Article(id=1199810036722664066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199810028623458694, articleNumber=1009-5438(2022)06-0058-06, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1656864000000, receivedDateStr=2022-07-04, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763986604147, onlineDateStr=2025-11-24, pubDate=1671897600000, pubDateStr=2022-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763986604147, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763986604147, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763986604147, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1199810028623458694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2022', volume='48', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763986602216, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764034375076, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200010402584163079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199810028623458694, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200010402584163080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199810028623458694, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=58, endPage=63, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1199810037188231838, articleId=1199810036722664066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Production Technology Development of Vanadium Nitrogen Alloying S450J0 H-type High Strength Steel Pile, columnId=1187340471245357385, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Quality of Variety and Experiment and Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The S450J0 steel pile is vanadium nitrogen alloy steel in H section steel family as well as it is with such characteristics as high strength, heavy gauge, good impact toughness and weldability. In the paper, its key technologies and processes are mainly introduced. The composition of steel is designed as well as the relevant smelting, continuous casting and rolling processes are formulated based on the performance requirements of products. The production practices show that the composition design of S450J0 is reasonable and products could meet the requirements of technical agreement. The technical difficulties are the stable control of high nitrogen content in industrial productions and rolling of heavy gauge with small compression ratio.

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S450J0钢桩是H型钢家族中的钒氮合金化钢,其特点为高强度厚规格并具有良好的冲击韧性及焊接性。文章主要介绍其关键技术和工艺,根据产品的性能要求,设计了钢种成分,制定了相关冶炼、连铸及轧制工艺。生产实践表明,S450J0成分设计合理,产品满足技术协议要求,技术难点在于工业生产时高氮含量的稳定控制和小压缩比的厚规格轧制。

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冯岩青(1977-),女,内蒙古包头市人,博士,副教授,主要从事新产品研发及智能焊接工作。

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冯岩青(1977-),女,内蒙古包头市人,博士,副教授,主要从事新产品研发及智能焊接工作。

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冯岩青(1977-),女,内蒙古包头市人,博士,副教授,主要从事新产品研发及智能焊接工作。

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C Si Mn P S N V Cu
≤0.20 ≤0.55 ≤1.70 ≤0.030 ≤0.030 ≤0.025 ≤0.13 ≤0.55
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S450J0化学成分(质量分数) %

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C Si Mn P S N V Cu
≤0.20 ≤0.55 ≤1.70 ≤0.030 ≤0.030 ≤0.025 ≤0.13 ≤0.55
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项目 屈服强度
ReH/MPa
抗拉强度
Rm/MPa
断裂后最小
延伸率/%
0 纵向冲
击功KV2/J
标准 ≥430 550~720 ≥17 ≥27
协议 ≥450 550~720 ≥17 ≥27
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S450J0技术指标

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项目 屈服强度
ReH/MPa
抗拉强度
Rm/MPa
断裂后最小
延伸率/%
0 纵向冲
击功KV2/J
标准 ≥430 550~720 ≥17 ≥27
协议 ≥450 550~720 ≥17 ≥27
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规格 截面尺寸/mm 理论重量
/(kg·m-1)
H B t1 t2 r
UBP305×305×223 337.9 325.7 30.3 30.4 15.2 223
UBP305×305×149 318.5 316.0 20.6 20.7 15.2 149
UC305×305×180 326.7 319.7 24.8 24.8 15.2 180
UC305×305×283 365.3 322.2 26.8 44.1 15.2 283
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欧标S450J0规格

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规格 截面尺寸/mm 理论重量
/(kg·m-1)
H B t1 t2 r
UBP305×305×223 337.9 325.7 30.3 30.4 15.2 223
UBP305×305×149 318.5 316.0 20.6 20.7 15.2 149
UC305×305×180 326.7 319.7 24.8 24.8 15.2 180
UC305×305×283 365.3 322.2 26.8 44.1 15.2 283
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规格 屈服强度ReH/MPa 抗拉强度Rm/MPa 断裂后最小延伸率/% 0 纵向冲击功KV2/J
UBP305×305×223 492~508 630~655 23~24 40~70
UC305×305×180 483~545 640~711 22~25 45~75
UC305×305×283 475~500 600~637 22~24 40~77
UBP305×305×149 488~537 656~703 22~24 42~81
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工业试制S450J0力学性能

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规格 屈服强度ReH/MPa 抗拉强度Rm/MPa 断裂后最小延伸率/% 0 纵向冲击功KV2/J
UBP305×305×223 492~508 630~655 23~24 40~70
UC305×305×180 483~545 640~711 22~25 45~75
UC305×305×283 475~500 600~637 22~24 40~77
UBP305×305×149 488~537 656~703 22~24 42~81
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夹杂物/级 晶粒度/级 组织
A B C D Ds
2.0 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 9.5 铁素体+珠光体
2.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 9.5 铁素体+珠光体
1.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.5 9.5 铁素体+珠光体
0.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 0.5 9.0 铁素体+珠光体
1.0 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 9.5 铁素体+珠光体
0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 9.5 铁素体+珠光体
1.5 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.5 9.5 铁素体+珠光体
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金相检测结果

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夹杂物/级 晶粒度/级 组织
A B C D Ds
2.0 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 9.5 铁素体+珠光体
2.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 9.5 铁素体+珠光体
1.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.5 9.5 铁素体+珠光体
0.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 0.5 9.0 铁素体+珠光体
1.0 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 9.5 铁素体+珠光体
0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 9.5 铁素体+珠光体
1.5 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.5 9.5 铁素体+珠光体
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钒氮合金化S450J0 H型高强钢桩的生产技术开发
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冯岩青 1 , 吴娟 1 , 卢雄慧 2 , 刘舵 3 , 吕超 4 , 卜向东 5
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2022,48(6): 58-63
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2022, 48(6): 58-63
钒氮合金化S450J0 H型高强钢桩的生产技术开发
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冯岩青1, 吴娟1, 卢雄慧2, 刘舵3, 吕超4, 卜向东5
作者信息
  • 1 包头职业技术学院, 内蒙古 包头 014030
  • 2 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司炼钢厂, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 3 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司轨梁厂, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 4 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司营销中心, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 5 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 冯岩青(1977-),女,内蒙古包头市人,博士,副教授,主要从事新产品研发及智能焊接工作。

Production Technology Development of Vanadium Nitrogen Alloying S450J0 H-type High Strength Steel Pile
Yan-qing Feng1, Juan Wu1, Xiong-hui Lu2, Duo Liu3, Chao Lv4, Xiang-dong Bu5
Affiliations
  • 1 Baotou Vocational Technical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 2 Steel-making Plant of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 3 Rail and Beam Rolling Plant of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 4 Marketing Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 5 Technical Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2022-12-25
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S450J0钢桩是H型钢家族中的钒氮合金化钢,其特点为高强度厚规格并具有良好的冲击韧性及焊接性。文章主要介绍其关键技术和工艺,根据产品的性能要求,设计了钢种成分,制定了相关冶炼、连铸及轧制工艺。生产实践表明,S450J0成分设计合理,产品满足技术协议要求,技术难点在于工业生产时高氮含量的稳定控制和小压缩比的厚规格轧制。

S450J0  /  H型钢桩  /  高合金钢  /  高强度  /  厚规格

The S450J0 steel pile is vanadium nitrogen alloy steel in H section steel family as well as it is with such characteristics as high strength, heavy gauge, good impact toughness and weldability. In the paper, its key technologies and processes are mainly introduced. The composition of steel is designed as well as the relevant smelting, continuous casting and rolling processes are formulated based on the performance requirements of products. The production practices show that the composition design of S450J0 is reasonable and products could meet the requirements of technical agreement. The technical difficulties are the stable control of high nitrogen content in industrial productions and rolling of heavy gauge with small compression ratio.

S450J0  /  H-type steel pile  /  high alloy steel  /  high strength  /  heavy gauge
冯岩青, 吴娟, 卢雄慧, 刘舵, 吕超, 卜向东. 钒氮合金化S450J0 H型高强钢桩的生产技术开发. 包钢科技, 2022 , 48 (6) : 58 -63 .
Yan-qing Feng, Juan Wu, Xiong-hui Lu, Duo Liu, Chao Lv, Xiang-dong Bu. Production Technology Development of Vanadium Nitrogen Alloying S450J0 H-type High Strength Steel Pile[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2022 , 48 (6) : 58 -63 .
欧标S450J0 H型高强钢桩是包钢热轧H型钢家族产品中强度最高、合金含量最高、单重最大的型钢产品。钢桩翼缘和腹板厚度尺寸在30.3 mm左右,是包钢H型钢产线现有热轧H型钢中的最厚规格,为保证产品性能及表面质量,采用钒氮合金化设计思想。由于采用异型坯生产,H型钢桩相比其他规格的压缩比要小很多(压缩比在3.6,其他规格的压缩比在7.0以上),属于低压缩比厚壁H型钢,同时要求有高的强度、良好的冲击韧性和焊接性,因此是包钢型钢产品中生产难度较大的产品之一。该类产品主要通过焊接等方式用于制作框架结构,应用于浅海及沼泽地带、房屋建筑体系、深基坑支护体系等工民建领域[1-2]
S450J0 H型钢桩的生产工艺流程为铁水预处理→转炉→LF精炼炉→异型坯连铸机→加热→BD粗轧→CCS万能精轧→冷却→热锯→冷床→矫直→定尺→入库。
S450J0高强钢桩执行欧标EN 10025-2—2004,S450J0钢桩化学成分应符合表1规定,碳当量Cev=ω(C)+ω(Mn)/6+(ω(Cr)+ω(Mo)+ω(V))/5+(ω(Ni)+ω(Cu))/15,Cev≤0.45。力学性能及外形尺寸应同时满足欧标EN 10034—1993中的相关要求,见表2
S450J0钢桩是迄今为止包钢H型钢产品中强度最高、规格最厚、单重最大的H型钢,采用钒氮合金配钒,钒含量直接达到出口退税的合金钢要求,其生产技术难点在于工业生产时高氮含量的控制和厚规格轧制。
(1)氮含量控制困难。S450J0钢桩具有高强度的同时还要满足中低温韧性,钢中的氮含量应控制在0.015%~0.018%。实际生产中在转炉工位,未加钒氮合金的钢水氮含量在0.004%~0.008%之间波动,大量的钒氮合金加入钢水后难以保证氮含量的稳定,直接导致产品性能存在波动。
(2)厚规格轧制。S450J0钢桩规格符合欧标EN 10034—1993,表3是包钢供货香港的四个规格。生产难点在于采用BB2坯型(555 mm×440 mm×105 mm×95 mm)轧制UBP305×305×223、UBP305×305×149、UC305×305×180、UC305×305×283四个规格。生产中UC 305×305×283规格的翼板顶端尺寸不合,这是因为采用BB2(555 mm×440 mm×105 mm×95 mm)坯型,该坯型翼缘尖部厚度为69 mm、翼缘根部厚度为121 mm、翼缘高度为167.5 mm,而UC305×305×283规格的翼缘厚度t2为44.1 mm,即从铸坯的69 mm仅压到44.1 mm,铸坯到成品的压缩比极小,钢桩的腿尖部难以充满金属,见图1。压缩比表述式为:
压缩比= $\frac{铸坯翼缘厚度-成品翼缘厚度}{铸坯翼缘厚度}$=(69-44.1)/69=36%
碳对钢的强度和硬度影响最大,是最有效的强化元素之一。钢中碳含量增加,上屈服点和抗拉强度升高,但塑性和冲击韧性会降低。同时碳是增加碳当量的最主要元素,随着碳含量的增加,焊接性恶化。企业与用户签订的技术协议要求高于标准要求,表现在上屈服强度大于450 MPa,并兼顾高强度、0 ℃冲击韧性及焊接性,将碳含量控制在0.16%~0.19%。
硅能显著提高钢的屈服点和抗拉强度,但会使钢的延伸率、收缩率和冲击韧性有所降低,同时易形成带状组织,因此S450J0硅含量控制目标为0.55%以下。
锰在炼钢过程中是良好的脱氧剂,同时锰是提高钢的强度和硬度、改善韧性的重要合金元素,锰对强度及韧性的提高是由于珠光体相对量增加、固溶强化及一定程度的细化晶粒所引起的,但过高的锰含量容易引起偏析降低纵向冲击韧性,因此锰含量控制在1.35%~1.45%。
S450J0钢实现高强度的最主要合金元素是V和N,这是因为热轧H型钢当碳含量范围在0.16%~0.19%、锰含量范围在1.35%~1.45%时,钢的上屈服强度在355 MPa左右,而S450J0钢桩在355 MPa钢的基础上必须通过添加大量的钒氮合金才能实现上屈服强度大于450 MPa的要求。合金钢标准规定,当钒含量大于0.11%称之为合金钢,并可出口退税。V(C,N)在基体中析出,促进晶内铁素体的形成,细化铁素体晶粒,起到细化铁素体晶粒、提高钢的强度和韧性的作用。在高氮钢中,钒含量每增加0.01%时,屈服强度增加10~25 MPa左右,因此S450J0通过添加钒氮合金配钒,钒含量范围在0.11%~0.13%[1-3]
碳当量是评价冷裂纹敏感性的指标,碳当量值越高,钢的淬硬倾向就越大,钢的冷裂纹敏感性也就越大,焊接性就越差。S450J0钢桩要求Cev≤0.45(碳当量以国际焊接协会IIW推荐的公式进行计算),所以在成分设计时,考虑高强度的同时,还应避免碳当量超过0.45。因此当ω(C)=0.19%(碳上限)和ω(V)=0.13%(钒上限)时,必须控制锰含量范围为1.35%~1.40%,确保碳当量不超上限(Cev=0.449);当ω(Mn)=1.45%(锰上限)和ω(V)=0.13%(钒上限)时,必须控制碳含量范围为0.16%~0.18%,确保碳当量不超上限(Cev=0.447)。
转炉冶炼过程中,强化脱磷、脱硫。冶炼过程中控制合适的枪位和加料时机,渣料于终点前3 min加完。终点压枪时间不低于30 s,终点控制ω(C)≥0.06%,ω(S)<0.020%,ω(P)<0.02%。采用单渣工艺冶炼,做到初期早化渣,过程化好渣,终渣化透。出钢过程中,减少钢水二次污染。出钢温度控制在1 530~1 550 ℃。采用硅锰、硅铁、钒氮合金进行合金化,放钢前称量好合金,钒含量根据工艺控制,合金成分按中限控制。采用渣洗精炼、炉渣改质和软吹氩等工艺,精炼出站前软吹氩7~12 min,并喂入一定数量的钙线,保证夹杂物的充分上浮和形态改变,有效地减少钢中氧含量。根据炉渣的黏度、颜色及泡沫化程度调整炉渣,出站前顶渣应达到白渣或黄白渣。连铸采用全保护浇注,中间包采用碱性覆盖剂,减少钢水二次氧化,浇注过程液面要保持恒定,过热度控制在小于35 ℃,二次冷却采用弱冷,拉速要求控制在0.8~1.1 m/min。尽量减少铸坯疏松、缩孔及偏析,提高铸坯内外在质量。
S450J0钢桩属于厚规格高强度合金钢,钒含量高达0.12%以上,钢中没有Cr、Ni、Cu等合金元素,但比普通的H型钢壁厚,因此对加热及轧制工艺进行了规范。加热控制目标为预热段温度不低于800 ℃、加热Ⅰ段上下温度不低于1 000 ℃、加热Ⅱ段上下温度不低于1 150 ℃、加热Ⅲ段上下温度不低于1 300 ℃、均热段温度不低于1 280 ℃,每段的4个测温点均不准超温度上限,BD1开轧温度控制在1 120~1 180 ℃。由于S450J0钢桩规格厚,所以在预热段停留时间较同类产品的H型钢稍长。
在更换H 305 mm×305 mm钢坯料时,前面空出四个步距,避免受到前面品种加热温度的影响。为保证试轧工艺及工序调整时不受出料口的影响,同时保证钢坯在炉内便于分段控制,要求每两个步距装入一支钢坯,目的是当生产不正常时,可将生产不利因素对加热质量的威胁降低到最小。
具体控制方案:
(1)装钢前20 min将加热Ⅰ段所有烧嘴关闭,避免急速升温产生坯料缺陷。
(2)在加热该钢种时,对上下烧嘴进行调整,烧嘴喷出的火焰长度不超过炉宽的2/3,同时要倒换烧嘴,避免局部温度过高造成加热质量事故;每班接班时,必须首先检查烧嘴情况。
(3)钢坯避免快烧快出,加热Ⅱ段目标温度控制在1 100 ℃,不超过1 150 ℃,进入加热Ⅲ段后可以快速提温,均热段目标温度控制在1 250 ℃,遇到长时间停轧复产后提温,可以控制在1 250 ℃,但不超1 280 ℃。
(4)开轧温度尽可能适中,温度控制在1 150~1 180 ℃之间,温度太高无法保证冲击韧性,温度太低厚壁轧制力过大引起跳闸,轧钢需要提温时应联系调度室增加保温时间,保证开轧温度适中,应保证终轧温度在920~950 ℃。
使用异形坯料生产,加热后使用BD轧机开坯,在CCS轧机的精轧组孔采用四辊万能模式往复轧制成断面尺寸符合要求的成品H型钢。
BD开坯机配置3个开坯孔型,分别为1个立压孔型及2个异形孔型,共轧制7道次,CCS配置了UR、E、UF孔型,使用万能轧制工艺连续往复轧制7道次。为了保证成品的尺寸重新设计了各孔压下量分配制度、连轧速度,通过合理的轧制变形保证成品H型钢尺寸稳定。
经过三轮次的工业试制,通过不断优化成分、冶炼工艺及轧钢工艺,UBP305×305×223、UBP305×305×149、UC305×305×180、UC305×305×283四个规格的力学性能见表4。从同样的成分设计下,可以看出UBP305×305×223和UC305×305×283的强度最合理,而UBP305×305×149、UC305×305×180强度偏高,个别抗拉强度接近上限720 MPa,这是因为规格为UBP305×305×223和UC305×305×283钢桩的腿部厚度大于规格UBP305×305×149和规格UC305×305×180的腿部厚度,所以相同的成分下,相对薄壁的钢桩强度更高一些,这在今后的实际生产中应该将成分按规格进行窄范围细分更为合理,满足性能的同时降低制造成本。
S450J0四个规格的0 ℃冲击功均在40 J以上,部分冲击功值可达到80 J,平均冲击功为50 J,既满足了轧制态的高强度,又满足了冲击韧性。S450J0钢桩为轧态交货,由于其碳含量较高,又添加了大量的钒氮合金,因此冲击韧性均值很难达到100 J以上的高韧性,冶炼过程要求有充分的时间保证合金充分溶解且均匀化,保证钢水的洁净度,同时避免产生C、Mn偏析,氮完全以VN的形式存在,不能以游离氮的形式存在是保证冲击韧性的必要条件。今后的生产通过不同规格的窄成分范围细分,降低强度的同时,可提高S450J0的冲击韧性。
对7炉工业试验钢进行了金相组织检验,从检测结果可以看出个别炉次试验钢的硫化物较高。通过控制夹杂物后,再次工业试制的试验钢夹杂物控制水平良好,晶粒尺寸细小,组织均为珠光体+铁素体,通过扫描电镜的能谱分析,未发现氮化物,表5为金相检测结果,图2(a)为硫化物夹杂物,图2(b)为金相组织。
通过扫描电镜对工业试制的S450J0进行了断口分析,断口面上的韧带区不明显,裂纹起源于冲击试样开槽处,裂纹源区及扩展区断口形貌均为河流状花样的解理形貌并伴有少量韧带,同时断口上有少量二次裂纹,断口的整体形貌与冲击韧性偏低具有一致性,见图3
(1)采用单一添加钒氮合金生产的S450J0性能满足技术要求。
(2)S450J0钢桩生产技术难点在于难以保证氮含量的稳定性,导致产品性能存在波动;厚规格轧制时,铸坯到成品的压缩比小,钢桩的腿尖部难以充满金属。
(3)相同的成分设计下,S450J0薄壁钢桩的强度富裕量大,厚壁钢桩的强度适中,下一步在实际生产中应将成分按规格进行窄范围细分,达到满足性能的同时降低制造成本。
(4)S450J0钢桩0 ℃冲击均值为50 J,满足技术要求,但冲击韧性偏低。
(5)S450J0钢桩轧制过程工艺窗口宽,对温度敏感性不强。开轧温度尽可能适中,温度太高无法保证冲击韧性,温度太低厚壁轧制力过大引起跳闸,应保证终轧温度在920~950 ℃。
  • 包头职业技术学院“新材料工艺改进及性能控制”2022年科研创新团队(2022BZYKC04)
参考文献 引证文献
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方金林, 武玉利, 李超, 等. S450J0 H型钢桩生产实践[J]. 江西冶金, 2016, 36(1):22-26.
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朱秋菊, 张蕾, 李同敬. 高强度厚壁H型钢桩轧制工艺优化研究[J]. 江西冶金, 2013, 33(4):38-44.
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2022年第48卷第6期
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  • 接收时间:2022-07-04
  • 首发时间:2025-11-24
  • 出版时间:2022-12-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-04
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包头职业技术学院“新材料工艺改进及性能控制”2022年科研创新团队(2022BZYKC04)
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    1 包头职业技术学院, 内蒙古 包头 014030
    2 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司炼钢厂, 内蒙古 包头 014010
    3 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司轨梁厂, 内蒙古 包头 014010
    4 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司营销中心, 内蒙古 包头 014010
    5 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心, 内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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