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The effect of hydroxamic acids on flotation of fluorapatite and dolomite was studied. The flotation results show that salicylhydroxamic acid exhibits certain selectivity but low recovery for fluorapatite and dolomite; octylhydroxamic acid shows poor selectivity but high recovery for fluorapatite and dolomite; while benzohydroxamic acid possesses high selectivity and recovery for fluorapatite. The flotation mechanism of fluorapatite and dolomite in the presence of benzohydroxamic acid was studied by performing zeta potential measurement, adsorption capacity test and XPS analysis. It is found that benzohydroxamic acid is an ideal collector for fluorapatite and dolomite.

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研究了羟肟酸类药剂对氟磷灰石和白云石浮选的影响。结果表明,水杨羟肟酸对氟磷灰石和白云石有一定的选择性但回收率低;辛基异羟肟酸对两者选择性差但回收率高;苯甲羟肟酸对氟磷灰石选择性和回收率都高。通过Zeta电位测试、药剂吸附量测试和XPS图谱分析研究了苯甲羟肟酸体系下氟磷灰石和白云石的浮选机理,结果表明,苯甲羟肟酸是氟磷灰石和白云石的理想捕收剂。

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汤家焰(1989—),男,湖北荆州人,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为复杂矿产资源综合回收利用。E-mail:
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赵芳(1998—),女,山西吕梁人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为复杂矿产资源综合回收利用。E-mail:

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赵芳(1998—),女,山西吕梁人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为复杂矿产资源综合回收利用。E-mail:

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Effect of calcium minerals reactivity on fatty acids adsorption and flotation[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2018, 545: 157-166., articleTitle=Effect of calcium minerals reactivity on fatty acids adsorption and flotation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240651359633076428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631735608734536, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=55, issue=null, pageStart=1049, pageEnd=1058, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=YIN W Z, SUN H R, TANG Y, journalName=Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YIN W Z, SUN H R, TANG Y, et al. Effect of pulp temperature onseparation of magnesite from dolomite in sodium oleate flotation system[J]. 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(a)水杨羟肟酸;(b)辛基异羟肟酸;(c)苯甲羟肟酸

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(a)氟磷灰石;(b)白云石

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(a)作用前;(b)作用后

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(a)作用前;(b)作用后

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矿物名称P2O5MgOSiO2CaOAl2O3Fe2O3F
氟磷灰石38.260.260.7450.510.560.233.16
白云石21.250.0833.840.620.15
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纯矿物化学多元素分析结果(质量分数)

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矿物名称P2O5MgOSiO2CaOAl2O3Fe2O3F
氟磷灰石38.260.260.7450.510.560.233.16
白云石21.250.0833.840.620.15
), ArticleFig(id=1240651357095523275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631735608734536, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品名称主要元素原子浓度/%
Ca2pC1sO1sP2pF1sN1s
氟磷灰石15.3122.8847.0510.514.040.21
氟磷灰石+苯甲羟肟酸8.6948.5932.906.492.400.93
白云石8.5132.1359.110.25
白云石+苯甲羟肟酸8.0835.8455.470.61
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苯甲羟肟酸作用前后氟磷灰石和白云石表面主要元素及浓度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品名称主要元素原子浓度/%
Ca2pC1sO1sP2pF1sN1s
氟磷灰石15.3122.8847.0510.514.040.21
氟磷灰石+苯甲羟肟酸8.6948.5932.906.492.400.93
白云石8.5132.1359.110.25
白云石+苯甲羟肟酸8.0835.8455.470.61
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羟肟酸类药剂对氟磷灰石和白云石浮选的影响
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赵芳 1 , 汤家焰 1, 2 , 罗惠华 3 , 何嘉宁 1 , 李阳 1
矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2024,44(3): 48-52
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矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2024, 44(3): 48-52
羟肟酸类药剂对氟磷灰石和白云石浮选的影响
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赵芳1 , 汤家焰1, 2 , 罗惠华3, 何嘉宁1, 李阳1
作者信息
  • 1.内蒙古科技大学 矿业与煤炭学院,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 2.内蒙古自治区矿业工程重点实验室,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 3.武汉工程大学 兴发矿业学院,湖北 武汉 430074
  • 赵芳(1998—),女,山西吕梁人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为复杂矿产资源综合回收利用。E-mail:

通讯作者:

汤家焰(1989—),男,湖北荆州人,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为复杂矿产资源综合回收利用。E-mail:
Effect of Hydroxamic Acids on Floatation of Fluorapatite and Dolomite
Fang ZHAO1 , Jiayan TANG1, 2 , Huihua LUO3, Jianing HE1, Yang LI1
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Mining and Coal, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
  • 2.Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
  • 3.Xingfa School of Mining Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
出版时间: 2024-06-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.010
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研究了羟肟酸类药剂对氟磷灰石和白云石浮选的影响。结果表明,水杨羟肟酸对氟磷灰石和白云石有一定的选择性但回收率低;辛基异羟肟酸对两者选择性差但回收率高;苯甲羟肟酸对氟磷灰石选择性和回收率都高。通过Zeta电位测试、药剂吸附量测试和XPS图谱分析研究了苯甲羟肟酸体系下氟磷灰石和白云石的浮选机理,结果表明,苯甲羟肟酸是氟磷灰石和白云石的理想捕收剂。

捕收剂  /  氟磷灰石  /  白云石  /  羟肟酸  /  浮选

The effect of hydroxamic acids on flotation of fluorapatite and dolomite was studied. The flotation results show that salicylhydroxamic acid exhibits certain selectivity but low recovery for fluorapatite and dolomite; octylhydroxamic acid shows poor selectivity but high recovery for fluorapatite and dolomite; while benzohydroxamic acid possesses high selectivity and recovery for fluorapatite. The flotation mechanism of fluorapatite and dolomite in the presence of benzohydroxamic acid was studied by performing zeta potential measurement, adsorption capacity test and XPS analysis. It is found that benzohydroxamic acid is an ideal collector for fluorapatite and dolomite.

collector  /  fluorapatite  /  dolomite  /  hydroximic acid  /  flotation
赵芳, 汤家焰, 罗惠华, 何嘉宁, 李阳. 羟肟酸类药剂对氟磷灰石和白云石浮选的影响. 矿冶工程杂志, 2024 , 44 (3) : 48 -52 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.010
Fang ZHAO, Jiayan TANG, Huihua LUO, Jianing HE, Yang LI. Effect of Hydroxamic Acids on Floatation of Fluorapatite and Dolomite[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2024 , 44 (3) : 48 -52 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.010
磷是重要的化工原料,也是农作物生长的必要元素,工业用磷必须从磷矿中提取。氟磷灰石是磷矿中磷元素的主要赋存形式,同时与白云石共伴生[1]。目前多采用浮选法分离氟磷灰石和白云石,捕收剂一般为脂肪酸类药剂[2-3]。浮选过程中,脂肪酸类药剂体现出捕收能力强而选择性效果较差的特点。为了更好地分离氟磷灰石和白云石,寻找高选择性的捕收剂对磷矿浮选具有重要意义。
羟肟酸是很早就被使用的一种有机螯合类捕收剂,被广泛应用于锡石、铝土矿、稀土、赤铁矿等矿石的浮选,体现了很好的选择性[4-5]。羟肟酸的官能团羟肟基有氮和氧两种带孤电子对的原子,能够与金属离子形成稳定四元环或五元环[6]。辛基异羟肟酸的阴离子通过氧原子与独居石表面的稀土金属离子键合,导致独居石表面疏水化[7]。浮选一水硬铝石时,辛烷羟肟酸和壬烷羟肟酸的捕收能力较强,回收率高于常规氧化矿捕收剂油酸[8]。苯甲羟肟酸能与白钨矿表面的Ca2+发生化学吸附生成O五元环螯合物[9],对白钨矿有很好的捕收作用。本文研究了3种羟肟酸类捕收剂对氟磷灰石和白云石浮选分离的影响,探索羟肟酸类捕收剂用于磷矿选矿的可行性;并通过Zeta电位、药剂吸附量测定以及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析研究了羟肟酸类捕收剂在氟磷灰石和白云石表面的选择性吸附机理。
试验所用纯矿物氟磷灰石及白云石先破碎到2 mm以下,经过手选、陶瓷球磨,筛分出-0.038+0.074 mm和-0.038 mm粒级样品。经去离子水反复清洗后过滤、干燥箱80 ℃烘干,存入广口瓶备用。-0.038+0.074 mm粒级样品用于微浮选试验,-0.038 mm粒级样品用于检测分析。氟磷灰石与白云石纯矿物化学多元素分析结果见表1
表1可知,纯矿物杂质含量较低,氟磷灰石纯度为91.28%,白云石纯度为97.75%,纯度均满足单矿物浮选试验要求。
将XFD/3-35g型挂槽浮选机转速设置为2000 r/min进行浮选试验。取纯矿物2.00 g或人工混合矿样(1.00 g氟磷灰石+1.00 g白云石)放入浮选槽,加30 mL去离子水,搅拌2 min后加入药剂,继续搅拌2 min后进行充气和手动刮泡,刮泡频率10次/min,刮泡3 min后停止,将泡沫产品烘干、称重、化验,计算回收率。
采用90 Plus Particle Size Anglyzer仪器测试纯矿物Zeta电位;采用紫外分光光度计测试矿物表面药剂吸附量;采用Thermo Scientific TM K-Alpha光谱仪进行XPS能谱测定。
pH=6.8时,考察了不同浓度捕收剂对氟磷灰石和白云石浮选回收率的影响,结果如图1所示。
图1(a)可知,水杨羟肟酸浓度从15 mg/L增加到60 mg/L,氟磷灰石回收率从28.56%上升到40.02%,然后开始下降;白云石回收率始终在10%~15%之间。水杨羟肟酸浓度60 mg/L时,氟磷灰石和白云山浮选回收率差异最大,相差27.69个百分点。说明水杨羟肟酸对氟磷灰石和白云石有一定选择性,但浮选回收率不高。
图1(b)可知,随着辛基异羟肟酸浓度从15 mg/L增加至75 mg/L,氟磷灰石回收率从96.54%上升到97.74%;白云石回收率从94.13%上升到97.11%,然后下降到93.72%。二者浮选回收率变化不大。辛基异羟肟酸浓度75 mg/L时,二者浮选回收率差异最大,但仅4个百分点。说明辛基异羟肟酸对氟磷灰石和白云石浮选捕收能力强,但两者浮选差异小,表明辛基异羟肟酸选择性不高。
图1(c)可知,随着苯甲羟肟酸浓度从15 mg/L增加到60 mg/L,氟磷灰石回收率从57.14%上升到86.39%,白云石回收率由5.76%上升到12.84%。苯甲羟肟酸浓度60 mg/L时,二者回收率差异最大,达到73.55个百分点。说明苯甲羟肟酸对氟磷灰石有较好的选择性,氟磷灰石回收率较高。
浮选实验结果表明,水杨羟肟酸对氟磷灰石和白云石有一定选择性,但回收率较低;辛基异羟肟酸回收率高,但选择性差;苯甲羟肟酸有很好的选择性,且氟磷灰石回收率高。有研究发现,芳香烃结构的羟肟酸(苯甲羟肟酸,水杨羟肟酸)要比烷基结构的羟肟酸(辛基异羟肟酸)选择性好,苯环可形成π-π共辄键,使螯合物的稳定性增强[10]。烷基结构的羟肟酸疏水性更好,所以烷基结构羟肟酸比芳香烃结构羟肟酸的捕收能力更强。水杨羟肟酸几乎不具备表面活性[11],苯甲羟肟酸的捕收能力强于水杨羟肟酸。苯甲羟肟酸是氟磷灰石和白云石的理想捕收剂。
苯甲羟肟酸浓度60 mg/L时,考察了pH值对氟磷灰石和白云石浮选回收率的影响,结果如图2所示。
图2可知,随着pH值增加,氟磷灰石浮选回收率呈现先上升后下降的趋势,pH值由4.0升高到6.8,回收率由78.13%上升到85.87%;随着pH值进一步提高,浮选回收率降至75.41%。白云石回收率始终稳定在10%左右。pH=6.8时,氟磷灰石回收率85.87%,白云石浮选回收率11.63%,两者差异最大,达到74.24个百分点。结果说明,在苯甲羟肟酸浓度60 mg/L、pH=6.8条件下,氟磷灰石和白云石的浮选回收率差异最大。
苯甲羟肟酸浓度60 mg/L时,将氟磷灰石和白云石按质量1∶1混合,考察了pH值对氟磷灰石和白云石分离效果的影响,结果如图3所示。
图3可知,随着pH值升高,氟磷灰石和白云石浮选回收率均先升高后下降,氟磷灰石回收率由51.21%升高到79.97%,又降低到51.76%,回收率最高点在pH=6.8时;白云石回收率由11.53%升高到28.67%,又降低到24.43%,回收率最高点在pH=9.8时。在酸性和中性环境中,两者浮选回收率差异40~50个百分点,碱性环境中浮选回收率差异减小到约20个百分点。pH=6.8时二者分离效果较好,差异为53.74个百分点。结果说明,在中性条件下,苯甲羟肟酸浮选分离氟磷灰石和白云石的效果较好。
不同pH值环境下,60 mg/L苯甲羟肟酸作用前后氟磷灰石和白云石Zeta电位的变化如图4所示。
图4可知,随着pH值增加,氟磷灰石和白云石Zeta电位呈下降趋势。氟磷灰石零电点在pH=4.7左右。氟磷灰石和白云石纯矿物表面都带负电,苯甲羟肟酸作用后,两种矿物表面Zeta电位均出现不同程度降低,表明羟肟酸根阴离子与矿物表面发生化学吸附。磷灰石表面电位降低幅度较大,白云石表面电位降低幅度较小,表明药剂在两种矿物表面的吸附程度不同,苯甲羟肟酸对氟磷灰石的吸附程度比白云石高。
pH=6.8,不同浓度苯甲羟肟酸作用前后氟磷灰石和白云石表面吸附量和吸附率如图5所示。
图5可知,随着苯甲羟肟酸浓度由15 mg/L升高到75 mg/L,氟磷灰石表面的药剂吸附量持续升高,由0.03 mg/g升高到0.26 mg/g;氟磷灰石的药剂吸附率先升高后降低,在浓度60 mg/L时药剂吸附率达到最高26.67%,此时,氟磷灰石的表面吸附量趋于饱和。随着苯甲羟肟酸浓度由15 mg/L升高到75 mg/L,白云石表面吸附量由0.01 mg/g升高到0.11 mg/g,吸附率由5.33%升高到12.44%,然后降低到9.60%。白云石吸附量和吸附率均远小于氟磷灰石,进一步证实苯甲羟肟酸对氟磷灰石的吸附效果优于白云石。
苯甲羟肟酸作用前后氟磷灰石和白云石的XPS图谱分析结果如图6所示。
图6可知,苯甲羟肟酸作用于氟磷灰石表面使其O1s峰和Ca2p峰降低,C1s峰升高;苯甲羟肟酸作用前后白云石表面XPS能谱没有明显变化。
表2为苯甲羟肟酸作用前后氟磷灰石和白云石表面主要元素及浓度的详细值。磷灰石纯矿物表面Ca浓度为15.31%,远高于白云石表面的Ca浓度(8.51%)。氟磷灰石表面Ca活性位点比白云石多,能吸附更多的苯甲羟肟酸。药剂的加入导致矿物表面C、N浓度明显增加,氟磷灰石表面C浓度增加了25.71个百分点,白云石表面C浓度只增加了3.71个百分点;氟磷灰石表面N浓度为0.93%,比白云石表面N浓度(0.61%)高。这些都进一步证实苯甲羟肟酸在氟磷灰石表面的吸附量要大于在白云石表面的吸附量。
图78为苯甲羟肟酸作用前后氟磷灰石和白云石表面O1s XPS图谱,详细分析了苯甲羟肟酸作用前后氟磷灰石和白云石O1s峰的变化。
图7可知,氟磷灰石O1s谱在531.18 eV和532.38 eV处出现两个峰,分别属于氟磷灰石PO4基团和水的吸附[12];加入苯甲羟肟酸后,在530.38 eV处出现新峰,属于苯甲羟肟酸的,说明苯甲羟肟酸在氟磷灰石表面发生了吸附。
图8可知,白云石O1s谱在531.37 eV和532.37 eV处出现两个峰,分别归属于白云石的CO3基团和白云石表面上的水吸附[13];苯甲羟肟酸处理后的白云石谱图中没有出现新峰,说明苯甲羟肟酸没在白云石表面发生吸附。
1)3种羟肟酸类捕收剂体系中,水杨羟肟酸对氟磷灰石和白云石有一定选择性,但捕收能力较差;辛基异羟肟酸对氟磷灰石和白云石捕收能力很好,但选择性较差;苯甲羟肟酸对氟磷灰石有很好的选择性。pH=6.8、苯甲羟肟酸浓度60 mg/L时,氟磷灰石和白云石混合矿分离效果较好,氟磷灰石回收率达79.97%,白云石回收率仅26.23%。
2)Zeta电位分析、药剂吸附量测试结果以及XPS能谱分析结果表明,苯甲羟肟酸在氟磷灰石表面的吸附程度远高于在白云石表面。氟磷灰石表面比白云石表面拥有更多的Ca活性位点,导致苯甲羟肟酸在氟磷灰石表面的吸附量远高于白云石。苯甲羟肟酸可用于氟磷灰石和白云石的浮选分离。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2901000; 2022YFC2905302)
  • 内蒙古科技大学高校基本科研业务费项目(074)
  • 湖北省揭榜制项目(2021BEC029)
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.010
  • 接收时间:2023-12-13
  • 首发时间:2026-03-17
  • 出版时间:2024-06-01
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-13
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国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2901000; 2022YFC2905302)
内蒙古科技大学高校基本科研业务费项目(074)
湖北省揭榜制项目(2021BEC029)
作者信息
    1.内蒙古科技大学 矿业与煤炭学院,内蒙古 包头 014010
    2.内蒙古自治区矿业工程重点实验室,内蒙古 包头 014010
    3.武汉工程大学 兴发矿业学院,湖北 武汉 430074

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汤家焰(1989—),男,湖北荆州人,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为复杂矿产资源综合回收利用。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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