速将铁罐内的焙烧样水淬急冷,经过滤烘干,闭路破碎至0~1 mm,备用。在磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占85%、磁场强度0.12 T、矿浆质量分数20%条件下进行磁选,获得精矿和尾矿。对球磨后的焙烧矿和磁选精矿分别进行磁化率测试。
试验设备包括HLXPS-Φ250×150辊式破碎筛分机、XMQ-Φ240×90锥形球磨机、Φ800无动力刮刀圆盘造球机、101-4电热鼓风恒温干燥箱、SX2-10-15马弗炉、HLDL-5C盘式真空抽滤机、XZM-100振动研磨机和CXG-99磁选管等。
外配煤粉,在膨润土用量2%、造球混合料水分8%、造球时间16 min条件下,不同镜铁矿磨矿细度制备的球团性能见表6图1。随着镜铁矿磨矿细度变细,生球抗压强度变化不大,落下强度先上升后下降,在镜铁矿磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占85%时,-0.45 mm粒级干球耐磨性能很差,生球爆裂温度较高,说明球团综合性能较好。
外配煤粉,在造球水分8%、造球时间16 min、磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占85%条件下,考察了膨润土用量(对镜铁矿的质量分数)对球团性能的影响,结果如表7图2所示。随着膨润土用量由0增加到3%,生球抗压强度变化不大,均在17 N/个左右,落下强度由5.7次/(0.5 m)增加到12.4次/(0.5 m),生球爆裂温度由283 ℃提高到461 ℃;干球耐磨性能明显提高,-0.45 mm粒级干球转鼓指数由84.61%降到5.32%,说明球团性能可以保持。膨润土用量2%时,球团已经达到较好的指标。
煤粉内配时,需要探究煤粉加入对造球过程的影响。将煤粉先磨至-0.074 mm粒级占85%左右,与-0.074 mm粒级占85%左右的细磨镜铁矿混合均匀后进行造球,在膨润土用量2%、造球水分8%、造球时间16 min条件下,考察了煤粉用量(对镜铁矿的质量分数)对球团性能的影响,结果如表8图3所示。随着煤粉用量由0增加到3%,生球抗压强度变化不大,均在18 N/个左右,落下强度稍有降低,由12.4次/(0.5 m)降到8.9次/(0.5 m),生球爆裂温度稳定在423~444 ℃;干球耐磨性能明显降低,-0.45 mm粒级干球转鼓指数由12.84%增至41.86%。煤粉用量2%时,生球强度和干球耐磨性能降低的幅度相对较小。
结合前期造球试验,确定磁化焙烧-磁选试验所用球团的造球条件为:镜铁矿磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占85%,膨润土用量2%,混合料水分8%,造球时间16 min。
焙烧温度对焙烧速率有重要影响,也对物质的转化具有关键作用[10]。在焙烧时间60 min、煤粉用量2%、煤粉粒度0~1 mm、煤粉外配和煤粉内配条件下,焙烧温度对磁化效果和选别指标的影响如图4所示。由图4可知,随着焙烧温度升高,精矿品位明显下降,回收率先上升后下降。煤粉外配时,Fe回收率在780 ℃时达到最高,为80.34%,此时铁品位为46.82%;焙烧温度810 ℃时,铁品位达到49.14%、回收率为70.18%;从磁化率可以看出,温度高于810 ℃时,铁矿物发生过还原反应,生成了无磁性的浮氏体,影响选别指标[11]。煤粉内配时,焙烧矿更容易出现过还原现象,但整体焙烧效果与煤粉外配无明显区别,无论煤粉内配还是煤粉外配,该条件下都可以获得适宜磁化率的焙烧矿试样;从选矿指标可以看出,煤粉内配时精矿产率高,但品位更低。确定采用煤粉外配,焙烧温度810 ℃。
煤粉外配,焙烧温度810 ℃、煤粉用量2%、煤粉粒度0~1 mm条件下,焙烧时间对磁化效果和选别指标的影响如图5所示。由图5可知,随着焙烧时间延长,精矿品位增加,回收率呈降低趋势,焙烧时间60 min时,铁品位达到49.14%,回收率70.18%。适宜的焙烧时间为60 min。
煤粉外配,焙烧温度810 ℃、焙烧时间60 min、煤粉粒度0~1 mm条件下,进行了煤粉用量试验,结果如图6所示。由图6可知,对于外配煤粉,随着煤粉用量从1.0%增加到3.5%,精矿品位及回收率变化不明显;从焙烧矿磁化率来看,煤粉用量2.5%时,焙烧矿磁化效果较好,能得到TFe品位49.04%、回收率76.99%的铁精矿。
由于0~1 mm镜铁矿粉矿细粒级粉末较多,其-0.047 mm粒级占比达到39.15%,-0.074 mm粒级占比为47%,直接进入回转窑磁化焙烧会导致易于结圈等一系列问题,但细粒级颗粒较多又有利于物料造球;同时鉴于细磨镜铁矿造球工艺对精矿品位的不利影响,对镜铁矿直接造球-磁化焙烧工艺进行了研究,试验中均不添加膨润土造球。
煤粉外配,焙烧时间60 min、煤粉用量3.0%、煤粉粒度0~1 mm条件下,考察了焙烧温度对磁化效果和选别指标的影响,结果如图7所示。由图7可知,采用细粒级镜铁矿直接造球-磁化焙烧工艺,以煤粉为还原剂,焙烧温度650 ℃时,可获得铁精矿TFe品位52.20%、回收率76.15%的指标,焙烧矿磁化率较高,说明还原程度降低;焙烧温度750 ℃时,未出现过还原,但此时精矿指标不太理想。
兰炭外配,焙烧时间60 min、兰炭用量3.0%、兰炭粒度0~1 mm条件下,考察了焙烧温度对磁化效果和选别指标的影响,结果如图8所示。由图8可知,采用细粒级镜铁矿直接造球-磁化焙烧工艺,焙烧温度650 ℃、以兰炭为还原剂,可获得铁精矿TFe品位52.95%、回收率85.07%的较好综合指标,且焙烧矿磁化率随着焙烧温度升高而降低,焙烧温度超过750 ℃时出现过还原,且随着焙烧温度增加,精矿品位趋于下降。
1)细粒级镜铁矿适宜造球条件为:磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占85%,膨润土用量2%,混合料水分8%。生球指标为:抗压强度17 N/个、落下强度12次/(0.5 m),爆裂温度444 ℃,干球耐磨性能较好。
2)采用细粒级镜铁矿细磨造球-磁化焙烧工艺流程,宜采用还原剂外配方式,在焙烧温度810 ℃、焙烧时间60 min、煤粉用量2.5%条件下,可获较佳的铁精矿指标:TFe品位49.04%,回收率76.99%。
3)采用细粒级镜铁矿直接造球-磁化焙烧工艺流程,采用还原剂外配的方式,在焙烧温度650 ℃、焙烧时间60 min、外配兰炭3.0%条件下,可获得铁精矿TFe品位52.95%、回收率85.07%的较好指标。
4)相比于细磨造球-磁化焙烧工艺,直接造球-磁化焙烧工艺更简单易行,可获得更好的选矿综合指标,且兰炭作还原剂时试验结果优于煤粉作还原剂。
  • 湖北省重点研发计划项目(2022BCA062)
  • 中冶长天科研开发基础研究基金项目(2023JCYJ05)
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2024年第44卷第5期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.05.024
  • 接收时间:2024-03-30
  • 首发时间:2026-03-17
  • 出版时间:2024-10-01
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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-30
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湖北省重点研发计划项目(2022BCA062)
中冶长天科研开发基础研究基金项目(2023JCYJ05)
作者信息
    1.武汉科技大学 资源与环境工程学院,湖北 武汉 430081
    2.冶金矿产资源高效利用与造块湖北省重点试验室,湖北 武汉 430081

通讯作者:

陈铁军(1973—),男,湖南株洲人,博士,教授,主要从事复杂铁矿分选、铁矿造块、固废综合利用方面的研究工作。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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