Article(id=1199809975481630758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199809968984650567, articleNumber=1009-5438(2022)05-0077-04, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1658764800000, receivedDateStr=2022-07-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763986589545, onlineDateStr=2025-11-24, pubDate=1666627200000, pubDateStr=2022-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763986589545, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763986589545, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763986589545, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1199809968984650567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2022', volume='48', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763986587997, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764034198143, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200009660469183174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199809968984650567, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200009660469183175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199809968984650567, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=77, endPage=80, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1199809975863312431, articleId=1199809975481630758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Research and Development of Non-quenched and Tempered Steel F28MnSiVTiRE with High Strength and Toughness, columnId=1187340471245357385, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Quality of Variety and Experiment and Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Such elements that could refine grain as V, Nb, Ti, Al and rare earth (RE) are added into the medium carbon steel as well as the stable compound formed by N, C and elements that could refine grain is used to refine the austenite grain and increase the strength and toughness of non-quenched and tempered steel. The stable compound formed by N, C, V, Nb, Ti and Al are observed with metallographic microscope and transmission electron microscope so that the non-quenched and tempered ferrite-pearlite steel is successfully developed. Its yield strength is greater than 550 MPa, tensile strength is greater than 780 MPa, hardness (HB) is not less than 210, elongation is greater than 18%, reduction of area is greater than 45% and impact value of V-notch at room temperature is greater than 50 J. Compared with common non-quenched and tempered steel, the non-quenched and tempered steel F28MnSiVTiRE is with such advantages as high strength and toughness and free cutting so that it could be used for machining such components as vehicle crankshaft and engine connecting rod.

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中碳钢中加入V、Nb、Ti、Al、RE等细化晶粒元素,利用N、C与细化晶粒元素形成稳定的化合物来细化奥氏体晶粒,增加非调质钢的强度及韧性,采用金相显微镜和透射电镜观察,N、C与V、Nb、Ti、Al形成稳定化合物,成功研发出铁素体-珠光体型非调质钢,其屈服强度大于550 MPa,抗拉强度大于780 MPa,硬度(HB)不小于210,延伸率大于18%,面缩率大于45%,常温V型缺口冲击值大于50 J。与普通非调质钢相比,非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE具有高强度、高韧性、易切削等优点,可用于加工汽车曲轴、发动机连杆等部件。

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宋振东(1982-),男,内蒙古赤峰市人,高级工程师,现从事特钢、型钢新产品开发工作。

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宋振东(1982-),男,内蒙古赤峰市人,高级工程师,现从事特钢、型钢新产品开发工作。

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宋振东(1982-),男,内蒙古赤峰市人,高级工程师,现从事特钢、型钢新产品开发工作。

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V-N Microalloying of High Strength Weathering Steel YQ450NQR1[J]. 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C Si Mn P S V Nb Ti Al RE
≤0.28 ≤0.80 ≤1.70 ≤0.025 ≤0.025 ≤0.15 ≤0.06 ≤0.06 ≤0.050 ≤0.003 0
), ArticleFig(id=1200030237963678487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199809975481630758, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE的化学成分(质量分数) %

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
C Si Mn P S V Nb Ti Al RE
≤0.28 ≤0.80 ≤1.70 ≤0.025 ≤0.025 ≤0.15 ≤0.06 ≤0.06 ≤0.050 ≤0.003 0
), ArticleFig(id=1200030238047564564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199809975481630758, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号 屈服强度
/MPa
抗拉强度
/MPa
延伸率
/%
面缩率
/%
8# 583.64 800.30 23.56 57.14
8# 604.62 809.61 24.12 67.21
9# 580.33 794.28 24.80 63.76
9# 580.76 782.93 24.00 63.30
技术要求 ≥550 ≥780 ≥18 ≥45
), ArticleFig(id=1200030238152422166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199809975481630758, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE拉伸试验结果及技术要求

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编号 屈服强度
/MPa
抗拉强度
/MPa
延伸率
/%
面缩率
/%
8# 583.64 800.30 23.56 57.14
8# 604.62 809.61 24.12 67.21
9# 580.33 794.28 24.80 63.76
9# 580.76 782.93 24.00 63.30
技术要求 ≥550 ≥780 ≥18 ≥45
), ArticleFig(id=1200030238278251290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199809975481630758, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号 KV2 KU2
8# 89.7 100.2 100.5 115.4 137.2 124.1
8# 95.5 89.1 87.1 125.1 135.7 131.8
9# 93.9 83.0 106.6 122.3 129.3 127.9
9# 86.2 104.5 97.9 134.7 113.7 140.1
技术要求 ≥50 ≥50
), ArticleFig(id=1200030238412469019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199809975481630758, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

非调质钢室温条件下F28MnSiVTiRE冲击结果及技术要求 J

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号 KV2 KU2
8# 89.7 100.2 100.5 115.4 137.2 124.1
8# 95.5 89.1 87.1 125.1 135.7 131.8
9# 93.9 83.0 106.6 122.3 129.3 127.9
9# 86.2 104.5 97.9 134.7 113.7 140.1
技术要求 ≥50 ≥50
), ArticleFig(id=1200030238521520927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199809975481630758, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号 布氏硬度(HB)
硬度值1 硬度值2 硬度值3 硬度值4 硬度值5 硬度值6
8# 232 234 230 228 228 229
9# 230 230 228 229 226 225
技术要求 ≥210
), ArticleFig(id=1200030238676710178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199809975481630758, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE硬度检验结果及技术要求

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编号 布氏硬度(HB)
硬度值1 硬度值2 硬度值3 硬度值4 硬度值5 硬度值6
8# 232 234 230 228 228 229
9# 230 230 228 229 226 225
技术要求 ≥210
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高强韧性非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE研发
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宋振东 1 , 周彦 2 , 惠治国 1 , 卜向东 1 , 杨静 1
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2022,48(5): 77-80
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2022, 48(5): 77-80
高强韧性非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE研发
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宋振东1, 周彦2, 惠治国1, 卜向东1, 杨静1
作者信息
  • 1 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 2 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司特钢分公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 宋振东(1982-),男,内蒙古赤峰市人,高级工程师,现从事特钢、型钢新产品开发工作。

Research and Development of Non-quenched and Tempered Steel F28MnSiVTiRE with High Strength and Toughness
Zhen-dong Song1, Yan Zhou2, Zhi-guo Hui1, Xiang-dong Bu1, Jing Yang1
Affiliations
  • 1 Technical Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 2 Special Steel Branch Co. of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2022-10-25
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中碳钢中加入V、Nb、Ti、Al、RE等细化晶粒元素,利用N、C与细化晶粒元素形成稳定的化合物来细化奥氏体晶粒,增加非调质钢的强度及韧性,采用金相显微镜和透射电镜观察,N、C与V、Nb、Ti、Al形成稳定化合物,成功研发出铁素体-珠光体型非调质钢,其屈服强度大于550 MPa,抗拉强度大于780 MPa,硬度(HB)不小于210,延伸率大于18%,面缩率大于45%,常温V型缺口冲击值大于50 J。与普通非调质钢相比,非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE具有高强度、高韧性、易切削等优点,可用于加工汽车曲轴、发动机连杆等部件。

非调质钢  /  微合金化  /  高强韧性

Such elements that could refine grain as V, Nb, Ti, Al and rare earth (RE) are added into the medium carbon steel as well as the stable compound formed by N, C and elements that could refine grain is used to refine the austenite grain and increase the strength and toughness of non-quenched and tempered steel. The stable compound formed by N, C, V, Nb, Ti and Al are observed with metallographic microscope and transmission electron microscope so that the non-quenched and tempered ferrite-pearlite steel is successfully developed. Its yield strength is greater than 550 MPa, tensile strength is greater than 780 MPa, hardness (HB) is not less than 210, elongation is greater than 18%, reduction of area is greater than 45% and impact value of V-notch at room temperature is greater than 50 J. Compared with common non-quenched and tempered steel, the non-quenched and tempered steel F28MnSiVTiRE is with such advantages as high strength and toughness and free cutting so that it could be used for machining such components as vehicle crankshaft and engine connecting rod.

non-quenched and tempered steel  /  microalloying  /  high strength and toughness
宋振东, 周彦, 惠治国, 卜向东, 杨静. 高强韧性非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE研发. 包钢科技, 2022 , 48 (5) : 77 -80 .
Zhen-dong Song, Yan Zhou, Zhi-guo Hui, Xiang-dong Bu, Jing Yang. Research and Development of Non-quenched and Tempered Steel F28MnSiVTiRE with High Strength and Toughness[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2022 , 48 (5) : 77 -80 .
目前特殊钢中的合金结构钢应用量越来越大,因其中大部分用于制造重要的机械零部件,这类钢(包括了部分优质碳素结构钢)通常需要进行十分耗时、耗能又污染环境的调质处理。微合金非调质钢是伴随着国际能源紧缺且环境污染越来越严重而发展起来的一种高效节能钢,采用无需调质处理的微合金非调质钢(以下简称非调质钢)代替调质钢制造各种机械零部件是目前国际上一个重要的发展趋势[1-3]
西方发达国家把微合金钢的研究成果应用于中碳结构钢,即在中碳结构钢化学成分基础上添加V、Nb、Ti等微合金化元素,研制出了微合金非调质钢,简称非调质钢。与传统的调质钢相比,非调质钢具有节约能源、成材率高、成品性能优良、生产周期短、成本低、减少环境污染等众多优点。国内报道的非调质钢一般具有高强度的特点,韧性检验采用U型缺口冲击试验来表征非调质钢韧性。本文研发的F28MnSiVTiRE非调质钢,其屈服强度大于550 MPa,抗拉强度大于780 MPa,硬度(HB)不小于210,延伸率大于18%,面缩率大于45%,常温V型缺口冲击值大于50 J,具有高强度、高韧性的特点,是一种新型的非调质钢。
本试验采用100 kg真空感应炉冶炼2炉稀土含量不同的非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE,8#试验钢稀土含量为0.022%,9#试验钢的稀土含量为0.009%。经中试试验轧机轧制成规格为20 mm厚的钢板,采用INSTRON拉力试验机和NI750冲击试验机检验材料的拉伸性能和冲击韧性,经蔡司光学显微镜观察材料的金相组织。非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE的化学成分见表1
非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE钢板,加工成Φ10 mm的标准拉伸试样,分别对编号为8#和9#试样进行2组拉伸试验,试验结果见表2
从以上试验结果可以看出,试验钢8#和9#的屈服强度、抗拉强度均满足技术要求,试验钢的延伸率及面缩率较好。不同稀土含量的试验钢,对屈服强度、抗拉强度、延伸率及面缩率影响不明显。图1为F28MnSiVTiRE在拉力试验机上的应力和应变曲线。
图1可以看出,非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE有明显的屈服平台,说明材料具有良好的塑性。屈服强度和抗拉强度的数值差在120 MPa左右。
表3为试验钢的V、U型缺口冲击性能检验结果。
从以上冲击性能检验结果可以看出,试验钢8#、9#的常温V型冲击韧性均大于技术要求,U型冲击韧性全部大于100 J以上,说明试验钢具有较好的韧性。
表4为试验钢的硬度性能检验结果。
通过硬度检验结果可以看出,试验钢的硬度值满足技术要求并且硬度值比较均匀。
非调质钢中应用最多的是铁素体+珠光体组织的中碳微合金钢,铁素体与珠光体的比例对材料的强度和韧性有显著影响,另外奥氏体晶粒大小和珠光体的片间距对材料的强韧性也有重要的影响。图2为试验钢的金相组织照片。
从金相组织可以看出,铁素体尺寸较小,大约在10~20 μm之间,较小的铁素体可以改善钢的冲击韧性,更有利于提高钢的断裂韧性。从珠光体和铁素体的比例上可以看出,非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE铁素体占比较大。
采用Tecnai G2 F20 S-TWIN透射电子显微镜观察其珠光体片间距大小及铁素体析出物的形态,见图3
图3(a)可以看出,F28MnSiVTiRE的珠光体片层较细小,根据图片标尺可知F28MnSiVTiRE的珠光体片层间距大约在100 nm左右,这主要是由于终轧温度较低,原始奥氏体晶粒较细和材料中添加较多的Mn元素综合影响。从图3(b)可以看出,在F28MnSiVTiRE的铁素体基体内部发现有较细小的析出物,经能谱测定为V(C、N)的析出物,由于材料添加了VN合金细化晶粒,因此在铁素体基体内部有V(C、N)的析出物出现。根据析出强化机理,钒氮微合金化钢在进行强化的时候,一般所采用的强化手段为析出强化,也称作第二相沉淀强化。同时,在进行析出强化时,主要是采用V(C,N)析出相的沉淀析出,通过这种手段能够得到V(C,N)析出相质点。而对于钢中所具有的细小弥散的V(C,N)析出相而言,其主要作用是通过与位错的交互作用,阻碍错位运动,从而增加钢的强度[4-6],另外作为形核质点促进铁素体形核,细化材料的晶粒。
(1)通过中碳添加Nb、V、Ti等微合金元素,细化奥氏体晶粒,利用N元素与微合金元素形成稳定化学物来增加非调质钢的强度及韧性,非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE的性能满足技术要求。
(2)非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE的组织为铁素体和珠光体,铁素体基体内部的析出物和珠光体细小的片层结构能够增加非调质钢F28MnSiVTiRE强度、硬度及韧性。
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2022年第48卷第5期
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  • 接收时间:2022-07-26
  • 首发时间:2025-11-24
  • 出版时间:2022-10-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-26
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    1 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心, 内蒙古 包头 014010
    2 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司特钢分公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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