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Article(id=1199809970662372180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199809968984650567, articleNumber=1009-5438(2022)05-0020-04, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1657036800000, receivedDateStr=2022-07-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763986588396, onlineDateStr=2025-11-24, pubDate=1666627200000, pubDateStr=2022-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763986588396, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763986588396, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763986588396, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1199809968984650567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2022', volume='48', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763986587997, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764034198143, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200009660469183174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199809968984650567, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200009660469183175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199809968984650567, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=20, endPage=23, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1199809971392181095, articleId=1199809970662372180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Experimental Study on Super-thick Material Layer of Sintering of Baotou Steel, columnId=1199809969878037321, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Production Practice and Managemen, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In this paper, the influences of super-thick material layer on sintering process indexes as well as productivity and quality of sinter based on the iron material configuration condition that high proportion of iron concentrate of sintering of Baotou Steel are mainly elaborated. The study results showed that the FeO content of sinter could be significantly reduced by increasing thickness of sintering material layer, the thickness of material layer was increased from 700 mm to 1 000 mm and the FeO content of sinter was decreased by 1.39 percentage points, or 14.2%. The solid fuel consumption of sintering could be effectively reduced, yield and drum strength of sinter could be improved by increasing the thickness of sintering material layer. In this paper, such indexes as the fuel consumption, yield, drum strength, RI and RDI+3.15 mm of sinter tend to be increased then decreased with the thickness of material layer increases as well as they are optimal when the thickness of material layer is 800 mm, which shows that the suitable thickness of material layer is 800 mm with the iron material configuration condition of 20% Barun iron concentrate+20% Mongolian iron concentrate+60% imported iron ore powder.

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文章主要阐述了基于包钢烧结高铁精矿配比的铁料配置条件下的超厚料层对烧结工艺指标及烧结矿产质量的影响。研究结果表明,提高烧结料层厚度可以显著降低烧结矿的FeO含量。料层厚度从700 mm提高至1 000 mm,烧结矿FeO含量降低了1.39个百分点,降幅达14.2%。提高烧结料层厚度,既可以有效降低烧结固体燃耗,同时还可以提高烧结矿的成品率、改善烧结矿的转鼓强度。文章指出烧结矿燃耗、成品率、转鼓强度以及RI和RDI+3.15 mm指标均呈现随着料层厚度的增加,均呈现先升高后下降的趋势,并在800 mm达到最佳值,说明在20%巴润铁精矿+20%蒙古铁精矿+60%进口铁矿粉的铁料配置条件下,烧结适宜的料层厚度为800 mm。

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张 永(1981-),男,内蒙古鄂尔多斯市人,高级工程师,现从事烧结专业技术工作。

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张 永(1981-),男,内蒙古鄂尔多斯市人,高级工程师,现从事烧结专业技术工作。

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张 永(1981-),男,内蒙古鄂尔多斯市人,高级工程师,现从事烧结专业技术工作。

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原料名称 化学成分 Ig
TFe FeO CaO SiO2 MgO F P S K2O Na2O Al2O3
巴润铁精矿 66.11 28.29 1.33 1.26 0.94 0.255 0.058 0.527 0.138 0.070 0.18 3.12
蒙古铁精矿 63.88 28.70 1.48 2.85 1.09 0.270 <0.05 1.400 0.141 0.152 0.39 3.16
进口铁矿粉 59.90 <0.50 0.07 4.88 0.07 0.096 0.033 0.010 0.014 2.45 5.74
蛇纹石 3.82 31.52 30.67 12.05
石灰石 51.90 4.45 1.30 41.47
生石灰 80.00 3.61 6.98 5.94
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试验用原料的化学成分及烧损(质量分数) %

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原料名称 化学成分 Ig
TFe FeO CaO SiO2 MgO F P S K2O Na2O Al2O3
巴润铁精矿 66.11 28.29 1.33 1.26 0.94 0.255 0.058 0.527 0.138 0.070 0.18 3.12
蒙古铁精矿 63.88 28.70 1.48 2.85 1.09 0.270 <0.05 1.400 0.141 0.152 0.39 3.16
进口铁矿粉 59.90 <0.50 0.07 4.88 0.07 0.096 0.033 0.010 0.014 2.45 5.74
蛇纹石 3.82 31.52 30.67 12.05
石灰石 51.90 4.45 1.30 41.47
生石灰 80.00 3.61 6.98 5.94
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固定碳 灰分 挥发分 硫分 水分
82.00 16.18 2.17 0.90 2.40
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试验用焦粉工业分析(质量分数) %

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固定碳 灰分 挥发分 硫分 水分
82.00 16.18 2.17 0.90 2.40
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料层厚度
/mm		 铁料配置(质量分数)/% R 烧结矿MgO含量
/%
巴润铁精矿 蒙古铁精矿 进口铁矿粉
700 20 20 60 1.95±0.05 2.0±0.15
800 20 20 60
900 20 20 60
1 000 20 20 60
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试验方案

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料层厚度
/mm		 铁料配置(质量分数)/% R 烧结矿MgO含量
/%
巴润铁精矿 蒙古铁精矿 进口铁矿粉
700 20 20 60 1.95±0.05 2.0±0.15
800 20 20 60
900 20 20 60
1 000 20 20 60
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料层厚度
/mm		 化学成分(质量分数)/% R
TFe FeO CaO SiO2 MgO F P S K2O Na2O Al2O3
700 56.73 9.76 10.60 5.21 2.01 0.063 0.088 0.018 0.078 0.061 1.66 1.98
800 57.20 9.31 10.14 5.11 2.01 0.073 0.084 0.019 0.071 0.051 1.57 1.96
900 57.53 9.10 10.01 5.01 2.01 0.055 0.101 0.022 0.072 0.050 1.60 1.98
1 000 57.04 8.37 10.06 4.98 1.98 0.077 0.090 0.038 0.071 0.048 1.54 2.00
), ArticleFig(id=1200030235690365669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199809970662372180, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

烧结矿的化学成分及碱度的变化

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料层厚度
/mm		 化学成分(质量分数)/% R
TFe FeO CaO SiO2 MgO F P S K2O Na2O Al2O3
700 56.73 9.76 10.60 5.21 2.01 0.063 0.088 0.018 0.078 0.061 1.66 1.98
800 57.20 9.31 10.14 5.11 2.01 0.073 0.084 0.019 0.071 0.051 1.57 1.96
900 57.53 9.10 10.01 5.01 2.01 0.055 0.101 0.022 0.072 0.050 1.60 1.98
1 000 57.04 8.37 10.06 4.98 1.98 0.077 0.090 0.038 0.071 0.048 1.54 2.00
), ArticleFig(id=1200030235795223274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199809970662372180, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
料层厚度
/mm		 干烧成率
/%		 成品率
/%		 利用系数
/(t·m-2·h-1)		 垂速
/(mm·min-1)		 返矿平衡系数 燃耗
/(kg·t-1)		 转鼓强度
(+6.3 mm)/%
700 88.48 67.46 1.621 24.29 0.96 66.54 59.20
800 88.85 68.08 1.633 21.07 0.95 66.96 61.60
900 89.12 67.03 1.698 18.51 0.98 67.43 58.53
1 000 83.81 64.87 1.468 22.99 0.98 73.92 60.00
), ArticleFig(id=1200030235921052399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199809970662372180, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

烧结工艺指标及烧结矿强度

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料层厚度
/mm		 干烧成率
/%		 成品率
/%		 利用系数
/(t·m-2·h-1)		 垂速
/(mm·min-1)		 返矿平衡系数 燃耗
/(kg·t-1)		 转鼓强度
(+6.3 mm)/%
700 88.48 67.46 1.621 24.29 0.96 66.54 59.20
800 88.85 68.08 1.633 21.07 0.95 66.96 61.60
900 89.12 67.03 1.698 18.51 0.98 67.43 58.53
1 000 83.81 64.87 1.468 22.99 0.98 73.92 60.00
), ArticleFig(id=1200030236025910004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199809970662372180, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
料层厚度
/mm		 RI
/%		 RDI+3.15 mm
/%		 软融性能/℃
T4 T10 T40 T40-T4 TS TD TD-TS
700 78.59 74.7 1 160 1 193 1 314 154 1 331 1 549 218
800 82.48 75.2 1 162 1 192 1 323 161 1 324 1 548 224
900 84.78 75.1 1 158 1 190 1 308 150 1 333 1 525 192
1 000 85.28 71.6 1 161 1 189 1 321 160 1 335 1 537 202
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烧结矿冶金性能

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料层厚度
/mm		 RI
/%		 RDI+3.15 mm
/%		 软融性能/℃
T4 T10 T40 T40-T4 TS TD TD-TS
700 78.59 74.7 1 160 1 193 1 314 154 1 331 1 549 218
800 82.48 75.2 1 162 1 192 1 323 161 1 324 1 548 224
900 84.78 75.1 1 158 1 190 1 308 150 1 333 1 525 192
1 000 85.28 71.6 1 161 1 189 1 321 160 1 335 1 537 202
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包钢烧结超厚料层试验研究
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张永 1 , 陈革 1 , 梁海全 2
包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2022,48(5): 20-23
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包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2022, 48(5): 20-23
包钢烧结超厚料层试验研究
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张永1, 陈革1, 梁海全2
作者信息
  • 1 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 2 内蒙古包钢稀土钢板材有限责任公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010

    • 张 永(1981-),男,内蒙古鄂尔多斯市人,高级工程师,现从事烧结专业技术工作。

Experimental Study on Super-thick Material Layer of Sintering of Baotou Steel
Yong Zhang1, Ge Chen1, Hai-quan Liang2
Affiliations
  • 1 Technical Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 2 Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth Steel Plate Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2022-10-25
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摘要
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文章主要阐述了基于包钢烧结高铁精矿配比的铁料配置条件下的超厚料层对烧结工艺指标及烧结矿产质量的影响。研究结果表明,提高烧结料层厚度可以显著降低烧结矿的FeO含量。料层厚度从700 mm提高至1 000 mm,烧结矿FeO含量降低了1.39个百分点,降幅达14.2%。提高烧结料层厚度,既可以有效降低烧结固体燃耗,同时还可以提高烧结矿的成品率、改善烧结矿的转鼓强度。文章指出烧结矿燃耗、成品率、转鼓强度以及RI和RDI+3.15 mm指标均呈现随着料层厚度的增加,均呈现先升高后下降的趋势,并在800 mm达到最佳值,说明在20%巴润铁精矿+20%蒙古铁精矿+60%进口铁矿粉的铁料配置条件下,烧结适宜的料层厚度为800 mm。

烧结矿  /  厚料层  /  转鼓强度

In this paper, the influences of super-thick material layer on sintering process indexes as well as productivity and quality of sinter based on the iron material configuration condition that high proportion of iron concentrate of sintering of Baotou Steel are mainly elaborated. The study results showed that the FeO content of sinter could be significantly reduced by increasing thickness of sintering material layer, the thickness of material layer was increased from 700 mm to 1 000 mm and the FeO content of sinter was decreased by 1.39 percentage points, or 14.2%. The solid fuel consumption of sintering could be effectively reduced, yield and drum strength of sinter could be improved by increasing the thickness of sintering material layer. In this paper, such indexes as the fuel consumption, yield, drum strength, RI and RDI+3.15 mm of sinter tend to be increased then decreased with the thickness of material layer increases as well as they are optimal when the thickness of material layer is 800 mm, which shows that the suitable thickness of material layer is 800 mm with the iron material configuration condition of 20% Barun iron concentrate+20% Mongolian iron concentrate+60% imported iron ore powder.

sinter  /  thick material layer  /  drum strength
张永, 陈革, 梁海全. 包钢烧结超厚料层试验研究. 包钢科技, 2022 , 48 (5) : 20 -23 .
Yong Zhang, Ge Chen, Hai-quan Liang. Experimental Study on Super-thick Material Layer of Sintering of Baotou Steel[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2022 , 48 (5) : 20 -23 .
正文
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厚料层烧结可以充分利用烧结料层的自动蓄热作用,改善矿物结晶,减少表层返矿占比,改善烧结矿粒度组成,降低烧结生产固体燃料消耗,有利于硅铝复合铁酸钙(SFCA)的生成,可以提高烧结矿的机械强度和成品率,尤其在提高烧结矿产量方面效果显著[1],自20世纪70年代就得到了迅速的发展。而20世纪我国烧结生产主要以国内精矿粉为主,极大的限制了厚料层烧结的发展,进入21世纪,进口富矿粉逐渐成为烧结使用的主要原料,料层平均厚度也从21世纪初的不足500 mm发展为现在的700 mm以上。近几年来,马鞍山钢铁公司三铁总厂、首钢京唐公司等企业,先后在365 m2和550 m2烧结机上实现了850 mm和900 mm超厚料层烧结生产,并且在产量、燃耗和质量上取得了显著效果,很大程度上填补了逐年增加生铁产能对烧结矿的需求。但是随着生铁产能的逐步增加和环保形势愈发严峻,对烧结提产和降耗提出了更高的要求,包钢积极响应国家环保政策和实现碳达峰、碳中和的要求,决定将炼铁厂一烧车间全面关停。一烧关停后包钢烧结矿产量将减少360万t/年,会导致高炉入炉烧结矿严重不足,如何进一步提高包钢烧结机产量,成为迫在眉睫的任务,在无法通过新增烧结机提高产量的条件下,开发厚料层乃至超厚料层烧结是当前有效的技术手段之一,同时还有利于降低烧结固体燃耗,对铁前节能、减排有着重要的意义。
1 厚料层烧结试验研究
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1.1 试验原料
试验原料均为包钢炼铁厂烧结生产实际用料。其中,含铁原料有巴润铁精矿、蒙古铁精矿和进口铁矿粉;熔剂有石灰石、蛇纹石和生石灰,燃料为焦粉。原燃料化学成分分别列于表1、表2。
由表1可以看出,试验用铁精矿品位均较高,其中巴润铁精矿的品位达到了66%以上,且FeO含量也较高,属于典型的磁铁精矿。两种铁精矿中的有害成分F、S、K2O、Na2O含量均高于进口铁矿粉,其中蒙古铁精矿S含量较高,达到1.400%。试验用进口铁矿粉属于半褐型铁矿粉,相对试验用铁精矿而言,其品位略低,且SiO2含量和烧损高。
1.2 试验方案
试验采用烧结生产实际的铁料配置,分别进行700 mm、800 mm、900 mm和1 000 mm不同料层厚度的烧结杯试验,考察不同料层厚度条件下烧结矿质量指标的变化。具体试验方案见表3。
1.3 烧结杯试验工艺参数
烧结杯试验采用实验室直径200 mm烧结杯,点火温度控制为1 000 ℃,点火时间控制为120 s,点火负压控制在6.0 kPa,烧结负压控制在10 kPa。
2 试验结果及分析
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2.1 烧结矿化学成分
不同料层厚度对烧结矿化学成分的影响试验结果见表4。
由表4可以看出,随着料层厚度的增加,烧结矿FeO含量呈下降的趋势。当料层厚度达到1 000 mm时,烧结矿FeO含量较700 mm时降低了1.39个百分点。分析认为,厚料层烧结能够提高烧结料层的自动蓄热作用,使高温时间缩短,冷脆烧结表层比例减少,烧结内层氧化气氛增强,高价铁氧化物的分解减少,从而降低了烧结矿FeO含量[2]。
2.2 烧结工艺指标
不同料层厚度对烧结工艺指标的影响试验结果见表5。
由表5可以看出:
(1)随着料层厚度的增加,成品率呈现出先升高后下降的趋势。800 mm料层厚度条件下烧结矿成品率最好,较700 mm料层时增加了0.62个百分点;当料层厚度达到900 mm时,成品率开始下降,达到1 000 mm时,成品率较700 mm料层时降低了2.59个百分点。分析认为,随着料层厚度增加,没有采取相应措施改善烧结混匀料的粒度,导致烧结过程透气性变差,影响烧结矿的质量,使烧结矿成品率下降。
(2)随着料层厚度的增加,烧结固体燃耗有升高的趋势。当料层厚度在900 mm以下时,燃耗随着料层厚度的提高变化较小;当料层厚度达到900 mm以上,燃耗显著增加,尤其到料层达到1 000 mm时,固体燃耗较700 mm料层时增加了7.38 kg/t。分析认为,料层达到900 mm以上时,成品率下降幅度较大导致烧结矿固体燃耗升高。
(3)利用系数随着料层厚度的提高呈先提高后下降的变化趋势,在900 mm时达到最佳值,之后随着料层厚度的继续提高,利用系数呈显著下降趋势。其原因是随着料层厚度的进一步提高,若不采取措施改变料层的透气性,实施超厚料层烧结,料层透气性会变差[3],烧结垂速下降,不利于烧结过程燃烧带的下移,从而影响烧结矿的产、质量。
(4)随着料层厚度的增加,烧结矿转鼓强度也是呈现先升高后下降的趋势,并在800 mm时达到最佳。当料层厚度高于900 mm,烧结矿的转鼓强度开始呈下降趋势。其原因是随着料层厚度的增加,料层透气性变差,烧结过程中氧化气氛减弱,不利于烧结矿中铁酸钙的生成,从而影响烧结矿的转鼓强度。
综上所述,在该试验铁料配置条件下,烧结料层厚度为800 mm时,烧结工艺指标及烧结矿质量达到了最佳。
2.3 烧结矿的冶金性能
不同料层厚度对烧结矿冶金性能的影响试验结果见表6。
由表6可以看出:
(1)随着料层厚度的增加,烧结矿还原度(RI)指标有增加的趋势,料层从700 mm增加至800 mm时,RI增加幅度最大,增加了3.89个百分点;当料层从800 mm增加至1 000 mm,RI增加了2.8个百分点,其原因就是随着料层厚度增加,烧结矿中FeO含量降低,烧结矿还原度改善。
(2)随着料层厚度的增加,烧结矿低温还原粉化指数(RDI+3.15 mm)指标呈现先升高后下降的趋势,800 mm时最佳,为75.2%,较700 mm时增加了0.5个百分点。当料层增加至900 mm以上达到1 000 mm时,RDI+3.15 mm指标明显下降,较700 mm时降低了3.1个百分点。其原因是随着料层厚度的提高,若不采取措施改善料层的透气性,料层透气性的恶化会不利于烧结过程燃烧带的下移,烧结中氧化气氛降低,烧结矿中铁酸钙生产数量减少,导致液相量生成也相应减少,造成RDI+3.15 mm指标变差。
综上所述,基于包钢目前原料条件不变的情况下,实施厚料层烧结,在不采取相应措施改善烧结混合料的粒度、增加料层透气性的前提下,并保持其他参数不变,仅调整料层厚度,推荐最佳料层厚度为800 mm。
3 结论
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(1)提高烧结料层厚度可以显著降低烧结矿的FeO含量。料层厚度从700 mm提高至1 000 mm,烧结矿FeO含量降低了1.39个百分点,降幅达14.2%。
(2)提高烧结料层厚度,既可以有效降低烧结固体燃耗,同时还可以提高烧结矿的成品率,改善烧结矿的转鼓强度。本研究在将提高料层厚度提高至800 mm以上时,未采取相应措施改善烧结混合料的制粒效果,导致燃耗未随着料层厚度的提高而继续下降,而是在800 mm以上的料层厚度时,燃耗以及成品率和转鼓强度指标均出现了拐点,说明在本研究的铁料条件下,料层厚度达到800 mm时,需要改善料层的透气性才能实现超高料层厚度对燃耗和强度指标的改善。
(3)本研究烧结矿RI和RDI+3.15 mm指标,也是呈现随着料层厚度的增加先升高后下降的趋势,并在800 mm达到最佳值。说明在20%巴润铁精矿+20%蒙古铁精矿+60%进口铁矿粉的铁料配置条件下,烧结适宜的料层厚度为800 mm。
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参考文献 引证文献
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[1]
程峥明, 宁文欣, 李宏伟, 等. 超厚料层均质烧结技术的研究与应用[J]. 烧结球团, 2019, 44(4):7-12.
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阚永海. 超厚料层烧结技术应用研究[J]. 河南冶金, 2020, 28(5):1-3.
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翟江南. 宝钢厚料层烧结技术创新的经济学分析[D]. 长沙: 中南大学, 2005.
2022年第48卷第5期
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  • 接收时间：2022-07-06
  • 首发时间：2025-11-24
  • 出版时间：2022-10-25
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  • 收稿日期：2022-07-06
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    1 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心, 内蒙古 包头 014010
    2 内蒙古包钢稀土钢板材有限责任公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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