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In order to solve the problem that the dispersed degree of detection results for residual carbon in incoming inspections of diesel oil is high, the effects of constant weight operation on inspection data stabilization are explored by selecting such four key indexes as residual carbon, ash content, total pollutants and mechanical impurities with the control variate method in this study. The results showed that there were no obvious differences for the stabilization of two groups of data due to the mandatory constant weight in standard of detection of ash content; the relative standard deviations of detection results for residual carbon, total pollutants and mechanical impurities were increased to 5.3%, 8.7% and 7.9% respectively as well as dispersed degree of data was significantly increased without constant weight operation. In the detection of residual carbon for diesel oil, the uncertainty of weighing could be effectively reduced and system errors could be controlled by supplementing constant weight operation of empty sample tube so that the accuracy and repeatability of detection data in such situations as low residual carbon (≤0.1%) samples and proficiency testing could be improved. This study provides the references for quality control of detecting diesel oil in laboratory.

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为解决柴油入厂检验中残炭检测结果离散度高的问题，本研究选取残炭、灰分、总污染物及机械杂质等四项关键指标，采用控制变量法探究恒重操作对检测数据稳定性的影响。结果表明：由于灰分检测标准强制恒重，两组数据稳定性无明显差异；未执行恒重操作时，残炭、总污染物、机械杂质等检测结果的相对标准偏差分别升至5.3%、8.7%、7.9%，数据离散度显著增大。在柴油残炭检测中，补充空白试样管恒重操作可有效降低称量不确定度，控制系统误差，提升低残炭（≤0.1%）样品、能力验证等场景下检测数据的准确性与重复性。该研究为实验室柴油检测质量控制提供了借鉴。

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冯玉娟（1987-），女，内蒙古包头市人，工程师，现从事润滑油及燃料用油检测分析工作。

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冯玉娟（1987-），女，内蒙古包头市人，工程师，现从事润滑油及燃料用油检测分析工作。

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