Article(id=1199809976593117368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199809968984650567, articleNumber=1009-5438(2022)05-0035-04, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1650211200000, receivedDateStr=2022-04-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763986589811, onlineDateStr=2025-11-24, pubDate=1666627200000, pubDateStr=2022-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763986589811, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763986589811, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763986589811, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1199809968984650567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2022', volume='48', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763986587997, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764034198143, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200009660469183174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199809968984650567, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200009660469183175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199809968984650567, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=35, endPage=38, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1199809976958021833, articleId=1199809976593117368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Effects of Normalizing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Pressure Vessel Steel Q370R, columnId=1187340471245357385, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Quality of Variety and Experiment and Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Based on the investigation of technical requirements and production process for like products of pressure vessel steel, the chemical composition design, rolling and research of normalizing process for Q370R are carried out as well as the effects of normalizing temperature on the microstructure and properties of test steel are studied. After normalizing, the strength of steel plate added microalloying elements Nb, V and Ti is decreased, elongation and impact energy are increased significantly. With the increase of normalizing temperature, strength of test steel is decreased gradually. The strengths of steel plate with rolled state and the same normalizing process added a small amount of Cr are both higher than those of the steel plate without Cr, while the elongation and impact energy are lower than those of the steel plate without Cr. The cost of per ton of steel will be increased by adding a small amount of Cr. After normalizing, the microstructure is fine grained ferrite and pearlite. Based on the comprehensive consideration, test steel with the composition system of adding microalloying elements Nb, V and Ti as well as the properties of steel plate with controlled rolling and normalizing at 840~880 ℃ could meet the standard requirements.

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在压力容器用钢同类产品技术要求、生产工艺调研的基础上,进行Q370R化学成分设计、轧制及正火工艺研究等工作,开展正火温度对试验钢性能、组织等影响研究。添加微合金元素Nb、V、Ti的钢板正火后强度下降,延伸率和冲击功显著提高,随着正火温度的升高,试验钢强度逐渐下降。而添加少量Cr元素轧态和同一正火工艺下钢板的强度均高于不添加Cr元素钢板,延伸率和冲击功值低于不添加Cr元素钢板,同时添加少量Cr元素,吨钢成本会有所增加。正火后组织为细晶粒铁素体和珠光体。综合考虑,试验钢采用添加微合金化元素Nb、V、Ti成分体系,经控制轧制,840~880 ℃正火后钢板性能满足标准要求。

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郭冬青(1988-),女,内蒙古乌兰察布市人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事板带材新产品研发工作。

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郭冬青(1988-),女,内蒙古乌兰察布市人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事板带材新产品研发工作。

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郭冬青(1988-),女,内蒙古乌兰察布市人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事板带材新产品研发工作。

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试样号 C Si Mn P S Nb V Ti Cr
70# 0.167 0.28 1.64 0.017 0.004 0.043 0.034 0.014
71# 0.168 0.28 1.67 0.015 0.004 0.041 0.036 0.010 0.18
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Q370R试验钢化学成分(质量分数) %

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试样号 C Si Mn P S Nb V Ti Cr
70# 0.167 0.28 1.64 0.017 0.004 0.043 0.034 0.014
71# 0.168 0.28 1.67 0.015 0.004 0.041 0.036 0.010 0.18
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正火温度对压力容器用钢Q370R组织性能的影响
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郭冬青 , 杨雄 , 王少炳
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2022,48(5): 35-38
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2022, 48(5): 35-38
正火温度对压力容器用钢Q370R组织性能的影响
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郭冬青, 杨雄, 王少炳
作者信息
  • 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 郭冬青(1988-),女,内蒙古乌兰察布市人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事板带材新产品研发工作。

Effects of Normalizing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Pressure Vessel Steel Q370R
Dong-qing Guo, Xiong Yang, Shao-bing Wang
Affiliations
  • Technical Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2022-10-25
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在压力容器用钢同类产品技术要求、生产工艺调研的基础上,进行Q370R化学成分设计、轧制及正火工艺研究等工作,开展正火温度对试验钢性能、组织等影响研究。添加微合金元素Nb、V、Ti的钢板正火后强度下降,延伸率和冲击功显著提高,随着正火温度的升高,试验钢强度逐渐下降。而添加少量Cr元素轧态和同一正火工艺下钢板的强度均高于不添加Cr元素钢板,延伸率和冲击功值低于不添加Cr元素钢板,同时添加少量Cr元素,吨钢成本会有所增加。正火后组织为细晶粒铁素体和珠光体。综合考虑,试验钢采用添加微合金化元素Nb、V、Ti成分体系,经控制轧制,840~880 ℃正火后钢板性能满足标准要求。

压力容器用钢  /  正火  /  组织  /  力学性能  /  冲击韧性

Based on the investigation of technical requirements and production process for like products of pressure vessel steel, the chemical composition design, rolling and research of normalizing process for Q370R are carried out as well as the effects of normalizing temperature on the microstructure and properties of test steel are studied. After normalizing, the strength of steel plate added microalloying elements Nb, V and Ti is decreased, elongation and impact energy are increased significantly. With the increase of normalizing temperature, strength of test steel is decreased gradually. The strengths of steel plate with rolled state and the same normalizing process added a small amount of Cr are both higher than those of the steel plate without Cr, while the elongation and impact energy are lower than those of the steel plate without Cr. The cost of per ton of steel will be increased by adding a small amount of Cr. After normalizing, the microstructure is fine grained ferrite and pearlite. Based on the comprehensive consideration, test steel with the composition system of adding microalloying elements Nb, V and Ti as well as the properties of steel plate with controlled rolling and normalizing at 840~880 ℃ could meet the standard requirements.

pressure vessel steel  /  normalizing  /  microstructure  /  mechanical properties  /  impact toughness
郭冬青, 杨雄, 王少炳. 正火温度对压力容器用钢Q370R组织性能的影响. 包钢科技, 2022 , 48 (5) : 35 -38 .
Dong-qing Guo, Xiong Yang, Shao-bing Wang. Effects of Normalizing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Pressure Vessel Steel Q370R[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2022 , 48 (5) : 35 -38 .
Q370R钢板是制造高参数球形储罐及卧式储罐、水电站压力钢管的理想用材,可以用于制造高参数氧气球罐、液氨球罐、乙烯丙烯球罐、液化石油气储罐等,其应用领域较为广泛[1]。当钢板厚度在16~36 mm时,Q370R钢板抗拉强度下限值较相应厚度16MnR钢板高8.2%;厚度大于36 mm时,其抗拉强度下限值较相应厚度16MnR钢板高10.6%,较15MnVR钢板高6.1%[2]。因此,采用Q370R钢板建造球罐,可减薄壁厚、降低造价,同时也提高了球罐运行的安全可靠性。
Q370R设计充分利用Nb微合金化的晶粒细化作用,采用纯净钢冶炼和正火热处理工艺,使开发的钢种具有高强度、高韧性和优异的焊接性以及良好的耐硫化氢腐蚀性能等优点[3]。实验室开展正火温度对不同成分体系压力容器用钢Q370R组织、性能等影响研究,探索最佳的化学成分体系及合理温度范围值。
在冶轧实验室冶炼2炉25 kg钢锭,添加微合金化元素,其中第2炉设计添加了少量Cr,实测化学成分见表1。Nb可以显著抑制奥氏体再结晶过程,从而提高奥氏体未再结晶温度。V一般在钢板轧后冷却阶段析出,用于对钢板进行析出强化,同时也提高钢材的回火稳定性,V的另一作用是提高钢板的高温性能,高温下V化合物析出钉扎位错和晶界,提高了钢板的抗高温软化性能。Ti与N形成TiN,TiN在即使1 400 ℃的高温下仍不溶解,因而钢坯在加热过程中TiN可以分布在奥氏体晶粒附近阻止奥氏体晶粒的长大,同时也阻碍钢材焊接热影响区的晶粒长大[4]。因此,在压力容器用高强度钢板中复合添加Nb、V、Ti微合金化元素,用以细化晶粒,改善钢材的综合性能。
在冶轧实验室进行14 mm钢板轧制,其工艺流程为:
(1)加热:加热温度为(1 200±10) ℃。
(2)轧制:轧制分为两阶段,第一阶段在奥氏体再结晶区轧制,粗轧第一道次压下率控制在10%以上;第二阶段在奥氏体未再结晶区轧制,精轧开轧温度为(920±10) ℃,开轧厚度为42 mm,终轧温度为(840±10) ℃。
(3)冷却:空冷。
(4)正火试验:对70#与71#钢板试样分别进行正火试验,其正火工艺如图1所示。对钢板分别加热到840 ℃、850 ℃、860 ℃、870 ℃、880 ℃不同的正火温度,在炉时间T=(1.4 t+10) min,其中t为钢板厚度,之后空冷。
70#与71#试验钢轧态金相组织为细晶粒铁素体和珠光体,晶粒度10~11级,非金属夹杂物主要为B类氧化铝夹杂物和DS类夹杂物,评级分别为1.5级和1.0级。金相组织如图2所示,非金属夹杂物见图3
70#、71#轧态及正火后力学性能如图4所示。70#钢板正火后强度下降,延伸率和冲击功显著提高,随着正火温度的升高,试验钢强度逐渐下降。71#钢板添加少量Cr,轧态和同一正火工艺下的强度均高于70#钢板,延伸率和冲击功值低于70#钢板,正火后钢板性能满足标准GB/T 713—2014[5]要求,其中屈服强度要求不小于370 MPa,抗拉强度为530~630 MPa,延伸率不小于20.0%,冲击功(-20 ℃)不小于47 J。由于添加了少量Cr,吨钢成本会有所增加。其变化趋势见图5
图6图7为试验钢不同正火工艺下的金相组织,正火后组织为细晶粒铁素体和珠光体。综合考虑,试验钢采用70#成分体系,经控制轧制、840~880 ℃正火后钢板性能满足要求。
(1)添加微合金化元素Nb、V、Ti钢板正火后强度下降,延伸率和冲击功显著提高,随着正火温度的升高,试验钢强度逐渐下降。
(2)添加少量Cr元素轧态和同一正火工艺下钢板的强度均高于不添加Cr元素的钢板,延伸率和冲击功值低于不添加Cr元素的钢板,添加了少量Cr元素,吨钢成本会有所增加。
(3)正火后钢板组织为细晶粒铁素体和珠光体。综合考虑,试验钢采用添加微合金化元素Nb、V、Ti成分体系,经控制轧制、840~880 ℃正火后钢板性能满足要求。
参考文献 引证文献
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陈晓, 秦晓钟. 高性能压力容器和压力钢管用钢[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2007.
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2022年第48卷第5期
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  • 接收时间:2022-04-18
  • 首发时间:2025-11-24
  • 出版时间:2022-10-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-04-18
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    内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心, 内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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