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In the information economy era, the drawbacks of traditional operation and management models for separation of finance and business have become more prominent. The problem that how to overcome the delayed decision-making and inner control of enterprise caused by lag of corporate financial information due to the “information isolated island” has become the urgent problem for many large enterprises. In the paper, it is described the organic integration of finance and business process is prompted through sorting out business processes so as to effectively improve the management level of large enterprises, ensure that financial data could reflect the whole production management process accurately in real time and achieve the effect of dynamic monitoring of important links in the process in detail. Moreover, the three main processes in enterprise operations, that is the business processes, financial accounting process and management process are with interworking and coordination.

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在信息经济时代下,财务和业务分离的传统运营和管理模式的弊端越发凸显。如何克服由“信息孤岛”造成的企业财务信息滞后所导致的决策以及企业内控不及时等问题,已成为许多大型企业急需解决的难题。文章详细描述了在包钢股份ERP系统实施过程中,通过梳理业务流程,促使财务与业务流程的有机融合,有效提高了大型企业的管理水平,确保财务数据可以实时准确地反映整个生产经营过程,并达到对过程中的重要环节进行动态监控的效果,将企业经营中的三大主要流程,即业务流程、财务会计流程以及管理流程进行相互配合和协调。

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王 宏(1965-),男,内蒙古凉城县人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事信息化研究与应用工作。

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王 宏(1965-),男,内蒙古凉城县人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事信息化研究与应用工作。

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王 宏(1965-),男,内蒙古凉城县人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事信息化研究与应用工作。

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在包钢股份ERP系统实施中理解财务业务一体化
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王宏 , 耿殿威 , 王晓云
包钢科技 | 其他 2023,49(2): 88-91
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包钢科技 | 其他 2023, 49(2): 88-91
在包钢股份ERP系统实施中理解财务业务一体化
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王宏, 耿殿威, 王晓云
作者信息
  • 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司信息服务中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 王 宏(1965-),男,内蒙古凉城县人,硕士,高级工程师,现从事信息化研究与应用工作。

Understanding of Integration of Finance and Business in Implementing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System of Baotou Steel
Hong Wang, Dian-wei Geng, Xiao-yun Wang
Affiliations
  • Information Service Center of Baotou Iron & Steel (Group) Co. , Ltd. , Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2023-04-25
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在信息经济时代下,财务和业务分离的传统运营和管理模式的弊端越发凸显。如何克服由“信息孤岛”造成的企业财务信息滞后所导致的决策以及企业内控不及时等问题,已成为许多大型企业急需解决的难题。文章详细描述了在包钢股份ERP系统实施过程中,通过梳理业务流程,促使财务与业务流程的有机融合,有效提高了大型企业的管理水平,确保财务数据可以实时准确地反映整个生产经营过程,并达到对过程中的重要环节进行动态监控的效果,将企业经营中的三大主要流程,即业务流程、财务会计流程以及管理流程进行相互配合和协调。

ERP实施  /  财务业务  /  一体化

In the information economy era, the drawbacks of traditional operation and management models for separation of finance and business have become more prominent. The problem that how to overcome the delayed decision-making and inner control of enterprise caused by lag of corporate financial information due to the “information isolated island” has become the urgent problem for many large enterprises. In the paper, it is described the organic integration of finance and business process is prompted through sorting out business processes so as to effectively improve the management level of large enterprises, ensure that financial data could reflect the whole production management process accurately in real time and achieve the effect of dynamic monitoring of important links in the process in detail. Moreover, the three main processes in enterprise operations, that is the business processes, financial accounting process and management process are with interworking and coordination.

implementation of ERP  /  finance and business  /  integration
王宏, 耿殿威, 王晓云. 在包钢股份ERP系统实施中理解财务业务一体化. 包钢科技, 2023 , 49 (2) : 88 -91 .
Hong Wang, Dian-wei Geng, Xiao-yun Wang. Understanding of Integration of Finance and Business in Implementing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System of Baotou Steel[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2023 , 49 (2) : 88 -91 .
包钢(集团)公司作为我国主要钢轨生产基地之一、品种规格较齐全的无缝钢管生产基地之一、西北地区最大的板材生产基地,早在2000年左右就有意向建立一个属于自己的ERP系统。ERP系统不仅仅是将企业各项资源整合到一起的信息管理系统,更是一套将物流、信息流、资金流三流合一的企业管理理念,破除信息“孤岛”,将各项业务流程进行标准化、合理化。随着市场经济的不断完善和包钢(集团)公司规模的不断扩大,对企业的精细化管理的要求也在不断提高,传统的管理手段已经无法满足集团公司发展的需要,所以集团公司在选好合作伙伴并组建相应的信息部门后,从2015年开始进行ERP需求调研,并且在2017年初全面推动ERP系统在包钢股份范围内的实施。
整个ERP系统囊括了包钢股份的全流程,将不同供应商的资源进行整合管理,并在企业的生产活动中融入对客户需求产品的精细管理。使公司各个部门以市场需求为导向,灵活开展业务活动,提高公司在钢铁市场的竞争力。
实施范围如图1所示,在实施过程中发现,由于包钢股份是一个涉及多行业、多流程复杂的钢铁企业,财务业务各自建立的信息系统,由于流程衔接不够完善,统计口径又各不相同,这就导致许多不必要的隐性整合工作实际上是人工在线下进行的,造成企业整体运行效率较低,人工成本较高,成本核算不够精细,管理水平对标国内一流钢铁企业存在一定差距。只有以财务为核心,由财务指导前端业务流程,各业务部门一级化管理,打破“多级会计主体,分级核算管理”的体系框架,建立统一的集中核算信息平台,对业务与财务衔接流程进行梳理与改造,不断调整业务单据与财务信息的对接,财务数据与业务数据实现数据共享,对财务与业务部门职能进行调整,真正发挥财务部门控制企业经济业务的实时性,从而通过实现财务业务一体化将公司财务与业务进行有效对接,达到真正全方面的协同合作。
许多钢铁企业都存在一些共性的问题,主要包括组织机构臃肿,效率低下;财务业务无法一体化管理,财务资金无法及时动态掌握,无法建立有效的成本管理体系、分级核算,财务只能进行大量的账务处理工作而无法发挥监督管理职能;销售、采购、仓储等部门在信息化的过程中各自建立自己的信息系统,形成“信息孤岛”,产销无法协调,材料备件的库存受到人为干预、生产计划变动大等不确定性因素居高不下,造成物资消耗浪费严重;各业务系统与财务部门通过线下纸质单据进行传递,人为因素增加,效率低下。
针对这些问题,通过改变财务核算模式,由二级核算变为一级核算,重组业务流程,推动系统实施,实现对企业资金的动态监管。使业务人员在处理业务的同时,系统可以自动生成账务数据,这样可以大大提高财务人员的工作效率,有效降低企业生产管理成本,使公司财务部门由简单的会计核算转向企业的财务管理,发挥更多职能;外购燃料采取加权平均价出入库,实时准确的反映原材料的价格波动及生产消耗成本,可以使采购运输和仓储管理更加规范透明;在物料的管理方面,结合生产实际提出采购申请,对产品和物料采购订单进行有效关联,如此可以及时监控采购成本,确保既满足生产需求又不会造成采购物料超量,详细了解库存的数量、价格、货品状态、存储位置,对货品进行有效管控;在产品的整个生命周期内,生产系统能够精确地跟踪产品走向,及时准确反映出产品产耗关系,成本系统可自动归集生产系统提供的数据,详细地计算出各类产品在不同工序中所消耗的成本,也可便于财务人员及时查询产品的产耗情况;系统可结合企业的销售情况进行生产排产,平衡产销关系,提高产销联动性。而上述数据又全部最终与财务数据相勾稽,相关业务单据线上传递审核,使财务部门在采购入库、原材料消耗、产品生产、销售发货、产品结算等重要环节层层把关,实时控制,将做到事前风险管控。
钢铁企业在ERP系统的实施过程中深刻领悟到只有打破传统的财务与业务相分离的管理运营方式,寻找一套能够将财务与业务进行有机融合、将企业作为整体的新型管理手段,才能够实现获取信息、生产控制与日程管理为一体的现代管理模式。
财务业务一体化(简称业财一体化),又称之为业财融合,指的是以信息系统为技术手段,使用符合企业需求的管理软件对企业运营过程中的财务管理流程与其他业务流程进行有机融合。在业财一体化的信息系统中,企业运营的财务数据与其他企业运营产生的业务数据得到有机融合,并可以在最短时间内提供给企业管理层,为企业管理层制定管理办法和方向提供依据。从企业内部管控方面看,负责的业务人员一般来说对财务知识相对缺乏,需要财务人员从财务数据中挖掘出有助于企业内部核算、人员绩效考核等相关有价值的数据提供给业务人员,引导业务人员进行分析并根据企业的业务流程制定相关财务政策,使企业业务能够更加高效运转,只有这样才能保证业务活动产生的数据满足财务管理的要求,才能使得业务发展更加强劲,财务的管理职能得到充分发挥[1]。以ERP系统的实施为例,从前期调研到需求说明再到最后的上线实施,财务部门全程跟踪提供支持,并针对各项流程制定相应的财务规则,而业务部门又在此过程中充分了解财务规则,从而使业务活动更加规范标准。
从公司全局规划的角度上看,财务管理为战略目标与业务目标提供资金、决策、布局等全方位的支持,在整体上做到控制风险,尤其是在业务的发展过程中,风险一般是动态的,怎样保证风险在各个环节保持可控并且保证一定的自由度是考验财务部门管理的重要指标[2]
总而言之,只有通过对业务部门的支持,财务部门才能实现财务管理价值的创造,同时公司各个部门各个模块之间也都是相互激发、相互进步和完善的过程,业务是在接受到财务支持的过程中,进一步了解财务的规则,了解作为商业闭环的财务是怎样来呈现业务的,业务就可以开始进一步去挖掘对于公司更好的业务方式,而不是挑战财务规则。
传统财务会计运用独立的财务信息系统,从业务流程中采集数据,经过对原始凭证进行数据加工生成各类账簿,最后以账簿、记账凭证为依据,编制对外报表对外披露。财务与业务使用不同信息系统,各系统自成一体,导致数据分布广、集成度低、信息传递周期长,这不利于提高会计信息质量。当一个经济事项发生时,业务数据在先,财务数据在后,二者互不相干,独自进行。由于缺少共同系统规则的约束,容易导致业务数据不能完全满足财务要求,财务要求难以深入到业务环节[3]。而在企业信息化的过程中,要排除传统运营模式的弊端,遵循业财一体化的主导思想,首先需要完善业务系统的基础信息数据,如采购数据、仓储数据、运输数据、销售数据等;其次,将业务系统与财务系统进行关联,打通数据通道,赋予不同部门的业务人员对应的数据操作与查询权限,从而在企业的运营管理过程中,按照规定的业务流程与数据规则生成企业的物流、资金流信息。使用与业务相对应的信息管理系统与财务管理系统进行一体化的集成,达到对企业采购信息、生产信息、销售信息、设备信息、质量和人力资源信息的管理与财务系统高度集成,便于财务部门进行成本核算控制[4],为企业管理者提供实时、准确、统一的财务数据,可以使全公司的财务信息及时、准确和可靠,保证财务数据能够正确指导企业进行生产经营,把控企业的各个管理环节,实时监控和反映出企业存在的问题。对于企业来说,将财务管理融入业务流程中,能够让企业管理工作与企业的业务开展相融合,提高企业管理水平,达到企业管理控制层面的财务业务一体化。
企业财务业务一体化是当下企业信息化的重要发展趋势和必然方向,符合企业发展的理念,有利于提高企业的财务管理水平,推进企业的快速稳定发展。而业务信息化和财务信息化的有机融合是实现财务共享的前提条件。业财一体化为财务共享中心提供基础的信息数据支持,包括业务基本情况、业务活动流程、业务量、业务效率和业务质量等。一方面,财务数据是了解企业财务状况和生产经营状况的重要基础,从业务信息数据的获取入手,能够帮助企业实现整体上的财务管理和财务分析,包括成本分析、预算和利润预期分析等。先有业财一体化,实现业务数据和财务数据收集整合对接后,才能实现财务共享;另一方面,通过业财一体化,实时监控业务的实施过程和实施效果,及时发现不正常的数据信息,在此基础上开展财务共享服务,可以优化资源配置,为企业的战略决策提供分析与参考。
参考文献 引证文献
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吴凡, 齐占新, 刘程程. 基于集团实时管控视角的业财一体化实施研究[J]. 中国商论, 2019(23):29-30.
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2023年第49卷第2期
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  • 接收时间:2023-01-12
  • 首发时间:2025-11-20
  • 出版时间:2023-04-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-01-12
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    包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司信息服务中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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