Article(id=1289582652055470903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, issueId=1289582641997525721, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1324483200000, receivedDateStr=2011-12-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1785390063536, onlineDateStr=2026-07-30, pubDate=1332604800000, pubDateStr=2012-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1785390063536, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-07-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1785390063536, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1785390063536, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1289582641997525721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, year='2012', volume='7', issue='Z2', pageStart='5', pageEnd='102', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1332604800000', pubDateStr='2012-03-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1785390061139, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1785391952858, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1289590576488235117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, issueId=1289582641997525721, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1289590576492429422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, issueId=1289582641997525721, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=57, endPage=63, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1289582652223243064, articleId=1289582652055470903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, language=EN, title=Worksheet Development Based on Input-process-output (IPO) Theory, columnId=null, journalTitle=Studies on Science Popularization, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In recent years, along with the increasing number of science venues, their educational function has been paid much more attention. From the view of the school education, a new round of curriculum reform of education started in 2001. This reform stressed using the equipment and facilities in science and technology museums. This paper discussed the concept and function of worksheet, and tried to create a input-process-output (IPO) theory model, expecting to provide a reference for the related aspects.

, authors=Yan Qian, Juan Chang, authorsList=Yan Qian, Juan Chang, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1289582652424569657, articleId=1289582652055470903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, language=CN, title=构建学习单开发的输入—加工—输出（IPO）理论模型, columnId=0, journalTitle=科普研究, columnName=, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

近年来，随着科普场馆数量的增加，如何发挥场馆功能的问题跟随而至。我们常常可以看到，学校团体观众进入展厅后，更多地是随意走马看花，使校外参观教学变成旅游活动，一些场馆安排太多的抄写或聆听活动，消磨了孩子们在科技馆中主动探索的好奇与兴趣。从学校教育的角度看，2001年启动的新一轮课程改革对科技馆等校外教育资源提出需求，强调要发挥科技馆在展项、场地、队伍、器材设施等方面的优势。在这一背景下，开发基于科技馆资源的学习单等教学资料，将科技馆作为一种教学资源与学校科学课程进行有机的结合，将会使科技馆这个重要的社会资源为学校科学课程所服务，充分实现科技馆的教育价值。本文在对国内外已有科技馆教学的文献研究基础上，梳理了学习单的概念与功能，并试图构建学习单开发的输入—加工—输出（IPO）理论模型，期望对相关方面提供借鉴。

, authors=钱岩, 常娟, authorsList=钱岩, 常娟, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=4FkVuEVGfeavNII154pUrA==, magXml=iPFYBKbWGg3JpmWpFCv2uw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=Slk7rGyIWypE6wD2TDgUpw==, pdfFileSize=893715, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=mQv2f54QKwdIncN5+KubSg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1289582652734948158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=qianyan@cast.org.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1289582652814639936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, authorId=1289582652734948158, language=EN, stringName=Yan Qian, firstName=Yan, middleName=null, lastName=Qian, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=China Science and Technology Museum, Beijing 100012, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1289582652890137409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, authorId=1289582652734948158, language=CN, stringName=钱岩, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=中国科学技术馆，北京　100012, bio={"content":"

钱岩，中国科学技术馆高级工程师，研究方向为科技馆教育，Email：qianyan@cast.org.cn

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

钱岩，中国科学技术馆高级工程师，研究方向为科技馆教育，Email：qianyan@cast.org.cn

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1289582652617507642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1289582652630090555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, companyId=1289582652617507642, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=China Science and Technology Museum, Beijing 100012), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1289582652642673468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, companyId=1289582652617507642, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国科学技术馆，北京　100012)])]), Author(id=1289582656392381251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=cjsyc1021@tom.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1289582656488850245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, authorId=1289582656392381251, language=EN, stringName=Juan Chang, firstName=Juan, middleName=null, lastName=Chang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=China Science and Technology Museum, Beijing 100012, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1289582656560153414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, authorId=1289582656392381251, language=CN, stringName=常娟, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=中国科学技术馆，北京　100012, bio={"content":"

常娟，中国科学技术馆讲师，研究方向为科技馆教育，Email：cjsyc1021@tom.com。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

常娟，中国科学技术馆讲师，研究方向为科技馆教育，Email：cjsyc1021@tom.com。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1289582652617507642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1289582652630090555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, companyId=1289582652617507642, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=China Science and Technology Museum, Beijing 100012), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1289582652642673468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, companyId=1289582652617507642, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国科学技术馆，北京　100012)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1289582656648233799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=science and technology museum), Keyword(id=1289582656711148360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=worksheet), Keyword(id=1289582656778257225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=input-process-output (IPO) theory model), Keyword(id=1289582656853754699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=科技馆), Keyword(id=1289582656908280652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=学习单), Keyword(id=1289582656962806605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=输入—加工—输出（IPO）理论模型)], refs=null, funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1289582652617507642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1289582652630090555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, companyId=1289582652617507642, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=China Science and Technology Museum, Beijing 100012), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1289582652642673468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149652312894775300, articleId=1289582652055470903, companyId=1289582652617507642, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国科学技术馆，北京　100012)])], figs=null, attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146440324890603551, delFlag=0, nameCn=科普研究, nameEn=Studies on Science Popularization, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1673-8357, eissn=null, cn=11-5410/N, coden=null, periodic=1, language=CN, oaType=否, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=pV/pRanF7eG9/W4yv5xkuQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Studies on Science Popularization, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751262273288, updatedTime=1784016304865, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=K, firstLetterEn=K, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=Natural Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=pV/pRanF7eG9/W4yv5xkuQ==, picEn=II2MLPUvZa1TMVvInNCILw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1283820690667180890, language=CN, name=科普研究, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=中国科学技术协会, sponsoredBy=中国科普研究所, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1784016304890, updatedTime=1784016304890, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kpyj.ijournals.cn/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=https://kpyj.ijournals.cn/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=https://kpyj.ijournals.cn/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1283820690717512539, language=EN, name=Studies on Science Popularization, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1784016304902, updatedTime=1784016304902, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://kpyj.ijournals.cn/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=https://kpyj.ijournals.cn/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=https://kpyj.ijournals.cn/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1149652312894775300, websiteList=[Website(id=1215626754052510227, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149652312894775300, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kpyj/CN, language=CN, createTime=1767757603419, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1767757621852, updateBy=18614031015, name=科普研究-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=科普研究, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1215627237534122494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754052510227, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1767757718690, updateTime=1767757718690, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627237508956667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754052510227, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1767757718684, updateTime=1767757718684, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627237550899713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754052510227, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1767757718694, updateTime=1767757718694, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627237492179450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754052510227, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kpyj/CN/file/pic?fileId=aENtLEybvpaLgO4RjuRCgA==, createTime=1767757718681, updateTime=1767757718681, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627237563482627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754052510227, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1767757718697, updateTime=1767757718697, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627237525733885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754052510227, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kpyj/CN/file/pic, createTime=1767757718688, updateTime=1767757718688, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627237555094018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754052510227, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1767757718695, updateTime=1767757718695, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627237517345276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754052510227, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1767757718686, updateTime=1767757718686, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627237542511103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754052510227, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1767757718692, updateTime=1767757718692, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627237546705408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754052510227, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1767757718693, updateTime=1767757718693, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1215626754169950742, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149652312894775300, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kpyj/EN, language=EN, createTime=1767757603448, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1767757640334, updateBy=18614031015, name=科普研究-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Studies on Science Popularization, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1215627335731171870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754169950742, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1767757742102, updateTime=1767757742102, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627335706006043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754169950742, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1767757742096, updateTime=1767757742096, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627335752143393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754169950742, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1767757742107, updateTime=1767757742107, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627335685034522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754169950742, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kpyj/EN/file/pic?fileId=aENtLEybvpaLgO4RjuRCgA==, createTime=1767757742091, updateTime=1767757742091, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627335764726307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754169950742, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1767757742110, updateTime=1767757742110, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627335722783261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754169950742, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kpyj/EN/file/pic, createTime=1767757742100, updateTime=1767757742100, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627335760532002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754169950742, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1767757742109, updateTime=1767757742109, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627335714394652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754169950742, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1767757742098, updateTime=1767757742098, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627335739560479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754169950742, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1767757742104, updateTime=1767757742104, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1215627335747949088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1215626754169950742, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1767757742106, updateTime=1767757742106, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=科普研究, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://kpyj.ijournals.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Studies on Science Popularization, journalPhotoCn=pV/pRanF7eG9/W4yv5xkuQ==, journalPhotoEn=II2MLPUvZa1TMVvInNCILw==, journalFirstLetter=K, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kpyj/CN/Y2012/V7/IZ2/57, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kpyj/EN/Y2012/V7/IZ2/57, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kpyj/CN/PDF/Y2012/V7/IZ2/57, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kpyj/EN/PDF/Y2012/V7/IZ2/57, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=0, orderTime=1332604800000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)