Article(id=1202256144707314082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1202256135920246978, articleNumber=1009-5438(2025)05-0064-06, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1754496000000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-07, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764569801736, onlineDateStr=2025-12-01, pubDate=1761321600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764569801736, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-01, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764569801736, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764569801736, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1202256135920246978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2025', volume='51', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764569799642, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764570051432, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1202257192083747509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1202256135920246978, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1202257192083747510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1202256135920246978, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=64, endPage=69, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1202256145202241968, articleId=1202256144707314082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Analysis on Influencing Factors of Corrosion Resistance for Non-passivated Galvanized Steel Strip DX51D+Z, columnId=1187095652984042303, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Variety Quality and Experimental Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In this paper, the surface corrosion resistance of non-passivated galvanized steel strip DX51D+Z is studied with 24 h neutral salt spray test as well as the influences of such factors as amount of greasing on surface, standing time and surface treatment methods on formation of white rust on surface are investigated. The study results showed that the amount of greasing on surface and standing time after greasing were the main factors influencing corrosion resistance of non-passivated galvanized steel strip DX51D+Z. The corrosion resistance of non-passivated galvanized steel strip DX51D+Z could be effectively improved by optimizing such surface treatment processes as combining greasing in production line with manual greasing and controlling standing time after greasing within 96 h, which could meet the acceptance target of area of white rust on surface ≤5% after 24 h neutral salt spray test.

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文章采用24 h中性盐雾试验对非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z表面耐腐蚀性能开展研究,探究表面涂油量、静置时间及表面处理方式等因素对其表面生成白锈的影响。研究结果发现,表面涂油量和涂油后静置时间是影响非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z耐腐蚀性能的主要因素。通过优化表面处理工艺,如采用产线中涂油结合人工涂油,并控制涂油后静置时间不超过96 h,可有效提高非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z耐腐蚀性能,满足24 h中性盐雾试验后表面白锈面积不大于5%的验收目标。

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贾瑞雪(1987-),女,内蒙古包头市人,工程师,现从事板材应用技术研究工作。

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贾瑞雪(1987-),女,内蒙古包头市人,工程师,现从事板材应用技术研究工作。

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贾瑞雪(1987-),女,内蒙古包头市人,工程师,现从事板材应用技术研究工作。

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类型 评价方法
宏观观察 24 h中性盐雾试验结束后,取出试样,用清水冲洗掉表面的盐雾沉积物,吹干后观察试样表面的腐蚀情况,记录白锈的出现及面积占比
物相分析 采用荷兰帕纳克X射线衍射仪对试样表面的腐蚀产物进行物相分析[4],确定腐蚀产物的种类。工作条件为Co靶、电压50 kV、电流30 mA,连续扫描,每步停留20 s,步长0.025°
微观形貌及元素分析 采用LEOEVO50HV型扫描电镜观察试样表面的微观形貌,结合能谱仪分析腐蚀区域的化学成分
评价标准 根据试验要求,裸板试样表面白锈面积≤5%为合格
), ArticleFig(id=1202266699211956269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1202256144707314082, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z 24 h中性盐雾试验评价方法

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类型 评价方法
宏观观察 24 h中性盐雾试验结束后,取出试样,用清水冲洗掉表面的盐雾沉积物,吹干后观察试样表面的腐蚀情况,记录白锈的出现及面积占比
物相分析 采用荷兰帕纳克X射线衍射仪对试样表面的腐蚀产物进行物相分析[4],确定腐蚀产物的种类。工作条件为Co靶、电压50 kV、电流30 mA,连续扫描,每步停留20 s,步长0.025°
微观形貌及元素分析 采用LEOEVO50HV型扫描电镜观察试样表面的微观形貌,结合能谱仪分析腐蚀区域的化学成分
评价标准 根据试验要求,裸板试样表面白锈面积≤5%为合格
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非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z耐腐蚀性能影响因素分析
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贾瑞雪 , 秦蕊 , 姚熠莹 , 杨维宇 , 刘恩泽 , 陈建华 , 勤牧
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2025,51(5): 64-69
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2025, 51(5): 64-69
非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z耐腐蚀性能影响因素分析
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贾瑞雪, 秦蕊, 姚熠莹, 杨维宇, 刘恩泽, 陈建华, 勤牧
作者信息
  • 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 贾瑞雪(1987-),女,内蒙古包头市人,工程师,现从事板材应用技术研究工作。

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Corrosion Resistance for Non-passivated Galvanized Steel Strip DX51D+Z
Ruixue Jia, Rui Qin, Yiying Yao, Weiyu Yang, Enze Liu, Jianhua Chen, Mu Qin
Affiliations
  • Technical Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2025-10-25
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文章采用24 h中性盐雾试验对非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z表面耐腐蚀性能开展研究,探究表面涂油量、静置时间及表面处理方式等因素对其表面生成白锈的影响。研究结果发现,表面涂油量和涂油后静置时间是影响非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z耐腐蚀性能的主要因素。通过优化表面处理工艺,如采用产线中涂油结合人工涂油,并控制涂油后静置时间不超过96 h,可有效提高非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z耐腐蚀性能,满足24 h中性盐雾试验后表面白锈面积不大于5%的验收目标。

非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z  /  耐腐蚀性能  /  24 h中性盐雾试验  /  涂油量  /  静置时间  /  表面处理

In this paper, the surface corrosion resistance of non-passivated galvanized steel strip DX51D+Z is studied with 24 h neutral salt spray test as well as the influences of such factors as amount of greasing on surface, standing time and surface treatment methods on formation of white rust on surface are investigated. The study results showed that the amount of greasing on surface and standing time after greasing were the main factors influencing corrosion resistance of non-passivated galvanized steel strip DX51D+Z. The corrosion resistance of non-passivated galvanized steel strip DX51D+Z could be effectively improved by optimizing such surface treatment processes as combining greasing in production line with manual greasing and controlling standing time after greasing within 96 h, which could meet the acceptance target of area of white rust on surface ≤5% after 24 h neutral salt spray test.

non-passivated galvanized steel strip DX51D+Z  /  corrosion resistance  /  24 h neutral salt spray test  /  amount of greasing  /  standing time  /  surface treatment
贾瑞雪, 秦蕊, 姚熠莹, 杨维宇, 刘恩泽, 陈建华, 勤牧. 非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z耐腐蚀性能影响因素分析. 包钢科技, 2025 , 51 (5) : 64 -69 .
Ruixue Jia, Rui Qin, Yiying Yao, Weiyu Yang, Enze Liu, Jianhua Chen, Mu Qin. Analysis on Influencing Factors of Corrosion Resistance for Non-passivated Galvanized Steel Strip DX51D+Z[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2025 , 51 (5) : 64 -69 .
在现代工业领域,镀锌钢板因兼具成本优势与防护性能,被广泛应用于汽车车身、家电外壳等。非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z作为低碳钢基板的典型镀锌产品,其耐腐蚀性能直接影响产品的质量和使用寿命。然而,在实际应用中,非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z的耐腐蚀性能仍存在一些问题,如在盐雾环境下容易出现白锈等腐蚀现象,严重制约了其在高端领域的应用。因此,研究非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z耐腐蚀性能的影响因素,对于提高产品质量、拓展应用范围具有重要的意义[1]
目前,国内外学者对镀锌钢板的耐腐蚀性能进行了大量研究,主要集中在钝化工艺优化、合金化镀层开发等方向。胡大伟等通过对比热浸镀锌层在中性盐雾中的厚度损耗,发现锌层微观形貌与耐腐蚀效果呈显著相关性[2];田成伟等则指出循环盐雾试验中,镀锌板的镀层厚度与表面处理工艺是影响耐腐蚀性能的核心因素[3]。然而,针对非钝化镀锌钢带在涂油状态下的耐腐蚀性能研究相对较少,尤其是表面涂油量、涂油后静置时间等因素对其耐腐蚀性能的影响尚未形成系统性结论。本文通过24 h中性盐雾试验,深入研究表面涂油量、试样表面处理方式、静置时间等因素对非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z耐腐蚀性能的影响,为提高其耐腐蚀性能提供理论依据和技术支撑。
试验所用材料为某钢厂生产的非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z,厚度规格为0.5 mm、0.6 mm、1.0 mm。表面防锈油牌号为奎克N6130,轻涂油的涂油量为600 mg/m2,中涂油的涂油量为1 000 mg/m2,人工涂油的涂油量约为1 500 mg/m2。将不同厚度的钢板加工成尺寸为70 mm×200 mm的试样,为避免试验过程中试样边缘对腐蚀结果的影响,将试样四周用透明胶密封,试验面积约为9 000 mm2
根据BGJC/ZY-07-021《钢板或钢带镀锌盐雾试验作业指导书》,非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z 24 h中性盐雾试验采用的设备为T-YW-120H智能型盐雾试验箱,试验温度为30 ℃。为全面分析非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z在24 h中性盐雾试验中的腐蚀行为,采用宏观观察与微观分析相结合的方式评价腐蚀面积及腐蚀产物,具体试验评价方法如表1所示。
选取某钢厂生产的非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z试样,其中试样1(a)为钢厂较早生产的试样,放置时间在2个月以上,表面用塑料膜包覆,撕掉塑料膜后,表面基本处于无油状态;试样1(b)为钢厂镀锌产线近日生产的轻涂油试样;试样1(c)为钢厂较早生产试样并进行人工涂油,涂油量约为1 500 mg/m2。分别对试样1(a)、(b)、(c)进行24 h中性盐雾试验,试验后表面宏观形貌如图1所示。
经24 h中性盐雾试验后,试样1(a)、(b)表面均发生腐蚀,出现白锈,白锈面积为100%,而试样1(c)经人工涂油后未发生腐蚀。
试验结果表明,即使是产线刚生产的钢板,仅在产线进行轻涂油处理,24 h中性盐雾试验中仍会生成白锈,说明产线轻涂油的涂油量不足,无法提供足够的防护[5]。考虑到钢板生产与认证检测之间存在时间差,钢板表面的涂油可能会因时间推移而减少或失效,因此在中性盐雾试验前进行人工涂油处理是有必要的,能够有效提高非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z在中性盐雾试验中的耐腐蚀性能。
为探究酒精擦洗对非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z 24 h中性盐雾试验结果的影响,分别选取0.5 mm、0.6 mm两个规格的试样,每个规格取两块,检测试样表面峰值密度RPc值范围在80~100 cm-1。试样分为三组,第一组产线轻涂油,第二组酒精清洗表面后人工涂油,第三组产线轻涂油+人工涂油,三组试样24 h中性盐雾试验结果如图2所示。
第一组产线轻涂油的试样试验面积全部产生白锈;第二组用酒精擦洗表面后人工涂油试样部分产生白锈,其中一个试样的白锈面积约为试验面积的50%左右;第三组产线轻涂油+人工涂油试样未产生白锈。由试验结果可知,24 h中性盐雾腐蚀结果和表面涂油量有关,并且不能使用酒精擦洗试样表面。
采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪对上述三组24 h中性盐雾试验试样的表面形貌及物相进行分析,扫描电镜下试样表面形貌如图3所示。产线轻涂油试样经24 h中性盐雾试验后表面发生腐蚀,物相分析表明氧化产物为Zn(OH)2、Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O。图3(b)表明,试样表面经酒精擦洗后再人工涂油后,24 h中性盐雾试验后试样表面发生局部腐蚀,腐蚀部分生成Zn(OH)2、Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O等化合物,未腐蚀部分为单质锌,说明酒精擦洗表面再涂油,残留的水分子可能破坏油膜的连续性,试验时氯离子容易击穿油膜,降低试样表面的耐腐蚀性能。如图3(c)所示,试样经产线轻涂油+人工涂油后,经过24 h中性盐雾试验,试样表面未腐蚀,保留原始的凹坑和凸起形貌,物相分析表明表面残留少量的NaCl,绝大部分为单质锌。
为了验证产线中涂油对非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z 24 h中性盐雾试验结果的影响,选取厚度为1.0 mm的钢板作为试样,对其表面进行中涂油,涂油量为1 000 mg/m2。试样分为两组,第一组2块试样为产线中涂油+人工涂油;第二组2块试样为产线中涂油,试验结果如图4所示。
第一组产线中涂油+人工涂油试样经24 h中性盐雾试验,表面只产生少量白锈;第二组产线中涂油试样经24 h中性盐雾试验,表面产生白锈,白锈面积约占80%。在上述探究酒精擦洗对24 h中性盐雾试验影响的试验中,其中产线轻涂油试样经24 h中性盐雾试验,表面全部产生白锈,白锈面积占100%。对比可知,第二组产线中涂油试样的腐蚀情况相较产线轻涂油试样有明显改善。因此,非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z 24 h中性盐雾试验结果和表面涂油量有关,生产时表面涂油量由轻涂油调整为中涂油,可以改善其耐腐蚀性能[6]
试验结果进一步证实了涂油量对非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z耐腐蚀性能有重要影响。产线中涂油的涂油量(1 000 mg/m2)高于产线轻涂油(600 mg/m2),能够在一定程度上延缓腐蚀的发生和发展,但仅靠产线中涂油仍无法满足 24 h中性盐雾试验白锈面积≤5%的要求,需结合人工轻涂油才能达到理想的防护效果。
因防锈油具有挥发性,钢卷从生产到开始进行24 h中性盐雾试验有时间间隔,需要研究表面涂油后静置时间对24 h中性盐雾试验的影响。选取厚度规格为0.6 mm的非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z试样6块,进行人工涂油处理并封边,分别静置24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h、120 h、144 h后,依次进行24 h中性盐雾试验,观察涂油后不同静置时间对非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z 24 h中性盐雾试验结果的影响。涂油后不同静置时间试验钢板表面腐蚀情况如图5所示。
随着试样涂油后静置时间的延长,试样表面的耐腐蚀性能逐渐下降。如图5(a)~(d)所示,人工涂油后静置24~96 h,人工涂油能够为试样提供有效的防护,使其在 24 h中性盐雾试验中不发生腐蚀;如图5(e)所示,当人工涂油后静置时间达到120 h后,防护效果明显减弱,开始出现白锈,白锈比例约为25%;随静置时间增加,表面腐蚀程度加剧,产生的白锈面积增加,当人工涂油后静置144 h,如图5(f)所示,试样表面白锈占比达到60%。
在实际的认证检测过程中,为确保非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z能够通过24 h中性盐雾试验,人工涂油后的静置时间应严格控制在96 h以内,以保证涂油层的防护效果。
在盐雾环境中,非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z的腐蚀主要是电化学腐蚀。当镀锌层表面涂油量不足或受到破坏时,电解质溶液与镀锌层和基体铁形成微小原电池,锌作为阳极发生氧化反应,生成Zn2+,铁作为阴极发生吸氧腐蚀,生成OH-。随着腐蚀的进行,Zn2+和OH-反应生成Zn(OH)2,即白锈。当涂油量充足时,涂油层起到物理隔离作用,阻止电解质溶液与镀锌层接触,从而抑制电化学腐蚀的发生。
综合以上试验结果,影响非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z耐腐蚀性能的主要因素为表面涂油量和涂油后静置时间。表面涂油量不足时,镀锌层在盐雾环境中容易发生电化学腐蚀,生成白锈;表面涂油后静置时间过长,涂油层可能发生氧化或挥发,导致试样耐腐蚀性能下降[7-8]
为提高非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z的耐腐蚀性能,建议采用产线中涂油(1 000 mg/m2)结合人工涂油的表面处理工艺,并控制涂油后静置时间不超过96 h。这种优化措施可以有效增加钢带表面涂油量,形成良好的物理隔离层,抑制电化学腐蚀。该优化措施在汽车及家电行业具有广阔的应用前景,可提高产品的耐腐蚀性能和使用寿命,满足高端客户的需求,提升产品的市场竞争力。
(1)影响非钝化镀锌钢带DX51D+Z 24 h中性盐雾腐蚀的主要因素为表面涂油量及涂油后静置时间。
(2)产线涂油量增加会明显改善试样腐蚀情况,要达到24 h中性盐雾试验后表面白锈面积≤5%的目标,推荐采用产线中涂油+人工涂油的表面处理方法,且涂油后静置时间不超过96 h。
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  • 接收时间:2025-08-07
  • 首发时间:2025-12-01
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  • 收稿日期:2025-08-07
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    内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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