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Article(id=1198277726265242027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198277724201644449, articleNumber=1009-5438(2023)03-0017-06, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1682352000000, receivedDateStr=2023-04-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763621272865, onlineDateStr=2025-11-20, pubDate=1687622400000, pubDateStr=2023-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763621272865, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763621272865, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763621272865, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198277724201644449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2023', volume='49', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1687622400000', pubDateStr='2023-06-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763621272373, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1763621583776, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198279030370829084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198277724201644449, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198279030370829085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198277724201644449, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=17, endPage=22, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198277726516900268, articleId=1198277726265242027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Study on Behavior and Mechanism of Rare Earth in Sintering Process, columnId=1187100781414069182, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Production Practices and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In this paper, the effects of rare earth on the quality, metallurgical performances and mineral composition of sinter are systematically studied with sinter cup as well as the occurrence states of rare earth in different minerals of sinter are analyzed with scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum. The results showed that the sinter product ratio, utilization coefficient and drum strength tended to be increased first and then decreased, reducibility and low-temperature reduction degradation index of sinter tended to be improved first and then deteriorated, melting range was widened as well as the amount of formation for calcium ferrite in the mineral composition of sinter tended to be decreased with the proportion of rare earth increased. During the sintering process, the rare earth is into hematite, calcium ferrite and glass phase as well as it exists as columnar rare earth mineral in glass phase.

, authors=null, authorsList=Zhou-li Liu, Min Wang, Hai-quan Liang, Xiao-yi He, Lu Wang, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198278025247813641, articleId=1198277726265242027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=CN, title=稀土在烧结过程中的行为与机理研究, columnId=1185882039552193444, journalTitle=包钢科技, columnName=生产实践与管理, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

采用烧结杯系统研究了稀土对烧结矿质量、冶金性能以及矿物组成的影响,并结合扫描电镜和能谱分析了稀土在烧结矿不同矿物中的赋存状态。研究结果表明:随着稀土配比的增加,烧结成品率、利用系数以及转鼓强度呈先增加后降低的趋势,烧结矿还原性和低温还原粉化指数呈先改善后恶化的趋势,熔融区间变宽,烧结矿矿物组成中铁酸钙的生成量呈降低的趋势。在烧结过程中稀土进入赤铁矿、铁酸钙及玻璃相中,在玻璃相中以柱状稀土矿物状态存在。

, authors=

刘周利(1984-),男,陕西省宝鸡市人,高级工程师,现从事烧结工艺研究及管理工作。

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刘周利(1984-),男,陕西省宝鸡市人,高级工程师,现从事烧结工艺研究及管理工作。

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刘周利(1984-),男,陕西省宝鸡市人,高级工程师,现从事烧结工艺研究及管理工作。

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原料名称 TFe FeO CaO SiO2 MgO Al2O3 K2O Na2O F REO Ig
自产精矿 66.46 28.83 0.92 2.50 0.83 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.38 1.74
稀土精矿 3.75 8.42 54.05
蛇纹石 1.00 38.00 35.00 10.00
石灰石 51.05 2.84 1.86 39.91
生石灰 87.67 3.63 4.07 2.31
白云石 31.09 2.36 19.86 45.87
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试验原料化学成分及烧损(质量分数)%

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原料名称 TFe FeO CaO SiO2 MgO Al2O3 K2O Na2O F REO Ig
自产精矿 66.46 28.83 0.92 2.50 0.83 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.38 1.74
稀土精矿 3.75 8.42 54.05
蛇纹石 1.00 38.00 35.00 10.00
石灰石 51.05 2.84 1.86 39.91
生石灰 87.67 3.63 4.07 2.31
白云石 31.09 2.36 19.86 45.87
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名称 Fcad Ad Vdaf St,d Mt
焦粉 82.0 16.0 2.1 0.9 2.4
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燃料工业分析(质量分数)%

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名称 Fcad Ad Vdaf St,d Mt
焦粉 82.0 16.0 2.1 0.9 2.4
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编号 烧结矿化学成分(质量分数)/% R
TFe FeO CaO SiO2 MgO F REO
SJ 58.50 10.44 9.88 4.84 2.08 0.07 0.20 2.04
SXT0.5 58.22 10.72 9.48 4.78 1.96 0.37 0.50 1.98
SXT1.0 57.54 10.60 9.50 4.81 2.01 0.52 0.95 1.98
SXT1.5 56.83 10.22 9.63 4.86 1.95 0.58 1.44 1.98
SXT2.0 55.01 10.31 9.72 4.80 2.03 0.62 2.11 2.03
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烧结矿化学成分及碱度

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编号 烧结矿化学成分(质量分数)/% R
TFe FeO CaO SiO2 MgO F REO
SJ 58.50 10.44 9.88 4.84 2.08 0.07 0.20 2.04
SXT0.5 58.22 10.72 9.48 4.78 1.96 0.37 0.50 1.98
SXT1.0 57.54 10.60 9.50 4.81 2.01 0.52 0.95 1.98
SXT1.5 56.83 10.22 9.63 4.86 1.95 0.58 1.44 1.98
SXT2.0 55.01 10.31 9.72 4.80 2.03 0.62 2.11 2.03
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编号 成品率
/%		 利用系数
/(t·m-2·h-1)		 垂速
/(mm·min-1)		 燃耗
/(kg·t-1)		 转鼓(+6.3 mm)
/%
SJ 70.31 1.42 20.00 65.88 64.40
SXT0.5 71.81 1.41 21.20 65.71 64.50
SXT1.0 74.54 1.44 20.60 63.39 65.80
SXT1.5 75.60 1.45 20.50 62.90 66.50
SXT2.0 74.40 1.41 19.40 63.29 65.90
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烧结工艺指标

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编号 成品率
/%		 利用系数
/(t·m-2·h-1)		 垂速
/(mm·min-1)		 燃耗
/(kg·t-1)		 转鼓(+6.3 mm)
/%
SJ 70.31 1.42 20.00 65.88 64.40
SXT0.5 71.81 1.41 21.20 65.71 64.50
SXT1.0 74.54 1.44 20.60 63.39 65.80
SXT1.5 75.60 1.45 20.50 62.90 66.50
SXT2.0 74.40 1.41 19.40 63.29 65.90
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编号 RI
/%		 RDI+3.15 mm
/%		 软融性能/℃ △Pmax/Pa
T4 T10 T40 T40-T10 TS TD TD-TS
SJ 76.50 77.60 1 104 1 122 1 256 134 1 246 1 505 259 14 910
SXT0.5 77.60 78.60 1 111 1 142 1 254 112 1 245 1 504 259 15 018
SXT1.0 78.80 79.40 1 127 1 151 1 258 107 1 247 1 515 268 15 854
SXT1.5 79.20 80.50 1 120 1 150 1 256 106 1 246 1 517 271 16 005
SXT2.0 78.00 79.60 1 114 1 151 1 246 94 1 235 1 515 280 16 539
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烧结矿冶金性能

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编号 RI
/%		 RDI+3.15 mm
/%		 软融性能/℃ △Pmax/Pa
T4 T10 T40 T40-T10 TS TD TD-TS
SJ 76.50 77.60 1 104 1 122 1 256 134 1 246 1 505 259 14 910
SXT0.5 77.60 78.60 1 111 1 142 1 254 112 1 245 1 504 259 15 018
SXT1.0 78.80 79.40 1 127 1 151 1 258 107 1 247 1 515 268 15 854
SXT1.5 79.20 80.50 1 120 1 150 1 256 106 1 246 1 517 271 16 005
SXT2.0 78.00 79.60 1 114 1 151 1 246 94 1 235 1 515 280 16 539
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编号 磁铁矿 赤铁矿 铁酸钙 硅酸二钙 玻璃相 铈钙硅石 橄榄石 含稀土铁矿物 枪晶石
SJ 50 12 23 3 11 1
SXT0.5 49 15 15 1 10 <1 9 <1
SXT1.0 46 13 14 1 12 1 12 1
SXT1.5 45 14 13 1 11 1 14 1
SXT2.0 45 13 13 1 7 2 17 2
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烧结矿矿物组成(体积分数)%

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编号 磁铁矿 赤铁矿 铁酸钙 硅酸二钙 玻璃相 铈钙硅石 橄榄石 含稀土铁矿物 枪晶石
SJ 50 12 23 3 11 1
SXT0.5 49 15 15 1 10 <1 9 <1
SXT1.0 46 13 14 1 12 1 12 1
SXT1.5 45 14 13 1 11 1 14 1
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稀土在烧结过程中的行为与机理研究
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刘周利 1, 2 , 王敏 1 , 梁海全 3 , 何晓义 4 , 王璐 1
包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2023,49(3): 17-22
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包钢科技 |生产实践与管理 2023 , 49 (3) : 17 -22
稀土在烧结过程中的行为与机理研究
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刘周利(1984-),男,陕西省宝鸡市人,高级工程师,现从事烧结工艺研究及管理工作。

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刘周利1, 2, 王敏1, 梁海全3, 何晓义4, 王璐1
作者信息
  • 1 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 2 内蒙古自治区稀土钢产品研发企业重点实验室,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 3 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司稀土钢炼铁厂,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 4 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司制造部,内蒙古 包头 014010
Study on Behavior and Mechanism of Rare Earth in Sintering Process
Zhou-li Liu1, 2, Min Wang1, Hai-quan Liang3, Xiao-yi He4, Lu Wang1
Affiliations
  • 1 Technical Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 2 Inner Mongolia Enterprise Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Steel Products Research & Development,Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 3 Rare Earth Steel Iron-making Plant of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 4 Manufacturing Dept. of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2023-06-25
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摘要
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采用烧结杯系统研究了稀土对烧结矿质量、冶金性能以及矿物组成的影响,并结合扫描电镜和能谱分析了稀土在烧结矿不同矿物中的赋存状态。研究结果表明:随着稀土配比的增加,烧结成品率、利用系数以及转鼓强度呈先增加后降低的趋势,烧结矿还原性和低温还原粉化指数呈先改善后恶化的趋势,熔融区间变宽,烧结矿矿物组成中铁酸钙的生成量呈降低的趋势。在烧结过程中稀土进入赤铁矿、铁酸钙及玻璃相中,在玻璃相中以柱状稀土矿物状态存在。

稀土  /  烧结矿  /  行为  /  机理研究

In this paper, the effects of rare earth on the quality, metallurgical performances and mineral composition of sinter are systematically studied with sinter cup as well as the occurrence states of rare earth in different minerals of sinter are analyzed with scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum. The results showed that the sinter product ratio, utilization coefficient and drum strength tended to be increased first and then decreased, reducibility and low-temperature reduction degradation index of sinter tended to be improved first and then deteriorated, melting range was widened as well as the amount of formation for calcium ferrite in the mineral composition of sinter tended to be decreased with the proportion of rare earth increased. During the sintering process, the rare earth is into hematite, calcium ferrite and glass phase as well as it exists as columnar rare earth mineral in glass phase.

rare earth  /  sinter  /  behavior  /  mechanism study
刘周利, 王敏, 梁海全, 何晓义, 王璐. 稀土在烧结过程中的行为与机理研究. 包钢科技, 2023 , 49 (3) : 17 -22 .
Zhou-li Liu, Min Wang, Hai-quan Liang, Xiao-yi He, Lu Wang. Study on Behavior and Mechanism of Rare Earth in Sintering Process[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2023 , 49 (3) : 17 -22 .
正文
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近年来,广大科技工作者围绕白云鄂博铁精矿中的K、Na、F开展了大量的基础性能研究[1-5],从机理上弄清了K、Na、F在烧结过程中的行为以及对烧结矿产质量的影响,而对稀土在烧结过程中的行为与机理方面的研究很少,本文采用烧结杯研究了稀土对烧结矿质量和冶金性能的影响,为研究稀土在烧结过程中的行为和作用机理提供技术指导。
1 试验原料及研究方法
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1.1 试验原料
试验用铁料包括白云鄂博自产精矿(简称自产精矿)、稀土精矿;熔剂包括蛇纹石、石灰石、生石灰、白云石;燃料为焦粉。试验用原料化学成分见表1,燃料工业分析见表2。
由表2可以看出,焦粉的固定碳含量为82.0%,灰分较高,为16.0%,硫含量较高,为0.9%。
1.2 研究方法及试验方案
本文采用烧结杯,结合熔滴炉和矿相显微镜研究稀土对烧结矿质量、冶金性能以及矿物组成的影响。为了摸清稀土对烧结产质量的影响,以自产精矿为原料,通过配加不同比例的稀土精矿,使得烧结混合料中稀土含量呈现不同的变化趋势。具体试验方案以100%自产铁精矿为基准点(SJ),通过添加稀土精矿,使烧结混合铁料稀土含量分别为0.5%(SXT0.5)、1.0%(SXT1.0)、1.5%(SXT1.5)、2.0%(SXT2.0)。烧结试验采用直径为300 mm的烧结杯,料层厚度为700 mm,点火负压为4.9 kPa,烧结负压为9.8 kPa。烧结矿碱度控制为2.00±0.08,烧结矿MgO含量为2.0%±0.1%,通过蛇纹石调整烧结矿SiO2含量在4.8%±0.1%。
2 试验结果及分析
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2.1 烧结杯试验结果及分析
2.1.1 化学成分
含稀土烧结矿化学成分见表3。
由表3可以看出,由于稀土精矿铁品位较低,F含量高,替代自产精矿后,随着稀土精矿配比的增加,烧结矿铁品位降低,F含量增加。
2.1.2 工艺指标
烧结工艺指标见表4。
由表4可以看出,与基准点相比,随着稀土含量的增加,烧结矿成品率、利用系数以及转鼓强度均呈先增加后降低的趋势,固体燃耗呈先降低后增加的趋势,当稀土含量为1.44%时,各项工艺指标最优。
2.1.3 冶金性能
含稀土烧结矿冶金性能见表5。
由表5可以看出,随着稀土含量的增加,烧结矿还原性(RI)、低温还原粉化指数(RDI+3.15 mm)呈现先改善后变差的趋势。烧结矿的软化温度区间T40-T10随着稀土含量的增加有变窄的趋势,从基准点的134 ℃到烧结矿稀土含量为2.11%时降低至94 ℃。TS呈降低的趋势,TD呈增加的趋势,导致熔化区间变宽,从基准点的259 ℃到烧结矿稀土含量为2.11%时的280 ℃,最大压差也随着稀土含量的增加而呈升高的趋势。
2.1.4 矿物组成和显微结构
烧结矿矿物组成分析结果见表6,显微结构见图1。
由表1矿物组成并结合图1显微结构可以看出,基准点(SJ)矿物组成中主要以磁铁矿、赤铁矿、玻璃相及铁酸钙构成,含有3%的硅酸二钙;四个试验点矿物组成中主要以磁铁矿、赤铁矿、玻璃相、铁酸钙和含稀土铁矿物构成。随着稀土含量的增加烧结矿的铁酸钙生成量降低,含稀土铁矿物增加,铈钙硅石及枪晶石呈增加的趋势。由于液相中铈钙硅石和枪晶石的生成增加了玻璃相的强度,所以,随着稀土含量的增加烧结矿转鼓强度提高。硅酸二钙随着稀土含量的增加呈降低的趋势,由于硅酸二钙在冷却过程中发生一系列的晶型转变,体积膨胀,产生内应力,导致烧结矿粉碎,严重影响烧结矿强度,因此硅酸二钙的减少使烧结矿粉化性能得到改善。
2.1.5 扫描电镜微区分析结果
为了进一步摸清稀土在烧结过程中的走向和在烧结矿各个矿物中的分布情况,对稀土含量为2.11%的烧结矿矿物中的赤铁矿、磁铁矿、铁酸钙、玻璃相和含稀土铁矿物进行了扫描电镜和能谱分析。分析结果见图2—图6。
图2中十字所标定的矿物为赤铁矿,可以看出,其中Ca较多,有大量稀土进入赤铁矿。
图3中十字所标定的矿物为磁铁矿,可以看出,其中Ca、Mg较多。
图4中红色方框所标定的矿物为复合铁酸钙,可以看出,有较多的稀土进入复合铁酸钙中。
图5中十字所标定的矿物为铈钙硅石,从能谱图及其所含各元素的重量结果可以看出,铈钙硅石中的稀土含量较高。
图6中十字标定的矿物为稀土铁矿物,从能谱图及其所含各元素的重量结果可以看出,该矿物中稀土含量较高。
3 结论
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(1)与基准点相比,随着稀土含量的增加,烧结矿成品率、利用系数以及转鼓强度呈先增加后降低的趋势。配加稀土后,烧结矿铁酸钙的生成量降低,稀土铁矿物的含量增加,由于稀土铁矿物的出现,烧结矿玻璃相强度增强,最终使得烧结矿转鼓强度提高。固体燃耗随着稀土含量的增加呈先降低后增加的趋势。
(2)从烧结矿的冶金性能试验结果得出,稀土进入烧结矿后,烧结矿还原性、低温还原粉化指数呈先改善后恶化的趋势,T40-T10变窄,TD-TS变宽,最大压差变大。
(3)从烧结矿的微区检测分析得出,烧结配加稀土后,形成含稀土的铁矿物和铈钙硅石,同时稀土进入赤铁矿和复合铁酸钙。

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参考文献 引证文献
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2023年第49卷第3期
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  • 接收时间：2023-04-25
  • 首发时间：2025-11-20
  • 出版时间：2023-06-25
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  • 收稿日期：2023-04-25
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    1 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
    2 内蒙古自治区稀土钢产品研发企业重点实验室,内蒙古 包头 014010
    3 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司稀土钢炼铁厂,内蒙古 包头 014010
    4 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司制造部,内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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