Article(id=1199661557408953152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199661546335994621, articleNumber=1009-5438(2022)01-0014-04, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1639497600000, receivedDateStr=2021-12-15, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763951203919, onlineDateStr=2025-11-24, pubDate=1645718400000, pubDateStr=2022-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763951203919, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763951203919, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763951203919, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1199661546335994621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2022', volume='48', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763951201279, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763959528511, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1199696473341391309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199661546335994621, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1199696473341391310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1199661546335994621, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=14, endPage=17, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1199661557736108883, articleId=1199661557408953152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Application Research of Wash Mill for Concentration of Bayan Obo Mine, columnId=1187340472918880861, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Production Practice and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to improve the grade of iron concentrate and reduce the contents of other gangue minerals in iron concentrate, the concentration with wash mill is added after finely sieving in Concentration Plant of Baotou Steel. Moreover, such tests as feeding concentration of wash mill, magnetic field intensity, opening of water valve and bottom valve are carried out. Finally, the grade of iron concentrate increases from 56.8% to 67.0%, recovery rate of iron is 93.42% so that the effects of quality improvement and impurity reduction are achieved.

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为了提高铁精矿品位,降低铁精矿中其它脉石矿物的含量,包钢选矿厂在细筛后增加淘洗机精选作业,并进行了淘洗机给矿浓度、磁场强度、水阀开度、底阀开度试验,将铁精矿品位从56.8%提高到67.0%,铁回收率为93.42%,同时达到了提质降杂的效果。

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常文(1987-),男,湖北省荆门市人,硕士,工程师,主要从事选矿工艺技术工作。

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常文(1987-),男,湖北省荆门市人,硕士,工程师,主要从事选矿工艺技术工作。

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常文(1987-),男,湖北省荆门市人,硕士,工程师,主要从事选矿工艺技术工作。

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TFe REO Nb2O5 S SiO2 CaO MgO CaF2 K2O Na2O
56.8 8.87 0.17 0.576 4.152 2.85 1.79 3.25 0.096 0.244
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矿石多元素分析结果(质量分数) %

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TFe REO Nb2O5 S SiO2 CaO MgO CaF2 K2O Na2O
56.8 8.87 0.17 0.576 4.152 2.85 1.79 3.25 0.096 0.244
), ArticleFig(id=1199695893415953158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199661557408953152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
磁性铁 赤铁矿 黄铁矿 白云石 萤石 石英 磷灰石 辉石 钾长石 其他矿物 稀土矿物
48.2 9.78 1.15 5.6 3.2 6.54 1.23 5.4 1.3 5.4 12.2
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矿样的矿物组成(体积分数) %

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磁性铁 赤铁矿 黄铁矿 白云石 萤石 石英 磷灰石 辉石 钾长石 其他矿物 稀土矿物
48.2 9.78 1.15 5.6 3.2 6.54 1.23 5.4 1.3 5.4 12.2
), ArticleFig(id=1199695893617279753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199661557408953152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
磁场参数设定 磁场强度/mT
11 000 13
12 000 19
13 000 28
14 000 36
15 000 42
16 000 49
17 000 56
18 000 68
19 000 72
20 000 84
21 000 90
22 000 103
), ArticleFig(id=1199695893701165836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199661557408953152, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

淘洗机磁场参数设定

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
磁场参数设定 磁场强度/mT
11 000 13
12 000 19
13 000 28
14 000 36
15 000 42
16 000 49
17 000 56
18 000 68
19 000 72
20 000 84
21 000 90
22 000 103
), ArticleFig(id=1199695893797634833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1199661557408953152, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TFe SiO2 P S F K2O Na2O
67.0 1.691 0.108 0.564 0.617 0.059 0.098
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淘洗精矿多元素分析结果(质量分数) %

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TFe SiO2 P S F K2O Na2O
67.0 1.691 0.108 0.564 0.617 0.059 0.098
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淘洗机在白云鄂博矿精选作业的应用研究
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常文 , 曾永杰 , 赵建强 , 邓建林 , 贺旭然
包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2022,48(1): 14-17
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包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2022, 48(1): 14-17
淘洗机在白云鄂博矿精选作业的应用研究
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常文, 曾永杰, 赵建强, 邓建林, 贺旭然
作者信息
  • 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司宝山矿业公司,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 常文(1987-),男,湖北省荆门市人,硕士,工程师,主要从事选矿工艺技术工作。

Application Research of Wash Mill for Concentration of Bayan Obo Mine
Wen Chang, Yong-jie Zeng, Jian-qiang Zhao, Jian-lin Deng, Xu-ran He
Affiliations
  • Baoshan Mining Co. of Baotou Iron & Steel (Group) Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2022-02-25
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为了提高铁精矿品位,降低铁精矿中其它脉石矿物的含量,包钢选矿厂在细筛后增加淘洗机精选作业,并进行了淘洗机给矿浓度、磁场强度、水阀开度、底阀开度试验,将铁精矿品位从56.8%提高到67.0%,铁回收率为93.42%,同时达到了提质降杂的效果。

铁精矿  /  淘洗机  /  提质降杂

In order to improve the grade of iron concentrate and reduce the contents of other gangue minerals in iron concentrate, the concentration with wash mill is added after finely sieving in Concentration Plant of Baotou Steel. Moreover, such tests as feeding concentration of wash mill, magnetic field intensity, opening of water valve and bottom valve are carried out. Finally, the grade of iron concentrate increases from 56.8% to 67.0%, recovery rate of iron is 93.42% so that the effects of quality improvement and impurity reduction are achieved.

iron concentrate  /  wash mill  /  quality improvement and impurity reduction
常文, 曾永杰, 赵建强, 邓建林, 贺旭然. 淘洗机在白云鄂博矿精选作业的应用研究. 包钢科技, 2022 , 48 (1) : 14 -17 .
Wen Chang, Yong-jie Zeng, Jian-qiang Zhao, Jian-lin Deng, Xu-ran He. Application Research of Wash Mill for Concentration of Bayan Obo Mine[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2022 , 48 (1) : 14 -17 .
白云鄂博矿是我国著名的特大型铁、稀土、铌等多金属共伴生矿,资源丰富,为世界罕见[1]。宝山矿业公司及沃尔特矿业公司计划年处理白云鄂博氧化矿600万t。由于矿石中矿物种类多,矿石性质复杂,嵌布粒度细,对铁精矿的产品质量要求较高[2],包钢采用“弱磁选—强磁选—浮选”的工艺流程对铁精矿进行提质降杂[3-5],因浮选作业成本较高,对环境也存在一定的影响,拟采用淘洗磁选方法来代替浮选作业。
白云选矿厂及沃尔特矿业公司生产的粗精矿粒度较粗,为满足淘洗机分选最佳粒度条件,通过旋流分级、分级溢流进入细筛作业,分级沉砂进行球磨,球磨之后的矿物与筛上物返回流程,进行闭路分级磨矿,得到粒度合格的铁精矿后再进行淘洗作业,其工艺流程见图1
对淘洗原矿进行多元素分析,结果见表1
表1分析结果可知,试验样品中含有可以回收的有价元素以铁、稀土、铌、钪、萤石为主,其中铁品位为56.8%,稀土含量8.87%,在选别过程中需要尽可能降低的元素有硅、硫、镁、钙、氟等杂质,其中含量最高的二氧化硅占4.152%。白云鄂博矿中的金属和非金属元素种类多,但是除铁和稀土以外的其它元素含量相对较低。
表2矿样的矿物组成分析可以看出,矿样中铁矿物含量最高,达到了59.13%,存在着可回收利用的矿物以稀土矿物和萤石为主,其中稀土矿物含量为12.2%。脉石矿物主要包括白云石、石英、辉石、磷灰石、钾长石等,其中含量较高的是白云石、石英和辉石,达到了5%以上。
淘洗机作为一种弱磁性磁场淘洗设备,在选矿厂铁矿精选作业中扮演着重要的角色。淘洗机选别区间内水平方向分布有均匀的磁场,在垂直方向上分布有磁力向下的复合磁场,矿浆从筒体顶端给入选别区后,磁性矿物在向下的磁场力、重力和上升水冲力的合力作用下至排矿口排出成为精矿,而脉石矿物随着上升水流向上移动至溢流口作为尾矿排出[6]。淘洗机磁场参数设定见表3
本次试验在固定循环磁场参数为18 000、固定磁场参数为18 000、水阀开度为50%、底阀开度为10%的条件下,进行给矿浓度对淘洗机选别的影响试验,试验结果见图2
图2可知,在相同的给矿条件下,随着淘洗机给矿浓度的增加,矿浆中铁矿物和脉石矿物量增大,高浓度矿浆进入淘洗机进行分选时,一部分脉石矿物被夹杂在磁性矿物中,没有被及时分选,随着精矿排出,导致精矿铁品位呈现降低趋势;一部分磁性铁矿物来不及被吸附形成磁链,被夹带在脉石矿物中随着上升水流从溢流排出,尾矿铁品位呈现上升趋势,导致铁精矿回收率呈现一直下降的趋势。考虑到铁精矿的品位与回收率,选择给矿浓度35%时为最佳条件。
本次试验在给矿浓度为35%、固定磁场参数为18 000、水阀开度为50%、底阀开度为10%的条件下,进行循环磁场强度对淘洗机选别的影响试验,试验结果见图3
图3可以得出,随着淘洗机循环场强的升高,铁精矿品位呈现先趋于平缓后下降的趋势,回收率呈现上升的趋势。在循环磁场参数为17 000时,由于磁场偏低,部分弱磁性铁矿物会随着尾矿从溢流排出,导致淘洗尾矿铁品位较高;循环磁场参数在高于18 000时,回收率会随着磁场强度增加而增大,矿浆中铁矿物及其连生脉石矿物被吸附,淘洗精矿铁品位逐渐降低。综合考虑产率和铁精矿品位,确定循环磁场参数为18 000时为最佳条件。
本次试验在给矿浓度为35%、循环磁场参数为18 000、水阀开度为50%,底阀开度为10%的条件下,进行固定磁场强度对淘洗机选别的影响试验,试验结果见图4
图4可以得出,固定磁场主要用于控制跑尾,防止磁性铁溢出及控制贫富连生体的溢出比例。随着固定磁场场强的升高,溢流铁矿物随之减少,铁精矿品位呈下降的趋势,精矿回收率随之增大,增加幅度不大。综合考虑产率和铁精矿品位,确定固定磁场参数为18 000时为最佳条件。
本次试验在给矿浓度为35%、循环磁场参数为18 000、固定磁场参数为18 000、底阀开度为10%的条件下,进行水阀开度对淘洗机选别的影响试验,试验结果见图5
水阀开度是利用上升水提供向上的作用力,来排出无磁性和弱磁性的脉石矿物。由图5可以得出,随着水阀开度的增大,上升水量增加,部分铁矿物会随着脉石矿物进入溢流,导致下沉铁精矿的品位呈现上升趋势,而回收率呈现下降趋势。考虑到铁精矿的品位与回收率,确定水阀开度为50%为最佳条件。
本次试验在循环磁场参数为18 000、固定磁场参数为18 000、水阀开度为50%的条件下,进行底阀开度对淘洗机选别的影响试验,试验结果见图6
底阀开度主要控制淘洗精矿的浓度。由图6可以得出,随着底阀开度增大,铁精矿排出量增加,部分脉石矿物会随着铁精矿排出,导致下沉铁精矿的品位呈下降的趋势,而回收率呈上升的趋势。同时,尾矿的铁品位和回收率呈现下降趋势。根据试验结果,底阀开度在10%时,铁精矿品位为66%,回收率为96%,因此确定底阀开度10%为最佳条件。
对最佳生产条件下淘洗机生产的精矿进行多元素分析,分析结果见表4
与粗精矿相比,经过淘洗机分选之后,铁精矿品位从56.8%提高到67.0%,铁回收率为93.42%,精矿中杂质二氧化硅、磷、硫、氟、氧化钾、氧化钠含量分别降低至1.691%、0.108%、0.564%、0.617%、0.059%、0.098%,达到了提质降杂的效果。
(1)通过淘洗机分选试验研究,淘洗机对粗精矿选别的最佳条件为:淘洗机给矿浓度35%,循环磁场参数18 000,固定磁场参数18 000,水阀开度50%,底阀开度10%。
(2)在粗精矿铁品位为56.8%的原矿条件下,通过淘洗机分选,可获得铁品位为67.0%、回收率为93.42%的铁精矿。
(3)淘洗机分选可实现无磁性脉石矿物与铁矿物的有效分离,铁精矿中硅、钾、钠等杂质含量大幅降低。
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2022年第48卷第1期
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  • 接收时间:2021-12-15
  • 首发时间:2025-11-24
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Genus
种数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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