Article(id=1198550350513926949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198550344985837722, articleNumber=1009-5438(2023)05-0042-04, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1691769600000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763686271550, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1698163200000, pubDateStr=2023-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763686271550, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763686271550, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763686271550, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198550344985837722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2023', volume='49', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763686270233, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764231160152, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200835779015602647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198550344985837722, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200835779015602648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198550344985837722, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=42, endPage=45, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198550350895608642, articleId=1198550350513926949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Analysis on Performance Fluctuation of Low Alloy High Strength Steel HC500LA, columnId=1187095652984042303, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Variety Quality and Experimental Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The main causes for strength fluctuation are determined to be abnormal microstructure and length differences of furnace area in the two continuous annealing production lines by analyzing the causes aiming at the problems of great strength fluctuation and low qualified rate for HC500LA steel with small batch trial production of Rare Earth Steel Plate Plant. The abnormal microstructure and strength fluctuation caused by incomplete recrystallization are reduced by optimizing the compositions. The design of differentiated annealing temperature and speed of steel strip for the two continuous annealing production lines is carried out so that the strength fluctuation of steel strip is significantly improved and qualification rate of performances is increased from 87.8% to 98.2%.

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针对稀土钢板材厂小批量试制的HC500LA钢强度波动大、合格率低的现象,进行了原因分析,确定了组织异常和两条连退线的炉区长度差异是造成强度波动的主要原因。通过优化成分,减少了再结晶不完全造成的显微组织异常和强度波动。对两条连退产线进行了差异化的退火温度和钢带速度设计,钢带的强度波动现象明显改善,性能合格率从87.8%提高到98.2%。

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张秀飞(1977-),男,山东省临沂市人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事板带材产品研发工作。

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张秀飞(1977-),男,山东省临沂市人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事板带材产品研发工作。

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张秀飞(1977-),男,山东省临沂市人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事板带材产品研发工作。

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C Si Mn P S Alt Ti+Nb+V
≤0.10 ≤0.60 ≤1.80 ≤0.025 ≤0.025 ≥0.015 ≤0.22
), ArticleFig(id=1198570136069305027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1198550350513926949, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

HC500LA化学成分要求(质量分数)%

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
C Si Mn P S Alt Ti+Nb+V
≤0.10 ≤0.60 ≤1.80 ≤0.025 ≤0.025 ≥0.015 ≤0.22
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牌号 屈服强度
Rp0.2/MPa
抗拉强度
Rm/MPa
断后延伸率
A80/%
HC500LA 500~620 550~710 ≥13
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HC500LA力学性能

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牌号 屈服强度
Rp0.2/MPa
抗拉强度
Rm/MPa
断后延伸率
A80/%
HC500LA 500~620 550~710 ≥13
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连退
产线
退火温度
/℃
屈服强度
/MPa
抗拉强度
/MPa
伸长率
/%
2#线 791 593 675 13
791 588 672 14
1#线 797 537 624 16.5
799 557 649 16.5
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1.5 mm HC500LA连退工艺及力学性能

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连退
产线
退火温度
/℃
屈服强度
/MPa
抗拉强度
/MPa
伸长率
/%
2#线 791 593 675 13
791 588 672 14
1#线 797 537 624 16.5
799 557 649 16.5
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低合金高强钢HC500LA性能波动分析
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张秀飞 , 张奇 , 路璐 , 宋冉臣
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2023,49(5): 42-45
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2023, 49(5): 42-45
低合金高强钢HC500LA性能波动分析
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张秀飞, 张奇, 路璐, 宋冉臣
作者信息
  • 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 张秀飞(1977-),男,山东省临沂市人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事板带材产品研发工作。

Analysis on Performance Fluctuation of Low Alloy High Strength Steel HC500LA
Xiu-fei Zhang, Qi Zhang, Lu Lu, Ran-chen Song
Affiliations
  • Technical Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2023-10-25
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针对稀土钢板材厂小批量试制的HC500LA钢强度波动大、合格率低的现象,进行了原因分析,确定了组织异常和两条连退线的炉区长度差异是造成强度波动的主要原因。通过优化成分,减少了再结晶不完全造成的显微组织异常和强度波动。对两条连退产线进行了差异化的退火温度和钢带速度设计,钢带的强度波动现象明显改善,性能合格率从87.8%提高到98.2%。

HC500LA  /  组织异常  /  性能波动

The main causes for strength fluctuation are determined to be abnormal microstructure and length differences of furnace area in the two continuous annealing production lines by analyzing the causes aiming at the problems of great strength fluctuation and low qualified rate for HC500LA steel with small batch trial production of Rare Earth Steel Plate Plant. The abnormal microstructure and strength fluctuation caused by incomplete recrystallization are reduced by optimizing the compositions. The design of differentiated annealing temperature and speed of steel strip for the two continuous annealing production lines is carried out so that the strength fluctuation of steel strip is significantly improved and qualification rate of performances is increased from 87.8% to 98.2%.

HC500LA  /  abnormal microstructure  /  performance fluctuation
张秀飞, 张奇, 路璐, 宋冉臣. 低合金高强钢HC500LA性能波动分析. 包钢科技, 2023 , 49 (5) : 42 -45 .
Xiu-fei Zhang, Qi Zhang, Lu Lu, Ran-chen Song. Analysis on Performance Fluctuation of Low Alloy High Strength Steel HC500LA[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2023 , 49 (5) : 42 -45 .
冷轧低合金高强钢HC260LA~HC550LA主要应用在汽车行业,随着汽车轻量化的发展,高强钢的开发日益受到重视,其产量逐年攀升。该品种系列添加少量的铌、钒、钛等合金,综合应用固溶、析出、细晶等多种复合强化手段,实现了高强度[1]。随着合金元素的增加和强度的升高,产品强度波动范围增大,屈服强度420 MPa级别以上产品波动更为明显。该系列产品性能要求严格,屈服强度和抗拉强度均有范围要求,严格的指标要求和性能波动产生矛盾,容易发生产品性能不合格现象,影响交货和用户使用。针对该现象,技术人员分析了影响HC500LA产品(简称HC500LA)性能波动的主要因素,制定了相应改进措施,并开展试验验证,提高了产品性能稳定性和合格率,同时降低合金成本,提高产品综合盈利能力。
包钢供货的HC500LA执行企标Q/BG 822的技术指标要求,标准规定产品可添加的化学元素有碳、硅、锰、铌、钒、钛等元素,具体见表1,力学性能要求见表2
随着低合金高强钢HC500LA的订单量逐渐增长,生产规格的扩展,屈服强度与抗拉强度波动大、稳定性差等问题也逐渐显现,供货初期一次检验性能合格率为87.8%,影响交货期和用户满意度。不合格现象主要表现为屈服强度存在超出上限或下限现象,分布见图1。为形成该产品的稳定供货能力,技术人员需分析导致强度波动大的原因,开展质量攻关。
冷轧低合金高强钢HC500LA在包钢稀土钢板材厂生产,主要工艺流程包括炼钢、连铸、热轧、酸轧、连退等。就小批量试制期间HC500LA强度波动大的问题进行了分析,主要发现下列问题。
相同退火工艺下,采用厚度1.5 mm同成分HC500LA冷硬卷在连退1#线和连退2#线开展试制,力学性能见表3。2#线生产HC500LA的屈服强度比1#线高约40 MPa。经过酸轧冷变形后的冷硬钢带主要采用再结晶退火,通过再结晶退火可以消除钢带冷变形后的加工硬化,发生了回复、再结晶、晶粒长大三个过程。在不同的温度退火后,强度和硬度会降低,内部组织中位错密度和空位浓度会降低,在冷变形时被拉长的晶粒重新长为等轴状[2]。经分析,强度有差异的主要原因是两条连退线的长度不同,1#线长度为2 406 m,产品设计以宽幅、软钢为主,2#线长度为2 075 m,产品设计以窄幅、高强钢为主,产品在炉内的温度曲线见图2。HC500LA属于高强钢,订单规格包含不同宽度,因组产需要,在两条连退线均有生产,如采用相同的退火工艺,因钢带在连退1#线的加热时间高于连退2#线,晶粒相对长大,细晶强化效果弱化,会导致连退1#线生产的HC500LA的强度低于连退2#线。为消除同一产品在两条产线的强度差异,在保证正常生产节奏的前提下,两条连退线的退火工艺进行差异化设计,即在连退1#线设定较低的退火温度,补偿因炉区长导致的加热时间长、晶粒长大、细晶强化效果弱化的问题。
晶粒的尺寸和均匀性是影响强度的重要因素,对于低合金高强钢,期望得到细小的等轴状晶粒,有利于钢带的强度及塑性稳定。观察HC500LA的显微组织(图3),发现屈服强度异常(645 MPa)高的钢卷存在部分片层状或长条状的晶粒,晶粒形貌异常。屈服强度正常(560 MPa)的钢卷晶粒呈等轴状。低合金高强钢系列产品中,屈服强度不大于380 MPa低级别产品未发现明显的强度波动和组织异常。随着低合金高强钢强度级别的升高,碳含量没有明显变化,主要强化元素锰、铌、钛等元素的含量增加。鉴于钛的碳化物TiC属于晶内析出物,理论上对晶粒的长大影响不大,初步分析可能是锰、铌元素含量高导致了冷硬组织再结晶相对困难[3],出现长条状的异常组织。为改善异常组织,计划对成分进行优化调整,即降低锰、铌元素的含量,提高钛元素的含量补偿强度损失。
标准规定HC500LA的屈服强度为500~620 MPa,中值为560 MPa,抗拉强度为550~700 MPa,中值为625 MPa,最佳的屈强比应该为0.90。经统计,小批量试制期间HC500LA的屈强比为0.86,屈强比偏低现象会导致在屈服强度合格的情况下,抗拉强度可能超出上限,减少了强度可控范围,容易导致性能不合格。因此需要微调HC500LA屈强比,提高至接近0.90。根据开发前期钢种开发的经验,通过细化晶粒和TiC析出强化可提高屈强比,添加碳、锰元素会降低屈强比。提高HC500LA屈强比,可选择降低锰元素的含量,提高钛元素的含量。
根据HC500LA强度波动原因的分析结果,主要优化了成分,并制定了两条连退线的差异化退火工艺,具体如下。
(1)成分优化。优化HC500LA成分的主要目的,一是降低对冷硬组织再结晶不利元素的含量,避免出现片层状或条带状组织,改善成品组织的均匀性;二是在现有产品性能的基础上提高产品屈强比。在原设计成分的基础上,经过多次试验,进行了如下调整:锰含量降低0.30个百分点,铌含量降低0.03个百分点,钛含量增加0.04个百分点。优化成分的同时降低合金成本超过100元/t。
(2)两条连退线差异化退火工艺。因两条连退线炉区长度不同,相同退火温度下,连退1#线生产的HC500LA强度明显低于连退2#线。市场订单规格范围宽窄不一,在一条线集中排产会产生大量的过渡材,增加生产成本。为使两条连退线生产的HC500LA性能趋于一致,减少强度波动引起的性能不合格现象,制定了差异化的退火工艺。经过调试,不同厚度规格HC500LA钢带在连退1#线和连退2#线的退火温度、速度见图4,连退1#线退火温度比连退2#线低15~20 ℃,钢带速度的制定依据两条产线的正常节奏,退线1#线的钢带运行速度高约15 m/min。
通过应用上述措施,HC500LA显微组织得到改善,未发现再结晶状态不好的片层状或长条状的晶粒。两条连退线生产的HC500LA强度趋于一致,屈强比从0.86提高到0.89,接近标准指标要求的最佳屈强比,性能合格率从87.8%提高到98.2%。工艺优化后批量生产的HC500LA性能分布见图5
经分析,低合金高强钢HC500LA试制初期存在强度波动较大现象,与不同连退线的炉区长度差异、退火组织均匀性不好、屈强比控制不佳等因素有关。为提高强度的稳定性,可根据两条连退线炉区长度不同,制定差异化的退火工艺。合金含量对强度稳定性也有一定的影响,降低锰和铌含量,增加钛含量,可改善退火组织及性能的稳定性。
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  • 接收时间:2023-08-12
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-12
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    内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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