Article(id=1199809974491774994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199809968984650567, articleNumber=1009-5438(2022)05-0024-03, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1656864000000, receivedDateStr=2022-07-04, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763986589309, onlineDateStr=2025-11-24, pubDate=1666627200000, pubDateStr=2022-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763986589309, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763986589309, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763986589309, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1199809968984650567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2022', volume='48', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763986587997, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764034198143, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200009660469183174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199809968984650567, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200009660469183175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199809968984650567, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=24, endPage=26, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1199809974886039576, articleId=1199809974491774994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Treatment of Temperature Anomaly at Gas Inlet of Burner for Top Combustion Stove, columnId=1199809969878037321, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Production Practice and Managemen, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

There are such problems as the temperature at gas inlet of burner for Kalugin top combustion stove is too high, package is red as well as weld joint of gas pipeline cracks and leaks. After soldering and surface air cooling, the effects are not obvious. It is found that the internal refractory bricks collapse through opening pore on the pipeline. Thus, the special measures are taken as well as the area is sprayed and with lining making to repair so that the hot air temperature returns to normal, blast temperature of blast furnace keeps at 1 200 ℃ for normal production and the effects are obvious.

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针对卡卢金顶燃式热风炉燃烧器煤气入口温度过高,管壳发红,煤气入口煤气管道焊缝开裂漏风的问题,经过焊补和表面风冷后效果不明显,对管道开孔发现内部耐火砖坍塌,采取特护措施并对该区域进行喷涂造衬修复,使热风温度恢复正常,高炉风温维持1 200 ℃正常生产,效果显著。

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石 钢(1979-),男,山东省临朐县人,现从事炼铁工艺生产工作。

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石 钢(1979-),男,山东省临朐县人,现从事炼铁工艺生产工作。

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石 钢(1979-),男,山东省临朐县人,现从事炼铁工艺生产工作。

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高炉 1号热风炉
煤气入口
2号热风炉
煤气入口
3号热风炉
煤气入口
4号热风炉
煤气入口
7# 282 232 322 230
8# 340 260 380 340
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2021年煤气入口管道温度实测值 ℃

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高炉 1号热风炉
煤气入口
2号热风炉
煤气入口
3号热风炉
煤气入口
4号热风炉
煤气入口
7# 282 232 322 230
8# 340 260 380 340
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Al2O3含量
/%
耐火度
/℃
体积密度
/(g·cm-3)
耐压强度
/MPa
≥50 ≥1 500 1.8~2.1 35
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喷涂料理化指标

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Al2O3含量
/%
耐火度
/℃
体积密度
/(g·cm-3)
耐压强度
/MPa
≥50 ≥1 500 1.8~2.1 35
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顶燃式热风炉燃烧器煤气入口温度异常处理
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石钢 , 王永忠 , 李智辉 , 李志强 , 张利 , 王国新
包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2022,48(5): 24-26
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包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2022, 48(5): 24-26
顶燃式热风炉燃烧器煤气入口温度异常处理
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石钢, 王永忠, 李智辉, 李志强, 张利, 王国新
作者信息
  • 内蒙古包钢稀土钢板材有限责任公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 石 钢(1979-),男,山东省临朐县人,现从事炼铁工艺生产工作。

Treatment of Temperature Anomaly at Gas Inlet of Burner for Top Combustion Stove
Gang Shi, Yong-zhong Wang, Zhi-hui Li, Zhi-qiang Li, Li Zhang, Guo-xin Wang
Affiliations
  • Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth Steel Plate Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2022-10-25
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针对卡卢金顶燃式热风炉燃烧器煤气入口温度过高,管壳发红,煤气入口煤气管道焊缝开裂漏风的问题,经过焊补和表面风冷后效果不明显,对管道开孔发现内部耐火砖坍塌,采取特护措施并对该区域进行喷涂造衬修复,使热风温度恢复正常,高炉风温维持1 200 ℃正常生产,效果显著。

顶燃式热风炉  /  煤气入口塌砖  /  降温  /  喷涂

There are such problems as the temperature at gas inlet of burner for Kalugin top combustion stove is too high, package is red as well as weld joint of gas pipeline cracks and leaks. After soldering and surface air cooling, the effects are not obvious. It is found that the internal refractory bricks collapse through opening pore on the pipeline. Thus, the special measures are taken as well as the area is sprayed and with lining making to repair so that the hot air temperature returns to normal, blast temperature of blast furnace keeps at 1 200 ℃ for normal production and the effects are obvious.

top combustion stove  /  brick collapse at gas inlet  /  cooling  /  spray
石钢, 王永忠, 李智辉, 李志强, 张利, 王国新. 顶燃式热风炉燃烧器煤气入口温度异常处理. 包钢科技, 2022 , 48 (5) : 24 -26 .
Gang Shi, Yong-zhong Wang, Zhi-hui Li, Zhi-qiang Li, Li Zhang, Guo-xin Wang. Treatment of Temperature Anomaly at Gas Inlet of Burner for Top Combustion Stove[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2022 , 48 (5) : 24 -26 .
包钢7#、8#高炉有效容积4 150 m3,于2014年5月和2015年10月相继投产。高炉风量平均6 500 m3/min,送风压力平均460 kPa,顶压平均240 kPa,风温平均1 180~1 220 ℃。热风炉系统各配置4座卡卢金(Kalugin)顶燃式热风炉,采用两烧两送交叉并联的送风方式,使用高炉煤气为燃料,废气温度为450 ℃,拱顶温度最高可达到1 350 ℃,热风炉设计使用寿命为20年,已投入生产8年多时间。热风炉管道系统耐火材料在高温、高压下工作,经受温度和压力的周期性波动,其质量和寿命是保证热风炉达到高风温和长寿命的关键所在。由于顶燃式热风炉燃烧器煤气入口在生产过程中管道耐材内衬窜风、塌砖等原因导致管壳温度升高,煤气入口支管焊缝频繁开裂,处理过程中热风炉不准烧炉,送风模式改为两烧一送,换炉前后风温波动幅度超过50 ℃,导致高炉生产不稳定。
顶燃式热风炉燃烧器煤气和助燃空气管道上下分布在预热室上。煤气支管直径为2 100 mm,管道内衬只砌筑了一环160 mm高铝砖,管壳正常温度在200 ℃以下。进入2021年,8座热风炉燃烧器煤气入口支管上部温度在送风后期出现不同程度地升高,如表1所示。
使用手持红外测温仪器测量发现温度高点区域均为热风炉燃烧器煤气入口上半圆,其中7#高炉3号、8#高炉1号、3号、4号热风炉燃烧器煤气入口支管温度送风后期均超过300 ℃,日常采取了支风带冷却降温控制。2021年11月,8#高炉3号热风炉燃烧器煤气入口支管上部温度异常升高到380 ℃,煤气支管与燃烧器拱顶相贯线管壁出现开裂现象,经过对高温部位开孔探查,确认该支管上部耐火砖脱落,在燃烧器拱顶本体开灌浆孔,发现耐材也有脱落现象,采取了在支管高温部位贴20 mm厚钢板加固、裂缝包盒子堵漏措施后投入使用。2022年1月8日,8#高炉3号热风炉燃烧器煤气入口支管焊缝频繁开裂,煤气支管入口上部温度最高达到了450 ℃,3号热风炉撤炉,送风模式改为两烧一送,漏点焊缝全部清根重新焊接加固,煤气支管上部更换为25 mm厚钢板,对高温部位增加了氮气风带降温冷却,见图1。送风后煤气支管入口温度控制在350 ℃以下,但是该部位由于长期高温导致钢板强度降低,有烧穿危险,必需对耐火内衬进行维护修复才能解决风险。
经检查煤气支管上半环,燃烧器煤气入口组合砖均出现坍塌。煤气支管直径为2 100 mm,内部只砌筑了一环160 mm的高铝砖,设计管道没有喷涂层,由于煤气支管在生产时处于冷热交替状态,送风时处于高压状态,易造成耐火砖脱落。另外煤气支管弹簧支座补偿量不足,管道内砖衬受热应力膨胀后导致耐火砖砌体变形、破裂、坍塌,高温热风直接接触管壳,致管壳开裂从而温度升高[1]。管道内部塌砖情况见图2
管道上半圈温度送风1 h内不大于250 ℃,送风末期温度不大于380 ℃,烧炉时使用煤气报警仪检测,无漏点(检查时提前将冷却风关闭,检查完毕后再打开)。每个送风周期的初期(送风1 h后)、末期(送风2 h后)各检查一次并记录,高温部位加装贴片测温实时监测。
发现漏点及时联系处理,处理时严禁烧炉。发现温度超过300 ℃,要立即增加氮气风带进行冷却处理。温度持续升高超380 ℃且面积较大,立即将该送风炉撤炉改为两烧一送,防止烧穿。
制定好停煤气、降温检修方案,准备好耐材、锚固件等备品,利用高炉休风机会修复内部耐材。
2022年4月16日,8#高炉计划休风12 h,同步对煤气入口管道塌砖进行处理。由于需要人员进入支管和燃烧器内部进行维护修复,涉及到煤气安全,休风前一天对煤气支管进行了堵盲板作业。
由于顶燃式热风炉烟道抽力小,不能形成负压,煤气入口返热严重,为确保管道内工作面温度低于50 ℃,为进人检修创造条件,于2022年4月15日9:00提前堵完盲板后,打开支管Φ600 mm人孔,提前启动引风机,借助引风机对单座热风炉进行抽风降温,通过引风机调节阀控制了降温速度。经过22 h抽风降温,煤气入口温度从400 ℃降至48 ℃,具备了施工条件,燃烧器煤气入口降温趋势见图3
结合煤气入口管道塌砖情况采取喷涂修复。喷涂料的理化指标如表2所示。
进行修复时将管道上部松动的耐火砖清除,用大块石棉毡对煤气喷嘴孔进行封堵,并安排专人监护引风机状况,防止引风机停机。施工人员轮换进入管道焊接锚固件,锚固件长150 mm,间隔150 mm,并确保牢固。锚固件焊完炉窑施工人员进行喷涂,必须覆盖锚固件且平整,本次煤气支管使用喷涂料约3 000 kg。喷涂完毕把塌砖和回弹料清理后封堵焊接人孔,施工用时12 h,修复效果见图4
3号热风炉复产后对喷涂修复区域温度进行跟踪,见图5。喷涂修复区域温度降低至200 ℃以下,说明喷涂层工作良好,至今修复区域温度依然稳定。此次煤气入口塌砖修复达到了预期的效果,也为以后处理煤气入口管道塌砖积累了经验,下一步将对其他热风炉燃烧器煤气入口逐一修复。
顶燃式热风炉燃烧器煤气入口塌砖后需及时对耐火内衬进行修复避免烧穿。顶燃式热风炉烟道抽力小,采用引风机抽风降温可以有效控制返热。热风炉燃烧器煤气支管内部可以设计150 mm喷涂层来替代砌砖,可以完全满足工艺需要。目前采用不定形耐火材料如喷涂、灌浆、浇筑等方式利用高炉短休风时间、热态下在线对管道内衬进行维护性恢复是采用较多的方法。本文采用的喷涂修复方式可以最大限度地减小高炉因长期休风带来的损失,效果显著。
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李智辉, 王永忠, 石钢, 等. 包钢4 150 m3高炉热风管系温度异常处理[J]. 包钢科技, 2020, 46(2):8-10.
2022年第48卷第5期
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  • 接收时间:2022-07-04
  • 首发时间:2025-11-24
  • 出版时间:2022-10-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-04
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    内蒙古包钢稀土钢板材有限责任公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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