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In the paper, it is introduced the new steel grade 30MnCr25RE is developed for manufacturing L80-1 grade oil casing based on the performance features of hardening and tempering L80-1 grade oil casing manufactured with original steel grade 30MnCr22 by studying the effects of alloy elements in steel. The industrial casual inspection results showed that the minimum yield strength was 570 MPa and maximum yield strength was 625 MPa as well as its fluctuation range was controlled within 55 MPa for L80-1 grade oil casing manufactured with new steel grade 30MnCr25RE. Compared with the original steel grade 30MnCr22, the fluctuation range of yield strength for developed new steel grade is narrower and its performances are more stable. Moreover, the elongation increases by about 4 percentage points comparing with that of L80-1 grade oil casing manufactured with original steel grade 30MnCr22 as well as the impact energy at 0 ℃ could meet the requirements of API spec 5CT technical specification and rigorous technical requirements of users.

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文章通过研究合金元素在钢中的作用,基于原钢种30MnCr22生产的调质L80-1钢级套管的性能特点,研发了新钢种30MnCr25RE用以生产L80-1钢级石油套管。产业化抽检结果表明,采用新钢种30MnCr25RE生产的L80-1钢级套管,最小屈服强度为570 MPa,最大屈服强度为625 MPa,屈服强度波动范围控制在55 MPa以内,相比较30MnCr22原钢种,开发的新钢种屈服强度波动范围更窄,性能更加稳定。相较于原钢种30MnCr22生产的调质L80-1钢级套管,延伸率提高了4个百分点左右,0 ℃冲击功不仅满足API spec 5CT技术规范要求,同时满足用户严苛的技术要求。

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李建元(1979-),男,山西省忻州市人,现从事无缝管生产、质量攻关及销售工作。

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李建元(1979-),男,山西省忻州市人,现从事无缝管生产、质量攻关及销售工作。

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李建元(1979-),男,山西省忻州市人,现从事无缝管生产、质量攻关及销售工作。

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C Si Mn P S Cr RE
0.28~0.32 0.20~0.30 ≤1.5 ≤0.015 ≤0.010 0.20~0.30 适量
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30MnCr25RE含稀土石油套管钢化学成分(质量分数) %

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C Si Mn P S Cr RE
0.28~0.32 0.20~0.30 ≤1.5 ≤0.015 ≤0.010 0.20~0.30 适量
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30MnCr25RE含稀土石油套管开发与应用
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李建元 , 石晓霞 , 张行刚
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2022,48(1): 61-64
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2022, 48(1): 61-64
30MnCr25RE含稀土石油套管开发与应用
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李建元, 石晓霞, 张行刚
作者信息
  • 内蒙古包钢钢管有限公司,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 李建元(1979-),男,山西省忻州市人,现从事无缝管生产、质量攻关及销售工作。

Development and Application of 30MnCr25RE Oil Casing Containing Rare Earth
Jian-yuan Li, Xiao-xia Shi, Xing-gang Zhang
Affiliations
  • Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Tube Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2022-02-25
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文章通过研究合金元素在钢中的作用,基于原钢种30MnCr22生产的调质L80-1钢级套管的性能特点,研发了新钢种30MnCr25RE用以生产L80-1钢级石油套管。产业化抽检结果表明,采用新钢种30MnCr25RE生产的L80-1钢级套管,最小屈服强度为570 MPa,最大屈服强度为625 MPa,屈服强度波动范围控制在55 MPa以内,相比较30MnCr22原钢种,开发的新钢种屈服强度波动范围更窄,性能更加稳定。相较于原钢种30MnCr22生产的调质L80-1钢级套管,延伸率提高了4个百分点左右,0 ℃冲击功不仅满足API spec 5CT技术规范要求,同时满足用户严苛的技术要求。

30MnCr25RE  /  石油套管  /  L80-1

In the paper, it is introduced the new steel grade 30MnCr25RE is developed for manufacturing L80-1 grade oil casing based on the performance features of hardening and tempering L80-1 grade oil casing manufactured with original steel grade 30MnCr22 by studying the effects of alloy elements in steel. The industrial casual inspection results showed that the minimum yield strength was 570 MPa and maximum yield strength was 625 MPa as well as its fluctuation range was controlled within 55 MPa for L80-1 grade oil casing manufactured with new steel grade 30MnCr25RE. Compared with the original steel grade 30MnCr22, the fluctuation range of yield strength for developed new steel grade is narrower and its performances are more stable. Moreover, the elongation increases by about 4 percentage points comparing with that of L80-1 grade oil casing manufactured with original steel grade 30MnCr22 as well as the impact energy at 0 ℃ could meet the requirements of API spec 5CT technical specification and rigorous technical requirements of users.

30MnCr25RE  /  oil casing  /  L80-1
李建元, 石晓霞, 张行刚. 30MnCr25RE含稀土石油套管开发与应用. 包钢科技, 2022 , 48 (1) : 61 -64 .
Jian-yuan Li, Xiao-xia Shi, Xing-gang Zhang. Development and Application of 30MnCr25RE Oil Casing Containing Rare Earth[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2022 , 48 (1) : 61 -64 .
随着石油与天然气勘探开发力度不断增加,我国钻井量已成为世界三大钻井量最多的国家(美国、加拿大、中国)之一[1]。油气开采领域中应用较为广泛的油套管产品主要有J/K55、N80、L80-1及P110。调研显示,L80-1钢级套管应用约占API[2]油套管的1/10,国内每年的市场需求在80万t左右。包钢年生产L80-1钢级套管2万t左右,该类产品具有良好的市场需求基础。由于L80-1钢级套管生产需要国际认证,产品交货验收及使用需严格执行API标准,另外油气田用户根据实际开采工况还会提出更为严苛的技术要求,因此该类产品供货门槛相对较高,能生产该类产品的制造企业屈指可数。包钢2008年完成了L80-1钢级油套管产品的开发,设计的钢种为30MnCr22。近两年来,随着中国石油天燃气集团有限公司、中国海洋石油集团有限公司及中国石油化工集团有限公司招标技术文件对油套管力学性能技术指标要求的提高,采用30MnCr22生产的L80-1钢级套管在生产检验过程中问题频出,特别是大口径薄壁套管0 ℃横向冲击功,实测值满足标准要求却不满足油田技术要求。鉴于以上原因,在30MnCr22石油套管用钢的基础上,结合稀土在钢中的积极作用,开发了30MnCr25RE含稀土石油套管用钢,来满足L80-1钢级套管技术升级要求。
钢中碳含量增加,屈服强度和抗拉强度升高,但塑性和冲击韧性降低[3]。L80-1钢级套管需要调质处理来保证其良好的综合力学性能,碳含量不宜过高,碳含量超过0.35%,调质过程容易产生淬火裂纹,不利于保证套管的成材率,因此该钢种碳含量应控制在0.28%~0.32%。硅在炼钢过程中作为主要的还原剂和脱氧剂,一般加入量在0.15%~0.35%。锰在炼钢过程中是良好的脱氧剂和脱硫剂,碳锰钢及低合金钢中,需要添加0.5%以上的Mn作为合金元素与碳配合使用。碳钢及低合金钢中加入一定量的锰,能保证材料良好的韧性,且随着锰含量的增加,钢铁材料的强度和硬度也随之增加。另外锰含量的增加还能提高钢的淬透性,改善钢的热加工性能,但是锰含量过高会造成圆管坯成分偏析,形成富锰偏析带,不利于钢铁材料的热加工性能及各向异性。通常认为磷是钢中有害元素,磷含量增加会降低钢的塑性,特别是在低温环境下使用的钢,较高的磷含量在晶界偏聚会降低晶界的结合力,严重削弱钢的低温冲击韧性。硫有利于钢铁材料的易切削性,但硫含量达到一定程度,会使钢铁材料产生热脆性,降低钢的延展性和韧性,在轧制时易诱发裂纹,因此在成本允许的情况下,硫含量不大于0.015%为最佳。铬是提高钢淬透性的有效元素,研究发现,一定量的铬加入碳锰钢中,通过调质处理,不仅能提高钢的强度与硬度,同时能改善钢的韧性与延展性。铬铁价格相对较高,因此碳锰钢中加入铬铁,还需要考虑成本因素。钢中加入稀土,可以净化钢液,同时也可以改变钢中夹杂物的组成、形态、分布和性质,从而改善钢的韧性及加工性能等。根据化学元素在钢中的作用,开发的30MnCr25RE含稀土石油套管钢化学成分见表1
套管生产工艺:铁水预处理→顶底复吹转炉冶炼→LF炉精炼→VD真空脱气→圆坯连铸→管坯加热→穿孔→轧管→定径→冷床冷却→热处理。
L80-1钢级套管生产过程中,Sn、As、Pb、Sb、Bi等残余元素对套管内外表面质量影响非常明显,而在冶炼连铸过程中,降低残余元素含量的技术手段有限,因此对来料铁水中五害元素提出要求,即Sn、As、Pb、Sb、Bi含量不大于0.010%,五种残余元素总含量不大于0.025%。为了保证钢中的硫含量,对来料铁水采用镁基脱硫进行预脱硫处理。转炉采用单渣工艺冶炼,终渣碱度不大于3.0,同时采用硅锰、锰铁进行脱氧合金化,并在出钢过程严格挡渣,出钢过程中加入适量白灰块造白渣。LF精炼全程吹氩,采用逐渐升温方式,根据转炉钢水成分及温度进行造渣脱硫、调整温度及成分,离位进行VD抽真空处理,真空度要求不大于0.1 kPa。抽真空时间保证不低于13 min,抽真空结束后加入稀土合金,随后喂入适量的铁钙线,喂线结束后软吹15 min移钢到连铸台进行浇铸。为了保证圆管坯成分均匀性,同时破碎粗大的柱状晶,采用结晶器电磁搅拌及末端电磁搅拌技术在钢液凝固过程中进行电磁搅拌。对于规格不小于200 mm圆管坯,热切完成后堆垛缓冷,且避开风口。
将冷却后的圆管坯运送到热轧管生产线进行轧制,根据管长及倍尺对圆管坯进行锯切,锯切后圆管坯在环形加热炉中加热到1 250 ℃左右,并保温到圆管坯表面及心部温度均匀。采用菌式穿孔机穿孔成毛管,利用PQF/MPM连轧机组轧制成荒管,再通过定径制成轧态无缝管。为了保证无缝管晶粒度及组织均匀性,要求终轧温度控制在Ar3以上,轧制结束后在冷床冷却,采用排锯进行锯切,然后进行内外表面探伤及尺寸检测。合格的30MnCr25RE无缝管产品用吊车运输到热处理生产线进行调质热处理,各项技术指标合格的L80-1钢级套管进行端部螺纹加工,相应地还需要制造配套接箍,其生产流程与管体基本相同。
30MnCr25RE含稀土石油套管开发完成后,共为用户提供L80-1套管12 000余t,抽检了规格为Φ244.48 mm×11.99 mm的L80-1钢级套管50组,与原钢种30MnCr22调质的同规格L80-1钢级套管屈服强度、抗拉强度、延伸率、0 ℃低温冲击功抽检结果进行对比分析,具体见图1图4
图1可以看出,采用30MnCr25RE及30MnCr22生产的L80-1钢级套管,屈服强度均满足API Spec 5CT套管与油管技术规范要求。采用原钢种30MnCr22生产的L80-1钢级套管,最小屈服强度为558 MPa,最大屈服强度为649 MPa,屈服强度波动范围控制在91 MPa以内。采用新钢种30MnCr25RE生产的L80-1钢级套管,最小屈服强度为570 MPa,最大屈服强度为625 MPa,屈服强度波动范围控制在55 MPa以内。相比较原钢种,开发的新钢种屈服强度波动范围更窄,性能更加稳定。从图2可以看出,采用30MnCr25RE及30MnCr22生产的L80-1钢级套管,抗拉强度均满足不小于655 MPa技术规范要求。采用原钢种30MnCr22生产的L80-1钢级套管,最小抗拉强度658 MPa,贴近技术指标下限要求。采用新钢种30MnCr25RE生产的L80-1钢级套管,最小屈服强度672 MPa,且波动范围控制在45 MPa以内。从图3可以看出,采用30MnCr25RE及30MnCr22生产的L80-1钢级套管,延伸率均满足技术规范要求。相较于原钢种30MnCr22生产的L80-1钢级套管延伸率,采用新钢种30MnCr25RE生产的L80-1钢级套管延伸率提高了4个百分点左右。从图4可以看出,采用30MnCr25RE及30MnCr22生产的L80-1钢级套管0 ℃冲击功均满足API Spec 5CT套管与油管技术规范要求。近两年来,用户对L80-1钢级套管0 ℃冲击功提出了更加严苛的要求,即横向全尺寸冲击功不小于60 J,纵向冲击功不小于80 J,规格为Φ244.48 mm×11.99 mm的L80-1钢级套管需检测横向3/4尺寸0 ℃冲击功,冲击功要求不小于48 J。采用原钢种30MnCr22生产的L80-1钢级套管冲击功大部分检测值不能满足技术要求,而采用新钢种30MnCr25RE生产的L80-1钢级套管冲击功最小值为82 J,可满足用户技术要求。
开发的新钢种30MnCr25RE生产石油套管,相较于原钢种30MnCr22生产调质L80-1钢级套管,屈服强度及抗拉强度波动范围窄,性能更加稳定。新钢种生产调质的L80-1钢级套管,相较于原钢种生产调质L80-1钢级套管延伸率提高了4个百分点左右,0 ℃冲击功不仅满足API spec 5CT技术规范要求,同时满足用户严苛的技术要求。
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
李平全, 史交齐, 赵国仙, 等. 油套管的服役条件及产品研制开发现状[J]. 钢管, 2008, 37(4):6-11.
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APISpec 5CT 10th,套管和油管规范[S].
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吴承建, 陈国良, 强文江. 金属材料学[M]. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 2005.
2022年第48卷第1期
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  • 接收时间:2021-10-12
  • 首发时间:2025-11-24
  • 出版时间:2022-02-25
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  • 收稿日期:2021-10-12
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    内蒙古包钢钢管有限公司,内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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