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In the strategic context of the “Artificial Intelligence+” Action, enhancing national AI competence is a prerequisite for consolidating the foundations of an inclusive, intelligent society, activating New Quality Productive Forces, and securing a competitive national advantage. National AI competence can be tiered into two levels. The first is General AI Competence, designed for all citizens, and includes functional application, critical thinking, and ethical safety. The second is Domain AI Competence, aimed at professionals, focusing on process re-engineering, human-machine collaboration, and ethical governance. To advance this competence, we must move beyond spontaneous, fragmented individual efforts and establish it as a systemic public popularization endeavor. This requires strengthening top-level design, adopting a dual-track strategy of universal inclusion and targeted precision, consolidating the responsibilities of platforms and media, establishing social incentive and certification mechanisms, and building a continuously evolving popularization research support system.

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在“人工智能+”行动的战略背景下，提升全民AI胜任力是夯实普惠智能社会根基、激活新质生产力、打造国际竞争优势的必然要求。全民AI胜任力可划分为两个层次：一是面向全体公民，包含功能应用、批判思维与伦理安全的通用AI胜任力；二是面向专业人士，侧重流程重塑、人机协同与伦理治理的领域AI胜任力。提升全民AI胜任力，必须超越自发、零散的个体探索，将其作为一项系统性的公共科普事业。建议将全民AI胜任力纳入国家科普战略，采取普惠与精准相结合的双轨策略，压实平台媒体责任，优化普惠内容供给生态，建立社会化激励与认证机制，并构筑持续迭代的科普研究支撑体系。

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王硕，清华大学社会科学学院博士研究生，研究方向：科技伦理、科技传播、科技政策，E-mail：s-wang21@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn。

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王硕，清华大学社会科学学院博士研究生，研究方向：科技伦理、科技传播、科技政策，E-mail：s-wang21@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn。

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