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Article(id=1240631877523001568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1240631872800215183, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.01.007, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1725552000000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773719289426, onlineDateStr=2026-03-17, pubDate=1738339200000, pubDateStr=2025-02-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773719289426, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773719289426, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773719289426, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240631872800215183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2025', volume='45', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='187', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773719288300, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773724138257, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240652215052989235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1240631872800215183, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240652215052989236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1240631872800215183, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=41, endPage=45, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240631878034706665, articleId=1240631877523001568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Optimization of Beneficiation Technique for Complex Copper-Sulfur Ore at High Altitude, columnId=1236276106932842717, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=MINERAL PROCESSING, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

A beneficiation flowsheet comprised of two stages of roughing for copper-sulfur bulk flotation, bulk concentrate regrinding and Cu/S separation was adopted for optimization of beneficiation technique for a high-altitude copper ore. By applying asynchronous flotation for Cu-S bulk flotation and using KMY-1, a copper collector with good selectivity for Cu/S separation, efficient recovery of refractory copper minerals with microfine-grained dissemination can be actualized. A laboratory closed-circuit test finally produced a copper concentrate grading 23.06% Cu at 78.29% recovery, up by 2.92 percentage points and 9.59 percentage points correspondingly compared to the copper concentrate yielded from the on-site processing flow.

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采用两段铜硫混合浮选-粗精矿再磨-铜硫分离工艺对某高海拔铜矿进行了选矿工艺优化试验研究。两段铜硫混合浮选采用异步浮选方法，使用对铜选择性好的KMY-1铜捕收剂进行铜硫分离，可高效回收微细粒级嵌布难选铜矿物。小型闭路试验获得了铜品位23.06%、铜回收率78.29%的铜精矿，比现场生产流程得到的铜精矿铜品位和铜回收率分别提高了2.92百分点和9.59百分点。

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张晶（1985—），女，湖北应城人，硕士，正高级工程师，主要从事选矿工艺及药剂研发工作。E-mail：
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刘玫华（1983—），女，广西桂平人，硕士，工程师，主要从事多金属选矿工艺优化及药剂研发工作。E-mail：

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2.有色金属强化冶金新技术全国重点实验室，云南　昆明　650031
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刘玫华（1983—），女，广西桂平人，硕士，工程师，主要从事多金属选矿工艺优化及药剂研发工作。E-mail：

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刘玫华（1983—），女，广西桂平人，硕士，工程师，主要从事多金属选矿工艺优化及药剂研发工作。E-mail：

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2.有色金属强化冶金新技术全国重点实验室，云南　昆明　650031
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Mining Research and Development, 2019, 39(3): 10-14., articleTitle=Study on high efficiency separation technology of low-grade fine grained copper mine in Xiaosigou, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240651365828055417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=20, authorNames=肖策环, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=肖策环. 微细粒黄铜矿表面特性与可浮性关系研究[D]. 赣州: 江西理工大学, 2016., articleTitle=微细粒黄铜矿表面特性与可浮性关系研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240651365920330108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=21, authorNames=XIAO Cehuan, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIAO Cehuan. 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Experimental study on beneficiation of a high sulfur molybdenum-bearing skarn copper ore[J]. 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caption=Experimental result of the first stage grinding fineness, figureFileSmall=t6Ecdk3QDOLwmofaLHA6Ow==, figureFileBig=IeX7VgzW2Q0HlUA656Ptqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240651357921792907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=CN, label=图2, caption=一段磨矿细度试验结果, figureFileSmall=t6Ecdk3QDOLwmofaLHA6Ow==, figureFileBig=IeX7VgzW2Q0HlUA656Ptqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240651358030844820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effect of quicklime dosage on copper flotation index, figureFileSmall=Kbga13vCfFqjwLbw9Lx0YQ==, figureFileBig=mT8UUOlXqCnnYk93DBet8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240651358123119521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=CN, label=图3, caption=生石灰用量对铜选别的影响, figureFileSmall=Kbga13vCfFqjwLbw9Lx0YQ==, 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caption=Flowchart for regrinding test, figureFileSmall=LewH3dqKa6ut3yk3r3QXwQ==, figureFileBig=f8t1Er+133QhhFjoCgTrWg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240651359192667127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=CN, label=图7, caption=再磨细度试验流程, figureFileSmall=LewH3dqKa6ut3yk3r3QXwQ==, figureFileBig=f8t1Er+133QhhFjoCgTrWg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240651359289136125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Effect of regrinding fineness on Cu/S separation, figureFileSmall=BA5Z9BkA5s3a1sRS/bTfsA==, figureFileBig=UmM3hjdZNncIlpU3LtIW/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240651359393992712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=CN, label=图8, caption=再磨细度对铜硫分离效果的影响, figureFileSmall=BA5Z9BkA5s3a1sRS/bTfsA==, figureFileBig=UmM3hjdZNncIlpU3LtIW/Q==, tableContent=null), 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language=CN, label=图10, caption=本文推荐流程, figureFileSmall=Sb+dEvM+UDxP+09/B42dsA==, figureFileBig=DQcehJV8HcGxf4OueF7IOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240651359993778240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Main chemical element analysis results of ore sample

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CuAg1）MoAsZnFeMgOFS
0.599.30.015<0.100.119.6411.130.373.56
), ArticleFig(id=1240651360132190284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

矿样化学多元素分析结果（质量分数）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CuAg1）MoAsZnFeMgOFS
0.599.30.015<0.100.119.6411.130.373.56
), ArticleFig(id=1240651360274796628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Analysis results of mineral composition of ore sample

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
黄铁矿黄铜矿辉铜矿石英绿泥石云母滑石
11.521.040.2528.004.2515.0517.85
蛇纹石透闪石透辉石勃姆石钾长石其他合计
4.227.881.311.252.514.87100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1240651360434180188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

矿样矿物组成分析结果（质量分数）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
黄铁矿黄铜矿辉铜矿石英绿泥石云母滑石
11.521.040.2528.004.2515.0517.85
蛇纹石透闪石透辉石勃姆石钾长石其他合计
4.227.881.311.252.514.87100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1240651360539037798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Analysis results of chemical phase of copper

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
铜物相铜质量分数/%分布率/%
游离氧化铜0.0183.05
结合氧化铜0.0132.20
次生硫化铜0.2033.84
原生硫化铜0.3660.91
合计0.59100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1240651360664866927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

铜化学物相分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
铜物相铜质量分数/%分布率/%
游离氧化铜0.0183.05
结合氧化铜0.0132.20
次生硫化铜0.2033.84
原生硫化铜0.3660.91
合计0.59100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1240651360778113145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Analysis results of disseminated size of chalcopyrite and chalcocite in raw ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
粒级/μm正累计分布率/%
黄铜矿辉铜矿
+3005.61—
-300+2128.86—
-212+15019.61—
-150+7443.268.42
-74+3869.0236.88
-38+1986.9774.86
-19+9.696.0894.02
-9.6100.00100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1240651360903942274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

原矿中黄铜矿、辉铜矿嵌布粒度分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
粒级/μm正累计分布率/%
黄铜矿辉铜矿
+3005.61—
-300+2128.86—
-212+15019.61—
-150+7443.268.42
-74+3869.0236.88
-38+1986.9774.86
-19+9.696.0894.02
-9.6100.00100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1240651361017188491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Effect of different collectors in Cu/S separation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
捕收剂种类铜品位/%铜回收率/%
丁铵黑药10.5565.54
KMY-115.3161.18
Z2009.0160.08
Y8912.4665.79
乙硫氮10.4562.80
), ArticleFig(id=1240651361113657494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

铜硫分离捕收剂种类试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
捕收剂种类铜品位/%铜回收率/%
丁铵黑药10.5565.54
KMY-115.3161.18
Z2009.0160.08
Y8912.4665.79
乙硫氮10.4562.80
), ArticleFig(id=1240651361235292318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Effect of quicklime dosage on Cu/S separation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
生石灰用量/（g·t-1）pH值铜品位/%铜回收率/%
50088.5565.54
1 000915.3161.18
2 0001025.0160.08
2 5001220.4655.79
), ArticleFig(id=1240651361365315750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

铜硫分离粗选生石灰用量试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
生石灰用量/（g·t-1）pH值铜品位/%铜回收率/%
50088.5565.54
1 000915.3161.18
2 0001025.0160.08
2 5001220.4655.79
), ArticleFig(id=1240651361486950575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Test results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
流程名称产品名称产率/%铜品位/%铜回收率/%
现场生产流程铜精矿1.9920.1468.70
尾矿181.930.1419.83
尾矿216.080.4211.47
原矿100.000.58100.00
本文推荐流程铜精矿2.0523.0678.29
尾矿169.710.1011.64
尾矿228.240.2210.07
原矿100.000.60100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1240651361596002488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631877523001568, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
流程名称产品名称产率/%铜品位/%铜回收率/%
现场生产流程铜精矿1.9920.1468.70
尾矿181.930.1419.83
尾矿216.080.4211.47
原矿100.000.58100.00
本文推荐流程铜精矿2.0523.0678.29
尾矿169.710.1011.64
尾矿228.240.2210.07
原矿100.000.60100.00
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某高海拔复杂铜硫矿选矿工艺优化试验研究
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刘玫华 1, 2, 3 , 简胜 1, 2, 3 , 吴海军 4 , 张晶 1, 2, 3 , 杨东 4 , 刘朝兴 4
矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2025,45(1): 41-45
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矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2025, 45(1): 41-45
某高海拔复杂铜硫矿选矿工艺优化试验研究
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刘玫华1, 2, 3 , 简胜1, 2, 3, 吴海军4, 张晶1, 2, 3 , 杨东4, 刘朝兴4
作者信息
  • 1.昆明冶金研究院有限公司，云南　昆明　650031
  • 2.有色金属强化冶金新技术全国重点实验室，云南　昆明　650031
  • 3.云南省选冶新技术重点实验室，云南　昆明　650031
  • 4.中铝秘鲁矿业公司，秘鲁　利马　15001

    • 刘玫华（1983—），女，广西桂平人，硕士，工程师，主要从事多金属选矿工艺优化及药剂研发工作。E-mail：

通讯作者:

张晶（1985—），女，湖北应城人，硕士，正高级工程师，主要从事选矿工艺及药剂研发工作。E-mail：
Optimization of Beneficiation Technique for Complex Copper-Sulfur Ore at High Altitude
Meihua LIU1, 2, 3 , Sheng JIAN1, 2, 3, Haijun WU4, Jing ZHANG1, 2, 3 , Dong YANG4, Chaoxing LIU4
Affiliations
  • 1.Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Kunming 650031, Yunnan, China
  • 2.State Key Laboratory of New Technologies for Enhanced Metallurgy of Non-ferrous Metals, Kunming 650031, Yunnan, China
  • 3.Yunnan Key Laboratory for New Technologies of Beneficiation and Metallurgy, Kunming 650031, Yunnan, China
  • 4.Chinalco Peru Mining Co., Ltd., Lima 15001, Peru
出版时间: 2025-02-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.01.007
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摘要
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采用两段铜硫混合浮选-粗精矿再磨-铜硫分离工艺对某高海拔铜矿进行了选矿工艺优化试验研究。两段铜硫混合浮选采用异步浮选方法，使用对铜选择性好的KMY-1铜捕收剂进行铜硫分离，可高效回收微细粒级嵌布难选铜矿物。小型闭路试验获得了铜品位23.06%、铜回收率78.29%的铜精矿，比现场生产流程得到的铜精矿铜品位和铜回收率分别提高了2.92百分点和9.59百分点。

铜硫矿  /  次生铜  /  异步浮选  /  混合浮选  /  铜捕收剂  /  铜精矿  /  工艺优化  /  铜硫分离

A beneficiation flowsheet comprised of two stages of roughing for copper-sulfur bulk flotation, bulk concentrate regrinding and Cu/S separation was adopted for optimization of beneficiation technique for a high-altitude copper ore. By applying asynchronous flotation for Cu-S bulk flotation and using KMY-1, a copper collector with good selectivity for Cu/S separation, efficient recovery of refractory copper minerals with microfine-grained dissemination can be actualized. A laboratory closed-circuit test finally produced a copper concentrate grading 23.06% Cu at 78.29% recovery, up by 2.92 percentage points and 9.59 percentage points correspondingly compared to the copper concentrate yielded from the on-site processing flow.

copper-sulfur ore  /  secondary copper  /  asynchronous flotation  /  bulk flotation  /  copper collector  /  copper concentrate  /  process optimization  /  Cu/S separation
刘玫华, 简胜, 吴海军, 张晶, 杨东, 刘朝兴. 某高海拔复杂铜硫矿选矿工艺优化试验研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2025 , 45 (1) : 41 -45 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.01.007
Meihua LIU, Sheng JIAN, Haijun WU, Jing ZHANG, Dong YANG, Chaoxing LIU. Optimization of Beneficiation Technique for Complex Copper-Sulfur Ore at High Altitude[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2025 , 45 (1) : 41 -45 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.01.007
正文
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铜矿是我国急需的战略性矿产资源之一。尽管我国铜矿资源丰富，但对外依存度高达75%[1-2]。某高海拔铜矿矿产产状复杂，矿带连续性差，蚀变类型多样，矿物组成复杂，选矿厂浮选生产指标波动较大，铜回收率低。为改善该矿生产指标，尽可能提高此类矿石综合回收率，本文对该矿开展了工艺优化实验室试验研究。
1　矿石性质
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矿样化学多元素分析结果见表1，矿物组成分析结果见表2。矿样中Cu、Fe、S品位分别为0.59%、9.64%、3.56%，Ag品位9.3 g/t；铜以黄铜矿为主，铁以黄铁矿为主；矿石中有价元素主要为Cu，可综合伴生回收银；脉石矿物主要为石英、云母、滑石、透闪石、绿泥石等。
矿样铜化学物相分析结果见表3。铜以原生硫化铜和次生硫化铜为主。铜氧化率为5.25%，结合表2数据可知，氧化铜矿物主要是硫化矿物表面氧化，会对铜矿物浮选速率产生影响；同时矿浆中溶解的铜离子会促进黄铁矿上浮，导致铜硫分离困难。
矿石中黄铜矿和辉铜矿的嵌布粒度分析结果见表4。结果表明，黄铜矿和辉铜矿嵌布粒度均较细，磨矿细度不够时均不能很好解离。
2　试验结果与讨论
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工艺矿物学研究结果表明，该铜矿矿物组成复杂，含有大量黄铁矿，微细粒黄铁矿与铜矿物连生，矿样存在表面氧化现象。拟采用两段粗选-粗精矿再磨-铜硫分离工艺进行试验。
2.1　一段磨矿细度对铜选别的影响
磨矿细度对浮选指标影响很大。浮选浓度30%、浮选机搅拌速度1 992 r/min、充气量0.4 m3/h，按照图1所示流程，在捕收剂异戊基黄药用量50 g/t、醇类起泡剂HCCl用量40 g/t、生石灰用量1000 g/t条件下进行了一段磨矿细度试验，结果见图2。由图2可知，随着一段磨矿细度增加，粗精矿铜品位逐步增加；磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占比大于70%后，粗精矿铜品位小幅下降；随着磨矿细度增加，铜回收率逐步提升，磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占比大于65%后，铜回收率稍有下降。考虑能耗和磨矿系统的处理能力，一段磨矿细度选择-0.074 mm占65%为宜。
2.2　生石灰用量对铜选别的影响
在矿浆中添加生石灰既能调节矿浆pH值使其利于铜硫矿物上浮，也可中和沉淀杂质离子，减少重金属离子对浮选的不良影响[3-4]。按照图1所示流程，在磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占65%、铜硫捕收剂异戊基黄药用量50 g/t、起泡剂HCCl用量40 g/t条件下，进行了生石灰用量试验，结果见图3。由图3可知，随着生石灰用量增加，粗精矿铜品位和铜回收率均先提升后逐步降低，表明少量添加生石灰可提高硫化铜矿物的疏水作用，提高泡沫稳定性，强化铜矿物在气泡上的吸附，提高铜矿物回收率。生石灰用量太大，泡沫黏度增加，泡沫夹带现象严重，导致脉石矿物上浮较多，精矿铜品位下降，同时部分硫矿物在高碱度环境下受到抑制，造成嵌布其中的铜矿物无法回收，铜回收率降低。粗选生石灰用量1 000 g/t为宜，此时矿浆pH值7～8，精矿铜品位2.34%、铜回收率81.46%。
2.3　Na2S用量对铜选别的影响
表面氧化的铜硫矿物不易上浮，故使用异步浮选法[5-7]，粗选1添加捕收剂和起泡剂让易浮和浮游速度快的铜硫矿物先上浮，粗选2添加Na2S让表面氧化、可浮性下降的氧化铜矿物和浮游速度慢的铜矿物后上浮，更利于提高铜回收率。按照图4所示流程，在磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占65%、生石灰用量1 000 g/t、粗选1+粗选2铜硫捕收剂异戊基黄药用量（50+20）g/t、起泡剂HCCl用量（40+20）g/t条件下，进行了Na2S用量试验，结果见图5。结果表明，添加Na2S有利于提高铜回收率，随着Na2S用量增加，粗精矿铜回收率提高，Na2S用量大于200 g/t后，铜回收率提升幅度减少。粗选2适宜的Na2S用量为200 g/t。
2.4　捕收剂用量对铜选别的影响
按照图4所示流程，粗选2的Na2S用量200 g/t，其他条件不变，进行了捕收剂异戊基黄药用量试验，结果见图6。随着异戊基黄药用量增加，精矿铜回收率逐步提高，粗选1异戊基黄药用量大于50 g/t后，铜回收率提高幅度收窄。粗选1+粗选2捕收剂异戊基黄药用量（50+20）g/t为宜。
2.5　再磨细度对铜硫分离效果的影响
再磨细度太粗，铜矿物未能从黄铁矿及脉石矿物中解离，铜品质势必会下降；再磨细度太细，也会造成微细粒级铜损失，同时微细粒脉石会附着罩盖在铜矿物表面，影响铜矿物上浮[8-11]。铜硫分离再磨细度试验流程见图7，使用昆明冶金研究院有限公司自主研发的药剂KMY-1作为铜捕收剂，用量为10 g/t，再磨时添加生石灰1 000 g/t，精选时添加生石灰200 g/t，进行了再磨细度试验，结果见图8。KMY系列捕收剂主要是酯类药剂与烃类油的乳化产物，该系列捕收剂对硫化铜矿物选择性较好[12]。结果表明，粗精矿再磨细度-0.045 mm粒级占80%时可获得较高的铜精矿品位和回收率。
2.6　捕收剂种类对铜硫分离效果的影响
铜硫分离时铜捕收剂的选择非常重要。按照图7所示流程，再磨时添加生石灰1 000 g/t，再磨细度-0.045 mm粒级占80%，粗选捕收剂用量10 g/t、精选生石灰用量200 g/t条件下，进行了铜硫分离捕收剂种类试验，结果见表5。5种捕收剂得到的铜精矿回收率差别不大，但铜品位相差明显，KMY-1为捕收剂时铜精矿品位较高。
2.7　生石灰用量对铜硫分离效果的影响
按照图7所示流程，在再磨细度-0.045 mm粒级占80%、粗选捕收剂KMY-1用量10 g/t条件下，开展了铜硫分离粗选生石灰用量试验，结果见表6。随着生石灰用量增加，铜精矿铜品位先增加后降低，铜回收率大幅下降，表明过量的生石灰对铜矿物产生了抑制。综合考虑，铜硫分离段适宜的生石灰用量为2 000 g/t。
2.8　闭路试验
在实验室条件下，分别采用现场生产流程和本文推荐流程进行了闭路试验。现场生产用捕收剂和起泡剂均购自美国，现场生产流程见图9，本文推荐流程见图10，试验结果见表7。现场生产流程闭路试验获得了Cu品位20.14%、Cu回收率68.70%的铜精矿，本文推荐流程闭路试验获得了Cu品位23.06%、Cu回收率78.29%的铜精矿，铜精矿中Ag品位245.2 g/t，比现场生产闭路流程得到的铜精矿铜品位和铜回收率分别提高了2.92百分点和9.59百分点，表明本文推荐的闭路流程更具优越性。
3　结论
收起
1）某高海拔复杂铜硫矿主要有价元素为铜，铜以原生硫化铜和次生硫化铜为主，脉石矿物主要为石英、云母、滑石、透闪石、绿泥石等。采用铜硫混合浮选-铜硫分离工艺，小型闭路试验获得了铜品位23.06%、铜回收率78.29%的铜精矿，比现场生产闭路流程得到的铜精矿铜品位和铜回收率分别提高了2.92百分点和9.59百分点。
2）铜硫混合浮选粗选段使用异步浮选法，利于表面氧化、可浮性下降的铜硫矿物和浮游速度慢的铜硫矿物上浮，更利于提高铜回收率。
基金
收起
  • 国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2904603)
  • 云南省重大科技专项(202202AB080012)
  • 云南省基础研究专项-重点项目(202201AS070054)
文献
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2025年第45卷第1期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.01.007
  • 接收时间：2024-09-06
  • 首发时间：2026-03-17
  • 出版时间：2025-02-01
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  • 收稿日期：2024-09-06
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2904603)
云南省重大科技专项(202202AB080012)
云南省基础研究专项-重点项目(202201AS070054)
作者信息
    1.昆明冶金研究院有限公司，云南　昆明　650031
    2.有色金属强化冶金新技术全国重点实验室，云南　昆明　650031
    3.云南省选冶新技术重点实验室，云南　昆明　650031
    4.中铝秘鲁矿业公司，秘鲁　利马　15001

通讯作者:

张晶（1985—），女，湖北应城人，硕士，正高级工程师，主要从事选矿工艺及药剂研发工作。E-mail：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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