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To address the challenge of structural deterioration caused by frequent cracking in the lining structures of deep-buried hydraulic tunnels in high-altitude areas, the enhancement of concrete's mechanical properties is investigated through the addition of fibers and determines the optimal fiber content for practical engineering application. Firstly, tests on the tensile, compressive, and flexural mechanical properties of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete (BFRC) with varying fiber contents were conducted, the variation patterns of concrete's tensile, compressive, and flexural mechanical properties under different volumetric fiber contents were obtained. Subsequently, a mesoscopic numerical model of fiber-reinforced concrete that truly reflects the microstructural factors such as aggregate shape, gradation, aspect ratio, fiber distribution, and initial defects was established. By comparing the mesoscopic numerical model with indoor axial tension test results, the mechanism of fiber reinforcement on the tensile strength of concrete was revealed. Finally, the optimal fiber content was analyzed. The results indicate that: Compared to the plain concrete, a fiber volume content of 0.2% is optimal, with the axial tensile strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of BFRC increased by 12.81%, 14.79%, and 21.26%, respectively. The error between the tensile strength of the fiber concrete predicted by the established mesoscopic numerical model and the indoor test results for plain (fiber) concrete is 4.24% (5.26%), and the model can accurately reflect the failure development process and macroscopic mechanical behavior of fiber-reinforced concrete specimens. The findings of this study can provide a reference for the design and application of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete structures.

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为解决高海拔深埋水工隧洞衬砌结构频繁开裂导致的结构劣化难题，研究采用掺加纤维方式提升混凝土的力学特性，并提出最优纤维掺量。首先开展了不同掺量玄武岩纤维混凝土（BFRC）拉伸、压缩及弯曲力学特性试验，获得了不同体积纤维掺量条件下混凝土拉伸、压缩及弯曲力学特性变化规律；然后，建立了能真实反映骨料形态、级配、长短轴比及纤维分布、初始缺陷等细观结构因素的纤维混凝土细观数值模型，通过细观数值模型和室内轴拉试验结果对比验证，揭示了纤维增强混凝土受拉强度的作用机理；最后，分析了纤维最优掺量。结果表明：与素混凝土相比，0.2%纤维体积掺量为最优纤维含量，BFRC的轴拉强度、劈拉强度和弯曲强度分别提高了12.81%、14.79%和21.26%。本文建立的纤维混凝土细观数值模型素（纤维）混凝土抗拉强度与室内试验素（纤维）混凝土抗拉强度误差分别为4.24%（5.26%），且可较为真实反映纤维混凝土试件的破坏发展过程和宏观力学行为。研究成果可为玄武岩纤维混凝土结构设计与工程应用提供借鉴与参考。

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邓志云（1990—），男，湖北天门人，博士，主要从事岩石力学、水工结构及隧道与地下工程安全稳定性研究。E-mail: zydeng@bjtu.edu.cn

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邓志云（1990—），男，湖北天门人，博士，主要从事岩石力学、水工结构及隧道与地下工程安全稳定性研究。E-mail: zydeng@bjtu.edu.cn

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