Article(id=1240631874062709550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1240631872800215183, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.01.011, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1724515200000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773719288602, onlineDateStr=2026-03-17, pubDate=1738339200000, pubDateStr=2025-02-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773719288602, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773719288602, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773719288602, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240631872800215183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2025', volume='45', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='187', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773719288300, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773724138257, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240652215052989235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1240631872800215183, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240652215052989236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1240631872800215183, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=61, endPage=64, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240631874289201967, articleId=1240631874062709550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Process Mineralogy and Separation Feasibility of Rough Concentrate from Gravity Separation of Ilmenite Ore from Xinjiang, columnId=1236276106932842717, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=MINERAL PROCESSING, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The process mineralogy and separation feasibility of an ilmenite ore from Xinjiang were comprehensively studied to recover iron and titanium resources from the gravity separation concentrate. The process mineralogy results show that the valuable minerals therein include ilmenite, manganese-bearing ilmenite, titanium-bearing magnetite and magnetite, while the gangue minerals therein are predominantly tremolite, riebeckite, garnet and sphene. After one stage of grinding, iron minerals were collected with one stage of low intensity magnetic separation. Then, two stages of high intensity magnetic separation were adopted to recover titanium minerals. The titanium rough concentrate was treated by a flotation for desulfurization and a flotation process consisting of one stage of roughing, one stage of scavenging and four stages of cleaning. The whole process produced an iron concentrate grading 63.93% TFe at 69.11% recovery, presenting a good separation index, and a titanium concentrate was obtained with grade of 32.59% TiO2 at 28.04% recovery. It is found that low TiO2 content and high content of iron-bearing silicate gangue minerals are the main factors affecting the ilmenite beneficiation indicators.

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为综合回收新疆某钛铁矿重选粗精矿中铁、钛元素,进行了工艺矿物学及分选可行性试验研究。工艺矿物学研究结果表明,矿样中有用矿物为钛铁矿、含锰钛铁矿、含钛磁铁矿、磁铁矿,脉石多为透闪石、铁钠闪石、石榴石、榍石等含铁钛硅酸盐矿物。采用“磨矿-弱磁选选铁-两段强磁选预富集钛-浮选脱硫-一粗一扫四精浮选选钛”工艺,可获得铁精矿TFe品位63.93%、回收率69.11%的良好指标,但钛精矿TiO2品位仅32.59%、回收率28.04%。钛铁矿TiO2品位低、含铁硅酸盐脉石矿物质量分数高是影响钛选矿指标的主要因素。

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袁致涛(1971—),男,湖北大冶人,教授,博士研究生导师,主要研究方向为磁电选矿技术与理论。E-mail:
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费泽通(1998—),男,安徽马鞍山人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为有色金属矿选矿。E-mail:

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费泽通(1998—),男,安徽马鞍山人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为有色金属矿选矿。E-mail:

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费泽通(1998—),男,安徽马鞍山人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为有色金属矿选矿。E-mail:

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Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2023, 43(6): 74-78., articleTitle=Beneficiation of tailings in tailings pond of titanium processing plant, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240651363638636959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, awardId=52174241, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(52174241), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240651356424434560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240651356441211781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, companyId=1240651356424434560, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240651356449600390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, companyId=1240651356424434560, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北大学 资源与土木工程学院,辽宁 沈阳 110819)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240651359683408082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=SEM image of major minerals, figureFileSmall=/gxFTZXNvVwaPxTvHzF69w==, figureFileBig=hYT5NMTCXUGLn4aCFtMKAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240651359771488474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, language=CN, label=图1, caption=主要矿物SEM照片

(a)含锰钛铁矿;(b)磁铁矿

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Analysis results of main chemical elements of ore sample

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Fe2O3TiO2SiO2CaOP2O5Al2O3MgOMnOV2O5
58.956.5718.437.632.942.061.721.010.057
), ArticleFig(id=1240651361067528507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

矿样主要化学元素分析结果(质量分数)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Fe2O3TiO2SiO2CaOP2O5Al2O3MgOMnOV2O5
58.956.5718.437.632.942.061.721.010.057
), ArticleFig(id=1240651361201746246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Mineral composition of ore sample

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
钛铁矿含锰钛铁矿含钛磁铁矿磁铁矿钙菱铁矿黄铁矿透闪石
0.179.749.8851.590.980.826.74
铁钠闪石磷灰石石榴石榍石长石铁辉石钙铁辉石
4.933.062.762.151.642.200.05
), ArticleFig(id=1240651361298215249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

矿样矿物组成(质量分数)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
钛铁矿含锰钛铁矿含钛磁铁矿磁铁矿钙菱铁矿黄铁矿透闪石
0.179.749.8851.590.980.826.74
铁钠闪石磷灰石石榴石榍石长石铁辉石钙铁辉石
4.933.062.762.151.642.200.05
), ArticleFig(id=1240651361428238691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Results of ilmenite preconcentration by high intensity magnetic separation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品名称产率/%TiO2品位/%TiO2回收率/%
作业对原矿作业对原矿
精矿65.2631.0011.2178.9452.89
尾矿33.7416.505.6221.0614.11
给矿100.0047.509.26100.0067.00
), ArticleFig(id=1240651361512124776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

钛铁矿强磁选预富集试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品名称产率/%TiO2品位/%TiO2回收率/%
作业对原矿作业对原矿
精矿65.2631.0011.2178.9452.89
尾矿33.7416.505.6221.0614.11
给矿100.0047.509.26100.0067.00
), ArticleFig(id=1240651363026268528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Results of closed-circuit flotation test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品名称产率/%TiO2品位/%TiO2回收率/%
作业对原矿作业对原矿
精矿18.235.6532.5953.0028.04
尾矿72.9322.6110.3246.0324.35
硫精矿8.842.741.230.970.51
给矿100.0031.0011.21100.0052.90
), ArticleFig(id=1240651363131126135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

浮选闭路试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品名称产率/%TiO2品位/%TiO2回收率/%
作业对原矿作业对原矿
精矿18.235.6532.5953.0028.04
尾矿72.9322.6110.3246.0324.35
硫精矿8.842.741.230.970.51
给矿100.0031.0011.21100.0052.90
), ArticleFig(id=1240651363244372354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Results of whole-process flow test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品名称产率/%品位/%回收率/%
TFeTiO2TFeTiO2
弱磁选精矿(铁精矿)52.5063.934.1369.1133.00
强磁选尾矿16.505.6214.10
浮选精矿5.6532.5928.04
浮选尾矿22.6110.3224.35
硫精矿2.741.230.51
原矿100.0048.566.57100.00100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1240651363328258444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631874062709550, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

全流程试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品名称产率/%品位/%回收率/%
TFeTiO2TFeTiO2
弱磁选精矿(铁精矿)52.5063.934.1369.1133.00
强磁选尾矿16.505.6214.10
浮选精矿5.6532.5928.04
浮选尾矿22.6110.3224.35
硫精矿2.741.230.51
原矿100.0048.566.57100.00100.00
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矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2025, 45(1): 61-64
新疆某钛铁矿重选粗精矿工艺矿物学及分选可行性研究
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费泽通 , 袁致涛 , 孟庆有
作者信息
  • 东北大学 资源与土木工程学院,辽宁 沈阳 110819
  • 费泽通(1998—),男,安徽马鞍山人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为有色金属矿选矿。E-mail:

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袁致涛(1971—),男,湖北大冶人,教授,博士研究生导师,主要研究方向为磁电选矿技术与理论。E-mail:
Process Mineralogy and Separation Feasibility of Rough Concentrate from Gravity Separation of Ilmenite Ore from Xinjiang
Zetong FEI , Zhitao YUAN , Qingyou MENG
Affiliations
  • School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
出版时间: 2025-02-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.01.011
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为综合回收新疆某钛铁矿重选粗精矿中铁、钛元素,进行了工艺矿物学及分选可行性试验研究。工艺矿物学研究结果表明,矿样中有用矿物为钛铁矿、含锰钛铁矿、含钛磁铁矿、磁铁矿,脉石多为透闪石、铁钠闪石、石榴石、榍石等含铁钛硅酸盐矿物。采用“磨矿-弱磁选选铁-两段强磁选预富集钛-浮选脱硫-一粗一扫四精浮选选钛”工艺,可获得铁精矿TFe品位63.93%、回收率69.11%的良好指标,但钛精矿TiO2品位仅32.59%、回收率28.04%。钛铁矿TiO2品位低、含铁硅酸盐脉石矿物质量分数高是影响钛选矿指标的主要因素。

钛铁矿  /  工艺矿物学  /  浮选  /  磁选  /  铁精矿  /  钛精矿

The process mineralogy and separation feasibility of an ilmenite ore from Xinjiang were comprehensively studied to recover iron and titanium resources from the gravity separation concentrate. The process mineralogy results show that the valuable minerals therein include ilmenite, manganese-bearing ilmenite, titanium-bearing magnetite and magnetite, while the gangue minerals therein are predominantly tremolite, riebeckite, garnet and sphene. After one stage of grinding, iron minerals were collected with one stage of low intensity magnetic separation. Then, two stages of high intensity magnetic separation were adopted to recover titanium minerals. The titanium rough concentrate was treated by a flotation for desulfurization and a flotation process consisting of one stage of roughing, one stage of scavenging and four stages of cleaning. The whole process produced an iron concentrate grading 63.93% TFe at 69.11% recovery, presenting a good separation index, and a titanium concentrate was obtained with grade of 32.59% TiO2 at 28.04% recovery. It is found that low TiO2 content and high content of iron-bearing silicate gangue minerals are the main factors affecting the ilmenite beneficiation indicators.

ilmenite  /  process mineralogy  /  flotation  /  magnetic separation  /  iron concentrate  /  titanium concentrate
费泽通, 袁致涛, 孟庆有. 新疆某钛铁矿重选粗精矿工艺矿物学及分选可行性研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2025 , 45 (1) : 61 -64 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.01.011
Zetong FEI, Zhitao YUAN, Qingyou MENG. Process Mineralogy and Separation Feasibility of Rough Concentrate from Gravity Separation of Ilmenite Ore from Xinjiang[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2025 , 45 (1) : 61 -64 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.01.011
钛金属具有强度高、密度低、抗腐蚀、阻尼低、超导性的特点,其氧化物(TiO2)具有无毒、物理化学稳定性好、折射率高等特征[1-2],是国家重要的民用产品原料和战略资源[3]。我国钛矿资源储量大、分布广、品位低、矿物组成复杂[4],其中95%为原生钛铁矿资源。根据我国钛铁矿矿石特点和选矿技术发展现状,主要采用磁选-浮选、重选-浮选、重选-磁选-浮选等联合工艺对钛铁矿进行分选[5]
本文以新疆某钛铁矿重选粗精矿为研究对象,对其进行工艺矿物学研究,查明该矿样的化学成分、矿物组成、嵌布特征、单体解离度等;针对矿样中有用矿物磁铁矿和钛铁矿,采用磁选-浮选联合工艺进行分选可行性试验研究,探讨该矿石中铁、钛的综合利用价值。
通过X射线荧光光谱法对矿样主要化学元素进行分析,结果如表1所示。由表1可知:矿样中具有回收价值的元素为Fe、Ti;矿样中脉石主要成分为SiO2,其次为CaO、P2O5及Al2O3
矿样矿物组成见表2。矿样中金属矿物主要为钛铁矿、含锰钛铁矿、含钛磁铁矿、磁铁矿及钙菱铁矿等,其中磁铁矿、含钛磁铁矿、含锰钛铁矿含量较高;脉石矿物主要为透闪石、铁钠闪石、磷灰石、石榴石、榍石等,其中透闪石、铁钠闪石含量较高。可以看出,考虑回收的钛有用矿物为(锰)钛铁矿,铁有用矿物为(钛)磁铁矿。
矿样中含锰钛铁矿和磁铁矿SEM照片见图1。由图1可知:部分含锰钛铁矿为致密集合体,在50 μm区域内与含钛磁铁矿和锐钛矿三者构成连生体,连生关系复杂;部分磁铁矿呈粒状聚集体分布,在100 μm区域内与硅灰石构成连生体。
工艺矿物学研究结果表明,该矿样中主要有用矿物为磁铁矿和钛铁矿。根据现行磁铁矿和钛铁矿分选工艺,拟采用“磨矿-弱磁选选铁-强磁选预富集钛、浮选选钛”的原则流程进行铁、钛分选回收的可行性试验研究,原则流程见图2。钛铁矿分选过程中,为提高对钛铁矿的选择性捕收效果,选用水玻璃和羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)为组合抑制剂,选用铁岭选矿药剂有限公司生产的TW-705(主要成分为苯甲羟肟酸)[6-7]为捕收剂。
钛铁矿重选粗精矿中(钛)磁铁矿含量(质量分数)高达61%,具有较高的回收利用价值。磁场强度200 kA/m条件下,磨矿细度对磁铁矿湿式弱磁选效果的影响如图3所示。随着磨矿细度增加,弱磁选精矿TFe品位增大、回收率逐渐降低,弱磁选尾矿TiO2品位变化幅度不大、回收率呈增大趋势。磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占90%时,精矿产率52.50%,精矿TFe品位63.93%、TFe回收率69.11%,说明提高磨矿细度有利于提高精矿铁品位,弱磁选对磁铁矿的回收效果较好。综合考虑,确定磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占90%为宜,在此条件下制备钛铁矿分选试验样品。
强磁选预富集不仅能提高钛铁矿入选品位,而且能减少矿泥对浮选过程的干扰,对细粒钛铁矿分选具有重要影响[8]。对弱磁选选铁的尾矿进行了二段钛铁矿强磁选预富集试验,一段磁场强度为1 600 kA/m、二段磁场强度为1 400 kA/m,试验结果如表3所示。由表3可知,经两段强磁选预富集,钛铁矿强磁选精矿TiO2品位提升至11.21%,TiO2作业回收率78.94%、相对原矿的回收率为52.89%,两段强磁选对钛铁矿的预富集效果不佳,说明脉石矿物磁性可能与钛铁矿相近。
在前期条件试验基础上,确定了钛铁矿浮选药剂制度和流程结构,采用“浮选脱硫-一粗一扫四精选钛”工艺对钛铁矿强磁选精矿进行浮选闭路试验,试验结果见表4,试验流程及药剂制度如图4所示。浮选闭路试验仅获得钛精矿TiO2品位32.59%、作业回收率53.00%、对原矿回收率28.04%的浮选指标。钛铁矿精矿品位并不理想,通过光学显微镜观察,发现精矿中仅存在少量钛铁矿连生颗粒,仍存在较多细粒单体脉石颗粒。
采用“磨矿-弱磁选选铁-两段强磁选预富集钛-浮选脱硫-一粗一扫四精浮选选钛”工艺进行铁、钛全流程试验,试验结果见表5,试验流程见图5。全流程试验可获得产率52.50%、TFe品位63.93%、TFe回收率69.11%的铁精矿。钛精矿(浮选精矿)产率为5.65%,TiO2品位仅32.59%,回收率28.04%,钛铁矿选矿指标较差。
造成钛铁矿选矿指标不理想的矿物学因素包括以下两个方面:①钛铁矿中TiO2含量低,且存在以类质同象形式出现的Mn元素,对钛铁矿精矿品位的提升影响较大;②原矿中脉石矿物如透闪石、铁钠闪石、石榴石、铁辉石等硅酸盐矿物中含铁很高,一定程度上增大了脉石矿物的磁性,造成钛铁矿强磁选过程无明显分离效果;含铁钛硅酸盐矿物表面暴露出的活性质点与钛铁矿相似,钛铁矿与脉石矿物可浮性差异减小,浮选药剂选择性差,难以实现浮选的选择性分离。
1)新疆某钛铁矿重选粗精矿中金属矿物主要为钛铁矿及含锰钛铁矿、含钛磁铁矿及磁铁矿等,可考虑综合回收;脉石矿物主要为透闪石、铁钠闪石、石榴石、榍石等含铁硅酸盐矿物。
2)采用“磨矿-弱磁选选铁-强磁选预富集钛、浮选选钛”工艺流程,在磨矿细度-0.074 mm粒级占90%、磁场强度200 kA/m条件下,可获得TFe品位63.93%、回收率69.11%的铁精矿;但后续浮选所得钛铁矿TiO2品位仅32.59%、回收率28.04%,分选效果不理想。
3)原矿中钛铁矿TiO2含量低、含铁硅酸盐脉石矿物含量高是影响钛铁矿选矿指标的主要因素,含铁钛硅酸盐矿物多呈弱磁性,表面性质与钛铁矿相似,造成强磁选和浮选难以选择性分离钛铁矿与脉石矿物。
  • 国家自然科学基金(52174241)
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.01.011
  • 接收时间:2024-08-25
  • 首发时间:2026-03-17
  • 出版时间:2025-02-01
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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-25
基金
国家自然科学基金(52174241)
作者信息
    东北大学 资源与土木工程学院,辽宁 沈阳 110819

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袁致涛(1971—),男,湖北大冶人,教授,博士研究生导师,主要研究方向为磁电选矿技术与理论。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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