Article(id=1240631731825472233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1240631729627648823, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.025, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1701792000000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773719254690, onlineDateStr=2026-03-17, pubDate=1717171200000, pubDateStr=2024-06-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773719254690, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773719254690, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773719254690, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240631729627648823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, year='2024', volume='44', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='181', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773719254166, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773724083554, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240651985603580488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1240631729627648823, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240651985603580489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, issueId=1240631729627648823, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=116, endPage=119, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240631732106490603, articleId=1240631731825472233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, language=EN, title=Experimental Study on Treatment of Arsenic Containing Wastewater from Copper Smelting by Iron-Carbon Micro-electrolysis, columnId=1236276106727321817, journalTitle=Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, columnName=METALLURGY, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The iron-carbon (Fe-C) micro-electrolysis was adopted to treat arsenic-containing wastewater from copper smelting, and the effects of processing parameters, including pH of inlet water, air blowing rate, contacting time, vibration frequency, solid-liquid ratio (mass ratio of Fe-C micro-electrolysis material to inlet water per minute), on the arsenic removal efficiency were explored. Results show that during the treatment by Fe-C micro-electrolysis, the generated oxides such as FeAsO4, Fe2O3, and Fe3O4 are deposited on the surface of the Fe-C micro-electrolysis material, making passivation of the Fe-C micro-electrolysis material ineffective, thus resulting in poor arsenic removal efficiency. The use of vibration can effectively solve such problem. It is shown that after 90 d continuous treatment under the conditions, including pH of inlet water at 2.0, air blowing rate at 5 L/min, contacting time of 2 min, solid-liquid ratio of 2.5∶1, vibration frequency rate at 2 min every 4 h, the arsenic removal rate can be up to 99.99% and the arsenic content in water falls down to 0.033-0.036 mg/L, presenting a good and stable removal effect. It is concluded that this arsenic removal approach by adopting Fe-C micro-electrolysis can provide a new idea for treatment of arsenic-containing wastewater from copper smelting.

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采用铁-碳微电解法处理铜冶炼含砷废水,考察了进水pH值、空气鼓入量、接触时间、振动频率、固液比(铁-碳微电解材料质量∶每分钟进水质量)等工艺参数对除砷效率的影响。结果表明,铁-碳微电解材料处理铜冶炼含砷废水时,生成的FeAsO4、Fe2O3、Fe3O4等氧化物沉积在铁-碳微电解材料表面,使铁-碳微电解材料钝化失效,导致除砷效率差,采用振动的方法可有效解决铁-碳微电解材料钝化失效问题;在进水pH值2.0、空气鼓入量5 L/min、接触时间2 min、固液比2.5∶1、振动频率每4 h振动2 min条件下,铁-碳微电解材料连续稳定处理废水90 d,除砷率达99.99%,水中砷含量降至0.033~0.036 mg/L,除砷效果理想且稳定。采用铁-碳微电解法除砷,为处理铜冶炼含砷废水提供了新思路。

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李学鹏(1985—),男,江西丰城人,博士,高级工程师,主要从事含砷物料处理工作。E-mail:

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李学鹏(1985—),男,江西丰城人,博士,高级工程师,主要从事含砷物料处理工作。E-mail:

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(a)原料;(b)使用62 h后

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(a)振动前;(b)振动后

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名称化学成分/(mg·L-1
总砷总汞烷基汞六价铬总铅总镍总铍总银
含砷废水350未检出未检出<0.1<0.1<0.1未检出未检出
国家标准≤0.5≤0.05不得检出≤0.5≤1.0≤1.0≤0.005≤0.5
名称苯并(α)芘/(mg·L-1总α放射性总β放射性pH值
含砷废水未检出未检出未检出6.8
国家标准≤0.00003≤1 Bq/L≤10 Bq/L6.0~9.0
), ArticleFig(id=1240651348534947873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631731825472233, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

含砷废水化学成分及相关指标

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名称化学成分/(mg·L-1
总砷总汞烷基汞六价铬总铅总镍总铍总银
含砷废水350未检出未检出<0.1<0.1<0.1未检出未检出
国家标准≤0.5≤0.05不得检出≤0.5≤1.0≤1.0≤0.005≤0.5
名称苯并(α)芘/(mg·L-1总α放射性总β放射性pH值
含砷废水未检出未检出未检出6.8
国家标准≤0.00003≤1 Bq/L≤10 Bq/L6.0~9.0
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序号化学反应化学反应类型
1Fe-2e—→Fe2+阳极反应
2Fe-3e—→Fe3+阳极反应
32H++2e—→2H2阴极反应
4O2+4H++4e—→2H2O阴极反应
5O2+2H2O+4e—→4OH-阴极反应
6Fe3++AsO43-—→FeAsO4除砷反应
7Fe3++3OH-—→Fe(OH)3絮凝反应
), ArticleFig(id=1240651348862103616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1235980550691926019, articleId=1240631731825472233, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

铁-碳微电解法除砷化学反应

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序号化学反应化学反应类型
1Fe-2e—→Fe2+阳极反应
2Fe-3e—→Fe3+阳极反应
32H++2e—→2H2阴极反应
4O2+4H++4e—→2H2O阴极反应
5O2+2H2O+4e—→4OH-阴极反应
6Fe3++AsO43-—→FeAsO4除砷反应
7Fe3++3OH-—→Fe(OH)3絮凝反应
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铁-碳微电解法处理铜冶炼含砷废水的实验研究
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李学鹏 1 , 王娟 2 , 常军 1 , 王子阳 1
矿冶工程杂志 | 冶金 2024,44(3): 116-119
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矿冶工程杂志 | 冶金 2024, 44(3): 116-119
铁-碳微电解法处理铜冶炼含砷废水的实验研究
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李学鹏1 , 王娟2, 常军1, 王子阳1
作者信息
  • 1.铜仁学院 材料与化学工程学院,贵州 铜仁 554300
  • 2.铜仁学院 大数据学院,贵州 铜仁 554300
  • 李学鹏(1985—),男,江西丰城人,博士,高级工程师,主要从事含砷物料处理工作。E-mail:

Experimental Study on Treatment of Arsenic Containing Wastewater from Copper Smelting by Iron-Carbon Micro-electrolysis
Xuepeng LI1 , Juan WANG2, Jun CHANG1, Ziyang WANG1
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Materials and Chemical, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, Guizhou, China
  • 2.School of Data Science, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, Guizhou, China
出版时间: 2024-06-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.025
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采用铁-碳微电解法处理铜冶炼含砷废水,考察了进水pH值、空气鼓入量、接触时间、振动频率、固液比(铁-碳微电解材料质量∶每分钟进水质量)等工艺参数对除砷效率的影响。结果表明,铁-碳微电解材料处理铜冶炼含砷废水时,生成的FeAsO4、Fe2O3、Fe3O4等氧化物沉积在铁-碳微电解材料表面,使铁-碳微电解材料钝化失效,导致除砷效率差,采用振动的方法可有效解决铁-碳微电解材料钝化失效问题;在进水pH值2.0、空气鼓入量5 L/min、接触时间2 min、固液比2.5∶1、振动频率每4 h振动2 min条件下,铁-碳微电解材料连续稳定处理废水90 d,除砷率达99.99%,水中砷含量降至0.033~0.036 mg/L,除砷效果理想且稳定。采用铁-碳微电解法除砷,为处理铜冶炼含砷废水提供了新思路。

废水处理  /  除砷  /  含砷废水  /  铁-碳微电解  /  钝化

The iron-carbon (Fe-C) micro-electrolysis was adopted to treat arsenic-containing wastewater from copper smelting, and the effects of processing parameters, including pH of inlet water, air blowing rate, contacting time, vibration frequency, solid-liquid ratio (mass ratio of Fe-C micro-electrolysis material to inlet water per minute), on the arsenic removal efficiency were explored. Results show that during the treatment by Fe-C micro-electrolysis, the generated oxides such as FeAsO4, Fe2O3, and Fe3O4 are deposited on the surface of the Fe-C micro-electrolysis material, making passivation of the Fe-C micro-electrolysis material ineffective, thus resulting in poor arsenic removal efficiency. The use of vibration can effectively solve such problem. It is shown that after 90 d continuous treatment under the conditions, including pH of inlet water at 2.0, air blowing rate at 5 L/min, contacting time of 2 min, solid-liquid ratio of 2.5∶1, vibration frequency rate at 2 min every 4 h, the arsenic removal rate can be up to 99.99% and the arsenic content in water falls down to 0.033-0.036 mg/L, presenting a good and stable removal effect. It is concluded that this arsenic removal approach by adopting Fe-C micro-electrolysis can provide a new idea for treatment of arsenic-containing wastewater from copper smelting.

wastewater treatment  /  arsenic removal  /  arsenic-containing wastewater  /  iron-carbon (Fe-C) micro-electrolysis  /  passivation
李学鹏, 王娟, 常军, 王子阳. 铁-碳微电解法处理铜冶炼含砷废水的实验研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2024 , 44 (3) : 116 -119 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.025
Xuepeng LI, Juan WANG, Jun CHANG, Ziyang WANG. Experimental Study on Treatment of Arsenic Containing Wastewater from Copper Smelting by Iron-Carbon Micro-electrolysis[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2024 , 44 (3) : 116 -119 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.025
铜冶炼过程中部分砷进入冶炼废水,形成铜冶炼含砷废水,该废水必须经处理达标后才能循环使用[1-2]。目前含砷废水除砷的方法主要有吸附法、电絮凝法、化学沉淀法、生物法、电化学高级氧化法[3-4]。吸附法是采用吸附剂将砷吸附在表面,将砷去除[5];吸附法的优点是操作简单、吸附量大,缺点是吸附剂循环再生困难、吸附过程受其他离子干扰较大。电絮凝法是利用外加电场溶解金属电极,金属阳离子水解生成具有絮凝性的物质,将砷去除;电絮凝法的优点是操作简单、除砷效果好,缺点是成本较高[6-7]。化学沉淀法是加入化学药剂与砷形成沉淀,将砷去除;优点是投资少、操作简单,缺点是渣量大、深度脱砷困难[8-9]。生物法是利用微生物降解水中的砷;优点是无需添加化学药剂、成本低廉,是一种环保的除砷方法,缺点是应用环境严格、除砷效率较低[9]。电化学高级氧化法是采用强氧化剂在电场作用下快速去除砷,常用的强氧化剂为H2O2、羟基自由基、活性氯等;优点是除砷效率高,缺点是成本较高[10]
微电解法是基于氧化还原、沉淀、吸附-絮凝等反应除砷。本文采用铁-碳微电解法处理铜冶炼含砷废水,系统研究了进水pH值、固液比等对除砷效果的影响,为处理铜冶炼含砷废水提供新的思路。
含砷废水取自某铜冶炼厂,铁-碳微电解材料(市售)外观为灰褐色椭球形,由铁、碳及催化剂压制而成,含铁量70%~80%、含碳量10%~15%、催化剂含量3%~7%、活化剂含量约3%。含砷废水化学成分分析结果如表1所示。由表1可知,含砷废水中除砷外,其他组分均符合国家标准。
实验主体设备为装有铁-碳微电解材料的圆柱体容器,体积200 L,容器上部开口,底部为多孔隔板,水流由上部进入,经铁-碳微电解材料后,由底部排出。调节含砷废水的pH值,将含砷废水通入装有铁-碳微电解材料的圆柱体容器中,向水中鼓入空气,于一定时间下反应。
在含砷废水体系中,铁和碳之间存在明显的氧化还原电位差,铁和碳之间形成了无数个微原电池,释放大量高活性Fe2+。向废水中鼓入空气,水中的Fe2+和As3+分别被氧化为Fe3+和As5+,Fe3+与As5+发生反应,形成FeAsO4沉淀;高活性的Fe3+水解产生Fe(OH)3,Fe(OH)3具有极强的吸附性能,可以捕捉溶液中的砷;该过程可能发生的化学反应如表2所示。
固液比(铁-碳微电解材料质量∶每分钟进水质量)为2∶1、空气鼓入量5 L/min、接触时间(含砷废水从进入到排出的时间)2 min,考察了进水pH值对除砷率的影响,结果如图1所示。
图1可知,进水pH值1.0时,除砷率为96.32%,水中砷含量为12.88 mg/L,处理效果不达标;进水pH值2.0时,除砷率为99.96%,水中砷含量降至0.14 mg/L,效果达标;pH值3.0和4.0时,除砷率分别为99.52%和97.41%,水中砷含量分别为1.68 mg/L和9.06 mg/L,效果均不达标。原因是:①pH值过低时,一方面铁-碳微电解材料会溶解,破坏铁和碳的微电解反应,使高活性Fe3+减少;另一方面部分FeAsO4沉淀会溶解,将As5+反溶入水中,导致除砷率低。②pH值过高时,电解出的Fe3+加速生成Fe(OH)3沉淀,参与生成FeAsO4沉淀的Fe3+减少,导致除砷率低。适宜的进水pH值为2.0。
进水pH值2.0、空气鼓入量5 L/min、接触时间2 min,考察了固液比对除砷率的影响,结果如图2所示。
图2可知,固液比对除砷效果的影响很大,固液比0.5∶1时,除砷率仅67.33%,水中砷含量为114.35 mg/L,除砷效果差。增大固液比,除砷率逐渐升高,固液比1.5∶1、2∶1、2.5∶1时,除砷率分别为93.21%、99.96%、99.99%。通过实验确定适宜的固液比为2.5∶1,此时除砷率为99.99%,水中砷含量仅0.035 mg/L。
进水pH值2.0、固液比2.5∶1、空气鼓入量5 L/min、接触时间2 min,进行连续稳定实验,验证该方法的稳定性,结果如图3所示。
图3可知,48 h后除砷率骤然下降,58 h、60 h、62 h时,除砷率仅40.23%、18.65%、10.21%,水中砷含量分别为209.20 mg/L、249.73 mg/L、314.27 mg/L,铁-碳微电解材料几乎钝化失效,除砷效果差。
图4为铁-碳微电解材料在不同状态下的形貌。由图4可以看出,长时间反应让铁-碳微电解材料表面形成了一层膜,对该膜进行X射线衍射分析,结果如图5所示。由图5可知,覆膜渣的主要成分为FeAsO4、Fe2O3、C、和Fe3O4。X射线衍射结果表明:①生成的FeAsO4沉积在铁-碳微电解材料表面,阻碍了铁-碳微电解反应,使铁-碳微电解材料钝化失效,导致除砷效率差;②由于鼓入了氧气,在铁-碳微电解材料形成了Fe2O3、Fe3O4等氧化物,使铁-碳微电解材料钝化失效,导致除砷效率差。
采用振动的方法解决铁-碳微电解材料钝化失效的问题。进水pH值2.0、固液比2.5∶1、空气鼓入量5 L/min、接触时间2 min,采取手提式水泥振动棒对铁-碳填料进行定期振动处理,振动频率每4 h振动2 min,连续处理90 d,振动条件下连续除砷效果如图6所示,振动前后铁-碳微电解材料的形貌如图7所示。
图6可知,采用振动后,连续稳定运行90 d,除砷效果理想且稳定,除砷率达到99.99%,水中砷含量0.033~0.036 mg/L。由图7可以看出,振动后,铁-碳微电解材料表面的膜全部被去除,脱膜效果理想。实验结果证明,采用振动的方法可有效解决铁-碳微电解材料钝化失效的问题。
1)铁-碳微电解材料处理铜冶炼含砷废水时,生成的FeAsO4、Fe2O3、Fe3O4等氧化物沉积在铁-碳微电解材料表面,使铁-碳微电解材料钝化失效,导致除砷效率差。采用振动的方法可有效解决铁-碳微电解材料钝化失效问题。
2)在进水pH值2.0、空气鼓入量5 L/min、接触时间2 min、固液比2.5∶1、振动频率每4 h振动2 min条件下,连续稳定处理90 d,除砷率达到99.99%,水中砷含量0.033~0.036 mg/L,除砷效果理想且稳定。
3)采用铁-碳微电解法可有效去除铜冶炼含砷废水中的砷,为处理铜冶炼含砷废水提供了新的思路。
  • 贵州省科技厅基础研究计划项目(黔科合基础[2020]1Y223)
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2024年第44卷第3期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.025
  • 接收时间:2023-12-06
  • 首发时间:2026-03-17
  • 出版时间:2024-06-01
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-06
基金
贵州省科技厅基础研究计划项目(黔科合基础[2020]1Y223)
铜仁市科技局科技支撑计划项目(铜市科研[2023]15号)
贵州省高等学校重点实验室(黔教技[2023]026号)
作者信息
    1.铜仁学院 材料与化学工程学院,贵州 铜仁 554300
    2.铜仁学院 大数据学院,贵州 铜仁 554300
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kygczz/CN/10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.025
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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