Article(id=1198550349201109742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198550344985837722, articleNumber=1009-5438(2023)05-0037-05, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1691769600000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763686271238, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1698163200000, pubDateStr=2023-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763686271238, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763686271238, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763686271238, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198550344985837722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2023', volume='49', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763686270233, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764231160152, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200835779015602647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198550344985837722, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200835779015602648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198550344985837722, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=37, endPage=41, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198550349708620539, articleId=1198550349201109742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Development of High Corrosion-resistant Products with Zn-Al-Mg Coating for Photovoltaic Applications, columnId=1187095652984042303, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Variety Quality and Experimental Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The development and trial production of high corrosion-resistant products with Zn-Al-Mg coating for photovoltaic applications are carried out after transform Zn-Al-Mg production line of Baotou Steel. The microstructure of coating for Zn-Al-Mg products is analyzed, neutral salt spray test and surface defects of the products with Zn-Al-Mg coating are analyzed, controlled and studied. The analysis results showed that the microstructure of the coating was composed of Zn-rich phase, ternary eutectic phase of Zn/MgZn2/Al and binary eutectic phase of Zn/MgZn2 as well as the elements of Al and Mg were with uniform distribution in the coating; the neutral salt spray test results showed that the products with Zn-Al-Mg coating manufactured by Baotou Steel were with good corrosion resistance, processability, formability and self-healing ability of notch. The trial production results showed that the process control of Zn-Al-Mg production line of Baotou Steel was stable, stable batch productions of products with Zn-Al-Mg coating were realized, qualified rate of products reached 95.33% and yield reached 97.84% so that all performances could meet the technical requirements.

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包钢锌铝镁产线改造后,对光伏用高耐蚀锌铝镁镀层产品进行了开发和试制。开展了锌铝镁产品镀层的组织结构分析、锌铝镁镀层产品的中性盐雾试验以及镀层表面缺陷分析和控制研究。分析结果表明包钢锌铝镁镀层产品其镀层组织是由富Zn相、Zn/MgZn2/Al三元共晶相和Zn/MgZn2二元共晶相构成,Al、Mg元素在镀层中均匀分布;中性盐雾试验表明包钢生产的锌铝镁镀层产品具有良好的耐腐蚀性能、加工成形性能以及切口自愈能力。试制结果表明包钢锌铝镁产线工艺控制稳定,锌铝镁镀层产品实现了稳定批量生产,产品的合格率达到95.33%,成材率达到了97.84%,各项性能均满足技术条件要求。

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李智丽(1971-),女,辽宁省盘锦市人,硕士,正高级工程师,现从事金属材料热处理及物理检测工作。

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李智丽(1971-),女,辽宁省盘锦市人,硕士,正高级工程师,现从事金属材料热处理及物理检测工作。

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李智丽(1971-),女,辽宁省盘锦市人,硕士,正高级工程师,现从事金属材料热处理及物理检测工作。

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项目 参数
产品规格 厚度:0.3~2.5 mm;宽度:830~1 880 mm
表面处理方式 涂油、钝化、耐指纹
镀层重量 60~450 g/m2(双面)
机组产量 40万t/年
产品种类 CQ、DQ、S220GD~S550GD、
SGC340~SGC570、HC260LAD~HC500LAD
), ArticleFig(id=1198570143379980837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1198550349201109742, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

包钢开发的锌铝镁镀层产品信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 参数
产品规格 厚度:0.3~2.5 mm;宽度:830~1 880 mm
表面处理方式 涂油、钝化、耐指纹
镀层重量 60~450 g/m2(双面)
机组产量 40万t/年
产品种类 CQ、DQ、S220GD~S550GD、
SGC340~SGC570、HC260LAD~HC500LAD
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光伏用高耐蚀锌铝镁镀层产品开发
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李智丽 1 , 罗新龙 2 , 杨小明 2 , 岳祎楠 1 , 惠鑫 1 , 靳燕 1
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2023,49(5): 37-41
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2023, 49(5): 37-41
光伏用高耐蚀锌铝镁镀层产品开发
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李智丽1, 罗新龙2, 杨小明2, 岳祎楠1, 惠鑫1, 靳燕1
作者信息
  • 1 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 2 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司稀土钢冷轧板材厂,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 李智丽(1971-),女,辽宁省盘锦市人,硕士,正高级工程师,现从事金属材料热处理及物理检测工作。

Development of High Corrosion-resistant Products with Zn-Al-Mg Coating for Photovoltaic Applications
Zhi-li Li1, Xin-long Luo2, Xiao-ming Yang2, Yi-nan Yue1, Xin Hui1, Yan Jin1
Affiliations
  • 1 Technical Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 2 Rare Earth Steel Cold Rolled Plate Plant of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2023-10-25
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包钢锌铝镁产线改造后,对光伏用高耐蚀锌铝镁镀层产品进行了开发和试制。开展了锌铝镁产品镀层的组织结构分析、锌铝镁镀层产品的中性盐雾试验以及镀层表面缺陷分析和控制研究。分析结果表明包钢锌铝镁镀层产品其镀层组织是由富Zn相、Zn/MgZn2/Al三元共晶相和Zn/MgZn2二元共晶相构成,Al、Mg元素在镀层中均匀分布;中性盐雾试验表明包钢生产的锌铝镁镀层产品具有良好的耐腐蚀性能、加工成形性能以及切口自愈能力。试制结果表明包钢锌铝镁产线工艺控制稳定,锌铝镁镀层产品实现了稳定批量生产,产品的合格率达到95.33%,成材率达到了97.84%,各项性能均满足技术条件要求。

光伏  /  锌铝镁镀层  /  耐蚀性

The development and trial production of high corrosion-resistant products with Zn-Al-Mg coating for photovoltaic applications are carried out after transform Zn-Al-Mg production line of Baotou Steel. The microstructure of coating for Zn-Al-Mg products is analyzed, neutral salt spray test and surface defects of the products with Zn-Al-Mg coating are analyzed, controlled and studied. The analysis results showed that the microstructure of the coating was composed of Zn-rich phase, ternary eutectic phase of Zn/MgZn2/Al and binary eutectic phase of Zn/MgZn2 as well as the elements of Al and Mg were with uniform distribution in the coating; the neutral salt spray test results showed that the products with Zn-Al-Mg coating manufactured by Baotou Steel were with good corrosion resistance, processability, formability and self-healing ability of notch. The trial production results showed that the process control of Zn-Al-Mg production line of Baotou Steel was stable, stable batch productions of products with Zn-Al-Mg coating were realized, qualified rate of products reached 95.33% and yield reached 97.84% so that all performances could meet the technical requirements.

photovoltaic  /  Zn-Al-Mg coating  /  corrosion resistance
李智丽, 罗新龙, 杨小明, 岳祎楠, 惠鑫, 靳燕. 光伏用高耐蚀锌铝镁镀层产品开发. 包钢科技, 2023 , 49 (5) : 37 -41 .
Zhi-li Li, Xin-long Luo, Xiao-ming Yang, Yi-nan Yue, Xin Hui, Yan Jin. Development of High Corrosion-resistant Products with Zn-Al-Mg Coating for Photovoltaic Applications[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2023 , 49 (5) : 37 -41 .
随着钢铁材料及涂镀技术的发展,人们对镀层钢材耐蚀性提出了更高要求,传统的纯锌镀层钢材已经不能满足应用要求,同时由于我国锌资源的短缺,也促进了可替代纯镀锌防腐技术的研发[1]。研究表明锌铝镁镀层钢板具有超强的抗腐蚀性、耐磨性、良好的涂装性和焊接加工性能,可适应各种恶劣环境,是一种新型的环保节能型钢板,其切口及打孔位置具有自愈功能,无需后处理,这一特殊性能克服了传统镀锌板的先天缺陷,综合性价比高,可应用于光能光伏产业、装备制造业、家电制造、高铁、大型变电站及汽车制造等多种领域[2]
光伏发电作为一种绿色能源供给方式,近年来发展迅猛,内蒙古由于具有得天独厚的地理条件成为光伏发电的重要区域。为此,包钢于2022年底完成了锌铝镁产线改造,产品定位于光伏支架、建筑以及畜牧用途的中铝系锌铝镁镀层产品。经过近一年的产线调试和产品开发,目前已经具备批量稳定生产锌铝镁镀层产品的能力。
包钢瞄准光伏、建筑、畜牧、家电、汽车钢市场,产品定位于中铝系锌铝镁镀层产品,已开发的锌铝镁镀层产品覆盖了CQ、DQ、S220GD~S550GD、SGC340~SGC570,镀层重量为60~450 g/m2(双面),厚度范围在0.3~2.5 mm,宽度范围在830~1 880 mm,具备光伏支架用钢全系列产品供货能力,详见表1。对锌铝镁镀层产品的镀层成分、镀层重量、镀层粘附性以及镀层产品的力学性能等进行检测分析,均满足BGZJ 566—2022《连续热浸镀锌铝镁合金镀层冷轧钢板及钢带》暂行技术条件要求。
中铝系锌铝镁镀层的组织是由富Zn相、Zn/MgZn2/Al三元共晶相和Zn/MgZn2二元共晶相构成[3]图1所示为包钢生产的镀层重量为275 g/m2的S450GD+ZAM锌铝镁镀层产品的横截面组织结构,是由富Zn相、Zn/MgZn2/Al三元共晶相和Zn/MgZn2二元共晶相构成,可见各相在镀层中均匀分布,图中的白色单相为富Zn相,由小颗粒组成的深灰色椭圆形部位为Zn/MgZn2/Al三元共晶相,镀层基底是由浅灰色的片层状和颗粒状的Zn/MgZn2二元共晶相构成。对锌铝镁镀层样品进行了扫描电镜(SEM)元素面分布分析,见图2。从元素面分布图可见,Al元素均匀分布在镀层中的三元共晶相中,Mg元素均匀分布在二元共晶相中,两种元素在镀层的整个截面中均匀分布。
在锌铝镁镀层产品试制过程中,出现的表面缺陷主要为黑点缺陷和锌疤缺陷,见图3。对这两类主要缺陷进行了观察分析及对应的工艺控制改进。
对锌铝镁镀层产品表面黑点缺陷特征进行了总结。黑点缺陷部位无明显的触感,黑点形状近似圆形,大多数黑点直径为2 mm左右,部分3~5 mm;黑点缺陷在放置一段时间后颜色会加深,变的更加明显。当带钢的厚度和炉区速度变化时易出现黑点缺陷。对黑点成因的研究认为,黑点的产生是由于在冷却凝固过程中锌铝镁镀层的局部区域出现了大面积的共晶组织,这种共晶组织在仓储时更易于氧化,造成光线的散射导致视觉上的黑点现象[4]。经扫描电镜对黑点部位进行观察分析,在多数黑点位置存在氧化铝、氧化硅、氧化钙等为主的异物颗粒,见图4。这种杂质的异质形核作用导致黑点缺陷位置的Zn/MgZn2相比例明显高于镀层的正常部位,见图5。由于Zn/MgZn2相中的Mg易于氧化,因此黑点部位的氧化速度要快于正常部位。针对分析结果制定了工艺改进方向,定期清理风机过滤网,对风机管道进行清理、除锈,调整沙尘天气的生产,并根据产品的品种规格制定镀后冷却制度。
生产前更换冷却塔上行段风机过滤网,保证冷却空气干净;另一方面通过摸索不同规格带钢在对应速度下的冷却温度,调整镀后冷却风机功率,对黑点缺陷进行控制,黑点缺陷有了明显改善。
锌铝镁镀层产品表面的锌疤缺陷具有以下特点,形状为椭圆或者长条状,严重时有轻微手感;边界部位有放射状斜纹,斜纹包围的区域有大量的点状缺陷;分布无明显规律,上下表面均存在,时轻时重;主要出现在高强结构钢中,普钢中出现的频率较低。利用扫描电镜对锌疤缺陷进行了检测分析,见图6,锌疤缺陷位置的镀层形成不完整,其内部的点状缺陷周围镀层较薄,能谱图上的铁峰较高,表明已经露出了铁基,存在漏镀现象。观察到在锌疤的流纹部位有颗粒物聚集,能谱检测含有C、Mg、Al、Si、Zn、Ca、S等元素,见图7
结合现场试制情况,认为锌铝镁镀层产品锌疤与带钢浸润性差以及锌液在炉鼻子内氧化粘连带钢有关,为此确定了工艺调整措施,加强退火炉气密性,调整炉鼻子加湿量,严格控制锌液温度。通过上述工艺措施的调整,锌疤缺陷得到了较好的控制。
经过不断完善工艺控制,锌铝镁镀层产品实现了稳定批量生产,产品的合格率达到95.33%,成材率达到了97.84%。
试制的锌铝镁镀层产品按照GB/T 10125—2012进行中性盐雾试验。试验参数如下:沉降盐液浓度为50±5 g/L的NaCl溶液,试验箱温度为35±2 ℃,盐雾沉降率为1.5±0.5 mL/h(80 cm2水平面积),沉降盐液pH值为6.5~7.2。分别制备了锌铝镁镀层产品的平面、划叉、杯凸、弯折、切口、冲孔试验样品以及由包钢锌铝镁镀层产品制成的光伏支架样品,观察锌铝镁镀层样品出现红锈的时间。不同锌铝镁镀层样品经6 000 h的中性盐雾试验,结果见图8。锌铝镁镀层平面样品、划叉样品、杯凸样品、180°弯折样品均未见红锈;板厚2.5 mm的锌铝镁镀层样品经2 500 h中性盐雾腐蚀后的切口和冲孔部位局部可见红锈,继续腐蚀至6 000 h后红锈范围没有扩大,原来的红锈部位变为黑色锈迹,见图8(e)(f),光伏支架样品表面冲孔和折弯部位和切口部位均未观察到红锈,见图8(g)(h)。中性盐雾腐蚀试验结果表明包钢生产的锌铝镁镀层产品具有良好的耐腐蚀性能、加工成形性能以及切口自愈能力。
(1)包钢锌铝镁产线改造后,工艺控制稳定,锌铝镁镀层产品实现了稳定批量生产,产品的合格率达到95.33%,成材率达到了97.84%,各项性能均满足BGZJ 566—2022《连续热浸镀锌铝镁合金镀层冷轧钢板及钢带》暂行技术条件要求。
(2)包钢开发的锌铝镁镀层产品其镀层组织是由富Zn相、Zn/MgZn2/Al三元共晶相和Zn/MgZn2二元共晶相构成,Al、Mg元素在镀层中均匀分布。
(3)中性盐雾试验结果表明包钢生产的锌铝镁镀层产品具有良好的耐腐蚀性能、加工成形性能以及切口自愈能力。
参考文献 引证文献
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张鹏, 梅淑文, 张启富. 锌铝镁钢板表面黑点缺陷原因分析与控制[J]. 中国冶金, 2022, 32(8):117-123.
2023年第49卷第5期
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  • 接收时间:2023-08-12
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2023-10-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-12
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    1 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
    2 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司稀土钢冷轧板材厂,内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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