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Based on the process mineralogy study, an experimental study on grinding-separation technique was performed for JISCO's magnetite obtained from its suspension magnetization roasting process. In the experiment, a 110 mT low-intensity magnetic separator was firstly adopted for pre-concentration. The middlings were reground and processed by magnetic separation for enrichment and tailings discarding, and the obtained concentrate was subjected to reverse cationic flotation. Finally, the whole process produced the comprehensive concentrate grading 60.06% TFe and containing 5.17% SiO2, with metal recovery of 84.27%. In comparison with the previous processing technique, the TFe grade of concentrate is improved by 1.96 percentage points and the metal recovery is increased by 1.38 percentage points, while the SiO2 content falls by 1.06 percentage points.

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对酒钢悬浮焙烧磁铁矿进行了磨矿-选矿工艺优化研究。采用110 mT低场强磁选机预提精、中矿再磨后采用磁选富集抛尾、富集精矿经阳离子反浮选,最终获得TFe品位60.06%、SiO2含量5.17%、金属回收率84.27%的综合精矿;与原工艺指标相比,精矿TFe品位提高了1.96个百分点,金属回收率提高了1.38个百分点,SiO2含量降低了1.06个百分点。

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高泽宾(1970—),男,甘肃金昌人,高级工程师,主要从事选矿经营管理及工艺技术研究工作。E-mail:

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高泽宾(1970—),男,甘肃金昌人,高级工程师,主要从事选矿经营管理及工艺技术研究工作。E-mail:

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高泽宾(1970—),男,甘肃金昌人,高级工程师,主要从事选矿经营管理及工艺技术研究工作。E-mail:

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(a)优化后;(b)优化前

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空载负载
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空载负载
球磨机269.740.40.593932.05
立磨机70.700.40.851034.07
艾萨磨机1.670.150.272.43243.23
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TFeSiO2
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酒钢悬浮焙烧磁铁矿选矿工艺优化研究
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高泽宾 1 , 王永刚 1 , 张丽丽 2
矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2024,44(3): 68-72
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矿冶工程杂志 | 选矿 2024, 44(3): 68-72
酒钢悬浮焙烧磁铁矿选矿工艺优化研究
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高泽宾1 , 王永刚1, 张丽丽2
作者信息
  • 1.甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司,甘肃 嘉峪关 735100
  • 2.酒钢集团 技术中心,甘肃 嘉峪关 735100
  • 高泽宾(1970—),男,甘肃金昌人,高级工程师,主要从事选矿经营管理及工艺技术研究工作。E-mail:

Optimization of Beneficiation Process for JISCO's Magnetite from Suspension Magnetization Roasting
Zebin GAO1 , Yonggang WANG1, Lili ZHANG2
Affiliations
  • 1.Hongxing Iron and Steel Co Ltd, JISCO, Jiayuguan 735100, Gansu, China
  • 2.Technology Center of Jiuquan Iron & Steel Group Limited Company, Jiayuguan 735100, Gansu, China
出版时间: 2024-06-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.015
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对酒钢悬浮焙烧磁铁矿进行了磨矿-选矿工艺优化研究。采用110 mT低场强磁选机预提精、中矿再磨后采用磁选富集抛尾、富集精矿经阳离子反浮选,最终获得TFe品位60.06%、SiO2含量5.17%、金属回收率84.27%的综合精矿;与原工艺指标相比,精矿TFe品位提高了1.96个百分点,金属回收率提高了1.38个百分点,SiO2含量降低了1.06个百分点。

磁化焙烧  /  磨矿解离度  /  可磨度  /  磁选  /  阳离子反浮选  /  铁精矿  /  提铁降硅

Based on the process mineralogy study, an experimental study on grinding-separation technique was performed for JISCO's magnetite obtained from its suspension magnetization roasting process. In the experiment, a 110 mT low-intensity magnetic separator was firstly adopted for pre-concentration. The middlings were reground and processed by magnetic separation for enrichment and tailings discarding, and the obtained concentrate was subjected to reverse cationic flotation. Finally, the whole process produced the comprehensive concentrate grading 60.06% TFe and containing 5.17% SiO2, with metal recovery of 84.27%. In comparison with the previous processing technique, the TFe grade of concentrate is improved by 1.96 percentage points and the metal recovery is increased by 1.38 percentage points, while the SiO2 content falls by 1.06 percentage points.

magnetization roasting  /  liberation degree by grinding  /  grindability  /  magnetic separation  /  reverse cationic flotation  /  iron concentrate  /  iron improvement and silicon reduction
高泽宾, 王永刚, 张丽丽. 酒钢悬浮焙烧磁铁矿选矿工艺优化研究. 矿冶工程杂志, 2024 , 44 (3) : 68 -72 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.015
Zebin GAO, Yonggang WANG, Lili ZHANG. Optimization of Beneficiation Process for JISCO's Magnetite from Suspension Magnetization Roasting[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2024 , 44 (3) : 68 -72 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.015
酒钢选矿厂采用一选和二选两个生产工序处理镜铁山式难选氧化铁矿石。一选工序1972年投产,规模650万吨/年;二选工序2013年投产,规模400万吨/年。两个生产工序均为块矿(15~100 mm)竖炉磁化焙烧-磁选-阳离子反浮选、粉矿(-15 mm)强磁选。2016年酒钢对二选粉矿工艺进行升级改造,建设了一条165万吨/年的悬浮磁化焙烧生产线,2018年3月开始热负荷试车,期间不断攻克“卡脖子”关键技术,生产线于2020年11月21日全线正式投入生产,取得巨大成功,悬浮磁化焙烧-磁选工艺所得精矿铁品位55.0%,精矿中SiO2含量11.5%,金属回收率90%,精矿品位和回收率均达到设计指标。与强磁选指标相比,精矿品位提高了12个百分点、金属回收率提高了21个百分点。酒钢悬浮磁化焙烧工艺的成功研发及应用为酒钢提高资源利用效率、破解资源短板难题提供了示范。
悬浮焙烧工艺清洁环保、智能化程度及劳动生产率高、操作劳动强度低,酒钢选矿厂“十四五规划及远景目标”是以悬浮磁化焙烧工艺淘汰块矿竖炉和粉矿强磁选工艺。高炉炼铁实践表明,入炉品位每提高1个百分点,燃料比降低1.5%~2%、产量提高3%,因此精料炼铁是钢铁企业降本增效长期贯彻的基本方针。国内外同行业精矿铁品位一般可达到65%,精矿中SiO2含量5%以下,因此悬浮磁化焙烧工艺虽然解决了酒钢难选铁矿资源的高效利用,但精矿中SiO2含量较高,精矿品质仍然较差,不利于降低铁水成本及稳定高炉顺行。本文对酒钢悬浮焙烧磁铁矿开展了选矿工艺优化研究,以期提高精矿品质。
酒钢悬浮焙烧矿化学多元素分析结果见表1,矿物组成见表2。由表1可知,悬浮磁化焙烧矿TFe品位46.01%、MFe品位42.49%;杂质以SiO2为主,S及碱金属氧化物含量较高。由表2可知,原矿中主要铁矿物为磁铁矿和磁赤铁矿,同时含有赤铁矿、褐铁矿和磁黄铁矿,脉石矿物以石英、方解石和绢云母为主。
采用点测法测定磁铁矿嵌布粒级分布情况,结果如表3所示。由表3可知,磁铁矿粗细不均匀嵌布,总体粒度偏细。要实现磁铁矿的单体解离,理论上需细磨至-0.038 mm。
采用激光粒度仪分析了磨矿产品细度,并采用偏反光显微镜观察、统计磨矿产品的单体及连生体,计算了解离度,结果见表4。由表4可知,磨矿细度-30 μm粒级含量达到92.6%时,矿物单体解离度方可达到95%。
近年来,镜铁山矿14线以西开采力度逐年增大,由于西Ⅱ矿体断层发育,矿石中夹层增加,有闪长岩侵入造成矿石品位降低,SiO2含量升高,嵌布粒度变细。工艺矿物学研究结果表明,焙烧矿需细磨至-30 μm粒级占92.6%时矿物单体解离度方可达到95%。而目前磨矿细度为-48 μm粒级含量95%,矿物单体解离度85%左右,矿物单体解离不充分导致磁选精矿TFe品位仅53%~55%,精矿SiO2含量高达11%~12%,磁选精矿反浮选后精矿TFe品位只能达到58.00%、SiO2含量约6.25%。其次,焙烧磁铁精矿亲水性强,矿物内孔隙、裂隙多,过滤困难已为行业内共识。而精矿粒度变细,过滤脱水难度进一步增大。再者,悬浮焙烧工艺淘汰粉矿强磁选工艺后,提精降杂若全部采用阳离子反浮选工艺,其中泡沫带来的问题也会更加凸显。
基于镜铁山矿粗细不均匀嵌布的禀赋特性,为提高焙烧矿选矿工艺经济技术指标、提高资源利用率、改善细磨后焙烧精矿过滤工况,开展了选矿工艺优化研究工作。
实验室球磨机、立磨机以及艾萨磨机的容积及工作参数均不同,为了有效对比各磨矿设备的磨矿功效,采用绝对可磨度[1-3]来表征各磨矿设备的磨矿功效。绝对可磨度高,说明粉磨单位质量物料至产品合格时的电耗越高。
采用RS485三相四线多功能电能仪表测量磨矿电耗,采用秒表记录磨矿时间,采用激光粒度仪检测磨矿产品粒度。依据磨机加料量、磨矿功率、磨矿时间可计算不同磨矿设备处理单位质量物料的电耗:
式中W为测得的单位耗电量,kWh/t;w为绝对可磨度,kWh/t;P为产品可80%通过的粒度,这里P=20.43 μm,相当于磨矿细度-30 μm粒级占92.58%;F为给矿可80%通过的粒度,这里F=175.21 μm。
计算得到不同磨矿设备绝对可磨度如表5所示。表5数据表明,在F80=175.21 μm、P80=20.43 μm条件下,细磨时艾萨磨磨矿功效最高,其次为立磨机,球磨机磨矿功效最低。
生产现场使用半逆流型磁选机,磁系扫选区场强250~300 mT、精选区场强约180 mT、卸矿区场强约150 mT。试验室以TFe品位54.50%、-48 μm粒级占95%的悬浮焙烧三磁精矿为原料,采用电磁滚筒磁选机对原料脱磁后进行三段磁选,磁场强度为180 mT、分选浓度30%,磁选提精数质量流程见图1。从图1可知,磁选提精所得精矿TFe品位55.85%,尾矿TFe品位14.18%,作业回收率99.16%。经检测,精矿中SiO2含量10.45%。由此可知,在入选细度-48 μm粒级占95%时,磁选作业难以分选得到高品质精矿。
磁场场强110 mT,其他条件不变,磁选提精数质量流程见图2。从图2可知,悬浮焙烧三磁精矿磁选提精所得精矿TFe品位60.20%,尾矿TFe品位42.50%,作业回收率74.89%。经检测,精矿中SiO2含量5.23%。可见,磁选机场强110 mT时磁选可以获得高品质精矿,但尾矿品位不合格,需对该部分尾矿(以下称中矿)进行再选。
中矿浓度很低,采用350 mT中场强磁选机浓缩后TFe品位达到43.18%,再磨至-37 μm粒级占95%。采用电磁滚筒磁选机,在磁场强度260 mT条件下进行中矿磁选富集试验,试验数质量流程见图3。从图3可以看出,经过三段磁选,可以抛去作业产率27.57%的合格尾矿,精矿TFe品位达到54.80%。
酒钢阳离子反浮选工艺于2007年投产,经过多年生产实践,确定了行之有效的药剂制度:捕收剂用量(150±50)g/t(精选段用量为粗选段的一半),玉米淀粉用量(150±100)g/t,硫酸用量1 500~2 500 g/t(粗选段与精选段用量相同,实际用量以确保pH值8.8~9.6为宜)。结合酒钢生产现场工艺流程及药剂制度,采用一粗一精四扫闭路浮选流程,对磁选富集精矿进行了试验室反浮选试验,试验数质量流程见图4。闭路浮选精矿TFe品位59.60%、尾矿TFe品位21.65%、作业回收率95.00%、精矿中SiO2含量4.98%。
酒钢选矿厂工艺优化前后选矿流程及指标对比情况分别见图5表6。优化前采用立式搅拌磨机对焙砂粗精矿细磨至-48 μm粒级占95%,经三段磁选抛尾、磁选精矿一粗一精四扫反浮选工艺,精矿TFe品位58.10%、精矿中SiO2含量6.23%、金属回收率82.89%。优化后采用110 mT低场强磁选机对悬浮三磁精矿进行三段磁选,提前获得合格精矿,中矿采用中场强磁选机浓缩后再磨至-37 μm粒级占95%,采用260 mT弱磁选机经三段磁选富集抛去合格尾矿,以TFe品位54.80%的粗精矿给入浮选,最终精矿TFe品位60.06%、SiO2含量5.17%、金属回收率84.27%。优化后精矿TFe品位提高了1.96个百分点、金属回收率提高了1.38个百分点、SiO2含量降低了1.06个百分点。
1)工艺矿物学研究结果表明,酒钢悬浮焙烧磁铁矿铁矿物嵌布粒度粗细不均,整体偏细,磨矿细度-30 μm粒级含量达到92.6%,矿物单体解离度方可达到95%。
2)试验室研究结果表明,球磨机绝对可磨度为269.74 kWh/t,立磨机绝对可磨度为70.70 kWh/t,艾萨磨机绝对可磨度为1.67 kWh/t,细磨时艾萨磨磨矿功效最高,其次为立磨机。
3)工艺优化前,精矿TFe品位58.10%、SiO2含量6.23%、金属回收率82.89%;工艺优化后,采用110 mT低场强磁选机预先提精、中矿再磨再选的提质降杂工艺,最终精矿TFe品位60.06%、SiO2含量5.17%、金属回收率84.27%,精矿TFe品位提高了1.96个百分点、金属回收率提高了1.38个百分点、SiO2含量降低了1.06个百分点。
  • 中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(22ZY1QB002)
参考文献 引证文献
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余永富, 余侃萍, 陈雯. 国外部分选矿厂介绍及细粒级磨机的应用对比[J]. 矿冶工程, 2011(5): 26-31.
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2024年第44卷第3期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2024.03.015
  • 接收时间:2023-11-26
  • 首发时间:2026-03-17
  • 出版时间:2024-06-01
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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-26
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中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(22ZY1QB002)
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    1.甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司,甘肃 嘉峪关 735100
    2.酒钢集团 技术中心,甘肃 嘉峪关 735100
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
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占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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