Article(id=1198277733110350037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198277724201644449, articleNumber=1009-5438(2023)03-0045-04, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1667404800000, receivedDateStr=2022-11-03, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763621274497, onlineDateStr=2025-11-20, pubDate=1687622400000, pubDateStr=2023-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763621274497, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763621274497, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763621274497, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198277724201644449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2023', volume='49', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763621272373, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763621583776, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198279030370829084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198277724201644449, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198279030370829085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198277724201644449, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=45, endPage=48, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198277733362008278, articleId=1198277733110350037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Study on Resistance to Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) for X52MS with Thick Gauge, columnId=1198265195702354688, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Varieties and Quality and Experimental Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The hot-rolled coil with X52MS pipeline steel for acid service by industrial production is chosen as the research object as well as its material performances are analyzed from microstructure and chemical components. Its resistance to hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) behavior in H2S solution is mainly studied, the effects of microstructure and microregion components on the resistance to HIC are investigated by HIC test as well as the main causes for crack generation are analyzed so that its regularities are found out. It is summarized that banded structure is the main cause for failure of resistance to HIC for this material, carbon segregation and central aggregation of inclusion of carbohydrates and nitrogenous compounds would worsen the effects of banded structure on the HIC performance; the thought of low carbon component design is the premise of designing pipeline steel for acid service as well as reasonable control of nitrogen content is also one of the considerations in production of pipeline steel for acid service.

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选用工业生产的酸性服役X52MS管线钢热轧卷板为研究对象,从微观组织和化学成分分析材料性能。主要研究其在硫化氢(H2S)溶液中抗氢致开裂(HIC)行为,用氢致开裂试验考察了微观组织及微区成分对抗HIC性能的影响,分析了裂纹产生的主要原因,找出裂纹产生的规律。总结出带状组织是导致该材料抗HIC性能失效的主要原因,碳偏析和碳氮化合物夹杂中心聚集会加重带状组织对HIC性能的影响;低碳成分设计思路是酸性服役管线钢设计的前提,同时,合理控制氮含量也是酸性服役管线钢生产时考虑因素之一。

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曹 妍(1984-),女,辽宁省海城市人,高级工程师,现从事产品技术研发工作。

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曹 妍(1984-),女,辽宁省海城市人,高级工程师,现从事产品技术研发工作。

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曹 妍(1984-),女,辽宁省海城市人,高级工程师,现从事产品技术研发工作。

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实施例 C Si Mn P S Nb V Ti Cr Mo N
实施例1 ≤0.10 ≤0.20 ≤1.20 ≤0.014 ≤0.002 0 ≤0.03 ≤0.01 ≤0.020 ≤0.15 ≤0.10 ≤0.006 0
实施例2 ≤0.06 ≤0.20 ≤1.20 ≤0.013 ≤0.001 5 ≤0.03 ≤0.01 ≤0.015 ≤0.15 ≤0.10 ≤0.004 0
), ArticleFig(id=1198292492702544015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1198277733110350037, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

材料化学成分(质量分数)%

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实施例 C Si Mn P S Nb V Ti Cr Mo N
实施例1 ≤0.10 ≤0.20 ≤1.20 ≤0.014 ≤0.002 0 ≤0.03 ≤0.01 ≤0.020 ≤0.15 ≤0.10 ≤0.006 0
实施例2 ≤0.06 ≤0.20 ≤1.20 ≤0.013 ≤0.001 5 ≤0.03 ≤0.01 ≤0.015 ≤0.15 ≤0.10 ≤0.004 0
), ArticleFig(id=1198292492790624400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1198277733110350037, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
实施例 位置
(试样个数)
最大平均比率/%
CLR CTR CSR
实施例1 1/2处
(3个)
9.63 0.71 0.20
0 0 0
13.61 0.71 0.29
1/4处
(3个)
28.88 1.53 0.75
29.88 1.88 0.85
0 0 0
实施例2 1/2处
(3个)
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
1/4处
(3个)
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
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X52MS氢致开裂(HIC)测试结果

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实施例 位置
(试样个数)
最大平均比率/%
CLR CTR CSR
实施例1 1/2处
(3个)
9.63 0.71 0.20
0 0 0
13.61 0.71 0.29
1/4处
(3个)
28.88 1.53 0.75
29.88 1.88 0.85
0 0 0
实施例2 1/2处
(3个)
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
1/4处
(3个)
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
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厚规格X52MS抗HIC性能的研究
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曹妍 , 张琢晶 , 张文录
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2023,49(3): 45-48
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2023, 49(3): 45-48
厚规格X52MS抗HIC性能的研究
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曹妍, 张琢晶, 张文录
作者信息
  • 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司稀土钢板材厂,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 曹 妍(1984-),女,辽宁省海城市人,高级工程师,现从事产品技术研发工作。

Study on Resistance to Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) for X52MS with Thick Gauge
Yan Cao, Zhuo-jing Zhang, Wen-lu Zhang
Affiliations
  • Rare Earth Steel Plate Plant of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2023-06-25
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选用工业生产的酸性服役X52MS管线钢热轧卷板为研究对象,从微观组织和化学成分分析材料性能。主要研究其在硫化氢(H2S)溶液中抗氢致开裂(HIC)行为,用氢致开裂试验考察了微观组织及微区成分对抗HIC性能的影响,分析了裂纹产生的主要原因,找出裂纹产生的规律。总结出带状组织是导致该材料抗HIC性能失效的主要原因,碳偏析和碳氮化合物夹杂中心聚集会加重带状组织对HIC性能的影响;低碳成分设计思路是酸性服役管线钢设计的前提,同时,合理控制氮含量也是酸性服役管线钢生产时考虑因素之一。

氢致裂纹  /  管线钢  /  带状组织  /  显微组织

The hot-rolled coil with X52MS pipeline steel for acid service by industrial production is chosen as the research object as well as its material performances are analyzed from microstructure and chemical components. Its resistance to hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) behavior in H2S solution is mainly studied, the effects of microstructure and microregion components on the resistance to HIC are investigated by HIC test as well as the main causes for crack generation are analyzed so that its regularities are found out. It is summarized that banded structure is the main cause for failure of resistance to HIC for this material, carbon segregation and central aggregation of inclusion of carbohydrates and nitrogenous compounds would worsen the effects of banded structure on the HIC performance; the thought of low carbon component design is the premise of designing pipeline steel for acid service as well as reasonable control of nitrogen content is also one of the considerations in production of pipeline steel for acid service.

hydrogen induced crack  /  pipeline steel  /  banded structure  /  microstructure
曹妍, 张琢晶, 张文录. 厚规格X52MS抗HIC性能的研究. 包钢科技, 2023 , 49 (3) : 45 -48 .
Yan Cao, Zhuo-jing Zhang, Wen-lu Zhang. Study on Resistance to Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) for X52MS with Thick Gauge[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2023 , 49 (3) : 45 -48 .
厚规格酸性服役管线钢属于高附加值产品,生产极具挑战性,它代表了一个国家管线钢生产的最高水平,其主要用于含高硫地质环境和富含酸性介质的石油天然气输送管道建设。随着国内外管道事业的高速发展,全球易开采资源逐年减少(天然气资源多富含H2S/CO2腐蚀介质),管线钢的技术要求越来越严苛,特别是要具有良好的抗氢致开裂(HIC)性能。因此,管线钢抗氢致开裂(HIC)性能影响因素及影响规律方面的研究对酸性服役环境下石油管道工业的发展具有很重要的意义[1]
厚规格X52MS先后进行了两次工业试制,试验材料为两种不同化学成分的X52MS热轧板卷,第一次试制为实施例1,第二次试制为实施例2,轧制厚度均为15.5 mm,两次试验批次材料化学成分见表1
本文研究的酸性服役管线钢属于低碳微合金钢。HIC易起源于带状组织,过高的C含量会促进珠光体带状组织形成,所以采用低碳成分是设计基础,然而C含量过低势必会弱化产品强度指标,增加合金成本,因此两次试验材料选用了不同C含量。钢中含S较高时,易产生长条状MnS夹杂物[2],会极大地危害钢材抗HIC性能指标;P、Mn极易富集在板坯中心,产生中心偏析带;考虑S、P、Mn元素对钢材抗HIC性能的危害性,两次试验材料均采用超低硫、磷控制,Mn含量均控制在1.2%以下。
酸性服役管线钢相比普通管线钢最大的区别就是具有较强的抗H2S腐蚀能力,主要是通过氢致开裂(Hydrogen Induced Cracking,简称HIC)试验进行评估。依据NACE TM 0284《管线钢和压力容器抗氢致开裂评定方法》[3],在钢带宽度1/2和1/4处位置,各取一组三个纵向试样(纵向轴平行于轧制方向),试样厚度为卷板的实际厚度,均为15.5 mm。试样经酸性A溶液浸泡96 h,使用机械切割方法制取测试试样(每一个试样截取三个截面),测试试样截面经磨制抛光后在4%硝酸酒精溶液中腐蚀,在光学显微镜下放大100倍进行组织观察。测量因氢压引起的开裂损坏,每个试样的三个截面的最大允许平均比率即裂纹敏感率(CSR)、裂纹长度率(CLR)、裂纹厚度率(CTR)均应符合如下验收极限:裂纹长度率CLR≤15%、裂纹厚度率CTR≤5%、裂纹敏感率CSR≤1.5%[4]
观察结果详见表2,实施例1的一组三个试样出现裂纹,其中板宽1/4位置一组三个试样中有两个试样存在裂纹且平均裂纹长度率(CLR)不符合测试标准要求;实施例2的一组三个试样不论是在板宽1/2位置还是在板宽1/4位置,都未发现氢致裂纹,表现出很好的抗氢致开裂(HIC)性能。
图1为实施例1的氢致开裂试验测试样(位于板宽1/4处且厚度方向中心位置)的金相组织图。放大到100倍看,虽然晶粒细小,但厚度中心位置有明显带状组织;放大到500倍看,组织为多边形铁素体+珠光体,厚度中心珠光体粗大且呈带状分布,裂纹沿带状组织延伸并扩展。
图2为实施例2氢致开裂试验测试样(位于板宽1/4处且厚度方向中心位置)的金相组织图。放大到100倍看,晶粒细小且均匀,中心没有明显带状组织;放大500倍看,其组织为多边形铁素体、少量退化珠光体[5]和少量贝氏体,是典型的控轧控冷(TMCP)组织。比照图1,图2珠光体团更为细化且分散均匀,可以分摊局部氢压的晶界多,不容易引起氢致裂纹[6]
通过实施例1(图1)氢致开裂试验测试样金相组织观察,氢致裂纹沿带状组织扩展,裂纹走向与粗大的珠光体带状组织几乎重合,说明钢中的珠光体带状组织对HIC十分敏感。这是由于在氢渗透过程中,氢原子被偏析带捕获产生局部氢压,达到临界值以后,氢致裂纹便在偏析带上起源。一旦裂纹形核,裂尖的塑性区就有滑移带产生,滑移带与珠光体交界处又有大量位错产生,并伴以高浓度氢气团继续腐蚀和扩展[7]。带状组织可以通过冶炼工序加以控制,实施例2(图2)在化学成分中C含量降低至0.06%以下,金相组织和HIC测试结果均验证了不大于0.06%的C含量可以有效抑制珠光体带状组织,进而提高钢材的抗氢致开裂性能。
针对实施例1中有裂纹的试样进行扫描电镜(SEM)测试。考察裂纹处的带状组织及成分特征,如图3所示,沿组织偏析带上多伴有大小5~20 μm的不规则带棱角多边形颗粒夹杂,对其进行EDS分析,化学组成主要为钛的碳氮化物。
脆性氮化物夹杂,是极易捕捉氢的陷阱,成为氢致裂纹源,一旦裂纹形核,裂尖的塑性区就有滑移带产生,滑移带与珠光体交界处有大量位错产生,并伴以高浓度氢气团继续腐蚀和扩展。图3中由于Ti和N有极强的亲和力,TiN颗粒不能阻止奥氏体晶粒生长,也不能沉淀强化,反而会聚集在厚度中心位置成为夹杂物,增加氢致裂纹的风险[8]。TiN夹杂物数量和大小可以通过冶炼环节加以控制,因为钢水中氮含量越低,液态析出的TiN越少且细小。实施例2(图2)在化学成分中N含量降低至0.004 0%以下后,轻微偏析带上未发现明显TiN夹杂物,HIC测试结果验证了其有效性。
(1)带状组织是导致该材料抗HIC性能失效的主要原因之一。其裂纹产生的机理是氢原子在珠光体偏析带上聚集,结合成氢分子,并与此处高密度的位错发生交互作用,促进了氢致裂纹在珠光体带上的萌生和扩展。
(2)C是易偏析元素,会加剧铸坯中心偏析,轧制后易形成珠光体带状组织,严重影响钢材抗氢致开裂性能,因此采用低碳成分设计思路是酸性服役管线钢设计的前提。
(3)带状组织常伴有氮化物夹杂,该夹杂物属于脆性夹杂物,是极易捕捉氢的陷阱,成为氢致裂纹源,钢水中N含量越低,液态析出的TiN越细小,因此合理控制N含量是酸性服役管线钢生产时考虑因素之一。
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  • 接收时间:2022-11-03
  • 首发时间:2025-11-20
  • 出版时间:2023-06-25
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    内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司稀土钢板材厂,内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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