Article(id=1199810033224614425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199810028623458694, articleNumber=1009-5438(2022)06-0019-05, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1648137600000, receivedDateStr=2022-03-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763986603313, onlineDateStr=2025-11-24, pubDate=1671897600000, pubDateStr=2022-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763986603313, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763986603313, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763986603313, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1199810028623458694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2022', volume='48', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763986602216, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764034375076, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200010402584163079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199810028623458694, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200010402584163080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199810028623458694, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=19, endPage=23, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1199810033648239130, articleId=1199810033224614425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Development of Φ73 mm Pass Series for Fine Quality Mill (FQM)-Φ100 mm Mandrel Pipe Mill, columnId=1187100781414069182, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Production Practices and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In the paper, the design thought and development of Φ73 mm pass series for FQM (Fine Quality Mill)-Φ100 mm mandrel pipe mill with six stands are mainly introduced. When design this series of pass of mandrel pipe mill, the “distribution method of coefficient of elongation on top of pass” is adopted so that the applications of development technology of minimum pass series of mandrel pipe mill with retained mandrel are realized. The industrial results showed that the wall thickness accuracy of seamless steel pipe produced by the pass of mandrel pipe mill designed with this technology is within±8% as well as the internal and external surface qualities of steel pipe are good.

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文章主要介绍六机架FQM(Fine Quality Mill)-Φ100 mm连轧管机组关于Φ73 mm孔型系列的设计思路与开发情况。在设计该系列的连轧机组孔型时采用“孔型顶部延伸系数分配方法”,采用该方法设计的Φ73 mm连轧管机组孔型系列,实现了限动芯棒连轧管机组最小孔型系列开发技术的落地应用。工业化结果表明,采用该技术设计的连轧机孔型生产的无缝钢管壁厚精度达到±8%范围以内,钢管内外表面质量良好。

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王增海(1982-),男,河北省沧州市人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事无缝钢管生产管理和新产品研发工作。

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王增海(1982-),男,河北省沧州市人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事无缝钢管生产管理和新产品研发工作。

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王增海(1982-),男,河北省沧州市人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事无缝钢管生产管理和新产品研发工作。

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PQF、CPS和PAM轧管新工艺浅论[J]. 钢管, 2007, 36(2):31-34., articleTitle=PQF、CPS和PAM轧管新工艺浅论, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200024817740120822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=38, issue=3, pageStart=46, pageEnd=48, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=岳世斌, 刘永利, 郭火星, journalName=钢管, refType=null, unstructuredReference=岳世斌, 刘永利, 郭火星. PQF连轧管机组382 mm孔型的设计与开发[J]. 钢管, 2009, 38(3):46-48., articleTitle=PQF连轧管机组382 mm孔型的设计与开发, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200024817861755642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=34, pageEnd=36, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=卫晓崙, 郭火星, 殷雪峰, journalName=钢管, refType=null, unstructuredReference=卫晓崙, 郭火星, 殷雪峰. PQF连轧管机Φ488 mm孔型的设计与开发[J]. 钢管, 2010, 39(2):34-36., articleTitle=PQF连轧管机Φ488 mm孔型的设计与开发, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200024817958224638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=41, issue=6, pageStart=60, pageEnd=62, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=高瑞全, 周晓锋, journalName=钢管, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高瑞全, 周晓锋. PQF连轧管机两种不同换辊方式机型的对比分析[J]. 钢管, 2012, 41(6):60-62., articleTitle=PQF连轧管机两种不同换辊方式机型的对比分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200024818075665152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=41, issue=1, pageStart=64, pageEnd=67, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=李晓忠, 白屺峰, 周晓锋, journalName=钢管, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李晓忠, 白屺峰, 周晓锋, 等. Φ258 mm PQF连轧管机组连轧辊的优化设计与应用[J]. 钢管, 2012, 41(1):64-67., articleTitle=Φ258 mm PQF连轧管机组连轧辊的优化设计与应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200024818184717059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=42, issue=1, pageStart=34, pageEnd=39, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=吴明宏, 李卫河, journalName=钢管, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴明宏, 李卫河. 包钢Φ460 mm三辊连轧管机组的工艺装备特点[J]. 钢管, 2013, 42(1):34-39., articleTitle=包钢Φ460 mm三辊连轧管机组的工艺装备特点, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200024818285380358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=49, issue=2, pageStart=45, pageEnd=48, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=卢立锋, 王庆伟, journalName=钢管, refType=null, unstructuredReference=卢立锋, 王庆伟. PQF三辊连轧管机辊缝调整[J]. 钢管, 2020, 49(2):45-48., articleTitle=PQF三辊连轧管机辊缝调整, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200024818394432265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=37, issue=1, pageStart=51, pageEnd=56, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=郭海明, 姜长华, 李道刚, journalName=钢管, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郭海明, 姜长华, 李道刚. Φ159 mm MPM连轧管机的孔型开发与优化[J]. 钢管, 2008, 37(1):51-56., articleTitle=Φ159 mm MPM连轧管机的孔型开发与优化, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200024807967392210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200024807975780819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, companyId=1200024807967392210, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Special Steel Tube Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200024807984169429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, companyId=1200024807967392210, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=内蒙古包钢特种钢管有限公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1200024815521333908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=n+vTAGz1whOBzLgGigFKDg==, figureFileBig=CxTKpG2ywgOtWeVX8Iq3xQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200024815726854808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, language=CN, label=图1, caption=连轧孔型轮廓

α1-脱离角;α4-连接角;O1-槽顶弧圆心;O2-脱离弧圆心;O5-连接弧圆心;R1-槽顶弧半径;R2-脱离弧半径;R5-连接弧半径;E-偏心距;S-辊缝值

, figureFileSmall=n+vTAGz1whOBzLgGigFKDg==, figureFileBig=CxTKpG2ywgOtWeVX8Iq3xQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200024815865266848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 成品管外径
范围
张力减径机入口钢管外径
(脱管机出口钢管外径)
连轧机出口钢管外径
(脱管机入口外径)
连轧机可以轧制的
最薄钢管壁厚
毛管外径 最薄毛管壁厚
设计值 25~89 68 73 3.2 96 10.75
), ArticleFig(id=1200024815986901672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

变形分配后计算出各工序钢管几何尺寸 mm

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 成品管外径
范围
张力减径机入口钢管外径
(脱管机出口钢管外径)
连轧机出口钢管外径
(脱管机入口外径)
连轧机可以轧制的
最薄钢管壁厚
毛管外径 最薄毛管壁厚
设计值 25~89 68 73 3.2 96 10.75
), ArticleFig(id=1200024816074982064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
机架 偏心系数ηi 第一脱离比例σi 脱离角α1/(°) 连接角α4/(°)
第一架 1.031~1.040 3.00~3.20 30 16.00
第二架 1.020~1.030 3.50~3.70 30 13.01
第三架 1.013~1.014 3.50~3.70 32 13.04
第四架 1.013~1.014 3.50~3.70 32 13.02
第五架 1.000 2.75~3.00 30 8.02
第六架 1.000 2.75~3.00 30 8.02
), ArticleFig(id=1200024816217588408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

设计孔型经验参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
机架 偏心系数ηi 第一脱离比例σi 脱离角α1/(°) 连接角α4/(°)
第一架 1.031~1.040 3.00~3.20 30 16.00
第二架 1.020~1.030 3.50~3.70 30 13.01
第三架 1.013~1.014 3.50~3.70 32 13.04
第四架 1.013~1.014 3.50~3.70 32 13.02
第五架 1.000 2.75~3.00 30 8.02
第六架 1.000 2.75~3.00 30 8.02
), ArticleFig(id=1200024816339223231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
机架 槽顶弧R1i
/mm
脱离弧R2i
/mm
连接弧R5i
/mm
辊缝S
/mm
顶部延伸
系数μ
偏心距ECC
(ECC=R1i-Ri)/mm
第一架 41.402 124.210 11.440 10.000 1.640 1.250
第二架 39.017 136.560 6.950 10.000 2.160 0.780
第三架 37.641 131.740 6.850 10.000 1.750 0.470
第四架 37.035 129.620 6.560 8.000 1.700 0.470
第五架 36.500 100.340 2.120 8.000 1.320
第六架 36.500 100.340 2.120 8.000 1.030
), ArticleFig(id=1200024816435692230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

Φ73 mm连轧机孔型参数

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机架 槽顶弧R1i
/mm
脱离弧R2i
/mm
连接弧R5i
/mm
辊缝S
/mm
顶部延伸
系数μ
偏心距ECC
(ECC=R1i-Ri)/mm
第一架 41.402 124.210 11.440 10.000 1.640 1.250
第二架 39.017 136.560 6.950 10.000 2.160 0.780
第三架 37.641 131.740 6.850 10.000 1.750 0.470
第四架 37.035 129.620 6.560 8.000 1.700 0.470
第五架 36.500 100.340 2.120 8.000 1.320
第六架 36.500 100.340 2.120 8.000 1.030
), ArticleFig(id=1200024816544744140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
机架 孔型直径
/mm
短半轴b
/mm
长半轴a
/mm
减径率
/%
第一架 71.03 36.21 34.82 2.70
第二架 68.79 34.61 34.18 3.15
第三架 68.03 34.02 34.02 1.10
), ArticleFig(id=1200024816645407440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

脱管机孔型参数

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机架 孔型直径
/mm
短半轴b
/mm
长半轴a
/mm
减径率
/%
第一架 71.03 36.21 34.82 2.70
第二架 68.79 34.61 34.18 3.15
第三架 68.03 34.02 34.02 1.10
), ArticleFig(id=1200024816783819480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
轴向位置 周向测量值/mm 同一横截面
壁厚平均值
/mm
同一横截面
壁厚差值
/mm
同一横截面
壁厚偏差范围
/%
45° 90° 135° 180° 225° 270° 315°
A 4.67 4.7 4.64 5.03 5.05 5.06 5.06 5.06 4.91 0.42 -1.30~7.66
B 4.44 4.44 4.92 4.81 4.44 4.85 4.72 4.91 4.69 0.48 -5.53~4.68
C 4.33 4.34 4.52 4.47 4.82 4.47 4.61 4.72 4.54 0.49 -7.87~2.55
D 4.35 4.34 4.66 4.76 4.64 4.67 4.77 4.73 4.62 0.43 -7.66~1.49
E 4.61 4.39 4.63 5.06 4.73 4.82 4.89 4.92 4.76 0.67 -6.59~7.66
F 4.59 4.50 4.90 5.05 4.72 4.89 4.84 4.88 4.80 0.55 -4.23~7.45
G 4.77 4.90 4.61 4.81 4.69 4.81 4.67 4.54 4.73 0.36 -3.40~4.23
H 4.99 4.83 4.36 4.34 5.01 5.04 4.34 4.58 4.69 0.70 -7.66~7.23
I 4.62 4.66 4.34 4.59 4.74 4.85 4.61 4.92 4.67 0.58 -7.66~4.68
), ArticleFig(id=1200024816913842911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199810033224614425, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

钢管壁厚精度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
轴向位置 周向测量值/mm 同一横截面
壁厚平均值
/mm
同一横截面
壁厚差值
/mm
同一横截面
壁厚偏差范围
/%
45° 90° 135° 180° 225° 270° 315°
A 4.67 4.7 4.64 5.03 5.05 5.06 5.06 5.06 4.91 0.42 -1.30~7.66
B 4.44 4.44 4.92 4.81 4.44 4.85 4.72 4.91 4.69 0.48 -5.53~4.68
C 4.33 4.34 4.52 4.47 4.82 4.47 4.61 4.72 4.54 0.49 -7.87~2.55
D 4.35 4.34 4.66 4.76 4.64 4.67 4.77 4.73 4.62 0.43 -7.66~1.49
E 4.61 4.39 4.63 5.06 4.73 4.82 4.89 4.92 4.76 0.67 -6.59~7.66
F 4.59 4.50 4.90 5.05 4.72 4.89 4.84 4.88 4.80 0.55 -4.23~7.45
G 4.77 4.90 4.61 4.81 4.69 4.81 4.67 4.54 4.73 0.36 -3.40~4.23
H 4.99 4.83 4.36 4.34 5.01 5.04 4.34 4.58 4.69 0.70 -7.66~7.23
I 4.62 4.66 4.34 4.59 4.74 4.85 4.61 4.92 4.67 0.58 -7.66~4.68
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FQM-Φ100 mm连轧管机组Φ73 mm孔型系列开发
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王增海 , 白志峰 , 林震 , 米永峰 , 温博
包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2022,48(6): 19-23
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包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2022, 48(6): 19-23
FQM-Φ100 mm连轧管机组Φ73 mm孔型系列开发
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王增海, 白志峰, 林震, 米永峰, 温博
作者信息
  • 内蒙古包钢特种钢管有限公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 王增海(1982-),男,河北省沧州市人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事无缝钢管生产管理和新产品研发工作。

Development of Φ73 mm Pass Series for Fine Quality Mill (FQM)-Φ100 mm Mandrel Pipe Mill
Zeng-hai Wang, Zhi-feng Bai, Zhen Lin, Yong-feng Mi, Bo Wen
Affiliations
  • Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Special Steel Tube Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2022-12-25
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文章主要介绍六机架FQM(Fine Quality Mill)-Φ100 mm连轧管机组关于Φ73 mm孔型系列的设计思路与开发情况。在设计该系列的连轧机组孔型时采用“孔型顶部延伸系数分配方法”,采用该方法设计的Φ73 mm连轧管机组孔型系列,实现了限动芯棒连轧管机组最小孔型系列开发技术的落地应用。工业化结果表明,采用该技术设计的连轧机孔型生产的无缝钢管壁厚精度达到±8%范围以内,钢管内外表面质量良好。

孔型设计  /  FQM轧机  /  顶部延伸系数  /  无缝钢管

In the paper, the design thought and development of Φ73 mm pass series for FQM (Fine Quality Mill)-Φ100 mm mandrel pipe mill with six stands are mainly introduced. When design this series of pass of mandrel pipe mill, the “distribution method of coefficient of elongation on top of pass” is adopted so that the applications of development technology of minimum pass series of mandrel pipe mill with retained mandrel are realized. The industrial results showed that the wall thickness accuracy of seamless steel pipe produced by the pass of mandrel pipe mill designed with this technology is within±8% as well as the internal and external surface qualities of steel pipe are good.

pass design  /  FQM  /  coefficient of elongation on top  /  seamless steel pipe
王增海, 白志峰, 林震, 米永峰, 温博. FQM-Φ100 mm连轧管机组Φ73 mm孔型系列开发. 包钢科技, 2022 , 48 (6) : 19 -23 .
Zeng-hai Wang, Zhi-feng Bai, Zhen Lin, Yong-feng Mi, Bo Wen. Development of Φ73 mm Pass Series for Fine Quality Mill (FQM)-Φ100 mm Mandrel Pipe Mill[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2022 , 48 (6) : 19 -23 .
国内某管厂连轧机组选用FQM(Fine Quality Mill)类型轧机,牌坊设计为整体隧道式,这种整体结构设计使牌坊的刚性更高,稳定性更好,同时便于运输和安装。由于牌坊为整体式,所以换辊采用轴向换辊方式。FQM轧机和PQF轧机的孔型构成与设计完全一致,PQF轧机的辊缝调整是沿弧线摆动压下,而FQM轧机的辊缝调整是沿径向垂直压下[1],FQM轧机在壁厚控制方面能力较强。
该管厂FQM连轧机组原设计采用Φ150 mm和Φ90 mm两个坯型生产直径25~89 mm的无缝钢管,其中Φ150 mm坯料生产直径51~89 mm的钢管,该组距产品已经形成工业化生产;采用Φ90 mm坯料生产直径25~48 mm钢管的生产工艺属于空白。基于目前国内锅炉管、流体管等对于小口径薄壁无缝钢管的迫切需求,急需开发小口径无缝钢管热连轧工艺技术。
针对外径25~48 mm、壁厚3.5~7.0 mm的无缝钢管,开发热连轧工艺技术,该外径范围对应的连轧机出口钢管外径为73 mm,即Φ73 mm系列。采用由成品向坯料的设计思路,应用“顶部延伸系数分配方法”,获得该系列的孔型设计与热轧工艺变形分配技术。在设计过程中所涉及的各个工序的钢管几何尺寸都是指在机组要求温度范围的热态钢管尺寸,如有其他状态文中会注明。
该无缝钢管生产机组的张力减径机组为20机架,根据每架轧机的平均减径率,可以得出机组的最小减径率和最大减径率,具体设计思路如下。
(1)首先将需要开发的钢管外径范围中最大直径的钢管转换为热尺寸,并列出外径和壁厚的对应分布关系[2]
(2)再根据张力减径机组的最小减径率,利用(1)中得出的钢管热态最大外径数值,从而可计算出张力减径机入口钢管的外径尺寸,计算公式如下所示。
DMax张减=DMax热态成品/(1-δMin张减)
式中:DMax张减——张力减径机入口直径;
DMax热态成品——所开发系列钢管最大外径热态尺寸;
δMin张减——该机组张力减径机最小减径率。
根据张力减径机入口钢管的外径(即脱管机出口钢管的外径),选择适当的脱管机减径率,从而可计算出连轧机出口钢管的外径,这也就确定了所开发的钢管外径范围对应的连轧机系列尺寸,具体变形制度如下。
(1)三辊不可调整式脱管机减径率范围为3%~6%,小直径连轧机组脱管机减径率取较大值,计算脱管机入口钢管外径,具体公式如下。
D脱管入口=DMax张减/(1-δ脱管)
式中:D脱管入口——脱管机入口钢管外径即连轧机出口钢管外径;
δ脱管——脱管机减径率。
(2)根据连轧管机的变形能力,给定连轧后钢管的最大径壁比D/S,由此可计算出连轧机可以轧制的最薄壁厚钢管。
S连轧最薄壁厚=D脱管入口÷(D/S)
式中:S连轧最薄壁厚——连轧机组可以轧制的钢管最薄壁厚;
D/S——连轧机组轧制钢管最大的外径与壁厚比值。
(3)确定最大芯棒直径,确定所设计系列使用最大芯棒直径的计算公式如下。
DMax芯棒=D连轧出口-2×S连轧最薄壁厚
式中:DMax芯棒——该系列的最大芯棒直径;
D连轧出口——连轧出口钢管外径。
(1)确定毛管几何尺寸。毛管外径和壁厚的确定需要满足两个条件[3-5]
第一个条件是连轧选定的最大延伸系数要小于其极限能力,连轧延伸系数计算公式如下所示。
λ连轧最大= $\frac{({D}_{毛管}-{S}_{最薄毛管})\times {S}_{最薄毛管}}{({D}_{连轧}-{S}_{最薄连轧})\times {S}_{最薄连轧}}$
式中:λ连轧最大——连轧机组最大延伸系数(六机架三辊连轧机最大延伸系数范围为4.0~4.5);
D毛管——毛管外径;
S最薄毛管——最薄毛管壁厚;
D连轧——连轧机出口钢管外径;
S最薄连轧——连轧机出口钢管最薄壁厚。
第二个条件是毛管内壁与芯棒之间要保持适当间隙,以保证穿芯棒过程的顺利进行,对应的计算公式如下所示。
S最薄毛管= $\frac{{D}_{毛管}-{K}_{芯棒}·{D}_{Max芯棒}-{▽}_{芯棒}}{2}$
式中:K芯棒——芯棒膨胀系数,取1.0011;
芯棒——穿棒间隙。
两个公式联立求解得出计算毛管外径的公式。
D毛管= $\sqrt{4({D}_{连轧}-{S}_{连轧最薄})\times {S}_{连轧最薄}\times {\lambda }_{连轧最大}+({D}_{Max芯棒}\times 1.001 1+{▽}_{芯棒}{)}^{2}}$
再根据毛管外径数值利用公式(6)计算出最薄毛管壁厚数值。
根据上述的工艺设计方法,计算出开发系列各工序的钢管几何尺寸,具体数值如表1所示。
连轧机采用“孔型顶部延伸系数分配方法”,计算孔型前先要确定的参数包括机架数、毛管直径、毛管最薄壁厚、连轧机出口钢管外径、连轧机可以轧制的最薄钢管壁厚、偏心系数、第一脱离弧比例[6-10],如果是两段脱离弧还需要确定第二脱离弧比例。再分配各架轧机的顶部延伸系数,确定孔型高,计算出槽顶弧半径、脱离弧半径,根据脱离弧角度和连接弧角度确定出各架轧机孔型轮廓。
首先计算各架轧机孔型顶部的延伸系数,计算公式如下。
μ顶部= $\frac{{S}_{入口}}{{S}_{出口}}$
S出口= $\frac{{S}_{入口}}{{\mu }_{顶部}}$
式中:μ顶部——孔型顶部延伸系数;
S入口——某架孔型顶部钢管入口壁厚;
S出口——某架孔型顶部钢管出口壁厚。
在确定了各架孔型顶部延伸系数后,再已知钢管入口壁厚就可得出钢管出口壁厚。第i架孔型顶部钢管入口壁厚近似等于i-2的孔型顶部出口壁厚,当i不大于2时,入口壁厚为毛管的壁厚值。i架孔型的孔型高度的计算公式如下所示。
Di=D芯棒+2Si架出口
式中:Di——第i机架孔型高度;
D芯棒——芯棒直径;
Si架出口——第i架机架孔型顶部出口壁厚。
各架孔型高的一半就是孔型半径Ri。关于偏心系数ηi、孔型半径Ri和槽顶弧R1i的关系如下所示。
ηi= $\frac{{R}_{1i}}{{R}_{i}}$
R1i=ηi×Ri
式中:ηi——第i架的偏心系数;
R1i——第i架孔型的槽顶弧半径;
Ri——第i架孔型半径。
在确定了第一脱离比例σ1i和槽顶弧半径R1i的条件就可以求出脱离弧R2i,计算公式如下。
R2i=R1i×σ1i
式中:R2i——脱离弧半径;
R1i——槽顶弧半径;
σ1i——第一脱离比例。
参照相近机组的成熟经验参数,确定脱离角α1和连接角α4,再利用圆弧相切方程确定连接弧半径R5
在设计该系列连轧机孔型时各架轧机的顶部压下率、偏心系数、脱离弧比例、脱离弧角度、连接弧角度属于经验数值,这部分参数沿用Φ135 mm系列孔型的数值,具体数值如表2所示。
按照上述的设计方法,该系列连轧机孔型参数见表3,孔型轮廓见图1
三辊不可调式脱管机的总减径率为3%~6%,连轧机出口钢管外径较大时脱管机减径率选较小值,出口钢管外径较小时脱管机减径率选较大值,这样选择利于大口径连轧机组可以轧制特厚壁钢管;对于小口径连轧机组轧制薄壁钢管时利于脱棒[11]。对于该孔型系列,脱管机减径率选择6%。
为了适应来料钢管外径的波动,并且有利于咬入,第一机架的减径率取较小值,通常应小于第二机架的减径率,第三机架减径率不大于1.5%,所以最后一架脱管孔型直径确定为68 mm,脱管机理想直径选定为380 mm。具体的孔型参数见表4
该工艺开发完成后在FQM机组工业化生产了Φ48 mm×4.7 mm的无缝钢管,随机抽查了一支成品钢管,测量钢管的壁厚精度情况,检查时沿着钢管的轴向和周向两个维度进行测量,测量结果见表5表5中A~I代表沿钢管轴向从管头端500 mm、每间隔1 m的距离确定一个横截面的测量结果;0°~315°是在每个截面上间隔45°测量的壁厚值。
(1)从壁厚测量结果分析,钢管壁厚精度达到±8%以内,证明孔型设计合理。
(2)基于FQM连轧机组的变形特点,采用孔型顶部延伸系数分配方法,设计开发了Φ73 mm系列连轧机孔型,形成了穿孔机组、连轧机组和张力减径机组的变形分配制度,经理论分析与工业化生产验证,这一系列的工艺技术可以推广应用到其他热连轧管机组。
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2022年第48卷第6期
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  • 接收时间:2022-03-25
  • 首发时间:2025-11-24
  • 出版时间:2022-12-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-25
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    内蒙古包钢特种钢管有限公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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